Strata in the Cook Inlet forearc basin in south-central Alaska record the effects of tectonic events related to normal subduction and two flat-slab subduction events. Through detrital zircon geochronology we track provenance changes of strata deposited in a forearc basin in conjunction with these different subduction processes. Our data from strata deposited concurrent with normal subduction help to confirm previous provenance models of forearc basins that suggest provenance is sourced primarily from a proximal, coeval arc. However, compared to these models, our data from strata deposited coincident to flat-slab events show markedly different provenance signatures dependent upon: (1) geographic position relative to the flat-slab event; (2) pre-established, or lack thereof, topography; and (3) type of flat-slab event. Detrital zircon signatures of strata deposited in the Cook Inlet after flat-slab subduction of a mid-ocean ridge diversify to include older detritus found in the distal inboard region. This distal signature is then incrementally cut-off in younger strata due to deformation of the upper-plate from progressive insertion of a shallowly subducted oceanic plateau. Detrital zircon signatures for strata associated with each flat-slab event are largely older than depositional age due to the lack of coeval arc activity. Our data may help to improve the ability to recognize other flat-slab events through detrital zircon geochronology. In particular, changes in detrital zircon signatures found in strata deposited during flat-slab subduction of an oceanic plateau correlate well with the exhumation of rocks associated with the propagation of deformation in the over-riding plate due to plate coupling.

[Formulae and special characters can only be approximated here. Please see the pdf version of the Abstract for an accurate reproduction.] Since the damping functions employed by most of the low-Reynolds-number models are related to the non-dimensional distance y+[ special character ??? near-wall non-dimensional distance in y direction], which is based on local wall shear stress, these models become invalid for separated flows, because the wall shear stress is zero at the reattachment point. In addition, the pressure-velocity correlation term is neglected in most of these models, although this term is shown in this thesis to be important in the near-wall region for simple flows and large pressure gradient flows. In this thesis, two main efforts are made to improve the k ??? [special character - dissipation rate] model. First, based on Myong and Kasagi???s (1990) low-Reynolds-number model (hereafter referred to as MK model), a more general damping function [special character - turbulent viscosity damping function in LRN turbulent model] is postulated which only depends on the Reynolds numbers [formula ??? near-wall turbulence Reynolds number]. Second, a form for the pressure-velocity correlation term is postulated based on the Poisson equation for pressure fluctuations. This modified model predicts the turbulent flow over a flat plate very well. It is found that the inclusion of the pressure-velocity correlation term leads to significant improvement of the prediction of near-wall turbulence kinetic energy. When the model is applied to turbulent flow over a backward-facing step, it produces better predictions than the traditional k ??? [special character - dissipation rate] model, FLUENT???s two-layer model and the MK model. Again, the pressure-velocity correlation term improves the turbulence kinetic energy prediction in the separated region over that of other models investigated here. The studies of numerical methods concerning computational domain size and grid spacing reveal that a very large domain size is required for accurate flat plate flow computation. They also show that a fine grid distribution in the near-wall region upstream of the step is necessary for acceptable flow prediction accuracy in the downstream separated region.

<p>Current cabling systems in cars are about to be, completely or partially, replaced by a cabling technology called flexible flat cables, FFCs. This new technology requires tools that can assist engineers in the design process of the cable layouts. The aim of this thesis is to develop a software demonstrator of a concept tool for this purpose. </p><p>The task is divided into three problem areas. Topology modeling, optimization and visualization. An editor is to be implemented which handles creation and modification of topologies which represents FFC harnesses. The optimization is performed using global and local routing. The global routing handles optimization on topology level, defining net paths in the topology. Local routing handles the exact net placement on each bus cable. Finally, the local routing solutions should be graphically presented to the user. </p><p>The topology modeling requirement was implemented as a graph layouteditor. Global routing is performed using graph search techniques and local routing is based on VLSI channel routing methods. Visualization is implemented for the local routing solutions using the SVG format. </p><p>The developed application handles most of the requirements. The editor has support for an XML netlist which is used for specifying connectors and nets used in the topology. Global routing and local routing can be performed on the topology. Prerouting of nets can be performed on both global and local level. Support for assigning specific cables, from a library, to bus cables is possible.</p>

<p>Every year a number of tenant-owner flat deals are concluded and the availability of real estate agents on the market is today very widespread. It has become increasingly difficult for estate agents to distinguish themselves in a way that makes the estate agent the customer’s choice. Estate agents must have a good understanding of what is important to the customer. An apartment deal is, for most people, an important event in their life. Which is the key factor for a customer in choosing a particular estate agent?</p><p>The purpose: The main purpose of this study is to examine which criteria customers consider to be important when they choose real estate agents to sell their apartments. Which criteria affect their choice and which criterion is considered to be the determining factor?</p><p>As part of the purpose we will also examine how the real estate agents distinguish themselves and which factors are used to get the customers to choose them. Are these factors the same factors which guide customers to finally choose a particular real estate agent?</p><p>Method: The method that we have chosen to serve our purpose in the best possible way is, partly, by interviews with real estate agents and, partly, by surveys among customers of the companies. The estate agents we have interviewed are Svensk Fastighetsförmedling and Svenska Mäklarhuset. In order to collect information we have also chosen to use several kinds of sources such as the Internet and various kinds of literature.</p><p>Conclusion: We came to the conclusion that the criterion that appeared to be the most important for both estate agent companies, was that the apartment was advertised on the Internet. Just as important for the clients of Svensk Fastighetsförmedling was that the real estate agents appear to be reliable and serious. This criterion took second place with clients of Svenska Mäklarhuset. What appeared to be the decisive factor among the clients for their choice of a real estate agent was the personal chemistry between the client and the real estate agent’s broker. It seems that both companies, among other things, have chosen the “softer values” to communicate and market themselves.</p> / <p>Varje år avslutas ett antal bostadsrättsaffärer och utbudet av fastighetsmäklare på marknaden idag är väldigt stort. Det blir allt svårare för fastighetsmäklarföretagen att utmärka sig och få kunderna att välja just dem. Fastighetsmäklarföretagen måste ha en god uppfattning om vad kunderna tycker är betydelsefullt. En bostadsrättsaffär är för många en viktig händelse i livet. Vad är det som avgör vilket fastighetsmäklarföretag kunden slutligen väljer?</p><p>Syfte: Huvudsyftet med denna rapport är att undersöka vilka kriterier konsumenterna tycker är viktiga när de väljer fastighetsmäklarföretag för att sälja deras bostadsrätt. Vilka kriterier påverkar valet och vilket är det avgörande?</p><p>Som delsyfte kommer vi även att undersöka hur fastighetsmäklarföretagen utmärker sig själva och vilka faktorer de använder sig av för att få kunderna att välja just dem. Är det dessa faktorer kunderna verkligen går efter i slutändan när de väljer fastighetsmäklarföretag?</p><p>Metod: De metoder vi har valt att använda oss av för att på bästa sätt besvara vårt syfte är dels intervjuer med fastighetsmäklare och dels en enkätundersökning bland företagens kunder. De fastighetsmäklarföretag vi har intervjuat är Svensk fastighetsförmedling, Farsta samt Svenska Mäklarhuset, Södermalm. Även andra typer av källor, i form av Internet och diverse litteratur, har använts för att samla in data.</p><p>Slutsatser: Vi kom fram till att det kriterium som framstod som mest betydelsefullt för båda företagen var att objektet annonseras på Internet. Lika betydelsefullt för Svensk Fastighetsförmedlings kunder var att fastighetsmäklarföretaget uppfattas som pålitliga och seriösa. Detta kriterium kom på andra plats hos Svenska Mäklarhusets kunder. Det som visade sig vara avgörande för kunderna vid valet av fastighetsmäklarföretag var personkemi med fastighetsmäklaren. Det är även bland annat dessa ”mjuka” värden som båda företagen har valt att marknadsföra och kommunicera ut.</p>

We construct a deformation quantization on an infinite-dimensional symplectic space of regular connections on an SU(2)-bundle over a Riemannian surface of genus g ≥ 2. The construction is based on the normal form thoerem representing the space of connections as a fibration over a finite-dimensional moduli space of flat connections whose fibre is a cotangent bundle of the infinite-dimensional gauge group. We study the reduction with respect to the gauge groupe both for classical and quantum cases and show that our quantization commutes with reduction.

Ion-sensitive field effect transistors (ISFET's) have many advantages than the conventional ion selective electrodes. There exhibt the advantages of small size, fast response and compatible with conventional IC technologies. The general structure of ISFET is the same as that of MOSFET. However, the main difference is that the metal gate in MOSFET is replaced by reference electrode/electrolyte/sensing insulator structure in ISFET. The insulator surface will suffer the change of potential as the sample is immersed into electrolyte, by which, we can measure the pH or other ionic concentration. Amorphous barium titanate (a-BaTiO3) thin film as the pH-sensing layer of the ion-sensitive field-effect transistor is prepared by a sol-gel technique. The stock solution in a concentration about 0.42M is obtained. The barium titanate thin films are deposited on SiO2(1000&#x00C5;)/p-Si substrates, and the EIS structure is frabricated. The fabrication parameters of BaTiO3 thin films are made up of the thickness of 120-360 nm and the firing temperature between 350¢J and 850¢J. The flat-band voltage(£GVBF) is shifted by C-V measurement. The pH sensitivity is on the downside because the thin films thickness and defect increase. The results reveal the MIS C-V curve. The optimum conditions are found that the annealing temperature is about 350¢J, and the sensitivity of about 59.02 mV/pH with regression of 0.9991. The pH response of 40-59 mV/pH in the range of pH 2-12 exists when the a-BaTiO3 thin film with thickness of about 120-360nm at the firing temperature between 350¢J and 550¢Jare prepared. To decrease the fabrication cost, so the numbers of mask and fabrication steps should be minimized, which are reduced to two from four and 10 from 16 steps. Two masks were used to accomplish a-BaTiO3 gated ISFET. I-V curve shows that the a-BaTiO3 gated ISFET exhibits pH responses of about 38 ~48.7 mV/pH in the linear region(IDS=30 £gA and VDS¡×0.2 V), and -11~-24.8 £gA/pH in the satiation region(VGS=3 V and VDS¡×3.5 V), and the regression of above 0.997 was achieved. Both of C-V and I-V curves revealed the BaTiO3 thin films could be used in the ISFET gate.

The objectives of this thesis are to establish the fundamental principles in the field of 3D property rights by studying such systems in different countries with a particular focus on management questions, to systemize the acquired knowledge and demonstrate different ways of dealing with key factors essential to a well-functioning 3D property rights system. A theoretical background to the 3D property concept is given by presenting proposals as to a definition of 3D property and a classification of the primary forms of 3D property rights examined into specific types and categories, as well as an overview of international 3D property use. A general description of the characteristics of 3D property, with a focus on the condominium form, is also presented. A presentation of three different 3D property rights models is given as exemplified by the countries investigated, including the independent 3D property model in Sweden, the condominium form model in Germany, and a combination of the independent 3D property form and the condominium form as evidenced by the legal systems of two Australian states, New South Wales and Victoria. It has been possible to discern from this study a number of key factors related to 3D property rights that seem to be common for most forms and systems. These include the delimitation of property units, the content of the definition of common property, the creation of easements, the forms of cooperation between property units, management and regulation issues, as well as the settlement of disputes and insurance solutions. The problems experienced within the 3D property systems studied to a large extent have concerned issues within these mentioned key areas, where the management aspect seems particularly difficult. Changes in society and the creation of new development forms to a large extent have also contributed to the need for statutory amendments. More or less substantial amendments have been required in both the Australian and German statutes studied, with shortcomings still remaining after many years of use. However, these systems in general seem to be working well, and the condominium form in particular seems to be a well-functioning concept. Based on these systems, it has been possible to discern a tendency that the more detailed and complex the legislation, the greater the need for gradual amendments. In conclusion, it would be of benefit for countries planning on introducing a system for 3D property rights to utilize the experiences of other countries, while not forgetting to consider differences in legal systems, society, etc. / QC 20100812

Every year a number of tenant-owner flat deals are concluded and the availability of real estate agents on the market is today very widespread. It has become increasingly difficult for estate agents to distinguish themselves in a way that makes the estate agent the customer’s choice. Estate agents must have a good understanding of what is important to the customer. An apartment deal is, for most people, an important event in their life. Which is the key factor for a customer in choosing a particular estate agent? The purpose: The main purpose of this study is to examine which criteria customers consider to be important when they choose real estate agents to sell their apartments. Which criteria affect their choice and which criterion is considered to be the determining factor? As part of the purpose we will also examine how the real estate agents distinguish themselves and which factors are used to get the customers to choose them. Are these factors the same factors which guide customers to finally choose a particular real estate agent? Method: The method that we have chosen to serve our purpose in the best possible way is, partly, by interviews with real estate agents and, partly, by surveys among customers of the companies. The estate agents we have interviewed are Svensk Fastighetsförmedling and Svenska Mäklarhuset. In order to collect information we have also chosen to use several kinds of sources such as the Internet and various kinds of literature. Conclusion: We came to the conclusion that the criterion that appeared to be the most important for both estate agent companies, was that the apartment was advertised on the Internet. Just as important for the clients of Svensk Fastighetsförmedling was that the real estate agents appear to be reliable and serious. This criterion took second place with clients of Svenska Mäklarhuset. What appeared to be the decisive factor among the clients for their choice of a real estate agent was the personal chemistry between the client and the real estate agent’s broker. It seems that both companies, among other things, have chosen the “softer values” to communicate and market themselves. / Varje år avslutas ett antal bostadsrättsaffärer och utbudet av fastighetsmäklare på marknaden idag är väldigt stort. Det blir allt svårare för fastighetsmäklarföretagen att utmärka sig och få kunderna att välja just dem. Fastighetsmäklarföretagen måste ha en god uppfattning om vad kunderna tycker är betydelsefullt. En bostadsrättsaffär är för många en viktig händelse i livet. Vad är det som avgör vilket fastighetsmäklarföretag kunden slutligen väljer? Syfte: Huvudsyftet med denna rapport är att undersöka vilka kriterier konsumenterna tycker är viktiga när de väljer fastighetsmäklarföretag för att sälja deras bostadsrätt. Vilka kriterier påverkar valet och vilket är det avgörande? Som delsyfte kommer vi även att undersöka hur fastighetsmäklarföretagen utmärker sig själva och vilka faktorer de använder sig av för att få kunderna att välja just dem. Är det dessa faktorer kunderna verkligen går efter i slutändan när de väljer fastighetsmäklarföretag? Metod: De metoder vi har valt att använda oss av för att på bästa sätt besvara vårt syfte är dels intervjuer med fastighetsmäklare och dels en enkätundersökning bland företagens kunder. De fastighetsmäklarföretag vi har intervjuat är Svensk fastighetsförmedling, Farsta samt Svenska Mäklarhuset, Södermalm. Även andra typer av källor, i form av Internet och diverse litteratur, har använts för att samla in data. Slutsatser: Vi kom fram till att det kriterium som framstod som mest betydelsefullt för båda företagen var att objektet annonseras på Internet. Lika betydelsefullt för Svensk Fastighetsförmedlings kunder var att fastighetsmäklarföretaget uppfattas som pålitliga och seriösa. Detta kriterium kom på andra plats hos Svenska Mäklarhusets kunder. Det som visade sig vara avgörande för kunderna vid valet av fastighetsmäklarföretag var personkemi med fastighetsmäklaren. Det är även bland annat dessa ”mjuka” värden som båda företagen har valt att marknadsföra och kommunicera ut.

The genotoxicity of energetic compounds (i.e., explosives) that are known to be present in contaminated soils at military training sites has not been extensively investigated. Thus, the Salmonella mutagenicity and Muta(TM)Mouse assays were employed as in vitro assays to examine the mutagenic activity of twelve explosive compounds, as well as three soil samples from Canadian Forces Base Petawawa. Salmonella analyses employed strains TA98 (frameshift mutations) and TA100 (base-pair substitution mutations), as well as the metabolically-enhanced YG1041 (TA98 background) and YG1042 (TA100 background), with and without exogenous metabolic activation (S9). For Salmonella analyses, the results indicate that ten of the explosive compounds were mutagenic, and consistently elicited direct-acting, base-pair substitution activity. All three soil samples were also observed to be mutagenic, eliciting direct-acting, frameshift activity. Mutagenic potencies were significantly higher on the metabolically-enhanced strains for all compounds and soil samples. For Muta(TM)Mouse analyses on FE1 cells, the results indicate that the majority of explosive compounds did not exhibit mutagenic activity. All three soil samples elicited significant positive responses (PET 1 and PET 3 without S9, and PET 2 with S9), and although there is some evidence of a concentration-related trend, the responses were weak. Correspondence of the mutagenic activity observed with the two assay systems, for both the explosive compounds and soil samples, was negligible. The differential response is likely due to differences in metabolic capacity between the two assay systems. Furthermore, it is likely that there are unidentified compounds present in these soil samples that are, at least in part, responsible for the observed mutagenic activity. Additional testing of other explosive compounds, as well as soil samples from other military training sites, using a variety of in vitro and in vivo assays, is warranted in order to reliably estimate mutagenic hazard and subsequently assess risk to human health.

Flow control of transitional shear flows is investigated by means of numerical simulations. The attenuation of three-dimensional wavepackets of Tollmien-Schlichting (TS) and streaks in the boundary layer is obtained using active control in combination with localised sensors and actuators distributed near the rigid wall. Due to the dimensions of the discretized Navier-Stokes operator, reduced-order models are identified, preserving the dynamics between the inputs and the outputs of the system. Balanced realizations of the system are computed using balanced truncation and system identification. We demonstrate that the energy growth of the perturbations is substantially and efficiently mitigated, using relatively few sensors and actuators. The robustness of the controller is analysed by varying the number of actuators and sensors, the Reynolds number, the pressure gradient and by investigating the nonlinear, transitional case. We show that delay of the transition from laminar to turbulent flow can be achieved despite the fully linear approach. This configuration can be reproduced in experiments, due to the localisation of sensing and actuation devices. The closed-loop system has been investigated for the corresponding twodimensional case by using full-dimensional optimal controllers computed by solving an iterative optimisation based on the Lagrangian approach. This strategy allows to compare the results achieved using open-loop model reduction with model-free controllers. Finally, a parametric analysis of the actuators/ sensors placement is carried-out to deepen the understanding of the inherent dynamics of the closed-loop. The distinction among two different classes of controllers – feedforward and feedback controllers - is highlighted. A second shear flow, a confined turbulent jet, is investigated using particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) modes and Koopman modes via dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) are computed and analysed for understanding the main features of the flow. The frequencies related to the dominating mechanisms are identified; the most energetic structures show temporal periodicity. / <p>QC 20130207</p>