Bakgrund: Spädbarnsskrik associeras med intensiv gråt hos spädbarnet. Som pappa kan skrikperioden upplevas påfrestande. Specialistsjuksköterskan på barnhälsovården kan erbjuda vägledning och stöd i föräldraskapet. Huruvida spädbarnsskriket påverkar papparollen är inte väl studerat Syfte: Att beskriva pappors upplevelser och erfarenheter av spädbarnsskrik under spädbarnets första sex månader Metod: Studien genomfördes som en kvalitativ intervjustudie med åtta pappor. Materialet analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys Resultat: I resultatet framkom att papporna upplevde en otillräcklighet under skrikperioden. Otillräcklighet i kunskap om spädbarnsskrik, som pappa och i relationen till spädbarnets mamma. Stödet under skrikperioden var betydelsefullt. Det erhållna stödet var främst från spädbarnets mamma samt från socialt nätverk och sjukvården Slutsats: Pappan vill vara delaktig och medverka på BHV. Specialistsjuksköterskan kan uppmärksamma den otillräcklighet och det stöd pappan efterfrågar. Med pappagrupper skapas en möjlighet för pappan att utbyta erfarenhet med andra pappor sina upplevelser av spädbarnsskrik. / Background: Infant cry is associated with intensive crying. The father can experience the crying period as stressful. The specialist nurse at the child health care center has a guiding and supporting role in the fatherhood. How infant cry affects the father's role is not well documented Aim: To describe father's experiences of infant cry during the first six months after delivery Method: A qualitative interview study with content analysis was used to be able to grasp eight father's experiences of living with a crying infant Finding: In the present study the father experienced inadequacy during the crying period. The inadequacy the father felt were in areas such as knowledge about infant cry, as a father and in the relationship with the infant's mother. The support during the crying period was significant. Support from the infant's mother was important but also social network Conclusion: The father wanted to be involved in the infant care and the contact with the child health care center. The specialist nurse can notice the inadequacy the father felt and the support he needs in the fatherhood. Father groups can lead to an exchange of experiences between fathers.

Pappans närvaro under förlossning har ökat de senaste åren. Vid förlossning förväntas de spela en aktiv roll i form av stöd för kvinnan. Många män är inte beredda på att en normal förlossning hastigt kan behöva slutas med kejsarsnitt. Syftet med studien är att ta reda på och beskriva pappors upplevelser av akut kejsarsnitt. För att få fram pappors upplevelse användes en fenomenologisk forskningsmetod i form av kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer. Fem pappor deltog i studien. Data presenteras i fem kategorier; blivande pappors kunskap och förväntningar kring förlossning, att inte veta vad som händer, närvaro ger delaktighet, att bli lämnad ensam eller inte, med eller utan information samt efter operation. Resultatet visade att blivande pappors förväntningar kring förlossning är att det ska gå normalt till. Deras kunskap om akuta kejsarsnitt är liten och därmed känner de sig oförberedda inför händelsen. Om informationen från barnmorskan var bristande medförde det att pappan kände oro och att han inte var delaktig i processen. De pappor som får information känner sig mer trygga och får en mer positiv upplevelse. En sådan enkel handling som att informera om vad som sker kan ändra en hel syn på en upplevelse. / Fathers attendance during childbirth has increased during the years. They are expected to play an important role in supporting the woman during delivery. Many men are not aware that what seems to be a normal delivery suddenly can end with an emergency caesarean section. The aim of this study was to see/find out how prospective fathers experience the situation of emergency caesarean section. To study fathers experience of caesarean section we used a phenomenological research method. Five fathers participated in the study and data was obtained by qualitative research interviews. The data was analysed and divided into five categories: expectant fathers knowledge and expectations about giving birth, to not know what is happening, presence gives a feeling of participation, to be left alone or not with or without information and after the operation. Results of the study showed that prospective fathers´ birth expectations were that it will be a normal delivery. Their knowledge of emergency caesarean section is small and therefore they feel unprepared with the situation. Not receiving continuous information from the midwife makes the father worried and anxious and gives a negative feeling of the delivery. The fathers who received information during the process had a more positive feeling and a feeling of participation. A simple thing like getting information changes the way a person feels about a situation.

The purpose of the present study was twofold: (a) to design and determine the effect of Father Involvement Training (FIT), which is based on social-cognitive theory principals, on family functioning in father-adolescent relationships, and (b) to examine the effect of Father Involvement Training (FIT) on the quality of the peer relationships of 9th grade high school students, whose fathers participated in the study. The sample composed of twenty- six 9th grade students&rsquo / fathers. The 2x3 experimental design examined pre-training, post-training and six-month follow-up measurements of an experimental group and control group. Experimental group received a ten-week father involvement training which was developed by the researcher while the control group did not receive any training. Parent Success Indicator (PSI) was used to assess family functioning of fathers and Parent Adolescent Relationship Scale (PARS) was used to assess family functioning of children whose fathers participated in the study. In order to assess peer relationships of children, Peer Relationship Scale (PRS) was used. Data were analyzed by employing Mann Whitney U Test, Friedman Test, and Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test. The results revealed that the Father Involvement Training had significant effects on the father-child relationship and family functioning of experimental group&rsquo / s fathers. The experimental group&rsquo / s fathers had gained higher total scores both at the end of the study and at the follow-up measures in PSI. The adolescents, whose fathers participated in the experimental group, improved in close-relationship and sensitivity dimensions at the end of the study. However, the improvements were not maintained after the six months follow-up measurements. In addition, ratings of the children, whose fathers participated in the experimental group, decreased from pretest to follow-up measures on meeting expectations dimension of the PARS. Lastly, there was a significant improvement in trust and identification dimension of peer relationship levels of children whose fathers received the training compared to children whose fathers did not receive the training. The experimental group fathers&rsquo / evaluation reports indicated that fathers perceived improvement in different dimensions such as father child communication, behavioral changes in relationship with their children.

Three purposes of this study are (1) to explore the general pattern of Turkish fathers&rsquo / and their own fathers&rsquo / involvement level, (2) to investigated the possible effect of perceived own father involvement level on fathers own involvement level to their 0-8 year-old children&rsquo / s lives (2) to examine the determinants of fathers&rsquo / involvement into their 0-8 year old children. The participants in this study were 528 biological-resident fathers, who live in different districts of Ankara, the central city of Turkey. All of these fathers have at least one child who is between the ages of 0 and 8. The data of this study were collected through three different scales, Fatherhood Scale ( Dick, 2000), Inventory of Father Involvement ( Hawkins et al.,2002) and Suppose Support Scale (Yildirim,2004). In addition to these scales a demographic information form was also sent to fathers. The data were examined through a statistical analysis program. The results of descriptive analysis illustrated that fathers of both generation mostly engage in activities related to their provider role and their least engagement occurs in activities related with availability. MANOVA results indicated that there is a mean differences among three groups of fathers in the IFI 1 (Mother support and teaching) and IFI 3 (Availability) variable. On the other hand, Multiple Linear Regression Analysis indicated that only fathers&rsquo / age, their age of being father and their perceptions about how their suppose support them are significant predictors of fathers&rsquo / involvement level in their 0-8 year-old children&rsquo / s lives. Results of this study suggest the following implications. First, fathers, mothers or even children should be educated about the importance of paternal involvement. Second, in the current study two scales related with father involvement were adapted to Turkish culture. These two scales can be used in further research. Third, since different factor structures have been yielded through EFA from original factor structure, this study supported the idea that father involvement and fatherhood is a cultural issue. Although cultural issues were considered during adaptation process, since scales about father involvement were developed in Western cultures, evaluations about fathers&rsquo / involvement were done according to Western criteria. This study can encourage researchers to develop a cultural conceptualization of fatherhood and father involvement.

<p>Idag erbjuds familjer som fått ett prematurfött barn att gå hem med neonatal hemsjukvårddetta gör att vårdtiden på sjukhuset blir kortare och familjen får komma hem och vårdabarnet i hemmet. Fler sjukhus i Sverige ansluter sig till den neonatala hemsjukvården ochkan i och med det erbjuda föräldrarna denna form av vård. Faderskapet har utvecklats frånatt ha haft rollen som familjeförsörjare till att vara mer aktiv i föräldraskapet. Papporna tarmer plats i familjen. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva pappors upplevelser avneonatal hemsjukvård. Som datainsamlingsmetod utfördes intervjuer. För att genomförastudien och bearbeta materialet, användes en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Resultatetutmynnade i två teman, en tillfredsställelse i att få komma hem och en känsla av att bliomhändertagen av vårdpersonalen. Det första temat innebar att papporna upplevdefrihetskänsla, enkelhelhet och att det var ett naturligt steg. Det andra temat innebar attpapporna upplevde tillmötesgående vårdpersonal, lättillgängligheten och attvårdpersonalen var återkommande i hemmet. En av studiens konklusioner var att pappornaupplevde den neonatala hemsjukvården som en positiv upplevelse. Livet blev enklare ochsmidigare. I en eventuell kommande studie skulle det vara intressant att studera hurvårdpersonalen upplever stödet till papporna i den neonatala hemsjukvården.</p> / <p>Families of today who have a child born prematurely often go home from the hospital withneonatal homecare, this implies a reduced duration in the hospital. The parents can takecare of their child at home and they can stay in an familiar environment. Several hospitalsin Sweden can offer families neonatal homecare. The fatherhood has developed from beingan economic family support to a father who now is more active in parenting and take moreresponsibility in the family. The purpose with this study was to describe father’sexperiences of neonatal homecare. Interviews were performed with seven fathers. and thecontent of the interviews were analysed with a qualitative method. The result concludedtwo themes, one was the satisfaction of coming home and the other one was the feeling ofbeen taken care of by the staff. The first theme involved feelings of freedom, simplicityand a natural step. The second theme involved accommodating staff, easily accessible andreturned in the home. The fathers experienced the neonatal homecare very positive. Thelife became easier and more convenient. A future study focusing on how the staff workingwith neonatal homecare experience given support to fathers could give importantknowledge to improve the support of fathers.</p>

<p>Pappans närvaro under förlossning har ökat de senaste åren. Vid förlossning förväntas de spela en aktiv roll i form av stöd för kvinnan. Många män är inte beredda på att en normal förlossning hastigt kan behöva slutas med kejsarsnitt. Syftet med studien är att ta reda på och beskriva pappors upplevelser av akut kejsarsnitt. För att få fram pappors upplevelse användes en fenomenologisk forskningsmetod i form av kvalitativa forskningsintervjuer. Fem pappor deltog i studien. Data presenteras i fem kategorier; blivande pappors kunskap och förväntningar kring förlossning, att inte veta vad som händer, närvaro ger delaktighet, att bli lämnad ensam eller inte, med eller utan information samt efter operation. Resultatet visade att blivande pappors förväntningar kring förlossning är att det ska gå normalt till. Deras kunskap om akuta kejsarsnitt är liten och därmed känner de sig oförberedda inför händelsen. Om informationen från barnmorskan var bristande medförde det att pappan kände oro och att han inte var delaktig i processen. De pappor som får information känner sig mer trygga och får en mer positiv upplevelse. En sådan enkel handling som att informera om vad som sker kan ändra en hel syn på en upplevelse.</p> / <p>Fathers attendance during childbirth has increased during the years. They are expected to play an important role in supporting the woman during delivery. Many men are not aware that what seems to be a normal delivery suddenly can end with an emergency caesarean section. The aim of this study was to see/find out how prospective fathers experience the situation of emergency caesarean section. To study fathers experience of caesarean section we used a phenomenological research method. Five fathers participated in the study and data was obtained by qualitative research interviews. The data was analysed and divided into five categories: expectant fathers knowledge and expectations about giving birth, to not know what is happening, presence gives a feeling of participation, to be left alone or not with or without information and after the operation. Results of the study showed that prospective fathers´ birth expectations were that it will be a normal delivery. Their knowledge of emergency caesarean section is small and therefore they feel unprepared with the situation. Not receiving continuous information from the midwife makes the father worried and anxious and gives a negative feeling of the delivery. The fathers who received information during the process had a more positive feeling and a feeling of participation. A simple thing like getting information changes the way a person feels about a situation.</p>

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Objective. This study examined the factors associated with higher levels of paternal involvement among low-income, nonresidential, Black fathers. Method. Participants were 110 fathers of children up to the age of 10. Participants completed psychometrically sound measures of social support, spirituality, family of origin relationships, coparenting relationship quality, psychological well-being, motivation, conviction history, resilience, and father involvement. Results. A simultaneous multiple regression indicated that better psychological well-being and coparenting relationship quality and lower conviction rates since the birth of the child were significant predictors of higher levels of paternal involvement. Mediational analysis revealed that coparenting relationship quality partially mediated the relationship between psychological well-being and paternal involvement. Moderation analysis showed that social support moderated the relationship between psychological well-being and paternal involvement. Conclusions. This study provided evidence that several factors are related to higher levels of paternal involvement, specifically higher quality coparenting relationships and psychological well-being, more parenting-specific support from influential individuals, lower conviction rates since the birth of the child, and higher levels of resilience. The present study also illustrated the importance of examining disadvantaged fathers' strengths as targets for future interventions. Implications. Clinicians, social workers, program directors, and other individuals working with low-income, nonresidential, Black fathers should educate their clients on the factors associated with higher levels of paternal involvement as well as provide necessary resources to aid fathers to become more involved with their children.

Much research has been done in the area of toddler compliance/defiance and emotion regulation from a socialization perspective, and although some of this research has used attachment theory as a theoretical basis, there is little empirical literature that measures both attachment in infancy and parental limit-setting in toddlerhood as predictors of toddler compliance, emotionally negative defiance, or emotion regulation. In addition, few studies include fathers’ attachment and limit-setting along with mothers, or examine the different combinations of parenting units’ influence on toddler behavior. The goals of the current study are to assess how infant-parent attachment and parental limit-setting with mothers and fathers separately predict toddler behavior both with the same parent and with the other parent, and how different combinations of parental units, including mother-infant and father-infant attachment and maternal and paternal limit setting, relate to toddler behavior. This study uses longitudinal data, with the infantparent attachment relationships assessed using the Strange Situation at 12 and 15 months, and at 24-months the toddlers were brought into the lab and videotaped in a 20-minute play session, clean-up, and two teaching tasks with each parent. The parents were rated individually on their use of developmentally appropriate, permissive, and harsh/controlling parenting styles, and the toddlers were rated on compliance and emotionally negative defiance; the toddlers were also rated on emotion regulation in a separate task with an experimenter. Using OLS regression analyses, this study found parental limit-setting to be a stronger predictor of toddler behavior than attachment, and toddler behavior can only be predicted in the interaction with the same parent--maternal limit-setting does not predict toddler behavior with father or vice versa. Combinations of parent-infant attachment classifications were then assessed using ANOVAs, and different combinations of infant-parent attachment were related to toddlers’ emotion regulation. Hierarchical clustering techniques were implemented to determine how to create parenting units based on the different parenting styles, and four distinct clusters emerged: both parents developmentally appropriate, both parents are harsh/controlling and permissive, mother is appropriate and father is permissive, mother is permissive and father is appropriate. ANOVAs were then used to relate these clusters to the toddler behaviors. / text

published_or_final_version / Social Work and Social Administration / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy