Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-04T13:53:16Z No. of bitstreams: 2 lidiane_guedes_oliveira.pdf: 705674 bytes, checksum: 7f2a8cdcec73417a5a58f7784fffca1d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2016-01-04T13:53:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 lidiane_guedes_oliveira.pdf: 705674 bytes, checksum: 7f2a8cdcec73417a5a58f7784fffca1d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-04T13:53:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 lidiane_guedes_oliveira.pdf: 705674 bytes, checksum: 7f2a8cdcec73417a5a58f7784fffca1d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (Capes) / Evid?ncias cient?ficas cumulativas sugerem que os ?cidos graxos monoinsaturados (MUFAs) diet?ticos reduzem fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de desordens metab?licas, as quais causam muitas doen?as cr?nicas n?o transmiss?veis (DCNT), tais como o diabetes n?o insulinodependente e as cardiovasculares. O ?leo de pequi (Caryocar brasiliense) apresenta em sua composi??o predom?nio de ?cidos graxos monoinsaturados e carotenoides antioxidantes, os quais t?m sido tamb?m relacionados ? redu??o do risco para DCNT. Entretanto, ainda s?o escassos na literatura estudos que avaliem efeitos fisiol?gicos do ?leo de pequi dentro da perspectiva de alimento funcional, ou seja, associado ? dieta usual e h?bitos saud?veis de vida, dentre os quais se destaca o exerc?cio f?sico regular. Diante desse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi pesquisar a influ?ncia da ingest?o do ?leo de pequi associada ao exerc?cio f?sico aer?bio regular (EFAR), sobre vari?veis relacionadas ao crescimento, ao metabolismo e par?metros cardiovasculares de ratos, desde est?gios iniciais de vida (p?s-desmame) at? o in?cio da vida adulta (20 semanas de vida). O protocolo experimental consistiu de quatro grupos (n=8) de ratos Wistar machos: CS - animais que receberam ra??o; CT - receberam ra??o e EFAR; OS - receberam ra??o suplementada com ?leo de pequi (2,25/100g = +50% do conte?do lip?dico da ra??o) e OT - receberam ra??o suplementada com ?leo de pequi e EFAR. O EFAR foi realizado em piscina, em intensidades e cargas progressivas, e a dieta fornecida ad libitum durante 15 semanas. A ingest?o alimentar e o peso corporal foram monitorados durante o per?odo experimental para os c?lculos da ingest?o alimentar e cal?rica, do ganho de peso, do coeficiente de efici?ncia alimentar (CEA%) e do ?ndice de massa corporal (IMC). A press?o arterial sist?lica (PAS) e a frequ?ncia card?aca (FC) foram aferidas no in?cio e na ?ltima semana do experimento. No ?ltimo dia, os animais foram eutanasiados, as cavidades abdominais e tor?cicas foram abertas para coleta de amostras. Os cora??es foram retirados e o ?ndice de contratilidade (+dP/dt) e relaxamento (-dP/dt) card?aco foram analisados pela t?cnica de cora??o isolado. Foram determinados: (a) o comprimento da t?bia esquerda; (b) os pesos absolutos e relativos do f?gado, p?ncreas e cora??o e de toda a gordura das regi?es epididimal e retroperitoneal; (c) as concentra??es plasm?ticas de colesterol (COL), lipoprote?na de alta densidade (HDL), triglicer?deos (TG), glicose, insulina, o ?ndice HOMA e a raz?o COL/HDL; (d) as concentra??es hep?ticas de COL e TG. Observou-se que a associa??o do ?leo de pequi ao EFAR n?o influenciou de maneira significativa par?metros relacionados ao crescimento (ingest?o alimentar e cal?rica, peso corporal, CEA, peso de ?rg?os, comprimento da t?bia), a PAS e FC, a glicemia e a raz?o COL/HDL. No entanto, foi essencial para evitar o ac?mulo de gordura na regi?o visceral, a eleva??o nos n?veis de insulina plasm?tica e no ?ndice HOMA-IR provocados pela ingest?o isolada do ?leo de pequi. Por outro lado, a associa??o da ingest?o do ?leo de pequi ao EFAR melhorou a capacidade de contra??o e relaxamento card?acos. Assim, podemos inferir que a ingest?o do ?leo de pequi, quando associada ? pr?tica regular de exerc?cios aer?bios, pode favorecer, sobretudo, a fun??o card?aca sem exercer efeitos delet?rios no crescimento e em vari?veis relacionadas ao metabolismo lip?dico e glic?dico. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa Multic?ntrico de P?s-gradua??o em Ci?ncias Fisiol?gicas, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2014. / ABSTRACT Cumulative evidence suggests that dietary monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) reduce risk factors for metabolic disorders, which lead to many chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as cardiovascular and non-insulin-dependent diabetes. Pequi oil (Caryocar brasiliense) is high in monounsaturated fatty acids and antioxidant carotenoids, which have also been associated to reduced risk for NCDs. However, there is lacking of studies evaluating pequi oil physiological effects from the perspective of being a functional food, which means, associated to a usual diet and a healthy lifestyle, being the regular physical exercise a part of it. In this context, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of pequi oil intake, associated to regular aerobic physical exercise (RAPE) on variables related to growth, metabolism and on cardiovascular parameters of rats, from early stages of life (post weaning) to early adulthood (20 weeks old). The experimental protocol consisted of four groups (n = 8) of male Wistar rats: CS - animals fed chow; CT - received chow and RAPE; OS - received chow added pequi oil (2.25 / 100g =+50% of the chow lipid content) and OT - received chow added pequi oil and RAPE. The RAPE was held in a pool at intensities and progressive loading, and the diets were fed ad libitum for 15 weeks. Food intake and body weight were monitored throughout the experimental period to determine food and caloric intake, weight gain, feed efficiency ratio (FER%) and body mass index (BMI). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) were measured at baseline and in the last week of the experiment. On the last day, animals were euthanized and the abdominal and thoracic cavities were opened for sampling. Hearts were removed and the contractility (+dP/dt) and relaxation (-dP/dt) indexes were analyzed by the isolated heart technique. It were determined: (a) The left tibia length (b) the relative liver, pancreas and hearts weights and the retroperitoneal and epididimal fat pad weights; (c) plasma concentrations of cholesterol (COL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR index and COL/HDL ratio; (d) hepatic TG and COL levels. The association of pequi oil intake to RAPE did not influence significantly growth (food and caloric intake, body weight, FER%, organ weights, tibia length), SBP and HR, blood glucose and COL/HDL ratio. However, it prevented fat accumulation in the visceral region and plasma insulin and HOMA-IR increases caused by the pequi oil intake solely. Moreover, the pequi oil intake associated to RAPE improved the heart contraction and relaxation ability. Thus, we can infer that pequi oil intake, when associated to RAPE can improve mainly cardiac function without exerting deleterious effects on growth and on glucose and lipid metabolism.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:13:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PatriciaULCa_DISSERT.pdf: 2743414 bytes, checksum: fafad318359f9c84684ded266ac5c9d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-03-24 / The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of an aerobic exercise program on the internal right carotid resistive index (IRCRI) and the functional autonomy levels of elderly women. The sample was composed of 25 elderly sedentary women, aged between 60 and 75 years, allocated into two groups: an experimental group consisting of 14 women submitted to aerobic treatment and a control group (n=11). Carotid artery resistance assessment was conducted using Doppler ultrasound and functional autonomy by the following tests: 10m walk (10mW), rising from a sitting position (RSP), rising from a chair and moving about the house (RCMH), rising from the ventral decubitus position (RVDP) and putting on and removing a t-shirt (PRTS). Aerobic training consisted of walking 30 minutes a day, 3 times a week, for 3 months. To control the intensity of the walk, the index of perceived exertion was used, with standardized Borg scale values corresponding to 13-15 points, characterized as slightly tiring exercise with training heart rate (TRH) between 50% and 80% of heart rate reserve (HRR). Repeated measures ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Compared to the control, the experimental group obtained a statistically significant decrease in right internal carotid resistance (p = 0.021) and a significant increase in the following tests: 10mW (p=0.000), RSP (p=0.035) and RCMH (p=0.016). These results suggest that engaging in aerobic exercises was effective in decreasing IRCRI and improving functional autonomy inelderly women / Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar os efeitos de um programa de exerc?cio f?sico aer?bico sobre o ?ndice de resist?ncia da art?ria car?tida interna direita (IRCID) e os n?veis de autonomia funcional de mulheres idosas. A amostra foi constitu?da por 25 idosas sedent?rias, com idade entre 60 e 75 anos, divididas em dois grupos: grupo experimental com 14 idosas submetidas ao treinamento aer?bico e grupo controle (n=11). A avalia??o da resist?ncia da art?ria car?tida foi realizada pelo m?todo de ultrasom Doppler e a autonomia funcional pelos testes: caminhar 10m (C10m), levantar da posi??o sentada (LPS), levantar-se da cadeira e locomover-se pela casa (LCLC), levantar-se da posi??o dec?bito ventral (LPDV) e vestir e tirar a camisa (VTC). O treinamento aer?bico foi realizado na forma de caminhada, 30 minutos por dia, 3 vezes por semana, durante 3 meses. Para o controle da intensidade da caminhada foi utilizado o ?ndice de esfor?o percebido, com valores padronizados pela escala de Borg onde a intensidade deveria corresponder a uma faixa entre os valores 13 a 15 pontos, correspondente a uma situa??o org?nica derivada de um exerc?cio compreendido como ligeiramente cansativo e a frequ?ncia card?aca de treino (FCT) entre 50% a 80% da frequ?ncia card?aca de reserva. Para analise estat?stica foi utilizado a ANOVA de medidas repetidas. O grupo experimental quando comparados com o grupo controle obteve uma diminui??o estatisticamente significativa na resist?ncia da art?ria car?tida interna direita (p=0,021), e um aumento significativo nos testes: C10m (p=0,000), LPS (p=0,035) e no LCLC (p=0,016). Estes resultados sugerem que a pr?tica de exerc?cios f?sicos aer?bicos foi eficaz em diminuir o IRCID e melhorar os n?veis de autonomia funcional em mulheres idosa

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-07-04T14:08:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeresaCristinaBatistaDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2035837 bytes, checksum: 9e4bbb8e58581fb11c89382b14e4a5b1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-07-13T14:55:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeresaCristinaBatistaDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2035837 bytes, checksum: 9e4bbb8e58581fb11c89382b14e4a5b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-13T14:55:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeresaCristinaBatistaDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2035837 bytes, checksum: 9e4bbb8e58581fb11c89382b14e4a5b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Introdu??o: estudos demonstram a ocorr?ncia de hipotens?o p?s-exerc?cio (HPE) ap?s ~60 minutos de exerc?cio intervalado de alta intensidade (EIAI) em normotensos. Entretanto, existe uma lacuna no que se refere a HPE ambulatorial e ainda n?o ? conhecido se os modelos de EIAI de baixo volume s?o capazes de reduzir a press?o arterial (PA) ambulatorial em normotensos. Objetivo: investigar o efeito de uma sess?o de EIAI de baixo volume sobre a PA ambulatorial de normotensos. M?todos: vinte e um homens normotensos (23,6 ? 3,6 anos; 23,5 ? 2,3 kg/m2; PA de repouso 111,1 ? 6,4 / 62,4 ? 6,1 mmHg) realizaram: (i) teste incremental m?ximo; (ii) sess?o EIAI e controle (sem exerc?cio) em ordem randomizada. O EIAI consistiu de 10x60s a 100% da velocidade m?xima atingida no teste de esfor?o intercalado com 60s de recupera??o passiva. Os sujeitos permaneceram 20h com o aparelho de Monitoriza??o Ambulatorial da Press?o Arterial (MAPA). Foram avaliadas 13h de vig?lia e 7h de sono. O teste t de Student pareado foi utilizado para comparar a PA sist?lica e diast?lica entre as sess?es controle e EIAI. A ANOVA two-way (condi??o vs. tempo) foi usada para comparar a PA ambulatorial hora a hora ap?s as sess?es controle e EIAI. Resultados: a PA sist?lica no per?odo de 20h de an?lise reduziu 2,8 ? 3,7 mmHg e a PA diast?lica reduziu 1,7 ? 3,5 mmHg ap?s a sess?o de EIAI em rela??o ? sess?o controle (p<0,05). No per?odo da vig?lia, a PA sist?lica reduziu 3,2 ? 3,7 mmHg e a PA diast?lica 1,8 ? 3,9 mmHg ap?s a sess?o de EIAI em rela??o ? sess?o controle (p<0,05). N?o houve diferen?a na PA sist?lica e diast?lica durante o per?odo do sono (p>0,05). A ANOVA two-way demostrou que a PA sist?lica foi menor nas primeiras cinco horas ap?s a sess?o EIAI comparada a sess?o controle [delta m?nimo: -3,2 mmHg; delta m?ximo: -4,8 mmHg (p<0,05)]. Conclus?es: uma sess?o de EIAI de baixo volume reduziu a PA na vig?lia e no per?odo de 20h em normotensos. A hipotens?o em maior magnitude ocorrida nas primeiras cinco horas p?s-exerc?cio parecer explicar a redu??o da PA na vig?lia e no per?odo de 20h. / Introduction: Previous research have already shown the occurrence of post-exercise hypotension (PEH) after ~60 minutes of high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) in normotensive subjects. However, there is a gap with regard to ambulatory PEH and it is not yet knowns if the low-volume HIIE reduces ambulatory blood pressure (BP) in normotensive subjects. Objective: To investigate the effect of a single session of low-volume HIIE on ambulatory BP in normotensive subjects. Methods: Twenty-one normotensive males (23.6 ? 3.6 years, 23.5 ? 2.3 kg/m2, resting PA 111.1 ? 6.4 / 62.4 ? 6.1 mmHg) performed: (i) maximum incremental test; (ii) HIIE and control sessions in a randomized order. The HIIE consisted of 10x60s at 100% of maximal velocity interspersed by 60s of passive recovery. The paired sample t-test was used to compare systolic and diastolic BP between control and HIIE sessions. A two-way ANOVA (condition vs. time) was used to compare the ambulatory BP response hour to hour following the control and HIIE sessions. Results: Systolic BP in the 20-hour analysis reduced 2.8 ? 3.7 mmHg and diastolic BP reduced 1.7 ? 3.5 mmHg after the HIIE session compared to the control session (p<0.05). In the awake period, systolic BP decreased 3.2 ? 3.7 mmHg and diastolic BP 1.8 ? 3.9 mmHg after the HIIE session compared to the control session (p<0.05). There was no difference in the systolic and diastolic BP during the asleep period (p> 0.05). The two-way ANOVA demonstrated that systolic BP was lower in the first five hours after the HIIE session compared to the control session [minimum delta: -3.2 mmHg; maximum delta: -4.8 mmHg (p <0.05)]. Conclusion: A single session of low-volume HIIE reduces ambulatory BP in normotensive. The greater magnitude of hypotension during the first five hours post-exercise seems to explain the BP reduction in 20h and awake periods.

Submitted by Celso Magalhaes (celsomagalhaes@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-12T18:08:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Julia Dias Villas Boas.pdf: 1378660 bytes, checksum: 2a1537e1b92056b0327c8e50b73feb34 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-12T18:08:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Julia Dias Villas Boas.pdf: 1378660 bytes, checksum: 2a1537e1b92056b0327c8e50b73feb34 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-28 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / The horse has a natural predisposition for the sport, however, its use in competitions can result in stress related problems that impair its sporting performance and especially its health. In this way it is fundamental not only to understand how the different risk and resilience factors to different stressors influence the response to stress, but also to develop strategies that can prevent or minimize the deleterious effects of stress. In this sense, acupuncture is an ancient technique of Traditional Chinese Medicine that has been used in the treatment and prevention of stress-related diseases. The present study proposed the use of two models of stress: one physical (physical exercise) and another psychological (startle model) to verify the reactivity to the stress of athletes horses. In addition, it was also evaluated if horses of different sporting modalities present different psychological stress responses and if acupuncture can alter the responses to physical stress. In the experiment 1, 16 Thoroughbred race horses were submitted to a exercise in the field of high intensity and short duration (12 m / s, 4 min). The RR intervals for analysis of the Heart Rate Variability were acquired through the Polar Equine ? heart rate monitor and blood samples were collected before and immediately after 2h, 4h, 6h, and 24h after exercise. The exercise promoted autonomic alterations in the sympatho-vagal balance since it significantly increased the low frequency component (LF), the heart rate and the LF / HF ratio, and decreased the high frequency component (HF) (p <0.01). There was an increase in hematocrit, plasma proteins, glucose and plasma lactate immediately after exercise (p <0.001). There was an increase (p <0.01) in serum cortisol values after 30 minutes, returning to baseline values after 60 min. However, no significant difference was observed in plasma cytokines IL-1? and IL-6 between moments after exercise and baseline. In experiment 2, horses of the experimental group 1 after exercise were randomly divided into two groups: CTL (C2): Control (without manipulation) and ACUP (C2)): animals submitted to weekly sessions of acupuncture at points VG1, C7, VG20 and B52 for 10 weeks. After the treatment period the animals repeated the same exercise and the same parameters were analyzed. Acupuncture reduced the LF / HF ratio, promoting a faster recovery of the animals, showing no influence on the other parameters analyzed. In the experiment 3, 24 equines were used, from three equestrian modes: Polo (PSI) (n = 9), Dressage (Brazilian Horse Riding) (n = 6) and Endurance (n=6) were subjected to the experimental model of startling through the abrupt opening of an umbrella. The results showed that endurance horses presented a significantly less intense startle-induced autonomic response than Polo and Dressage horses (lower LF / HF ratio at the time of the jump), paradoxically Enduro horses have cortisol levels in response in response to the startle than Polo horses. However, there was no difference between the modalities in the behavioral response after the startle, and Polo horses had significantly higher baseline levels of cortisol than the other modalities and did not change their cortisol levels in response to stress. Thus, we can conclude that 1) the exercise in the field of high intensity and short duration promoted adaptive changes characteristic of stress, being able to be used in studies of reactivity to stress in race horses; 2) acupuncture has a modulating effect on the stress-induced autonomic response in athletic horses, and 3) the equestrian modalities of Dressage, Polo and Endurance present different stress reactivity / O cavalo tem uma predisposi??o natural para o esporte, no entanto, o seu uso em competi??es pode resultar em problemas relacionados ao estresse que prejudicam seu desempenho esportivo e principalmente a sua sa?de. Desta forma ? fundamental n?o apenas entender como os diferentes fatores de risco e de resili?ncia a diferentes estressores influenciam a resposta ao estresse, como tamb?m desenvolver estrat?gias que possam prevenir ou minimizar os efeitos delet?rios do estresse. Neste sentido a acupuntura ? uma t?cnica milenar da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa que tem sido utilizada no tratamento e preven??es de doen?as relacionadas ao estresse. O presente estudo prop?s o uso de dois modelos de estresse: um f?sico (exerc?cio f?sico) e outro psicol?gico (modelo de sobressalto) para verificar a reatividade ao estresse de cavalos atletas. Al?m disso, tamb?m foi avaliado se cavalos de diferentes modalidades esportivas apresentam respostas ao estresse de psicol?gico distintas e se acupuntura pode alterar as respostas ao estresse f?sico. No experimento 1, 16 equinos de corrida da ra?a Puro Sangue Ingl?s foram submetidos ao exerc?cio a campo de alta intensidade e curta dura??o (12 m/s, 4min). Os intervalos RR para an?lise da Variabilidade da Frequencia Card?aca foram adquiridos atrav?s do frequenc?metro card?aco Polar Equine? e as amostras de sangue foram coletadas antes e, imediatamente, 2h, 4h, 6h, e 24h ap?s o exerc?cio. O exerc?cio promoveu altera??es auton?micas no balan?o simpato-vagal uma vez que aumentou significativamente o componente de baixa frequ?ncia (LF), a frequ?ncia card?aca e a raz?o LF/HF e diminuiu o componente de alta frequ?ncia (HF) (p < 0.01). Houve aumento do hemat?crito, das prote?nas plasm?ticas, glicose e lactato plasm?tico imediatamente ap?s o exerc?cio (p < 0.001). Houve aumento (p<0.01) nos valores s?ricos de cortisol ap?s 30 minutos, retornando aos valores basais ap?s 60min. No entanto, n?o foi observado diferen?a significativa nas citocinas plasm?ticas IL-1? e IL-6 entre os momentos ap?s exerc?cio e o momento basal. No experimento 2: os equinos do experimento 1 ap?s o exerc?cio foram aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos: CTL (C2): Controle (sem manipula??o) e ACUP (C2)ACUP (C2): animais submetidos a sess?es semanais de acupuntura nos pontos VG1, C7, VG20 e B52 durante 10 semanas. Ap?s o per?odo de tratamento os animais repetiram o mesmo exerc?cio e foram analisados os mesmos par?metros. A acupuntura reduziu a raz?o LF/HF, promovendo uma recupera??o mais r?pida dos animais n?o apresentando influ?ncia nos demais par?metros analisados. No experimento 3, foram utilizados 24 equinos, pertencentes a tr?s modalidades equetres: P?lo (ra?a PSI) (n=9), Adestramento (ra?a Brasileiro de Hipismo) (n=6) e Enduro (Puro Sangue ?rabe) (n=9) submetidos ao modelo experimental de sobressalto atrav?s da abertura abrupta de um guarda-chuva. Os resultados mostraram que cavalos de enduro apresentaram resposta auton?mica induzida pelo sobressalto significativamente menos intensa que cavalos de Polo e Adestramento (menor raz?o LF/HF no momento do sobressalto), paradoxalmente cavalos de Enduro possuem n?veis de cortisol em resposta ao sobressalto mais altos que cavalos de Polo. N?o houve diferen?a entre as modalidades na resposta comportamental ap?s o sobressalto, no entanto cavalos de P?lo apresentam n?veis basais de cortisol significativamente mais altos que as demais modalidades e n?o variaram seus n?veis de cortisol em resposta ao estresse. Dessa forma, podemos concluir que 1) o exerc?cio a campo de alta intensidade e curta dura??o promoveu altera??es adaptativas caracter?stica de estresse, podendo ser utilizado em estudos de reatividade ao estresse em cavalos de corrida; 2) a acupuntura tem um efeito modulador da resposta auton?mica induzida pelo estresse em cavalos atletas e 3) as modalidades equestres de Adestramento, Polo e enduro apresentam reatividade ao estresse distintas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaPLM.pdf: 607381 bytes, checksum: 38ed8ff61bb80d4aa7e083e73b98e3f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-04 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The sleep onset and offset delay at adolescence in relation to childhood. Besides biological causes, some external factors as academic obligations and socialization contributes, increasing the burden of school and socialization. However, morning school schedules reduce sleep duration. Besides light strong effect, studies in humans have indicated that exercise influence circadian synchronization. To evaluate the effect of the morning exercise under sunlight on sleep-wake cycle (SWC) of adolescents, 160 high school students (11th year) were exposed to the following conditions: lesson in usual classroom (Group C), lesson in swimming pool exposed to sunlight (Group E), half of them carrying through physical activity (EE) and the other resting (EL). Each experimental group met two stages: assessment of SWC 1 week before and 1 week during the intervention, which was held in Monday and Wednesday between 7:45 and 8:30 am. In the baseline, there were applied the questionnaires "Health and Sleep" and cronotype evaluation (H & O). In addition, students were evaluated before and during the intervention by "Sleep Diary", "Karolinska Sleepiness Scale" (KSS), Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) and actimetry. During the intervention, there was a delay in wake-up time on the weekend and a trend to greater sleep duration on week for the three groups. At the weekend, only the groups EE and EL increased sleep duration. There was no difference in bedtime, irregularity of sleep schedules and nap variables. The sleepiness showed a circadian pattern characterized by higher alertness levels at 11:30 am and sleepiness levels at bedtime and wake-up time on week. On weekends there were higher levels of alertness in these times. In the days of intervention, there was an increase of sleepiness at 11:30 am for groups EL and EE, which may have been caused by a relaxing effect of contact with the water of the pool. In addition, the group EE showed higher alert levels at 14:30 pm on Monday and at 8:30 am in the Wednesday, possibly caused by exercise arousal effect. The reaction time assessed through the TPV did not vary between the stages. The sleep quality improved in the three groups in the second stage, making impossible the evaluation of intervention effect. However, the sleep quality increased on Monday and Tuesday only on the group EE. From the results, it is suggested that the intervention promoted effects on the sleepiness at some day hours. In other SWC variables there were no effects, possibly due to a large SWC irregularity on weekends. Thus, the evaluation of higher weekly frequency EF is necessary, since only two days were insufficient to promote greater effect on adolescents SWC / Na adolesc?ncia h? uma tend?ncia a dormir e acordar mais tarde em rela??o ? inf?ncia. Embora esta caracter?stica tenha causas biol?gicas, alguns fatores externos podem favorec?-la: como o aumento da carga escolar e da socializa??o. No sentido contr?rio os hor?rios escolares matutinos representam um dos grandes fatores respons?veis pela priva??o parcial de sono. Ainda que a exposi??o ? luz seja considerada o regulador mais importante do sistema circadiano em mam?feros, estudos em seres humanos indicaram que o exerc?cio f?sico influencia a sincroniza??o circadiana. Por isso, o objetivo do nosso trabalho ? avaliar o efeito do exerc?cio f?sico matinal sob luz solar no ciclo vig?lia-sono (CVS) de adolescentes. O estudo contou com a participa??o de 160 alunos do ensino m?dio (1? e 2? ano), expostos ?s seguintes condi??es: aula na sala habitual (Grupo C), aula na piscina exposto ? luz solar (Grupo E), metade em exerc?cio f?sico (EE) e outra em repouso (EL). Cada grupo experimental cumpriu duas etapas: avalia??o do CVS 1 semana antes e 1 semana durante a interven??o, que foi realizada na 2? e 4? feira entre 7:45 e 8:30 h. Na linha de base foram aplicados os question?rios Sa?de e Sono e de avalia??o do cronotipo (H&O). Al?m disso, os alunos foram avaliados antes e durante a interven??o pelo Di?rio de sono , Escala de Sonol?ncia de Karolinska (ESK), Teste de vigil?ncia psicomotora (TPV) e actimetria. Durante a interven??o, houve atraso no hor?rio de acordar no fim de semana e tend?ncia a maior dura??o do sono na semana nos tr?s grupos. No fim de semana, apenas os grupos EE e EL passaram a dormir mais. N?o houve diferen?a no hor?rio de dormir, na irregularidade dos hor?rios de sono e nas vari?veis do cochilo. A sonol?ncia apresentou um padr?o circadiano caracterizado por maior alerta ?s 11:30 h e maior sonol?ncia nos hor?rios de acordar e dormir na semana, e menor sonol?ncia nos finais de semana. Nos dias de interven??o, houve um aumento da sonol?ncia ?s 11:30 h para os grupos EE e EL, que pode ter sido decorrente de um efeito relaxante do contato com a ?gua da piscina. Al?m disso, o grupo EE apresentou maiores n?veis de alerta ?s 14:30 h na 2? feira e ?s 8:30 h na 4? feira, possivelmente decorrentes de um efeito ativacional do exerc?cio. O tempo de rea??o avaliado por meio do TPV n?o variou entre as etapas. A qualidade do sono melhorou nos tr?s grupos na 2? etapa, impossibilitando avaliar o efeito da interven??o. Entretanto, houve melhora na qualidade do sono na 2? e 3? feira apenas para o grupo EE. A partir dos resultados, sugere-se que a interven??o promoveu efeitos sobre a sonol?ncia em alguns hor?rios. Nas outras vari?veis n?o foram observados efeitos, possivelmente devido a uma grande irregularidade no CVS nos finais de semana. Faz- se necess?rio ampliar o estudo com a realiza??o de exerc?cio f?sico numa freq??ncia semanal maior, visto que apenas dois dias foram insuficientes para promover maiores efeitos no CVS dos adolescentes