In South Africa, less than 10% of individuals are financially independent after retirement, with an increasing number becoming dependent on social grants from government – hence the importance of analysing the asset composition of high net worth individuals who have achieved financial independence. To achieve the aim of this study, it was first necessary to define net worth and to develop a theoretical framework of the assets and liabilities included in the measurement of an individual’s net worth and how these assets and liabilities should be valued. A definition of high net worth individuals was then formulated. Secondly, the factors influencing the asset composition of high net worth individuals, as well as selected demographic factors that influence net worth, were investigated. Finally, following a quantitative approach, data collected from the liquidation and distribution accounts of deceased individuals were analysed according to the developed framework. The results of this study suggest that are indeed differences in the contribution of the different asset types when measured using the mean, relative contribution and importance of the asset class in comparison with total assets. Further analysis revealed that the richest individuals included in the survey invested more in shares than the other groups for whom immovable property was the primary asset. Based on the analysis of selected demographic factors, the findings indicated that for many of the dependent variables, the asset used most by respondents in that group was not the same asset that made the highest contribution to the net worth of the individuals in the group. / Taxation / M. Com. (Accounting)

Sport and sport events contribute a big percentage to the growth of sport tourism in South Africa. South Africa also hosts some of the most significant endurance events such as the Cape Argus, Cape Epic, Midmar Mile, Two Oceans Marathon and the Comrades Marathon. These endurance events have the potential to enhance endurance sport in South Africa and can also be used as a tool for tourism. It is important however, to determine the endurance sport consumption behaviour for participants and spectators who attend these events, since their behaviour and habits will influence their choices pertaining to travelling for sport events and even tourism. Sport tourism literature currently does not provide information and insight on this matter. Due to the lack of literature pertaining to endurance sport consumption behaviour, a description had to be provided to aid with the study. Endurance sport consumption behaviour (ESCB) in this study is therefore described as behaviour revealed by sport consumers who adapt their lifestyles after realising their desire to be self-complete, by testing and developing their bodies through sport activities. Sport consumption becomes the essence when participating in competitive, nature-related and fitness activities for both professional and amateur sport consumers. For spectatorship, these behaviours will differ, since the intentions of fans and supporters as well as the reasons for spectating differ, but sport events give them the opportunity to engage in sport on a different level, whether for the event or for the participant. These behavioural intentions can be influenced by the sport consumers’ attitude and subjective norms. ESCB is influenced by three main factors and includes: the demographic and behavioural profile; the motives and travel behaviour and the commitment towards the sport/event. The goal of the study was therefore to do a critical assessment of sport consumption at endurance sport events. In order to achieve this aim, secondary data of five endurance events (Cape Argus, Cape Epic, Midmar Mile, Two Oceans Marathon and the Comrades Marathon) were pooled. A total of 6453 questionnaires were distributed between the respective events for both participants and spectators attending these sport events and were included in the statistical analysis. From a first point of view, these sport consumers might seem homogenous, but when analysing the results, it became evident that sport participants and spectators (with regards to participation and support of endurance events) were not homogenous pertaining to their sport consumption behaviour at the respective endurance sport events. There are four main aspects that drive ESCB for endurance participants, namely the type of participant who pursues the sport; the age of the participant; the type of sport and the motives to participate. Four travel motives for these endurance sport participants were commitment, intrinsic achievement, escape and socialisation and the challenge these events provide. Endurance participants furthermore see sport events as an opportunity to travel. The spectators’ ESCB were driven by their socio-demographic and behavioural profile and the motives for supporting the respective endurance events. Endurance sport spectators were motivated by the social interaction and the sport novelty of the sport events. Their memorable experiences were influenced by the event’s personnel and provision, amenities, comfort and visibility, infrastructure and marketing. The study made literature contributions pertaining to the description of ESCB, which were lacking from sport tourism literature. Based on the results, recommendations were made, not only based on ESCB, but also on how these types of events can be used to enhance sport tourism in South Africa as well as the participation and support for these types of sport. Spectators’ views on endurance sport events were also lacking. The study indicated that these consumers were personally involved with the participants’ journey to success, compared to supporters who attended for the event in specific. In this study, sport consumer profiles are compared on a large scale, which have not yet been done in current sport literature, providing a holistic overview of endurance sport consumers. Sport consumer profiles are influenced by the sport context and the marketing of these events, but most importantly the ESCB. Practical contributions include the specialisation for endurance sport events, the growth for sport and tourism and insights to consumer behaviour for sport event organisers and marketers. This study is important, especially for sport marketers and organisations, in order to ensure the long term sustainability and competitiveness for the sport industry as well as for expanding sport tourism and tourism in South Africa. / PhD (Tourism Management), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Sport and sport events contribute a big percentage to the growth of sport tourism in South Africa. South Africa also hosts some of the most significant endurance events such as the Cape Argus, Cape Epic, Midmar Mile, Two Oceans Marathon and the Comrades Marathon. These endurance events have the potential to enhance endurance sport in South Africa and can also be used as a tool for tourism. It is important however, to determine the endurance sport consumption behaviour for participants and spectators who attend these events, since their behaviour and habits will influence their choices pertaining to travelling for sport events and even tourism. Sport tourism literature currently does not provide information and insight on this matter. Due to the lack of literature pertaining to endurance sport consumption behaviour, a description had to be provided to aid with the study. Endurance sport consumption behaviour (ESCB) in this study is therefore described as behaviour revealed by sport consumers who adapt their lifestyles after realising their desire to be self-complete, by testing and developing their bodies through sport activities. Sport consumption becomes the essence when participating in competitive, nature-related and fitness activities for both professional and amateur sport consumers. For spectatorship, these behaviours will differ, since the intentions of fans and supporters as well as the reasons for spectating differ, but sport events give them the opportunity to engage in sport on a different level, whether for the event or for the participant. These behavioural intentions can be influenced by the sport consumers’ attitude and subjective norms. ESCB is influenced by three main factors and includes: the demographic and behavioural profile; the motives and travel behaviour and the commitment towards the sport/event. The goal of the study was therefore to do a critical assessment of sport consumption at endurance sport events. In order to achieve this aim, secondary data of five endurance events (Cape Argus, Cape Epic, Midmar Mile, Two Oceans Marathon and the Comrades Marathon) were pooled. A total of 6453 questionnaires were distributed between the respective events for both participants and spectators attending these sport events and were included in the statistical analysis. From a first point of view, these sport consumers might seem homogenous, but when analysing the results, it became evident that sport participants and spectators (with regards to participation and support of endurance events) were not homogenous pertaining to their sport consumption behaviour at the respective endurance sport events. There are four main aspects that drive ESCB for endurance participants, namely the type of participant who pursues the sport; the age of the participant; the type of sport and the motives to participate. Four travel motives for these endurance sport participants were commitment, intrinsic achievement, escape and socialisation and the challenge these events provide. Endurance participants furthermore see sport events as an opportunity to travel. The spectators’ ESCB were driven by their socio-demographic and behavioural profile and the motives for supporting the respective endurance events. Endurance sport spectators were motivated by the social interaction and the sport novelty of the sport events. Their memorable experiences were influenced by the event’s personnel and provision, amenities, comfort and visibility, infrastructure and marketing. The study made literature contributions pertaining to the description of ESCB, which were lacking from sport tourism literature. Based on the results, recommendations were made, not only based on ESCB, but also on how these types of events can be used to enhance sport tourism in South Africa as well as the participation and support for these types of sport. Spectators’ views on endurance sport events were also lacking. The study indicated that these consumers were personally involved with the participants’ journey to success, compared to supporters who attended for the event in specific. In this study, sport consumer profiles are compared on a large scale, which have not yet been done in current sport literature, providing a holistic overview of endurance sport consumers. Sport consumer profiles are influenced by the sport context and the marketing of these events, but most importantly the ESCB. Practical contributions include the specialisation for endurance sport events, the growth for sport and tourism and insights to consumer behaviour for sport event organisers and marketers. This study is important, especially for sport marketers and organisations, in order to ensure the long term sustainability and competitiveness for the sport industry as well as for expanding sport tourism and tourism in South Africa. / PhD (Tourism Management), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

In this dissertation the problems surrounding the sentencing stage and factors which influence the sentence are briefly considered. The emphasis is on the use and value of a pre-sentence report in determining suitable sentences other than imprisonment. Historical background in the use of pre-sentence reports in South Africa, England and America is briefly referred to. Relevant concepts, such as individualisation of punishment, are considered in relation to possible sentences such as compensation, fines, community service, and correctional supervision. It is concluded that the provisions of sections 274 and 276A of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1 977 are not enough to regulate the use of pre-sentence reports in South Africa. It is further concluded that legislation is needed in this area, but in the meantime, our courts should work towards developing guidelines based on the provisions of the Criminal Procedure Act 51 of 1 977. / Criminal & Procedural Law / LL.M (Law)

Objektas – 5-8 ir 9-12 klasių mokinių požiūris į sveikatos ugdymą. Tikslas – ištirti 5-8 ir 9-12 klasių mokinių nuomonių skirtumus apie sveikatos ugdymą. Uždaviniai: 1. palyginti 5-8 ir 9-12 klasių mokinių nuomonę apie socialinės aplinkos įtaką rūpinantis sveikata. 2. palyginti 5-8 ir 9-12 klasių mokinių sveikos gyvensenos būdus, įvertinant balais. 3. palyginti 5-8 ir 9-12 klasių mokinių nuomonę apie sveiką gyvenseną įtakojančius veiksnius. 4. palyginti 5-8 ir 9-12 klasių mokinių nuomonę apie sveikos gyvensenos temų aptarimą pamokų metu. Svarbiausi rezultatai - Tyrimo duomenys parodė, kad 5-8 klasių mokiniams sveikatos ugdymas tiek mokykloje, tiek neformalaus ugdymo veikloje yra prastesnis, lyginant su 9-12 klasių mokiniais. Statistiškai matoma, kad 5-8 klasių mokiniai mažiau užsiima sportu, nes anketoje pateiktus sveikatai ir sveikam gyvenimo būdui veiksnius jie vertina labiau nereikšmingais, nei 9-12 klasių mokiniai. Galima drąsiai teigti, kad 5-8 klasių mokiniai iš dalies neįsisavina informacijos apie sveikatos ugdymą, kuriuos aptaria per mokykloje dėstomus dalykus. Išvados - Pagal gautus rezultatus galima teigti, kad tiek 5-8, tiek 9-12 klasių mokinių požiūris į sveikatos ugdymą nėra pakankamas ir šią situaciją reiktų pradėti keisti nuo sveikos gyvensenos temų aptarimo, jo dažnumo pamokų metu. Atsižvelgiant į 5-8 klasių mokinių požiūrį derėtų jų ugdymo programą padaryti paprastesnę, kad mokinys į sportą pažvelgtų su didesniu noru, kad informacija jam būtų lengviau... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Object - 5-8 and 9-12 grade students approach to health education. Purpose - to investigate the 5-8 and 9-12 grade students about the differences between health education. Objectives: 1. compare 5-8 and 9-12 grade students about the social environment to health. 2. compare 5-8 and 9-12 grade students a healthy lifestyle means of evaluating scores. 3. compare 5-8 and 9-12 grade students about healthy lifestyles influencing factors. 4. compare 5-8 and 9-12 grade students about healthy living areas to the classroom. The most important results - the study showed that students in grades 5-8 in school health education and non-formal education activities are inferior compared to 9-12 grade students. Statistically seen that 5-8 students less engaged in the sport because of a health questionnaire and a healthy lifestyle factors are the more trivial than 9-12 students. It is safe to say that 5-8 students partly assimilate information about health education, which are discussed within the school subjects. Conclusions - The results suggest that both the 5-8 and 9-12 grade students approach to health education is not sufficient and that the situation should begin to change from a healthy lifestyle topics discussion, the frequency of lessons. Given the 5-8 grade students should approach their curriculum to make simpler the student insights into the sport with a greater willingness to get the information he would be more easily understood. Suggestions - analysis of the 5-8 and 9-12... [to full text]

The diploma thesis is focused on the smoking issue of adolescents of different secondary schools in Pilsen. The theoretical part covers the current situation of smoking habit in the Czech republic and its legislation, and it clarifies a few definitions of addictions. This part also describes different types of smoking, including risks, which are connected with them. There are also adolescent development descriptions, their personalities and social abilities. Another part of the thesis covers important life factors. The last chapter includes smoking prevention. The empirical part explores an attitude to smoking of students of particular types of secondary schools of Pilsen (secondary vocational schools and grammar schools) and it compares them. The research was done by questionnaire. The data analysis brought information about smoker and non-smoker number while the sex, type of school, family, friends and other aspects were taken into consideration. Key words smoking (habit), tobacco, cigarettes, marijuana, water pipe, e-cigarette, adolescence, smoking prevention

Tyrimo aktualumas. Iš esmės pakitusi valstybės ekonominė sistema keičia vartotojų elgseną. Rinkos ekonomikoje gausu įvairių gamintojų, kurie, tarpusavyje konkuruodami, siekia patraukti vartotoją. Galimybė rinktis keičia vartotojų elgseną. Tokioje situacijoje vartotojas kartais pats nesuvokia, kodėl jis perka vienokias ar kitokias paslaugas. Tyrimo problema: Kaip pažymi J. Stankevičienė (2004) vartotojų elgsena yra dinamiškas sociokultūrinis reiškinys, todėl šios problemos studijos, nepaisant atliktų tyrimų gausos, ne tik išlieka aktualiomis, bet jų aktualumas tik didėja. Net ir tie tyrimai, kurie atlikti išsivysčiusiose šalyse, dėl skirtingo sociokultūrinio konteksto nedaug gali padėti suprasti analogiškų vartotojų elgseną mažą gyvenimo rinkos sąlygomis patirtį turinčioje šalyje. Taigi darbe formuluojama problema ir tikslas ištirti vartotojų elgseną, yra reikšminga. Pastaraisiais metais pasirodė daugiau mokslinių monografijų, straipsnių lietuvių kalba, nagrinėjančių vartotojų elgsenos aspektus, tačiau tai vis dar aktuali teorinė ir praktinė problema. UAB „Fankas“ ir ko kuri specializuojasi sporto paslaugų srityje, taip pat renka ir atnaujina duomenis apie savo klientus, tačiau įmonei šiandien sunku pasakyti, kokie vartotojų elgsenos veiksniai, lemiantys sprendimo pirkti priėmimo procesą, yra svarbiausi, prognozuojant paslaugų pirkimo tendencijas. Įvertinusi vartotojų elgseną įtakojančius veiksnius, įmonė tikisi efektyviau taikyti marketingo sprendimus, susijusius su dar... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Relevance of the work. Basically the varied state economical system changes the consumers’ behaviour. Within the market economy dominate various manufacturers those being competitive in regard of each other are seeking to attract a consumer. An opportunity to choose changes consumer’s behaviour. In such situation a consumer sometimes doesn’t realise why he purchases items of some sort. Often his behaviour is influenced not only with various environmental factors but also with his personal assurances and values. The problem of the work. As certifies J. Stankevičienė (2004) the consumers’ behaviour is the dynamic social cultural appearance, therefore the studies of such problem regardless an abundance of the accomplished researches remain not only relevant but also their relevance is expanding gradually. Even those researches which were accomplished within the developed countries as concerns of social cultural context can little help while understanding the behaviour of analogous consumers within the countries having the diminutive life experience under the market circumstances. Hence the problem and goal formatted at work are important. In these latter years have appeared more scientific monographs, articles in Lithuanian language analysing the aspects of consumers’ behaviour, but this is still actual theoretical and practical problem. UAB “Fankas“ ir ko that specializes in the field of sport services is also collecting and renovating information about their clients, but... [to full text]

Aim of the study to evaluate adolescent health and factors influencing it in boarding schools of Vilnius city. Objectives to evaluate adolescent health; to estimate the prevalence of behavior and psychosocial environmental factors influencing health; to identify and evaluate the peculiarities of health services provided to adolescents. Methods. An anonymous survey of 191 pupils aged 11-18 and interview method of health care specialists in two boarding schools were applied in the study. State of pupils’ health was analysing medical records. Results were compared between two boarding schools. SPSS statistics software was used for date analyze. Values were considered significant, when p<0.05. Results. Most of disorders reported were attributed to respiratory diseases. Almost half of adolescents from both institutions reported facing health problems. 36.1 % of adolescents were reported not being involved in extra curricular physical activities, 42.9 % indicated being smoking, 27.7 % frequent alcohol abuse. 42.8 % of adolescents reported that their interaction with teachers was not satisfactory. 59.7 % of adolescents experienced bullying; one in every two pupils felt not being safe. The analysis of inter-institutional comparison points to the significant differences in smoking, alcohol abuse and bullying prevalence. Adolescents lack knowledge regarding stress coping and readiness to live on their own. Data gathered from adolescents demonstrated general satisfaction with... [to full text]

This diploma thesis deals with the analysis of the factors which influence the direct drainage from the drainage area. The thesis specifically deals with the drainage area of the Kopaninský brook. Drainage is always influenced by several factors at the same time. These factors are above all climate, anthropogenic impact, underdrainage, shape and extent of a drainage area, land use, geologic structure, location and altitude of a drainage area. The direct drainage can be separated by different methods (modificated semi-graphical method, GROUND method, method of hydrogram separation, method of digitals filtres) or CN- curves can be used for calculation. This thesis used the method of CN curves to process the results of a given drainage area. In the methodical part of the thesis I reached to the creation of direct drainage maps with the utilisation of the BPEJ maps together with the input data gained by the method of CN curves. These outputs were created at different values of design rains repetition time N= 2, 10, 50 and 100 years. The volume of a direct drainage was calculated by a classic method and by a method using the ArcMap programme. Another part of the thesis was simulation of different area utilisation situations (real condition versus grassing of ploughland) and saturation of drainage area, or more precisely water content in soil (dry soil, middle dry soil, wet soil).

Submitted by Claudia Vieira (csimonev@hotmail.com) on 2017-03-08T11:51:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Claudia_Vieira.pdf: 2171788 bytes, checksum: d08c9a2a93e773c8942b35d77d9424be (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2017-03-08T15:30:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Claudia_Vieira.pdf: 2171788 bytes, checksum: d08c9a2a93e773c8942b35d77d9424be (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-08T15:55:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Claudia_Vieira.pdf: 2171788 bytes, checksum: d08c9a2a93e773c8942b35d77d9424be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / Cloud computing (CN) refers for sharing of computing resources, which can be combined with each other, such as data storage and communication, processing capacity (servers and memory), software, applications, and services. The CN differs from the public, private and hybrid deployment model and the service model known as "as a service": infrastructure, platform and software. The objective of this research was to identify the factors that influence the adoption of cloud computing by the firms in Brazil. The proposed research model included perceived benefits and risks and perceived innovation attributes of the diffusion innovations theory (relative advantage, compatibility, observation, testing, and complexity) as exogenous latent variables and CN adoption as an endogenous latent variable. The research was applied to private companies through a questionnaire available on the internet and 135 responses were obtained, and PLS-PM (Partial Least Square - Path Modeling) was used. The results obtained indicated that the seven factors influence CN adoption, and the relative advantage, compatibility, observation, testing, and perceived benefits are positively associated with the adoption of NC and perceived complexity and risks are negatively associated to adoption. The perceived risks factor had the greatest influence on adoption, and the higher the risk the lower the adoption and vice versa. In this way, identifying and understanding the factors influencing CN adoption can help the actors (firms, suppliers, developers and others) involved in this process to take action and decisions according to their needs and strategies. / Computação em nuvem (CN) refere-se ao compartilhamento de recursos computacionais, que podem ser combinados entre si, tais como, armazenamento e comunicação de dados, capacidade de processamento (servidores e memória), software, aplicativos e serviços. A CN difere quanto ao modelo de implantação: pública, privada e híbrida e quanto ao modelo de serviços conhecidos como “as a service”: infraestrutura, plataforma e software. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os fatores que influenciam a adoção da computação em nuvem pelas empresas no Brasil. O modelo de pesquisa proposto incluiu os benefícios e riscos percebidos e os atributos percebidos de inovação da teoria da difusão da inovação (vantagem relativa, compatibilidade, observação, testagem e complexidade) como variáveis latentes exógenas e adoção da CN como a variável latente endógena. A pesquisa foi aplicada a empresas privadas por meio de um questionário disponível na internet e foram obtidas 135 respostas sendo a técnica utilizada o PLS-PM (Partial Least Square - Path Modeling). Os resultados obtidos indicaram que os sete fatores influenciam a adoção da CN, sendo que vantagem relativa, compatibilidade, observação, testagem e benefícios percebidos estão positivamente associados à adoção da CN e complexidade e riscos percebidos estão negativamente associados à adoção. O fator riscos percebidos apresentou a maior influência na adoção, sendo que quanto maior o risco menor a adoção e vice-versa. Desta forma, identificar e entender os fatores que influenciam a adoção da CN podem ajudar os atores (empresas, fornecedores, desenvolvedores e outros) envolvidos nesse processo a tomar medidas e decisões conforme as suas necessidades e estratégias.