Electrical energy is commonly used in households and in industry - demand continues to rise due to economic and population growth. This requires that energy suppliers must increase their supply capacity. The result is that end–user energy costs continue to increase, therefore a growing need exists to reduce electrical energy demand in South Africa and internationally. Households account for the majority of electrical energy customers, but they only consume a fraction of the total energy supplied. The industrial sector and mines combined consume approximately 42% of the total electrical energy produced. Approximately 10% of this energy goes into compressed air production. This study focuses on methods of reducing the requirement of compressed air in industry so that the demand for electrical energy can be reduced. Many studies have focused on specific methods of reducing energy usage associated with compressed air production. These methods are categorised into methods of reducing compressed air requirements and methods of increasing compressed air supply efficiency. This study aims to combine these efforts into a single optimised solution. Although this study includes industry in general, the central focus is on the South African mining industry. Two different mining sites are considered and analysed as case studies. Methods of reducing energy required to produce compressed air were applied to each case study. Case Study 1 only allowed limited control of the compressed air system. In Case Study 2 integrated control was realised. Energy usage of compressors was reduced by 18.9% and 42.9% respectively. Results show that system savings can be doubled by combining different methods of reducing energy usage of compressed air. This, however, requires continuous monitoring and control of the air network at each section supplied with compressed air. The study is limited to achieving savings by changing the air system. Additional savings can be achieved by training personnel, altering schedules of production activities and implementing a system designed to locate air leaks. / Thesis (M.Ing. (Mechanical Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.

Sammanfattning 2017 års medelpris för el hamnade på cirka 30 öre per kWh. Det är åtta procent högre än för 2016 och hela 32 procent högre än 2015, då elpriset var väldigt lågt. 2017 års elpris är det högsta sedan 2013. Fortsättningsvis spår Bixia låga elpriser de kommande åren vilket beror på utbyggnaden av förnybar energi och att kärnkraftverket Olkilouto 3 i Finland tas i drift. Bixia räknar med att den nordiska elmarknaden kommer att ha en förstärkt energibalans fram till 2019. Efter år 2019 kommer energibalansen att försvagas, beroende på stängningen av Ringhals 1 och 2 och ökad export av el ut från Norden, säger Martina Rosenberg på Bixia. En försvagad energibalans innebär en högre prisnivå. Projektet syftar till att kartlägga omfattningen av energiförluster, i ett privat hushåll, till följd av transmission och därefter göra en bedömning om energibesparingsåtgärder, i form av tilläggsisolering och fönsterbyte, skulle vara en ekonomisk lönsam investering. Genom minskad energianvändning ger dessa investeringar ett positivt tillskott i energibalansen och kan även bidra till en bättre inomhusmiljö.   Projektet följer en metod där kvalitativa experiment har utförts genom mätningar på klimatskärmen. Denna mätning har gjorts med hjälp av en termografikamera där bilder har detekterat otätheter i klimatskärmen, så kallade köldbryggor. Energiförluster, till följd av transmission, har sedan beräknats med handberäkningsmetoder och utförts för en rad olika storheter, exempelvis värmeledningsmotstånd och värmegenomgångskoefficienter. Utöver detta har den specifika klimatskärmen delats upp i flera sektioner respektive skikt för att strukturerade beräkningar skulle kunna utföras enligt den beräkningsgång detta projekt efterföljt.   Undersökningen visar att åtgärderna bidrar till omkring 4 gånger mindre energiförluster gällande energifönster och 2 gånger mindre för väggen jämfört med värdena före åtgärder. Återbetalningstiden är dock betydligt längre för energifönstren då detta är en betydligt mer kostsam investering. För PVC-fönster landar återbetalningstiden på ca 27 år och för aluminiumbeklädda träfönster är återbetalningstiden i detta fall över 40 år mot ca 20 år för tilläggsisoleringen. / Abstract The 2017 average electricity price ended at around 30 Swedish “öre” per kWh. It is eight percent higher than in 2016 and 32 percent higher than in 2015, when the price for the electricity was much lower. The 2017 electricity price is the highest since 2013. Continuingly, Bixia's low electricity prices predict the next few years, which is due to the expansion of renewable energy and that the Olkilouto 3 nuclear power plant are put into use in Finland.   Bixia expects the Nordic electricity market to have a strengthened energy balance until 2019. After 2019, energy balance will weaken due to the closure of Ringhals 1 and 2 and increased exports of electricity from the Nordic countries, says Martina Rosenberg from Bixia. A weakened energy balance means a higher price level.   The project intention is to mapping the extent of energy losses, in a private household, due to transmission and subsequently assessing energy saving measures, in the form of additional insulation and exchange of windows, would be a profitable investment. Through reduced energy consumption, these investments provide a positive boost to the energy balance and can also contribute to a better indoor environment.   The project follows a method where qualitative experiments have been carried out through measurements on the climate screen. This measurement has been done by using a thermographic camera where images have detected thermal unevennesses in the climate screen that is called cold bridges. Energy losses due to transmission have then been calculated by hand calculation methods and performed for a variety of quantities, such as heat conductivity resistors and thermal coefficients. In addition, the specific climate screen has been divided into several sections and layers, so that structured calculations could be performed according to the calculation process followed by this project.   The survey shows that the measures contribute to is about 4 times less energy losses on energy windows and 2 times less for the wall than the pre-measure values. However, the repayment time is significantly longer for the energy windows, as this is a significantly more costly investment. For PVC windows, the repayment period is approximately 27 years. For aluminum clad wood windows, the repayment period in this case is over 40 years to about 20 years for the additional insulation.

The overarching question of this dissertation is in what ways complementary currencies (CC) systems can contribute to environmental sustainability from an institutional and ecological economics perspective. More particularly, the research focuses on household energy consumption, as it is an important target for policy makers in the EU. The first three chapters focus on the emerging trend of using CC systems as top-down instruments for environmental sustainability. Our findings relate to developing a taxonomy of these systems, designing new top-down CC systems adapted to the context of energy savings in the household sector, exploring the influence of these new systems on the quality of motivation in the light of Self-Determination Theory and investigating the acceptability and effectiveness of these systems. In the fourth and last chapter of this dissertation, we approach our research question from a bottom-up angle and, using an inductive methodology, we explore how community currencies could act as an organising instrument capable of helping cohousing communities achieve their energy-efficiency potential. Finally, we conclude by highlighting our contributions regarding the structure and important features of these systems, how they can be used in an ecological economics paradigm, and how they can set rules for collective action in an institutional perspective. / Doctorat en Sciences économiques et de gestion / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Linnéuniversitetet Sjöfartshögskolan i Kalmar Utbildningsprogram:                                                                          Drift- och underhållsteknik Arbetets omfattning:                                                                         Självständigt arbete om 15 HP Titel:                                                                     Kostnadsbesparing med avseende på energieffektiviserande åtgärder med avgränsning till fönsterbyte och tilläggsisolering. Författare:                                                                                             Fredrik Svensson och Johan Bengtsson Handledare:                                                                                          Henrik Wärnberg   Sammanfattning 2017 års medelpris för el hamnade på cirka 30 öre per kWh. Det är åtta procent högre än för 2016 och hela 32 procent högre än 2015, då elpriset var väldigt lågt. 2017 års elpris är det högsta sedan 2013. Fortsättningsvis spår Bixia låga elpriser de kommande åren vilket beror på utbyggnaden av förnybar energi och att kärnkraftverket Olkilouto 3 i Finland tas i drift. Bixia räknar med att den nordiska elmarknaden kommer att ha en förstärkt energibalans fram till 2019. Efter år 2019 kommer energibalansen att försvagas, beroende på stängningen av Ringhals 1 och 2 och ökad export av el ut från Norden, säger Martina Rosenberg på Bixia. En försvagad energibalans innebär en högre prisnivå. Projektet syftar till att kartlägga omfattningen av energiförluster, i ett privat hushåll, till följd av transmission och därefter göra en bedömning om energibesparingsåtgärder, i form av tilläggsisolering och fönsterbyte, skulle vara en ekonomisk lönsam investering. Genom minskad energianvändning ger dessa investeringar ett positivt tillskott i energibalansen och kan även bidra till en bättre inomhusmiljö.   Projektet följer en metod där kvalitativa experiment har utförts genom mätningar på klimatskärmen. Denna mätning har gjorts med hjälp av en termografikamera där bilder har detekterat otätheter i klimatskärmen, så kallade köldbryggor. Energiförluster, till följd av transmission, har sedan beräknats med handberäkningsmetoder och utförts för en rad olika storheter, exempelvis värmeledningsmotstånd och värmegenomgångskoefficienter. Utöver detta har den specifika klimatskärmen delats upp i flera sektioner respektive skikt för att strukturerade beräkningar skulle kunna utföras enligt den beräkningsgång detta projekt efterföljt.   Undersökningen visar att åtgärderna bidrar till omkring 4 gånger mindre energiförluster gällande energifönster och 2 gånger mindre för väggen jämfört med värdena före åtgärder. Återbetalningstiden är dock betydligt längre för energifönstren då detta är en betydligt mer kostsam investering. För PVC-fönster landar återbetalningstiden på ca 27 år och för aluminiumbeklädda träfönster är återbetalningstiden i detta fall över 40 år mot ca 20 år för tilläggsisoleringen. / Linnaeus University Kalmar Maritime AcademyEducation programs:                                          Operation and MaintenanceScope of work:                                                    Independent work of 15 HPTitle:                                                                          Cost savings with regard to energy efficiency                                          measures with delimitation of window change and additional insulationAuthor:                                                                Fredrik Svensson and Johan Bengtsson Supervisor:                                                          Henrik Wärnberg Abstract The 2017 average electricity price ended at around 30 Swedish “öre” per kWh. It is eight percent higher than in 2016 and 32 percent higher than in 2015, when the price for the electricity was much lower. The 2017 electricity price is the highest since 2013. Continuingly, Bixia's low electricity prices predict the next few years, which is due to the expansion of renewable energy and that the Olkilouto 3 nuclear power plant are put into use in Finland.   Bixia expects the Nordic electricity market to have a strengthened energy balance until 2019. After 2019, energy balance will weaken due to the closure of Ringhals 1 and 2 and increased exports of electricity from the Nordic countries, says Martina Rosenberg from Bixia. A weakened energy balance means a higher price level.   The project intention is to mapping the extent of energy losses, in a private household, due to transmission and subsequently assessing energy saving measures, in the form of additional insulation and exchange of windows, would be a profitable investment. Through reduced energy consumption, these investments provide a positive boost to the energy balance and can also contribute to a better indoor environment.   The project follows a method where qualitative experiments have been carried out through measurements on the climate screen. This measurement has been done by using a thermographic camera where images have detected thermal unevennesses in the climate screen that is called cold bridges. Energy losses due to transmission have then been calculated by hand calculation methods and performed for a variety of quantities, such as heat conductivity resistors and thermal coefficients. In addition, the specific climate screen has been divided into several sections and layers, so that structured calculations could be performed according to the calculation process followed by this project.   The survey shows that the measures contribute to is about 4 times less energy losses on energy windows and 2 times less for the wall than the pre-measure values. However, the repayment time is significantly longer for the energy windows, as this is a significantly more costly investment. For PVC windows, the repayment period is approximately 27 years. For aluminum clad wood windows, the repayment period in this case is over 40 years to about 20 years for the additional insulation.

Concevoir un bâtiment avec des préoccupations de confort et de maitrise de l'énergie est un enjeu primordial. Dans le contexte mondial alarmant, tant sur le plan énergétique que climatique, le secteur du bâtiment est pointé du doigt. En France, l'éclairage fait partie des mauvais élèves comparés aux autres pays européens. Le pays accuse un certain retard dans la qualité de l'éclairage tertiaire ou résidentiel en termes de performance énergétique, confort visuel ou santé au travail. L'organisation de « 2015, Année de la Lumière en France » par l'ONU, l'UNESCO et le CNOP montre qu'un changement tend à s'opérer dans les consciences. L'île de La Réunion, compte tenu de son fort gisement solaire, est une terre de choix pour expérimenter des dispositifs novateurs dans l'apport de lumière naturelle au sein des bâtiments. Pour cela, l'approche physique du phénomène offre des perspectives de prédiction où l'étude théorique d'aujourd’hui fera le bâtiment de demain. En débutant par une approche généraliste, ce manuscrit de thèse se veut être le plus exhaustif possible dans l'étude bibliographique, expérimentale et modélisation du comportement des DGLT-R (Dispositifs de Guides Lumineux Tubulaires Réfléchissants) appliqués au bâtiment. Notre prospection bibliographique nous a révélé que ce procédé est couramment commercialisé et installé à l'échelle internationale sur les bâtiments soucieux de leur impact environnemental ou du bien-être de leurs occupants. Cependant, la littérature montre également qu'ils sont peu étudiés et que les approches ne peuvent être appliquées à tous types de climats. Dans ce cadre, une étude expérimentale à échelle réelle, comprenant de nombreux scénarios, a été menée en vue de créer une base de données de mesures expérimentales unique et comprendre les phénomènes mis en jeu. La modélisation semi-empirique possède à la fois des atouts et des inconvénients. Forte de simplicité, elle reste toutefois limitée à une configuration ou un climat particulier. À cette problématique, ces travaux de recherche offrent une solution : un outil numérique de modélisation dédié, assurant la génération des modèles au départ de mesures à effectuer, nommé HEMERA. Il utilise la puissance des algorithmes génétiques pour offrir une solution efficace à un problème local. Le code de calcul CODYRUN est le support de validation du modèle généré pour le climat de La Réunion. Ce code de calcul bénéficie d'une expérience et d'un développement de plus de 20 ans au sein du laboratoire PIMENT. / Designing a building with comfort and energy conservation concerns is a key issue. In the alarming global context, both on energy-climate that the building sector is singled out. In France, the lighting is among the poor performers compared to other European countries. The country lags behind in quality tertiary or residential lighting in terms of energy performance, visual comfort or health. The organization of "2015, Année de la Lumière en France" by the ONU, UNESCO and the CNOP shows a change which tends to take place in the popular consciousness. Reunion Island, considering its strong solar radiation, is a land of choice to experiment with innovative devices in the contribution of daylight in buildings. For this purpose, the physical approach of the phenomenon provides prediction prospects, where the theoretical study of today will be tomorrow's building. Starting with a generalist approach, this PhD thesis aims to be as comprehensive as possible in the literature review, experimental and modelling study of the TDGS (Tubular Daylight Guide Systems) applied to the building. Our bibliographic survey has revealed that, this process is commonly marketed and installed internationally on the buildings concerned about their environmental impact or well-being of their occupants. However, the literature also shows they are poorly studied, and the approaches cannot be applied to all types of climates. In this context, a full-scale experimental study, including many scenarios was conducted to understand the phenomena involved.The semi-empirical modelling has both strengths and weaknesses. With simplicity, it remains limited to a configuration or a particular climate. In this issue, this research offers a solution: a numeric tool of dedicated modelling environment, ensuring the generation of the models according to need, called HEMERA. It uses the power of genetic algorithms to provide an effective solution to a local problem. The computer code CODYRUN is the support of the validation of the model developed as part of this work, and adjusted specifically for the climate of Reunion Island. This software profits an experience and a development of over 20 years in the PIMENT laboratory.

The current climate changes require a global response immediately. Every year the use of energy increases, which means that more and more greenhouse gases are released. Which in turn helps accelerate global warming. To reduce the energy use will not be an easy task for mankind. Household and service accounts for about 40% of Sweden’s energy use, and office buildings prove to be among the most energyintensive. Previous research shows that heat-, ventilation- and cooling systems along with lightning are the systems that provide the highest energy consumption and that there is also a great savings potential. In this study, the energy use of a property in a Swedish urban area has been investigated and how the energy is being used by the different systems has been identified. The purpose of this research is to see which measures can give the greatest cost-effective savings. Method used is a case study, which was an energy survey, combined with a literature review of relevant information. Data collection consisted of information from the property owner,inspection of the building and electricity measurements. The result shows that there are great savings to be made. If proposed measures are implemented (see section 4.6), energy consumption for heating can be reduced by 144,9 MWh/year or 32,4%. Energy used by lightning can be reduced by 46,8 MWh/year or 40,3%and other measures can be reduced by 41 MWh/year or 53%. Measures that can be performed for free were considered the most cost-effective, such as lowering the indoor temperature or turning off equipment between days. For measures with investment cost, isolation of the attic was considered most cost -effective with a payoff time of 5 years. To invest in sun cells would reduce the bought electricity with 56,8 MWh/yr. Due to lack of information, assumptions and simplifications were made that could have caused sources of error.

The thesis is focused on analyzing and evaluation of importance and potential of fast-growing woody species for specifics of Czech economy and local conditions. Thesis will inquire into applicability of each fast-growing species for Czech natural conditions. Further I will investigate opportunities of subvention from public authorities. Next part of thesis will be focused on all activities and processes during cultivation of fast-growing species from acquiring land to processing of wooden mass. For each activity will quantify costs of labor and physical capital during cultivation of fast-growing woody species for different subjects in Czech economy, like household owning a soil or company with unused outside areas. Thesis will be comparing possible energetic savings of profits for a number of alternatives with different energy prices development in ongoing years. Practical output of this thesis should not be only the compilation of all these information into one text, but above all also a complex formula which everyone can use for the calculation of his opportunities for cultivating of fast-growing woody species.

Orientador: Leandro Tiago Manera / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T15:58:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DellaLucia_FelipeLorenzo_D.pdf: 3577549 bytes, checksum: 4c1aa6af60e58052accce7e28ad2c314 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de um sistema sem fio de gestão de iluminação pública. Através do sistema desenvolvido, é possível controlar a potência de cada lâmpada de vapor de sódio de alta pressão dos postes de iluminação pública de determinada região. Desta maneira, nos horários em que as vias públicas se tornam menos utilizadas, é possível reduzir a potência e o brilho das lâmpadas e economizar energia elétrica. O sistema proposto utiliza o protocolo ZigBee para realizar a comunicação sem fio entre os módulos instalados nos postes. Este protocolo é baseado no protocolo IEEE 802.15.4 desenvolvido especialmente para redes de sensores sem fio e foca em baixo consumo de energia e transmissão da informação nó a nó da rede. Também é possível instalar sensores (luminosidade, umidade, etc.) nos módulos projetados e transformar cada unidade de iluminação pública em uma central de monitoramento de determinada região. Os resultados mostram que o sistema economiza energia, sendo possível reduzir a potência das lâmpadas em até 60% sem que o fator de potência do reator saia do valor mínimo estipulado na regulamentação (0,92). Os módulos desenvolvidos dão a opção ao operador de escolher a potência das lâmpadas em três valores distintos: 100%, 80% e 50% da potência nominal, sendo possível alterar estes valores conforme a necessidade do operador e do local onde o sistema será utilizado (condições de tráfego e segurança). O sistema foi testado em laboratório e em campo, em postes da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, onde ficou instalado pelo período entre 05/02/2014 e 01/04/2014. A potência das lâmpadas foi variada e medidas de iluminância e uniformidade foram realizadas na via. Foi possível concluir que o sistema é robusto, imune a interferências eletromagnéticas da rede de distribuição, e dá flexibilidade aos ajustes de iluminância e uniformidade de iluminação da via. O alcance de nó a nó da rede é, em média, de 260 m, o que torna a utilização do protocolo e do circuito desenvolvido adequados para esta aplicação, uma vez que a distância típica entre postes é de 30 a 40 metros. Estudos de viabilidade econômica foram realizados e mostram que o sistema é viável e apresenta taxas de retorno atrativas que dependem fortemente da tarifa de energia vigente / Abstract: This project presents the development of a wireless system for public street lighting management. Through the developed system, it is possible to control the power of each high pressure sodium lamp of the streetlights in a particular region. Thus, at times when the public streets become less utilized, it is possible to reduce the power and brightness of the lamps and save energy. The proposed system uses the ZigBee protocol to perform wireless communication between the modules installed on the lampposts. This protocol is based on IEEE 802.15.4 protocol, developed especially for wireless sensors networks and focus on low power consumption and data transmission node to node. It is also possible to install sensors (luminosity, humidity, etc.) in the designed modules and transform each unit of public lighting in a region into a monitoring station. The results show that the system saves energy and it is possible to reduce the lamp power by 64%, without reducing the ballast's power factor below the value stipulated in the regulation (0.92). The developed modules give the operator the option to choose the lamp power between three distinct values: 100%, 80% and 50% of rated nominal power, and it is also possible to change these values according to the operator's needs and the installment place characteristics (traffic usage, security). The system was tested in laboratory and on field, on the lampposts at State University of Campinas, where it remained installed in the period between February 5th and April 1st of 2014. The lamp power was varied and measurements of illuminance and uniformity were performed on the street. It was possible to conclude that the system is robust and immune to electromagnetic interference from the energy distribution grid, and gives flexibility for adjustments of brightness and uniformity of the street lighting. The reach node to node of the network is, on average 260 m, which makes the protocol and developed circuit adequate for this application, since the distance between lampposts is typically 30 to 40 meters. Economic viability studies have been conducted and show that the system is feasible and present attractive rates of return that depend heavily on the rate of current energy price / Doutorado / Eletrônica, Microeletrônica e Optoeletrônica / Doutor em Engenharia Elétrica

Europeiska kommissionen pekar ut fjärrvärme som ett viktigt verktyg för att möjliggöra användandet av bränslen och värme som annars skulle gått till spillo. Primärenergianvändningen kan därigenom minskas vilket leder till minskade koldioxidutsläpp och ett mer uthålligt energisystem. För att kunna konkurrera i pris med värmepumpar och privata värmepannor behöver dock energiförlusterna i fjärrvärmesystemen hållas nere och ett ständigt energieffektiviseringsarbete behöver därför bedrivas. Förhöjda returtemperaturer från fjärrvärmesystemets kundcentraler är ett vanligt problem som indikerar onödigt höga hetvattenflöden och leder till ökade värme- och pumpförluster. I detta arbete har en beräkningsmodell konstruerats för att uppskatta hur mycket energi som sparas om satsningar görs för att sänka returtemperaturen ifrån felande kundcentraler. Modellen applicerades på Visbys fjärrvärmesystem och visade att systemets värmeförluster kunde sänkas med 10 procent och dess pumpförluster halveras om 62 procent av kundcentralerna åtgärdades. Detta resulterar i en årlig besparing på över 1 000 000 SEK för fjärrvärmebolaget vilket, tillsammans med den initiala kostanden för åtgärderna och fjärrvärmebolagets investeringskalkylsränta, ger att satsningen genererar en vinst på 4 300 000 SEK sett över tio år. Dessa kundcentralsåtgärder kommer också leda till förbättrad värmeleveransförmåga till Visbys innerstad då flödesminskningen är omfattande i den delen av nätet. / The European Commission view district heating as an important technology for facilitating the use of fuels and heat that would have otherwise gone to waste. In this way the primary energy usage can be reduced which leads to reduced carbon dioxide emissions and a more resilient energy system. To be cost competitive compared to private heat pumps and boilers the energy losses in the district heating network needs to be constantly reduced. Elevated return temperatures from district heating substations is a common problem that indicates unnecessarily high flow of water through the heat exchangers, which leads to increased heat- and pressure losses in the network. In this study a framework of calculations has been constructed to estimate how much energy can be saved if measures are taken to reduce the return temperatures of underperforming district heating substations. The calculations are applied on the district heating network of the historical Swedish city of Visby on the island of Gotland. It is shown that the distribution heat losses could be reduced by 10 percent and the pumping power could be halved if 62 percent of all substations were to be fixed. This will result in annual savings of over 1 000 000 SEK for the district heating company which, together with the initial investment in substation maintenance and the company’s discount rate for investments, results in a total profit of 4 300 000 SEK over a ten-year period. Improved heat delivery capability to the medieval city center is also expected as the mass-flow reductions in that area are considerable.

Transportation has a major impact on our society and environment, contributing 70% of U.S petroleum use, 28% of U.S. greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, over 34,000 fatalities and 2.2 million injuries in 2013. Punitive approaches to used to tackle environmental issues in the transportation sector, such as congestion pricing have been well documented, although the use of incentives or rewards lags behind in comparison. In addition to the use of more fuel-efficient, alternate energy vehicles and various other energy reduction strategies; energy consumption can be lowered through incentivizing alternative modes of transportation. This paper focused on modifying travelers’ behavior by providing rewards to enable shifts to more energy-efficient modes, (e.g., from auto to either bus or bicycles). Optimization conditions are formulated for the problem to understand solution properties, and numerical tests are carried out to study the effects of system parameters (e.g., token budget and coefficient of tokens) on the optimal solutions (i.e., energy savings). The multinomial logit model is used to formulate the full problem, comprised of an objective function and constraint of a token budget ranging from $5,000-$10,000. Comparably, the full problem is computationally reduced by various parameterization strategies, in that the number of tokens assigned to all travelers’ is parameterized and proportional to the expected energy savings. An optimization solution algorithm is applied with a global and local solver to solve a lagrangian sub-problem and a duo of heuristic solution algorithms of the original problem. These were determined necessary to attain an optimal and feasible solution. Input data necessary for this analysis is obtained for the Town of Amherst, MA from the Pioneer Valley Planning Commission (PVPC). The results demonstrated strong evidence to conclude a positive correlation between the system’s energy savings and the aforementioned system parameters. The local and global solvers solution algorithm reduced the average energy consumption by 11.48% - 19.91% and12.79% – 21.09% consecutively for the identified token budget range from a base case scenario with no tokens assigned. The duo of lagrangian heuristic algorithms improved the full problems solution i.e., higher energy savings, when optimized over a local solver, while the parameterized problem formulations resulted in higher energy savings when compared to the full problems’ formulation solution over local solver, but higher energy savings compared over the global solver. The Computational run-time for the global and local solvers solution algorithm for the full problem formulation required 43 hours and 24 minutes consecutively, while the local solver for the lagrangian heuristics and parameterized problem solution algorithm took 13 minutes and 7 minutes consecutively. Future research on this paper will be comprised of a bi-level optimization problem formulation where a high level optimization aims at maximizing system-wide energy savings, while a low-level consumer surplus maximization problem is solved for each system user.