Thesis (M.A.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1998. / Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves [1]-2. Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2844. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-110).

Inaug.-Diss.--Universität zu Köln. / Bibliography: p. 220-228.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2005. / Title from PDF t.p. (Aug. 9, 2006). Advisor: Vera J. Camden. Keywords: intersubjectivity; Moll Flanders; Roxana; Fate; Providence. Includes bibliographical references (p. 347- 361).

The diploma thesis is focused on analysis, comparison and interpretation of Thomas Hardy?s literary work, especially on the attitude of characters towards the environment in the chosen ?Wessex novels? by Thomas Hardy. The principle of this work is to contextualize and characterize Hardy?s writings in general, together with his historical background and philosophical inspiration, which influenced his concept of space. The main aim is to point out the importance of the environment in Hardy?s literary work, problems of his protagonists? existence and their tragic fatality stemming for their connection with the place they dwell in. Furthermore, this thesis underlines other, mainly social circumstances that influence characters? lives. Another aim is to concentrate on the development of themes and motifs and to find out how Hardy?s work develops in particular, chronologically ordered novels. Answers to these questions can be found in the fundamental part of the diploma thesis, which is based on literary analysis of particular novels, in which the environment plays the very crucial role.

The Prose Edda chapter, Ragnarok as recorded by Snorri, was taken as a pivotal point for exploring fate according to the Norse mythology. The eschatological concept of collapsing gods and destruction of the world was explored through the logical and theological fatalist theory, diverging the orientation from standard textual exploration. The thesis examines the concept by employing the methodology of hermeneutics to scrutinise the text. The analysis derived results confirmed the existence of belief in fate embedded in the text; the logical fatalism that polarises statements by their truthfulness, even though it was not found or indicated textually, provided a strong contrast to theological fatalism, evidenced throughout the text. The weak theological fatalism (determinism) was suggested in the findings based on Ragnarok text, by which the inexorable change of aeons as set-in motion by the Universal Force (predicted by the three Volvas), does not entirely compromise the Aesir's free will; such as the cosmic order includes the free will in its mechanism; while Aesir's voluntary choice was dependent on God's forescience, it was still free to operate within the remit of its emission, unperturbed within the cosmic design. The Nietzschean concept of Amor Fati (Love for Fate) in accepting the inevitable, through the cyclicality of time, and as it appears with a reason that is to keep one happy, additionally illuminated our understanding of fate in Ragnarok. To counterbalance this idea and bring it into equilibrium, I reflected upon the notion of "Designer of Destiny", whereby human beings are assumed to run the entirety of their destiny, soon to learn that this human urge clashes with theit biology (over which they do not have complete control) and the cosmic power that has already predetermined the human path.

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Existentialism has come to be seen as championing human freedom. The yearning for freedom does indeed run throughout this tradition together with an anti-metaphysical sentiment which lends itself to the rejection of a determinism which views human beings as mechanisms. But it would be a mistake to think that an existentialist necessarily advocates the doctrine of free will. A distinction must be made between free will and the idea of freedom as it appears in the writings of the major existentialists. Free will is to commonly understood to be a requirement for moral accountability. It is the metaphysics, or what Freidrich Nietzsche would call "the mythology" behind every act of blaming a huinan being. Out of the four major existentialists-Soren Kierkegaard, Friedrich Nietzsche, Martin Heidegger, and Jean-Paul Sartre-Sartre is the only philosopher who seems to defend this metaphysics. "Existential Freedom," although compatible with the thesis of free will, does not necessitate it. Rather, it invites us to move beyond the guilt ridden ideas of responsibility associated with the moral subject, and embrace a grand responsibility for our future.

O presente trabalho visa compreender a relação entre a ordem do mundo e o homem nas obras de Voltaire, ou seja, elucidar a posição e condição do homem num mundo ordenado por leis e a compreensão desse mundo do ponto de vista humano. Para tanto se enfrentou os temas que tal relação oferecia ao autor: a liberdade e a necessidade, o destino, a providência e o mal. Estes tópicos, como se sabe, constituem os assuntos tradicionais da teodicéia, de sorte que o presente trabalho é concebido também como a elucidação da leitura crítica de Voltaire do otimismo filosófico. / The present work tries to understand the rapports between the order of the world and man in Voltaires works, that is, it aims at shedding some light on man as part of an ordered world and on the understanding of that ordered world from a human standpoint. In order to do that it focused the subjects which the comprehension of that relation required: liberty and necessity, destiny, providence and evil. Those topics, as one knows, constituted the traditional themes of the theodicy, so that the present work can also be considered as an account of Voltaires critique of the philosophical optimism.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:29:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Euzebios Filho.pdf: 1170209 bytes, checksum: c26ecf893e6571179f4a2bb270dfef16 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-27 / Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica de Campinas / This work aimed at examining aspects of class consciousness of people who are either beneficiary or are registered in programs of cash transfer. This study was conducted in a region of Campinas, which is marked by social inequality. In this scenario, we made contact with the participants through a university extension project, which develops activities in public institutions. Our research approach was a qualitative, constructive-interpretative methodology, based on dialectical and historical materialism. Interviews were conducted with eight women between 22 and 58 years. One is a "Renda Cidad?," beneficiary, five are "Bolsa Familia" beneficiaries and two are registered in the last program. Through the interpretation of interviews, we found that the sense of outrage is present in the consciousness of the participants. It is common knowledge that life is not easy and that we must improve it. But the challenge is to transform ideas into action. To achieve a better life - a job, a house, a better salary - the participants tend to prioritize the individual action to the collective ones. In some moments of their lives the participants were engaged in political movements, driven by affectivity. There are moments when the participants play a leading role, propose and carry out political actions in their community. At other times they passively expect the State to guarantee their rights. This contradictory movement between fatalism and claim is strengthened by an ideological confusion between what is considered right and what is considered a favor. The participants see their rights denied by the State, but consider the benefits as a government help. / Este trabalho buscou analisar aspectos da consci?ncia de classe de benefici?rios e cadastrados em programas de transfer?ncia de renda. Esta pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma regi?o de Campinas, marcada pela desigualdade social. Nesse cen?rio, tomamos contato com as participantes, por meio de um projeto de extens?o universit?ria, que desenvolve atividades em institui??es p?blicas. Nossa pesquisa adotou uma metodologia qualitativa, construtivo-interpretativa, com base no materialismo hist?rico e dial?tico. Foram realizadas entrevistas com oito mulheres entre 22 e 58 anos, sendo uma benefici?ria do Renda Cidad?, duas cadastradas no Bolsa Fam?lia e cinco que recebem este ?ltimo benef?cio. Pela interpreta??o das entrevistas, pudemos constatar que o sentimento de indigna??o est? presente na consci?ncia das participantes. ? consenso que a vida n?o est? f?cil e que ? preciso melhor?-la. Mas o grande desafio ? transformar as ideias em a??o. Para alcan?arem melhores condi??es de vida - um emprego, uma casa, um sal?rio melhor - as participantes tendem a priorizar a a??o individual ? a??o coletiva. Envolveram-se em movimentos pol?ticos, movidas pela afetividade. Em alguns momentos, as participantes s?o protagonistas, prop?em e realizam a??es pol?ticas em suas comunidades. Em outros momentos aguardam, passivamente, o Estado garantir seus direitos. Esse movimento contradit?rio, entre o fatalismo e a reivindica??o, ? refor?ado por uma confus?o ideol?gica entre o que ? considerado direito e favor. Assim, as participantes veem seus direitos serem retirados pelo Estado, mas entendem os benef?cios como uma ajuda do governo.

Relocating health behaviors within a political-economic framework, this article utilizes health behavior and health insurance governance perspectives to showcase the complexities of cultural and economic factors (e.g., job lock, wage differentials, social location, and health insurance status) that influence choices in efforts to mitigate the financial burden of health risk. By exploring the financial links to health behaviors that emerged through ethnographic participant observation and semistructured interviews with community and union members of the United Steelworkers and Retail, Wholesale, and Department Store Union in a metropolitan Central Appalachian community in 2007–8, this article argues for expanding the health behaviors concept to include a broader array of actions individuals and families take to better their health and well-being in the context of neoliberal shifting of risk management to individuals through increased consumer market-based cost-sharing health insurance disincentives. In so doing, this article argues for the importance of social and political-economic context in health behaviors and in evaluating health policy, including the Affordable Care Act.