This thesis covers a brief overview of the development of the energy meter technology as well as a division of the modern energy meters and a description of the functions of electromechanical and static energy meters. The thesis also contains a list and a simple description of the type tests in compliance with the applicable standards relevant to the energy meters. Furthermore, the thesis describes the impact of differential disturbances in the band from 2 kHz to 250 kHz. The paper also defines the IEC-61000-4-19 standard and describes the testing system for measuring the impact of differential disturbances in the band from 2 kHz to 150 kHz. The thesis includes a description of the data acquisition software that was created in the Matlab program. The final part of the paper focuses on a description of the results of parametric tests and the proposal for their adjustments.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um método para o planejamento da inspeção de equipamentos instalados em grandes quantidades e em extensas áreas geográficas. Para tanto, a dissertação apresenta inicialmente tópicos referentes a amostragem, que constitui a base do método desenvolvido, e inspeção de produtos e equipamentos. O método proposto é dividido em três fases, as quais são subdivididas em etapas que apresentam as atividades a serem realizadas. A Fase 1 denomina-se elaboração da matriz amostral e visa identificar quais e quantos equipamentos devem ser inspecionados. A Fase 2, intitulada distribuição da matriz amostral no tempo, tem como objetivo determinar quando os equipamentos devem ser inspecionados. A Fase 3, designada alocação dos recursos humanos para execução da matriz amostral, visa estabelecer quem deve inspecionar os equipamentos. Após seu desenvolvimento, o método foi aplicado em uma empresa do setor de distribuição de energia elétrica, para auxiliar no planejamento da inspeção de seus medidores de energia elétrica. Por fim, realizou-se a avaliação do método, através de entrevistas individuais com três especialistas da empresa. De acordo com os mesmos, o método é exeqüível, fácil de ser aplicado e possivelmente será implantado na empresa. Além disso, soluciona, se implantado, o problema referente ao desconhecimento do desempenho dos medidores instalados em seu parque de medição, que têm impacto direto sobre o faturamento da empresa. / The objective of this work is to develop a method for the inspection planning of equipments installed at great quantity and extensive geographical areas. Initially, some topics regarding sampling, which constitutes the base of the developed method, and inspection of products and equipment are presented. The proposed method is divided in three phases, which are subdivided in stages that present the activities to be accomplished. Phase 1 is called elaboration of the sampling matrix, aiming the identification of the equipments to be inspected. Phase 2, named time distribution of the sampling matrix, determines when the equipment must be inspected. Phase 3, designated allocation of the human resources for execution of the sampling matrix, establishes who must inspect the equipments. After development, the method was applied at a company of electric power distribution segment, to assist the inspection planning of its electric energy meters. Finally, the method evaluation was carried out, through individual interviews, considering the opinion of three specialists of the company. According to the specialists, the method is feasible, easy to apply, and possibly it will be implanted by the company. Besides, if implanted, it solves the problem regarding the lack of knowledge concerning the meters installed in its concession area, which have direct impact on companies´ budget.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um método para o planejamento da inspeção de equipamentos instalados em grandes quantidades e em extensas áreas geográficas. Para tanto, a dissertação apresenta inicialmente tópicos referentes a amostragem, que constitui a base do método desenvolvido, e inspeção de produtos e equipamentos. O método proposto é dividido em três fases, as quais são subdivididas em etapas que apresentam as atividades a serem realizadas. A Fase 1 denomina-se elaboração da matriz amostral e visa identificar quais e quantos equipamentos devem ser inspecionados. A Fase 2, intitulada distribuição da matriz amostral no tempo, tem como objetivo determinar quando os equipamentos devem ser inspecionados. A Fase 3, designada alocação dos recursos humanos para execução da matriz amostral, visa estabelecer quem deve inspecionar os equipamentos. Após seu desenvolvimento, o método foi aplicado em uma empresa do setor de distribuição de energia elétrica, para auxiliar no planejamento da inspeção de seus medidores de energia elétrica. Por fim, realizou-se a avaliação do método, através de entrevistas individuais com três especialistas da empresa. De acordo com os mesmos, o método é exeqüível, fácil de ser aplicado e possivelmente será implantado na empresa. Além disso, soluciona, se implantado, o problema referente ao desconhecimento do desempenho dos medidores instalados em seu parque de medição, que têm impacto direto sobre o faturamento da empresa. / The objective of this work is to develop a method for the inspection planning of equipments installed at great quantity and extensive geographical areas. Initially, some topics regarding sampling, which constitutes the base of the developed method, and inspection of products and equipment are presented. The proposed method is divided in three phases, which are subdivided in stages that present the activities to be accomplished. Phase 1 is called elaboration of the sampling matrix, aiming the identification of the equipments to be inspected. Phase 2, named time distribution of the sampling matrix, determines when the equipment must be inspected. Phase 3, designated allocation of the human resources for execution of the sampling matrix, establishes who must inspect the equipments. After development, the method was applied at a company of electric power distribution segment, to assist the inspection planning of its electric energy meters. Finally, the method evaluation was carried out, through individual interviews, considering the opinion of three specialists of the company. According to the specialists, the method is feasible, easy to apply, and possibly it will be implanted by the company. Besides, if implanted, it solves the problem regarding the lack of knowledge concerning the meters installed in its concession area, which have direct impact on companies´ budget.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo desenvolver um método para o planejamento da inspeção de equipamentos instalados em grandes quantidades e em extensas áreas geográficas. Para tanto, a dissertação apresenta inicialmente tópicos referentes a amostragem, que constitui a base do método desenvolvido, e inspeção de produtos e equipamentos. O método proposto é dividido em três fases, as quais são subdivididas em etapas que apresentam as atividades a serem realizadas. A Fase 1 denomina-se elaboração da matriz amostral e visa identificar quais e quantos equipamentos devem ser inspecionados. A Fase 2, intitulada distribuição da matriz amostral no tempo, tem como objetivo determinar quando os equipamentos devem ser inspecionados. A Fase 3, designada alocação dos recursos humanos para execução da matriz amostral, visa estabelecer quem deve inspecionar os equipamentos. Após seu desenvolvimento, o método foi aplicado em uma empresa do setor de distribuição de energia elétrica, para auxiliar no planejamento da inspeção de seus medidores de energia elétrica. Por fim, realizou-se a avaliação do método, através de entrevistas individuais com três especialistas da empresa. De acordo com os mesmos, o método é exeqüível, fácil de ser aplicado e possivelmente será implantado na empresa. Além disso, soluciona, se implantado, o problema referente ao desconhecimento do desempenho dos medidores instalados em seu parque de medição, que têm impacto direto sobre o faturamento da empresa. / The objective of this work is to develop a method for the inspection planning of equipments installed at great quantity and extensive geographical areas. Initially, some topics regarding sampling, which constitutes the base of the developed method, and inspection of products and equipment are presented. The proposed method is divided in three phases, which are subdivided in stages that present the activities to be accomplished. Phase 1 is called elaboration of the sampling matrix, aiming the identification of the equipments to be inspected. Phase 2, named time distribution of the sampling matrix, determines when the equipment must be inspected. Phase 3, designated allocation of the human resources for execution of the sampling matrix, establishes who must inspect the equipments. After development, the method was applied at a company of electric power distribution segment, to assist the inspection planning of its electric energy meters. Finally, the method evaluation was carried out, through individual interviews, considering the opinion of three specialists of the company. According to the specialists, the method is feasible, easy to apply, and possibly it will be implanted by the company. Besides, if implanted, it solves the problem regarding the lack of knowledge concerning the meters installed in its concession area, which have direct impact on companies´ budget.

Orientadores: Hermano Medeiros Ferrera Tavares, Marcos Carneiro da Silva / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T03:17:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Navarro_MaristelaDomeni_M.pdf: 2037867 bytes, checksum: a858cc3260dae4659d1b3cdfece3f4f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Este trabalho objetiva verificar a viabilidade da utilização da rede das operadoras de televisão à cabo para medição remota e tarifação diferenciada de energia elétrica para consumidores alimentados em baixa tensão - Grupo B. Envolve a criação de protótipos de hardware e software para controle da comunicação, obtenção dos dados e controle operacional dos medidores de energia executados remotamente a partir de uma central. A arquitetura implementada tem três elementos principais: o Ponto de Presença, instalado no quadro de medidores do consumidor; o Controlador Central de Comunicação, instalado na operadora de televisão à cabo, responsável pela comunicação com os Pontos de Presença monitorados e pela concentração e envio de informações ao Centro de Aplicações, o último elemento da arquitetura. Resultados foram coletados e avaliados, abordando aspectos como a viabilidade técnica, vantagens e desvantagens. Esse trabalho proporcionou ainda um breve estudo de novas formas de comunicação remota com medidores usando outros meios físicos de comunicação / Abstract: This work was developed to verify the viability to use the cable TV infra-structure for remote measurement and billing for consumers fed in low tension - Group B. It involved the creation of hardware and software prototypes for control of the communication to collecting data remotely of the energy meter from a central office. The implemented architecture has three main elements: the Point of Presence, installed at the consumer side; the Central Controller, installed in the Cable TV headend, responsible for the communication with the Points of Presence and for the concentration and sending of information to the Application Center, the last element of the architecture. Results had been collected and evaluated, taking into account aspects as the viability technique, advantages and disadvantages. This work still provided a briefing study of new ways of remote communication with the energy meters using other infra-structure of communication / Mestrado / Automação / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica

The diploma thesis describe design and realization of smart energy meter. The smart energy meter allows remote reading of the measured values and with connected externals modules also switching of connected load. The theoretical part covered measured values definition, required function analysis, components selection and design of smart energy meter. The practical part deal with firmware development, programming, remote control and reading of the measured values. The final chapter deal with realization and calibration of the smart energy meter.

This master’s thesis deals with design and implementation of electric energy meter with support of automatic remote data collection. For the collecting of measured data is used narrowband PLC technology. The theoretical part describes the basic properties and standards of narrowband PLC technology, such as types of coupling circuits, modulations, frequency bands and interference problems. In the practical part, there is description of selected parts, such as control circuit power meter, modem, microcontroller and UART to USB converter. There are further described basic properties of narrowband PLC modem ST7570 by STMicroelectronics. The final chapter, implementation of the device, deals with designs of circuit PLC modem ST7570, power meter ADE7753 and converter USB to UART CP2102.

In this MSc thesis, it is investigated what parameters are relevant for describing energy consumption of heavy haul freight trains and how these can be used to develop key performance indicators (KPIs) for energy efficiency. The possible set of KPI is bounded by data available from energy meters used in electric IORE class locomotives hauling iron ore trains in northern Sweden. Furthermore, the analysis is only concerned with energy efficiency at the rolling stock level, excluding losses in the electric power supply network. Based on a literature study, parameters of interest describing driver, operations and rolling stock energy efficiency have been identified. By means of simulation, a parametric study is performed, simulating a 30 ton axle load iron ore train with 68 wagons. Train modelling input is obtained from technical documentation or estimated through measurements and statistical analysis. A multi-particle representation of the train is used to calculate gradient resistance for the simulation, which is also applied to determine the curve resistance.  Results show that the motion resistance is simulated quite accurately, while the lack of a driver model in the simulation tool leads to overestimation of energy consumption. Taking this into account, the importance of the driver for energy efficiency can still clearly be showcased in the parametric study. Especially on long steep downhill sections, prioritising the electric brakes over mechanical brakes is demonstrated to have a huge influence on net energy consumption, as has the amount of coasting applied. With the same driver behaviour in all simulations, the savings in specific energy from increasing axle load to 32.5 tons is estimated. Moreover, a comparison of increased train length and axle load points towards higher savings for the latter. In the end, parametric study results are used to recommend a structure for a monitoring system of energy efficiency based on a set of KPIs. With a sufficiently high sampling rate of energy meter data, it is adequate for calculating driver related KPIs and some additional KPIs. More KPIs can be tracked with access to additional data, e.g. cargo load. / I detta examensarbete undersöks vilka parametrar som är relevanta för att beskriva energiförbrukning för tunga godståg och hur dessa kan nyttjas för att utveckla nyckeltal för energieffektivitet. Antalet möjliga nyckeltal avgränsas till sådana som kan beräknas med data från elmätare som används i elektriska littera IORE lok som drar tunga malmtåg i norra Sverige. Vidare så tar analysen endast hänsyn till energieffektivitet för rullande materiel, vilket utesluter förluster i elektriska kraftmatningsnätet. Baserad på en litteraturstudie har relevanta parametrar som beskriver förare, drift och rullande materiel identifierats. Med hjälp av simuleringar av ett malmtåg med 30 tons axellast och 68 vagnar så utförs en parameterstudie. Indata för tågmodelleringen erhålls från teknisk dokumentation respektive uppskattas genom mätningar och statistisk analys. En representation av tåget som flertalet partiklar tillämpas i simulering för att beräkna lutningsmotståndet. Dessutom används densamma för att ta fram kurvmotståndet. Resultaten visar att gångmotstånd simuleras ganska exakt, medan avsaknad av en förarmodell i simuleringsvertyget leder till överskattad energiförbrukning. Med hänsyn tagen till detta så kan betydelsen av föraren för energieffektivitet fortfarande påvisas mycket tydligt i parameterstudien. I synnerhet i långa branta nedförsbackar har prioritering av den elektriska bromsen framför den mekaniska bromsen mycket stor påverkan på nettoenergiförbrukningen, likaväl som hur mycket tåget frirullar. Med samma förarbeteende i samtliga simuleringar har besparingar i specifik energiförbrukning kunnat uppskattats för en ökning av axellasten till 32,5 ton. Dessutom pekar en jämförelse av ökad tåglängd och axellast mot att sistnämnda ger större besparingar. Slutligen så har resultaten från parameterstudien nyttjats för att rekommendera en struktur för ett uppföljningssystem av energieffektivitet baserad på en uppsättning av nyckeltal. Med tillräckligt hög samplingsfrekvens på data från elmätare är den adekvat för att beräkna vissa nyckeltal, framförallt relaterad till förare. Fler nyckeltal kan följas upp med mer tillgänglig data så som lastvikter.

The subject of master’s thesis is introduction with the principles of measuring voltage, current and electrical power in DC and AC systems. Is designed measurement system for normal household. Measurement system includes pricing and client billing. User interface Ethernet-based is implemented.

The thesis shows the historical development of the South Moravian electricity system and the development of Brno´s network is discussed in more detail, especially the current form of the network from the outskirts of the city to its historical centre. The lattice network, as a subject of the analysis, is described in terms of the operation and reliability of the power supply. It also informs about the gradual development of the technology applied in the lattice network Brno-střed. The practical part performs the analysis of theoretical data and recorded data with respect to steady-state and faulty-state operation of the lattice network Brno-střed. The theoretical analysis is based on the simulation and calculation of the lattice network model in the software PAS DAISY Bizon and the monitored parameter is the transformers power load. In addition, the analysis of the real data includes the assessment of the difference average phase current values, as well as voltage, between the transformer phases. There is also the evaluation of the energy flow from the low voltage side to the high voltage side of the analysed network.