食物往往蘊藏著無形情感與過往生命記憶。以家庭飲食而言，舉凡食物的味道、口感與氣味皆可能牽引出家庭關係與父母形象等生命故事。據此，本研究旨在以「家庭敘事」之研究視角探討家庭中飲食、記憶與生命傳承之關聯，主要鎖定「家傳菜餚」之家庭共食情境與敘事內涵，從而探討家庭中獨有的飲食口味如何承載與紀錄家庭生命歷程。 　　研究發現，家傳菜餚的故事內容由個人、家庭與菜餚在各式情境之下交織而成，描述昔日飲食經驗時更展現家庭生活背景、家庭信仰與成員性格等內涵。而過往家庭記憶主要透過「倒敘」手法浮現，但其不只是單向回溯過往經驗，敘事者的記憶軌跡往往與現今家庭生活與未來人生交錯對話。 　　此外，家傳菜餚的味道與意義可協助個人理解家庭與建構自我。由於日常飲食經驗於長遠家庭生命歷程中可逐漸形塑為家庭獨有之飲食習慣與傳統，後輩成員得以透過經驗之複製與轉移進而將家庭生命的「過去」、「現在」與「未來」彼此牽連並開展新機。 / Food often contains invisible emotions and life memories, and its taste and smell are also likely to touch off family stories. With this in mind this study aims to explore possible connections among food, memory and life in families from the perspective of “family narratives,” focusing on clues that may be inherent in “family recipes,” with a purpose to understand how family tastes may record life courses. 　It was found in this study that stories of family recipes are co-constructed by food and different members of the family. These stories not only describe these members’ past experiences in food cooking but also trace their life backgrounds, family values and personalities. Following this sense family memories often emerge from "flashbacks" while describing food story, and in doing so the time flow of present and future appears commonly. 　In addition, when food stories are always linked up with family traditions, the taste and meaning of family recipes are also useful in identity construction.

Afhandling, Linköpings universitet, 2007.

abstract: This study investigated how young adults communicate their decision to religiously disaffiliate to their parents. Both the context in which the religious disaffiliation conversation took place and the communicative behaviors used during the religious disaffiliation conversation were studied. Research questions and hypotheses were guided by Family Communication Patterns Theory and Face Negotiation Theory. A partially mixed sequential quantitative dominate status design was employed to answer the research questions and hypotheses. Interviews were conducted with 10 young adults who had either disaffiliated from the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints or the Watch Tower Society. During the interviews, the survey instrument was refined; ultimately, it was completed by 298 religiously disaffiliated young adults. For the religious disaffiliation conversation’s context, results indicate that disaffiliated Jehovah’s Witnesses had higher conformity orientations than disaffiliated Latter-day Saints. Additionally, disaffiliated Jehovah’s Witnesses experienced more stress than disaffiliated Latter-day Saints. Planning the conversation in advance did lead to the disaffiliation conversation being less stressful for young adults. Furthermore, the analysis found that having three to five conversations reduced stress significantly more than having one or two conversations. For the communicative behaviors during the religious disaffiliation conversation, few differences were found in regard to prevalence of the facework behaviors between the two groups. Of the 14 facework behaviors, four were used more often by disaffiliated JW than disaffiliated LDS—abuse, passive aggressive, pretend, and defend self. In terms of effectiveness, the top five facework behaviors were talk about the problem, consider the other, have a private discussion, remain calm, and defend self. Overall, this study begins the conversation on how religious disaffiliation occurs between young adults and their parents and extends Family Communication Patterns Theory and Face Negotiation Theory to a new context. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Communication 2015

The submitted diploma degree thesis deals with the development of pre-reading literacy in family environment. The aim of this thesis is to find out which ideas about developing early reading skills parents have and how they build pre-reading skills in their children. The thesis is also focused on parent-child communication and child's vocabulary. The theoretical part defines basic terms relevant to the topic of reading and literacy. It offers characteristics of a pre-school child and his development in areas which are related to pre-reading literacy. The particularization of the term of pre-reading literacy and activities supporting literacy skills are presented as well.It defines the concept of family communication and child-directed speech. The final chapter of the theoretical part describes previous research that has been conducted in this field in the past. The theoretical part of the thesis is based on the study of research literature and crucial research. The practical part is devoted to an empirical study. It consists of five case studies which are focused on the analysis of video recordings connected to the development of pre-reading literacy in family environment. The video recordings were anonymized and, with slight deviations, transcribed according to the CHAT system, which is a part of...

Genetic test results have important implications for close family members. Indeterminate negative results are the most common outcome of BRCA1/2 mutation testing. Little is known about family members' understanding of indeterminate negative BRCA1/2 test results. The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to investigate how daughters and sisters received and understood genetic test results as shared by their mothers or sisters. Participants included 81 women aged 40-74 with mothers or sisters previously diagnosed with breast cancer and who received indeterminate negative BRCA1/2 test results. Participants had never been diagnosed with breast cancer nor received their own genetic testing or counseling. This IRB approved study utilized semi-structured interviews administered via telephone. The research team developed descriptive codes, and NVIVO software was used during qualitative analysis. Participants reported low amounts of information shared with them. Most women described test results as negative and incorrectly interpreted the test to mean there was no genetic component to the pattern of cancer in their families. Only 7 of 81 women accurately described test results consistent with the meaning of an indeterminate negative result — meaning a genetic cause for cancer in their family could still exist. Our findings demonstrate that indeterminate negative genetic test results are not well understood by family members. Lack of understanding may lead to an inability to effectively communicate results to primary care providers and missed opportunities for prevention, screening and further genetic testing. We recommend providing family members letters they can share with their own primary care providers whenever genetic testing is performed.

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This cross-sectional investigation examined characteristics of ecstasy use during college and associations between ecstasy use during college and demographic factors, family functioning, mental health, and stage of change for ecstasy use. In addition a multivariate model was developed to predict characteristics of ecstasy use during college. An electronic survey was sent to all undergraduate students enrolled at a large urban university in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States during the spring of 2007. Demographic factors and characteristics of ecstasy use were examined using standardized measures employed in national drug use surveys and by the World Health Organization. Measures associated specifically with ecstasy use during college were developed for this investigation. Family functioning was measured with the Parent Adolescent Communication Scale. Mental health was measured with the K6 screening instrument for nonspecific psychological distress. Stage of change was measured with a five-stage algorithm. The final sample for analysis consisted of 194 participants who reported ecstasy use during college and 2849 participants who reported no ecstasy use during college. Data were described using conventional descriptive statistics, chi-square statistics and non-parametric statistics. A logistic regression model was used to identify variables associated with ecstasy use during college. Based on the results, the following generalized conclusions were drawn: ecstasy continues to be used by college students at large urban universities in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States; because the majority of college students reported using ecstasy for the first time during college and also reported using ecstasy for up to two years, it appears that the college environment is a contextual factor for ecstasy use; lower family communication is associated with ecstasy use during college; psychological distress is associated with ecstasy use during college; being white (versus non-white), male (versus female) and having low or moderate (versus high) family communication each is independently associated with ecstasy use during college; differences in stage of change for ecstasy use among ecstasy users and the demographic profile of ecstasy users compared to non-ecstasy users suggest that prevention, education and intervention efforts should be designed to match the unique factors associated with ecstasy use during college. / Public Health

La comunicación conyugal virtuosa es un medio insustituible que permite facilitar el despliegue del amor en la familia, por lo que una comunicación inadecuada entre esposos puede generar problemas que dificultan el perfeccionamiento y desarrollo de los miembros del hogar. Por tal motivo, se realizó la investigación con el propósito de elaborar un programa de escuela de padres, fundamentado en la antropología matrimonial de Tomás Melendo, para una comunicación virtuosa de los cónyuges. Esta investigación es de tipo teórico - documental, con paradigma interpretativo. Entre los resultados alcanzados en esta investigación se analizaron los fundamentos teóricos de la antropología matrimonial de Tomás Melendo, orientado a una comunicación virtuosa. Asimismo, se explicó la necesidad de una comunicación virtuosa entre los cónyuges orientado hacia su autorrealización y felicidad, según la antropología matrimonial de Tomás Melendo. Además, se determinaron los criterios prácticos para una comunicación virtuosa entre los cónyuges, siguiendo esta antropología; y finalmente, se propuso un conjunto de actividades educativas, vertidas en un programa dirigido a padres de familia, fundamentado en la antropología matrimonial de Tomás Melendo, para una comunicación / Virtuous marital communication is an irreplaceable means that facilitates the deployment of love in the family, so inadequate communication between spouses can generate problems that hinder the improvement and development of household members. For this reason, the research was carried out with the purpose of developing a parenting school program, based on the marital anthropology of Tomás Melendo, for virtuous communication between spouses. This research is of a theoretical - documentary type, with an interpretive paradigm. Among the results achieved in this research, the theoretical foundations of Tomás Melendo's marital anthropology were analyzed, oriented towards virtuous communication. Likewise, the need for virtuous communication between spouses aimed at their self-realization and happiness was explained, according to the marital anthropology of Tomás Melendo. Furthermore, practical criteria for virtuous communication between spouses were determined, following this anthropology; and finally, a set of educational activities was proposed, expressed in a program aimed at parents, based on the marital anthropology of Tomás Melendo, for virtuous communication of spouses, called “Virtuous Communication, source of conjugal love.”