Keywords: Energy Audits, Energy Efficiency, Rational Use of Energy, Life cycle assessment, Hotel buildings, Net Zero Emissions Buildings, Renewable Energy,Solar Energy, Biomass, cogeneration (CHP). This PhD analyzes the touristic facilities and proposes improvements in the energy process production and management of hotels. During the last years there have been changes related to social, economic, legislation and environment aspects that have produced a change in building designs and the process and energy systems. The tourist sector has more than 50 years in the Balearic Island¿s and has reached a level of maturity than allows for analysis and rethinking on energy production schemes. For this reason it¿s important to find a criterion of typologies of hotels and innovate in the design, management and production of energy. This can result a tool to be used to designers in the initial phase, for choose the architecture than reduce more the environment impacts, and be used to the public administration, users and managers for taking correct decisions. / La tesi analitza els establiments turístics i vol proposar millores en els processos de producció igestió energètica dels equipaments turístics. En els darrers anys s’han produït canvissociambientals, econòmics i legislatius que han provocat un canvi en els edificis, fent ques’estableixin noves estratègies i dissenys en els processos i sistemes de producció energètica.El sector turístic te més de 50 anys d’implantació a les Illes Balears, ja ha arribat a un grau demaduresa suficient per poder ser analitzat i reflexionar sobre el seu futur en l’ús de l’energia. Ésper aquesta raó que trobar un criteri de tipologies d’hotels i propostes d’innovació en el disseny,la gestió i producció de l’energia pot resultar una eina que serveixi de suport tant alsdissenyadors en l’etapa inicial, per a tal de seleccionar l’arquitectura que redueixi els impactesambientals, com també serveixi a l’administració pública, als usuaris i gestors a l’hora deprendre decisions.

This work had as main objective to analyze the work safety in the constructive system in structural masonry, in comparison with the conventional constructive system. For that, they were studied the two constructive systems, describing your construction phases and analyzing for each, the equipments of individual and collective protection necessary. It was also made a study on the report and the current state of the work safety in this country in the last years besides a historical revision it was accomplished on structural masonry and your constructive means. Starting from this moment, the constructive process of two constructions was analyzed, an executed starting from the conventional and other system in structural masonry. For each one of them, was observed, in each constructive phase, the amount of work accidents happened. With the obtained data, it can he ended that, in the structural masonry, was reduced the amount of accidents, in comparison with the conventional system, and, starting from the there, with the graphic analysis, it was shown the phases more danger of the execution of a construction clearly. Finally, this work looked for to reduce the lack of studies on the work safety in the building site, especially in the structural masonry, in what tells respect the amount of accidents, and, besides, to present that, executing this constructive system, the amount of accidents is smaller. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal analisar a segurança do trabalho no sistema construtivo em alvenaria estrutural, em comparação ao sistema construtivo convencional. Para isso, foram estudados os dois sistemas construtivos, descrevendo as suas fases de construção e analisando para cada uma, os equipamentos de proteção individual e coletiva necessários. Também se fez um estudo sobre o histórico e o estado atual da segurança do trabalho no país nos últimos anos. A partir da pesquisa e de ter sido realizada uma revisão histórica sobre alvenaria estrutural e suas facilidades construtivas. A partir deste momento, analisou-se o processo construtivo de duas edificações: uma executada a partir do sistema convencional e outra em alvenaria estrutural. Para cada uma delas, observou-se em cada fase construtiva, a quantidade de acidentes de trabalho ocorrida. Com os dados obtidos, pode-se concluir que na alvenaria estrutural, reduziu-se a quantidade de acidentes, em comparação ao sistema convencional, e a partir daí, com a análise gráfica, mostrou-se claramente as fases mais periculosas da execução de uma edificação. Enfim, este trabalho buscou diminuir a carência de estudos sobre segurança do trabalho na construção civil, especialmente na alvenaria estrutural, no que diz respeito a quantidade de acidentes, e além disso, apresentar que, executando este sistema construtivo, a quantidade de acidentes é consideravelmente menor.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:27:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 5560855 bytes, checksum: 0c79ed0415d735fd465a255031f6750a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-07-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research presents the development of equipment for CRS tests with controlled suction and tests with artificially cemented unsatured soils. It was designed and constructed four apparatus at the geotechnical laboratory of the Federal University of Viçosa. The cells have an interchangeable high air entry value ceramic disc on its base. It was also designed a software for data acquisition and an apparatus for measurement of the volume of water dislocated from the sample. It was used two residual soils from Minas Gerais. Samples prepared by compaction were used in order to assure homogeneity and to avoid deviations in test results and interpretation. The tests were carried out with different levels of applied suction. Part of the samples was prepared with the addition of different amounts of Portland cement to simulate soil matrix. After cure, these samples added with cement were saturated and subjected to CRS compression tests, using the consolidation test apparatus developed. It was noticed a structure failure at low-tension levels because of the sample elaboration method. The equipment was testified as functional. / Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento de equipamentos para ensaios CRS com sucção controlada e ensaios em solos não saturados cimentados artificialmente. Foram projetadas e construídas quatro células no Laboratório de Geotecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. As células têm em sua base uma pedra porosa, de alto valor de entrada de ar, intercambiável. Também foram desenvolvidos um aparato de medição de volume de água deslocado do corpo-de-prova e um programa para aquisição de dados. Utilizaram-se dois solos residuais jovens de Minas Gerais. Foram usadas amostras remoldadas por compactação com o intuito de assegurar a homogeneidade e evitar desvios nos resultados dos testes e na interpretação dos dados. Os ensaios foram conduzidos com diferentes níveis de sucção. Parte das amostras foi preparada com a adição de teores de cimento Portland pra gerar uma estruturação no solo. Após o período de cura, as amostras com adição de cimento foram saturadas e submetidas ao ensaio CRS, usando os aparatos desenvolvidos. Observou-se uma quebra da estrutura com baixos níveis de tensão devido ao método adotado na elaboração das amostras. Constatou-se um bom funcionamento dos equipamentos desenvolvidos.

Aquesta Societat volia assolir l'objectiu d'incloure Barcelona i per extensió tota Catalunya dins dels circuits europeus de turisme. Creia que el turisme era una forma de modernitzar Catalunya, a més d'una manera d'enriquir-la cultural i econòmicament. I naturalment el referent era Europa perquè representa el desenvolupament industrial, i molt particularment França, que es el mirall on es vol que Catalunya es vegi reflectida, ja que era un dels països que més es preparava pel foment del turisme. Això provocà que conflueixin en aquesta Societat personatges molt compromesos amb aquesta idea de modernització i que bastants estiguessin propers a l'ideari de la Lliga Regionalista de Catalunya. La rellevància d'aquesta Societat es fomentar el turisme quan pocs creien en aquesta activitat, quan tot estava per fer, i emmarcar-la dins d'un projecte més global de modernització de l'economia catalana. / This society aimed at including Barcelona and, by extension, all of Catalonia, within European tours. It believed that tourism was a way to modernise Catalonia in addition to enriching it financially and culturally speaking. It goes without saying that the referent was Europe, envisaged as a symbol of industrial development, and particularly France, which became the mirror on which Catalonia wanted to reflect its own image as it was one of the countries that was already excelling in tourist promotion. This would explain why the society gathered together a number of important people that showed a commitment towards this idea of modernisation, some of them with ideas particularly close to the ideology of the Regionalist League of Catalonia. The importance of this society was the role it played in tourist promotion at a time when only a few believed in the power of this relatively-new practice and to include it within a more general project of modernisation of the Catalan economy.