Dealing with the electromagnetic issue might bring a sort of discontinuous and nondifferentiable regions. Thus, it is of great interest to implement an appropriate optimisation approach, which can preserve the computational resources and come up with a global optimum. While not being trapped in local optima, as well as the feasibility to overcome some other matters such as nonlinear and phenomena of discontinuous with a large number of variables. Problems such as lengthy computation time, constraints put forward for antenna requirements and demand for large computer memory, are very common in the analysis due to the increased interests in tackling high-scale, more complex and higher-dimensional problems. On the other side, demands for even more accurate results always expand constantly. In the context of this statement, it is very important to find out how the recently developed optimization roles can contribute to the solution of the aforementioned problems. Thereafter, the key goals of this work are to model, study and design low profile antennas for wireless and mobile communications applications using optimization process over a computational electromagnetics numerical solution. The numerical solution method could be performed over one or hybrid methods subjective to the design antenna requirements and its environment. Firstly, the thesis presents the design and modelling concept of small uni-planer Ultra- Wideband antenna. The fitness functions and the geometrical antenna elements required for such design are considered. Two antennas are designed, implemented and measured. The computed and measured outcomes are found in reasonable agreement. Secondly, the work is also addressed on how the resonance modes of microstrip patches could be performed using the method of Moments. Results have been shown on how the modes could be adjusted using MoM. Finally, the design implications of balanced structure for mobile handsets covering LTE standards 698-748 MHz and 2500-2690 MHz are explored through using firefly algorithm method. The optimised balanced antenna exhibits reasonable matching performance including near-omnidirectional radiations over the dual desirable operating bands with reduced EMF, which leads to a great immunity improvement towards the hand-held. / General Secretariat of Education and Scientific Research Libya

No description available.

Esta tese apresenta um estudo sobre modelagem computacional onde são aplicadas meta-heurísticas de otimização na solução de problemas inversos de transferência radiativa em meios unidimensionais com albedo dependente da variável óptica, e meios unidimensionais de duas camadas onde o problema inverso é tratado como um problema de otimização. O trabalho aplica uma meta-heurística baseada em comportamentos da natureza conhecida como algoritmo dos vagalumes. Inicialmente, foram feitos estudos comparativos de desempenho com dois outros algoritmos estocásticos clássicos. Os resultados encontrados indicaram que a escolha do algoritmo dos vagalumes era apropriada. Em seguida, foram propostas outras estratégias que foram inseridas no algoritmo dos vagalumes canônico. Foi proposto um caso onde se testou e investigou todas as potenciais estratégias. As que apresentaram os melhores resultados foram, então, testadas em mais dois casos distintos. Todos os três casos testados foram em um ambiente de uma camada, com albedo de espalhamento dependente da posição espacial. As estratégias que apresentaram os resultados mais competitivos foram testadas em um meio de duas camadas. Para este novo cenário foram propostos cinco novos casos de testes. Os resultados obtidos, pelas novas variantes do algoritmo dos vagalumes, foram criticamente analisados. / This thesis presents a study on computational modeling where optimization metaheuristics are applied to the solution of inverse radiative transfer problems in heterogeneous media: in one-layer media with space-dependent single scattering albedo, and two-layer media, where the inverse problem is formulated as an optimization problem. It is applied a metaheuristic based on the natural behavior of fireflies, known as the firefly algorithm. Initially, comparative studies of performance were made with two other classic stochastic algorithms. The results indicated that the choice of the firefly algorithm was appropriate. Then, it was proposed other strategies that have been inserted into the original firefly algorithm. A first case was proposed where all the strategies were investigated and tested. The strategies with the best results were investigated in other two different cases. All the three proposed cases involved one-layer media with space-dependent scattering albedo. The strategies have been tested and evaluated, and those which presented the best competitive results were then implemented for radiative problems in two-layer media. For this new scenario five test cases were investigated, and the results obtained with the new strategies developed in this work were critically analyzed.

Submitted by Gabriele Gabriel (gabriele.mgabriel@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-05T14:37:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Gabriele-Gabriel_VERSAO-FINAL.pdf: 3365844 bytes, checksum: c94734430443f3bf6c8ad3ad9fd11a8d (MD5) / Rejected by Ronildo Prado (bco.producao.intelectual@gmail.com), reason: Oi Gabriele, Faltou enviar a Carta comprovante assinada pelo orientador. Solicite o modelo em sua Secretaria de Pós-graduação, preencha e colete a assinatura com o orientador e acesse novamente o sistema para fazer o Upload. Fico no aguardo para finalizarmos o processo. Abraços Ronildo on 2018-01-18T16:17:33Z (GMT) / Submitted by Gabriele Gabriel (gabriele.mgabriel@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-19T17:45:54Z No. of bitstreams: 2 GABRIEL_Gabriele_2017.pdf: 4796378 bytes, checksum: b47c6fae3bd085c69ed8a81c74a9be4d (MD5) GABRIEL_Gabriele_carta.pdf: 557241 bytes, checksum: fbed02fe69c0cab6190201e18b304f40 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (bco.producao.intelectual@gmail.com) on 2018-01-22T18:44:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 GABRIEL_Gabriele_2017.pdf: 4796378 bytes, checksum: b47c6fae3bd085c69ed8a81c74a9be4d (MD5) GABRIEL_Gabriele_carta.pdf: 557241 bytes, checksum: fbed02fe69c0cab6190201e18b304f40 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (bco.producao.intelectual@gmail.com) on 2018-01-22T18:44:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 GABRIEL_Gabriele_2017.pdf: 4796378 bytes, checksum: b47c6fae3bd085c69ed8a81c74a9be4d (MD5) GABRIEL_Gabriele_carta.pdf: 557241 bytes, checksum: fbed02fe69c0cab6190201e18b304f40 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-22T18:51:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 GABRIEL_Gabriele_2017.pdf: 4796378 bytes, checksum: b47c6fae3bd085c69ed8a81c74a9be4d (MD5) GABRIEL_Gabriele_carta.pdf: 557241 bytes, checksum: fbed02fe69c0cab6190201e18b304f40 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Bioluminescence, the emission of visible light by living organisms is widely used in biosensors. Firefly luciferases and genes are among the most used reporter gene in bioluminescent biosensors. Firefly luciferases are pH-sensitive, exhibiting a red shifted bioluminescence spectra on the presence of metals, high temperatures and acidic pH, being this last property considered unusual for the most analytical applications. Nowadays most luminescent biosensors to metals and pH are fluorescent, and few of them are ratiometric based on spectral changes. Bioluminescent biosensors despite been less common, have same advantages as low background and does not need UV light irradiation, bring no photodamage to the cell. The aim of this project was: (I) study the applicability of the use of Macrolampis sp2 firefly luciferase and other pH-sensitive luciferases as spectral intracellular ratiometric pH biosensor; (II) apply these pH ratiometric biosensors in mammalian cells to investigate its physiology in real time and (III) developing, by engineering the pH sensor region of Macrolampis sp2 firefly luciferase, a ratiometric biosensor specific to metals. We obtained a relation between the pH and the ratio of the bioluminescence at green and red region of the spectra, allowing estimate ratiometrically the intracellular pH of bacteria and mammalian cells. Besides that, we confirmed its use to cellular image of pH and observed that occurs an alkalinization of the cytosol and nucleus during cell division and apoptosis. We demonstrate the applicability of firefly luciferases, in special the luciferase of Macrolampis sp2, as a ratiometric biosensor to metals and intracellular pH. The existence of a linear relationship between the concentrations of metals like cadmium, mercury and zinc, and the ratio of the bioluminescence at green and red region of the spectra, allowed also estimate ratiometrically, for the first time, concentrations of metals less than 100 µM, enabling the use of firefly luciferases as bioavailability indicator to toxic and potential toxic metals. / Bioluminescência, a emissão de luz fria e visível por organismos vivos é amplamente utilizada em biossensores. Luciferases de vagalumes e seus genes estão entre os genes repórteres mais utilizados em biossensores bioluminescentes. Luciferases de vagalumes são sensíveis ao pH, apresentando um deslocamento do espectro de bioluminescência para o vermelho na presença de metais, em temperaturas elevadas e pH ácido, sendo esta última propriedade considerada sem utilidade para a maioria das aplicações analíticas. Atualmente a maioria dos biossensores luminescentes para metais e pH são fluorescentes, poucos deles são raciométricos baseados nas mudanças espectrais. Biossensores bioluminescentes apesar de serem menos comuns, possuem algumas vantagens como baixo background e não necessitam de irradiação com luz UV, não causando fotodanos às células. Os objetivos desse projeto foram: (I) investigar a aplicabilidade de uso da luciferase do vagalume Macrolampis sp2 e outras luciferases pH-sensitivas como biossensor espectral raciométrico intracelular de pH; (II) aplicar esses biossensores raciométricos de pH em células de mamíferos para investigar sua fisiologia em tempo real e (III) desenvolver, por engenharia da região sensora de pH da luciferase de Macrolampis sp2, um biossensor raciométrico específico para metais. Obtivemos uma relação entre o pH e a razão da bioluminescência nas regiões do verde e do vermelho do espectro, permitindo estimar raciometricamente o pH intracelular de bactérias e células de mamíferos. Além disso, confirmamos seu uso para imagem celular de pH, e observamos que ocorre uma alcalinização do citosol e núcleo durante os processos de divisão celular e apoptose. Demonstramos a aplicabilidade das luciferases de vagalumes, em especial a luciferase de Macrolampis sp2, como biossensor raciométrico para metais e pH intracelular. A existência de uma relação linear entre a concentração de metais como cádmio, mercúrio e zinco, e a razão da bioluminescência nas regiões do verde e do vermelho do espectro, permitiu também estimar raciometricamente pela primeira vez concentrações de metais menores que 100 µM, possibilitando o uso de luciferase de vagalumes como indicador de biodisponibilidade de metais tóxicos e potencialmente tóxicos. / FAPESP: 2014/04477-9 / FAPESP: 2015/22603-4 / FAPESP: 2016/15946-5

Esta tese apresenta um estudo sobre modelagem computacional onde são aplicadas meta-heurísticas de otimização na solução de problemas inversos de transferência radiativa em meios unidimensionais com albedo dependente da variável óptica, e meios unidimensionais de duas camadas onde o problema inverso é tratado como um problema de otimização. O trabalho aplica uma meta-heurística baseada em comportamentos da natureza conhecida como algoritmo dos vagalumes. Inicialmente, foram feitos estudos comparativos de desempenho com dois outros algoritmos estocásticos clássicos. Os resultados encontrados indicaram que a escolha do algoritmo dos vagalumes era apropriada. Em seguida, foram propostas outras estratégias que foram inseridas no algoritmo dos vagalumes canônico. Foi proposto um caso onde se testou e investigou todas as potenciais estratégias. As que apresentaram os melhores resultados foram, então, testadas em mais dois casos distintos. Todos os três casos testados foram em um ambiente de uma camada, com albedo de espalhamento dependente da posição espacial. As estratégias que apresentaram os resultados mais competitivos foram testadas em um meio de duas camadas. Para este novo cenário foram propostos cinco novos casos de testes. Os resultados obtidos, pelas novas variantes do algoritmo dos vagalumes, foram criticamente analisados. / This thesis presents a study on computational modeling where optimization metaheuristics are applied to the solution of inverse radiative transfer problems in heterogeneous media: in one-layer media with space-dependent single scattering albedo, and two-layer media, where the inverse problem is formulated as an optimization problem. It is applied a metaheuristic based on the natural behavior of fireflies, known as the firefly algorithm. Initially, comparative studies of performance were made with two other classic stochastic algorithms. The results indicated that the choice of the firefly algorithm was appropriate. Then, it was proposed other strategies that have been inserted into the original firefly algorithm. A first case was proposed where all the strategies were investigated and tested. The strategies with the best results were investigated in other two different cases. All the three proposed cases involved one-layer media with space-dependent scattering albedo. The strategies have been tested and evaluated, and those which presented the best competitive results were then implemented for radiative problems in two-layer media. For this new scenario five test cases were investigated, and the results obtained with the new strategies developed in this work were critically analyzed.

This diploma thesis deals with the path planning by swarm intelligence. In the theoretical part it describes the best known methods of swarm intelligence (Ant Colony Optimization, Bee Swarm Optimization, Firefly Swarm Optimization and Particle Swarm Optimization) and their application for path planning. In the practical part particle swarm optimization is selected for the design and implementation of path planning in the C#.

No description available.

No description available.

Individuals who consider themselves both scholars and fans represent not only a subculture of fandom but also a subculture of academia. These liminal figures seem suspicious to many of their colleagues, yet they are particularly positioned not only to be conduits to engaged learning for students but also to transform the academy by chipping away at the stereotypes that support the symbolic walls of the Ivory Tower. Because they are growing in number and gaining influence in academia, the scholar-fans of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer (Buffy) and other texts by creator Joss Whedon are one focus of this dissertation. Though Buffy academics or Whedon scholars are not the only ones of their kind (e.g., academic- fan communities have cropped up around The Simpsons, The Matrix Trilogy, and the Harry Potter franchise), they have produced more literature and are more organized than any other academic-fan community. I approach all of my subjects—fandom, academia, fan-scholars, and scholar-fans—from a multidisciplinary perspective, employing various methodologies, including autoethnography and narrative inquiry. Taking several viewpoints and using mixed methods best allows me to begin identifying and articulating a rhetoric of scholar-fandom. Ultimately, I claim that Whedon academic-fans employ a discourse marked by intimacy, community, reciprocity, and transformation. In other words, the rhetoric of Whedon scholar-fandom promotes an epistemology—a way of knowing—that in Parker J. Palmer’s paradigm is personal, communal, reciprocal, and transformational.

Individuals who consider themselves both scholars and fans represent not only a subculture of fandom but also a subculture of academia. These liminal figures seem suspicious to many of their colleagues, yet they are particularly positioned not only to be conduits to engaged learning for students but also to transform the academy by chipping away at the stereotypes that support the symbolic walls of the Ivory Tower. Because they are growing in number and gaining influence in academia, the scholar-fans of the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer (Buffy) and other texts by creator Joss Whedon are one focus of this dissertation. Though Buffy academics or Whedon scholars are not the only ones of their kind (e.g., academic- fan communities have cropped up around The Simpsons, The Matrix Trilogy, and the Harry Potter franchise), they have produced more literature and are more organized than any other academic-fan community. I approach all of my subjects—fandom, academia, fan-scholars, and scholar-fans—from a multidisciplinary perspective, employing various methodologies, including autoethnography and narrative inquiry. Taking several viewpoints and using mixed methods best allows me to begin identifying and articulating a rhetoric of scholar-fandom. Ultimately, I claim that Whedon academic-fans employ a discourse marked by intimacy, community, reciprocity, and transformation. In other words, the rhetoric of Whedon scholar-fandom promotes an epistemology—a way of knowing—that in Parker J. Palmer’s paradigm is personal, communal, reciprocal, and transformational.