Thesis (Honors)--College of William and Mary, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 56-60). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Family health history (FHH) has been recognized as an important tool in cancer prevention and health promotion. To date, literature on FHH discussions about cancer have largely focused on patient-physician communication or the dissemination of cancer-specific genetic tests results within the family. Fewer studies have sought to identify family factors that may promote FHH discussions, yet this type of information could be used to identify families needing support in having these conversations. Thus, the present study examined relations between family organization (cohesion and flexibility), communication openness, and FHH communication about cancer within a diverse group of women recruited from an urban, safety-net women's health clinic. Participants were enrolled in a randomized control trial examining the effects of an educational intervention on family communication about hereditary breast and colon cancers (Kin Fact Study). For the present study, baseline survey data for 472 women were analyzed. Participants completed measures on demographics, family organization, communication openness, and FHH communication. Average age was 34 years and 59% reported being Black. Thirty-one percent had graduated high school and 28% reported having commercial health insurance. Seventy-five percent of women reported a family history of cancer in a first or second degree relative. Descriptive statistics, correlations, and multiple linear regression and hierarchical logistic regressions, adjusting for key factors, were performed. Nineteen percent of women actively collected FHH information about cancer and 11% reported actively sharing cancer risk information with relatives. Being older, having a greater educational attainment, and having a family history of cancer was associated with having collected FHH; while being older and reporting higher levels of cohesion/flexibility was associated with sharing cancer risk information. Adjusting for demographic variables, cohesion, flexibility, and openness were not significant predictors of collecting or sharing FHH. Family history of cancer did not moderate the relationship between family organization and FHH. Cohesion and flexibility levels did significantly predict communication openness. This study contributes to a small but emergent literature in the field of FHH communication about cancer as it explores family context factors that may aid in the development of prevention interventions. Clinical implications and directions for future research are discussed.

nÃo hà / O presente estudo trata de questÃes ligadas ao trabalho e saÃde mental relacionando-as ao cotidiano de lÃderes em organizaÃÃes familiares. A problematizaÃÃo surgiu diante de relatos e a percepÃÃo de uma possÃvel relaÃÃo entre casos de sofrimento psÃquico, diante do cotidiano de trabalho desses profissionais. Para o inÃcio da pesquisa foram realizados estudos teÃricos dos temas trabalho, sofrimento psÃquico, Psicopatologia e PsicodinÃmica, OrganizaÃÃes familiares e lideranÃa. Partiu-se de pressupostos que apontavam as caracterÃsticas das organizaÃÃes familiares, com suas prÃticas de gestÃo peculiares, como desencadeadoras de sofrimento psÃquico e que mesmo diante de estratÃgias defensivas levariam a afastamentos e somatizaÃÃes. A pesquisa teve metodologia qualitativa, de natureza descritiva e exploratÃria, buscando conhecer a realidade da organizaÃÃo familiar e investigar a relaÃÃo entre as vivÃncias de prazer e sofrimento no trabalho dos lÃderes diante da gestÃo de uma organizaÃÃo familiar, dando-lhes oportunidade de expor o conteÃdo do trabalho, as percepÃÃes que atravessam o cotidiano vivenciado e a relaÃÃo prazer e sofrimento com o trabalho realizado. Foram realizadas entrevistas e grupos focais, com objetivo de levantar dados que pudessem identificar a existÃncia e o tipo de manifestaÃÃo de sofrimento psÃquico dos lÃderes; descrever as caracterÃsticas da gestÃo; analisar a relaÃÃo dessa gestÃo com a organizaÃÃo familiar e relacionar o trabalho dos lÃderes com seu sofrimento psÃquico, bem como suas estratÃgias de defesa para lidar com esse sofrimento. ApÃs as anÃlises de conteÃdo foram encontradas cinco categorias: Trabalho â vicissitudes e atravessamentos, apontando o trabalho como ocupaÃÃo do tempo alÃm do espaÃo da organizaÃÃo e vivÃncias que interferem no ambiente familiar e de lazer; Limiar entre prazer e sofrimento, registrando que existe um limiar entre as situaÃÃes de prazer e de sofrimento no trabalho dos lÃderes; Vida de encarregado â facilidade e dificuldade diante da vivÃncia de gestÃo de pessoas; Contextos da organizaÃÃo familiar, com suas peculiaridades, reforÃando a existÃncia de limitaÃÃo na gestÃo do lÃder e estratÃgias de defesa que sÃo utilizadas para o nÃo adoecimento. O discurso obtido trouxe a experiÃncia simbÃlica determinada pelo cenÃrio contextualizado, diante do tema central sofrimento e prazer no trabalho, caracterizando vivÃncias de prazer e de sofrimento da lideranÃa no contexto peculiar da organizaÃÃo familiar pesquisada / This study deals with issues related to work and mental health relating them to everyday leaders in family organizations. The questioning came before reports and the perception of a possible link between cases of psychological distress before the daily work of these professionals. Top of research were carried out theoretical studies labor issues, psychological distress, psychopathology and psychodynamics, family organizations and leadership. It started from assumptions that pointed the features of family organizations, with their peculiar management practices, such as psychological distress and triggering even before defensive strategies would lead to absenteeism and somatization. The research was qualitative methodology, descriptive and exploratory, seeking to know the reality of family organization and investigate the relationship between pleasure and suffering experiences in the work of the leaders on the management of an organization family, giving them the opportunity to expose the content of the work, perceptions crossing the experienced daily life and the relationship with pleasure and suffering the work done. Interviews and focus groups were conducted in order to collect data that could identify the existence and type of psychological distress manifestation of the leaders; describe management features; analyze the relationship of this management and family organization and relate the work of the leaders with their psychological distress and their defense strategies to deal with this suffering. After the content analysis found five categories: Work - vicissitudes and crossings, pointing work as occupation of time beyond the organization of space and experiences that interfere in the family environment and leisure; Threshold between pleasure and pain, noting that there is a threshold between the situations of pleasure and suffering in the work of the leaders; Charge of life - ease and difficulty before the people management experience; Contexts of family organization, with its peculiarities, reinforcing the existence of limitation in the management of the leader and defense strategies that are used to not getting sick. The obtained speech brought the symbolic experience determined by contextualized scenario, before the central theme suffering and pleasure in work, pleasure and suffering characterizing the leadership experiences in the peculiar context of researched family organization

Le ghunghat est une pratique du voile particulière à l’Inde du Nord. Il a pour singularité d’être non-confessionnel et peut être pratiqué par des femmes de toutes confessions religieuses, hindoues, musulmanes ou sikhes, mais pas par toutes les femmes. Il consiste pour une femme à baisser sur son visage le voile qu’elle porte sur sa tête devant certains individus parmi ses affins, mais jamais devant ses consanguins. Il est observé de façon inégale en fonction des castes, des classes, du niveau d’éducation, des lieux de résidence dans une grande partie de l’Inde du Nord, hormis au Pendjab, d’où il a disparu il y a une quinzaine d’années. Il renseigne sur la relation qu’une femme entretient avec les individus qui l’entourent. Sa manipulation donne à voir l’organisation sociale et familiale spécifique à l’Inde du Nord : mariage arrangé, résidence patrilocale en famille élargie, antagonisme et asymétrie de statuts entre les affins et les consanguins d’une femme, rapports hiérarchiques. Extension du corps de la femme, sa gestuelle en exprime les représentations, ainsi que l’esthétique et les rapports de genre. Le voile apparaît comme un « fait social total », révélant les rapports familiaux et sociaux en même temps que les représentations du corps de la femme, et s’insérant dans une pratique de couverture et d’enveloppement des corps et des objets qui renvoie au sacré. Une ethnologie du ghunghat permet de créer de nouveaux outils afin d’aborder les problématiques autour du voile dans d’autres espaces, en particulier en France, dans une perspective comparative. / Ghunghat is a veiling practice specific to North India. Its peculiarity lies in the fact that it is non religious, though it can be observed by women of all confessions, Hindu, Muslim or Sikh, but not by all women. The woman lowers the veil that rests on her head in front of certain individuals of her affines but never before her consanguines. It varies according to cast, social class, education level, places of residence in most of North India except in Punjab where it has disappeared about fifteen years ago. It gives information about the relationships that a woman has with the people around her. It reveals the social and family organization of the Nothern Indian subcontinent : arranged marriage, patrilocal residence in joint family, hierarchy, asymetry of status between wife givers and receivers. It can be seen as an extension of a woman’s body, thus informing about its representations, as well as aesthetics, and gender relations. The veil thus appears as a « total social fact » revealing the family and social relationships as well as the representations over the women’s bodies, where not only bodies but also objets are covered, especially in the context of sacredness. An ethnological study of ghunghat allows to create new tools in order to reconsider the undestanding of the veil in other contexts, in particular in the French context, through a comparative perspective.

Abstrakt I min c-uppsats vill jag ta reda påhur individen och de sociala relationerna påverkas av att unga vuxna bor hemmalängre. Med hjälp av en kvalitativ metod och den hermeneutiska cirkeln har jagundersökt olika socialpsykologiska aspekter såsom familjen som organisation,parantestillvaron och frigörelseprocessen. Genom teorierna om frihet till ochfrån, parantestillvaron och familjen som organisation har jag försökt belysa olikaaspekter som kan påverka unga vuxnas boendesituation, men också hur individernaoch de sociala relationerna påverkas av att de unga vuxna bor kvar hemma.Slutsatsen blir att unga vuxnas boendesituation påverkar många olika aspekter ibåde den unga vuxnas liv och dennes föräldrar. Arbetsmarknadens brist på jobb bidrar till att unga vuxna hamnar i enparantestillvaro där de utesluts från vissa arenor som tillhör vuxenlivet,vilket bidrar till att ungdomstiden förlängs och att man inte blir vuxen förränvid 25 års ålder. Genom att tillhöra en organisation skapas rutiner som germänniskan trygghet i en osäker värld. Trygghet skapas även i nära relationermellan till exempel ett barn och dennes förälder. Intervjupersonerna var tiostycken, varav fem unga vuxna och fem föräldrar, där fyra par har släktband. / Abstract In my C-essay,I would like to find out how individual and socialrelations are affected by young adults livingat home longer. Usinga qualitative approachand the hermeneuticcircle, I have looked at various social-psychological aspects such as family organization,parentheses life andliberation. By thetheories of freedom to and from, parentheseslife and familyorganization, I have tried to highlight various aspectsthat can affectyoung adults' livingarrangements, but also how individuals andsocial relations areaffected by the young adults stillliving at home. The conclusion isthat young adultsliving situation affectsmany aspects ofboth the youngadults' lives andhis parents. Sociallack of jobs contributesto young adultsend up in a parenthesislife where theyare excluded from certain venues belonging to adulthood,which contributes to youth is extended and that itdoes not become anadult until age 25. By belonging to an organizationcreated procedures by which the human security inan uncertain world.Security is also created in a close relationship between such a child and his parent. The interviewees were ten,five young adultsand five parents,where four coupleshave family connections.