<p>This doctoral thesis presents new ideas and research results on control of marine electric power system.</p><p>The main motivation for this work is the development of a control system, power management system (PMS) capable to improve the system robustness to blackout, handle major power system faults, minimize the operational cost and keep the power system machinery components under minimal stress in all operational conditions.</p><p>Today, the electric marine power system tends to have more system functionality implemented in integrated automation systems. The present state of the art type of tools and methods for analyzing marine power systems do only to a limited extent utilize the increased knowledge available within each of the mechanical and electrical engineering disciplines.</p><p>As the propulsion system is typically consisted of the largest consumers on the vessel, important interactions exists between the PMS and vessel propulsion system. These are interacted through the dynamic positioning (DP) controller, thrust allocation algorithm, local thruster controllers, generators' local frequency and voltage controllers. The PMS interacts with the propulsion system through the following main functions: available power static load control, load rate limiting control and blackout prevention control (i.e. fast load reduction). These functions serve to prevent the blackout and to ensure that the vessel will always have enough power.</p><p>The PMS interacts with other control systems in order to prevent a blackout and to minimize operational costs. The possibilities to maximize the performance of the vessel, increase the robustness to faults and decrease a component wear-out rate are mainly addressed locally for the individual control systems. The solutions are mainly implicative (for e.g. local thruster control, or DP thrust allocation), and attention has not been given on the interaction between these systems, the power system and PMS. Some of the questions that may arise regarding the system interactions, are as follows: how the PMS functionality may affect a local thruster control, how the local thruster control may affect the power system performance, how some consumers may affect the power system performance in normal operations and thus affect other consumers, how the power system operation may affect the susceptibility to faults and blackout, how various operating and weather conditions may affect the power system performance and thus propulsion performance though the PMS power limiting control, how propulsion performance may affect the overall vessel performance, which kind of faults can be avoided if the control system is re-structured, how to minimize the operational costs and to deal with the conflicting goals. This PhD thesis aims to provide answers to such questions.</p><p>The main contributions of this PhD thesis are:</p><p>− A new observer-based fast load reduction system for the blackout prevention control has been proposed. When compared to the existing fast load reduction systems, the proposed controller gives much faster blackout detection rate, high reliability in the detection and faster and more precise load reduction (within 150 miliseconds).</p><p>− New advanced energy management control strategies for reductions in the operational costs and improved fuel economy of the vessel.</p><p>− Load limiting controllers for the reduction of thruster wear-out rate. These controllers are based on the probability of torque loss, real-time torque loss and the thruster shaft</p><p>accelerations. The controllers provide means of redistributing thrust from load fluctuating thrusters to less load fluctuating ones, and may operate independently of the thrust allocation system. Another solution is also proposed where the load limiting controller based on thrust losses is an integrated part of DP thrust allocation algorithm.</p><p>− A new concept of totally integrated thrust allocation system, local thruster control and power system. These systems are integrated through PMS functionality which is contained within each thruster PLC, thereby distributed among individual controllers, and independent of the communications and dedicated controllers.</p><p>− Observer-based inertial controller and direct torque-loss controller (soft anti-spin controller) with particular attention to the control of machine wear-out rate. These controller contribute to general shaft speed control of electrical thrusters, generators and main propulsion prime movers.</p><p>The proposed controllers, estimators and concepts are demonstrated through time-domain simulations performed in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The selected data are typical for the required applications and may differ slightly for the presented cases.</p>

This doctoral thesis presents new ideas and research results on control of marine electric power system. The main motivation for this work is the development of a control system, power management system (PMS) capable to improve the system robustness to blackout, handle major power system faults, minimize the operational cost and keep the power system machinery components under minimal stress in all operational conditions. Today, the electric marine power system tends to have more system functionality implemented in integrated automation systems. The present state of the art type of tools and methods for analyzing marine power systems do only to a limited extent utilize the increased knowledge available within each of the mechanical and electrical engineering disciplines. As the propulsion system is typically consisted of the largest consumers on the vessel, important interactions exists between the PMS and vessel propulsion system. These are interacted through the dynamic positioning (DP) controller, thrust allocation algorithm, local thruster controllers, generators' local frequency and voltage controllers. The PMS interacts with the propulsion system through the following main functions: available power static load control, load rate limiting control and blackout prevention control (i.e. fast load reduction). These functions serve to prevent the blackout and to ensure that the vessel will always have enough power. The PMS interacts with other control systems in order to prevent a blackout and to minimize operational costs. The possibilities to maximize the performance of the vessel, increase the robustness to faults and decrease a component wear-out rate are mainly addressed locally for the individual control systems. The solutions are mainly implicative (for e.g. local thruster control, or DP thrust allocation), and attention has not been given on the interaction between these systems, the power system and PMS. Some of the questions that may arise regarding the system interactions, are as follows: how the PMS functionality may affect a local thruster control, how the local thruster control may affect the power system performance, how some consumers may affect the power system performance in normal operations and thus affect other consumers, how the power system operation may affect the susceptibility to faults and blackout, how various operating and weather conditions may affect the power system performance and thus propulsion performance though the PMS power limiting control, how propulsion performance may affect the overall vessel performance, which kind of faults can be avoided if the control system is re-structured, how to minimize the operational costs and to deal with the conflicting goals. This PhD thesis aims to provide answers to such questions. The main contributions of this PhD thesis are: − A new observer-based fast load reduction system for the blackout prevention control has been proposed. When compared to the existing fast load reduction systems, the proposed controller gives much faster blackout detection rate, high reliability in the detection and faster and more precise load reduction (within 150 miliseconds). − New advanced energy management control strategies for reductions in the operational costs and improved fuel economy of the vessel. − Load limiting controllers for the reduction of thruster wear-out rate. These controllers are based on the probability of torque loss, real-time torque loss and the thruster shaft accelerations. The controllers provide means of redistributing thrust from load fluctuating thrusters to less load fluctuating ones, and may operate independently of the thrust allocation system. Another solution is also proposed where the load limiting controller based on thrust losses is an integrated part of DP thrust allocation algorithm. − A new concept of totally integrated thrust allocation system, local thruster control and power system. These systems are integrated through PMS functionality which is contained within each thruster PLC, thereby distributed among individual controllers, and independent of the communications and dedicated controllers. − Observer-based inertial controller and direct torque-loss controller (soft anti-spin controller) with particular attention to the control of machine wear-out rate. These controller contribute to general shaft speed control of electrical thrusters, generators and main propulsion prime movers. The proposed controllers, estimators and concepts are demonstrated through time-domain simulations performed in MATLAB/SIMULINK. The selected data are typical for the required applications and may differ slightly for the presented cases.

L'objectif de cette thèse est d'optimiser l'utilisation d'actionneurs redondants pour un avion de transport lorsqu'une défaillance des actionneurs arrive en vol. La tolérance aux pannes résulte ici de la redondance des actionneurs présents sur l'avion. Différents concepts et méthodes classiques liés aux chaînes de commande de vol tolérantes aux pannes sont d'abord examinés et de nouveaux concepts utiles pour l'analyse requise sont introduits. Le problème qui est abordé ici est de développer une méthode de gestion des pannes des commandes de vol dans le cas d'une défaillance partielle des actionneurs, qui va permettre à l'avion de poursuivre en toute sécurité la manœuvre prévue. Une approche de commande en deux étapes est proposée et appliquée à la fois à l'évaluation de la manœuvrabilité restante et à la conception de structures de commande tolérante aux pannes. Dans le premier cas, une méthode d'évaluation hors ligne des qualités de vol basée sur la commande prédictive est proposée. Dans le second cas, une structure de commande tolérante aux pannes basée sur la commande non linéaire inverse et la réaffectation des actionneurs en ligne est développée. Dans les deux cas, un problème de programmation linéaire quadratique (LQ) est formulé. Différents cas de pannes sont considérés lorsqu'un avion effectue une manœuvre classique. Trois solveurs numériques sont appliqués aux solutions en ligne et hors ligne des problèmes LQ qui en résultent.

Complex distributed systems such as distributed information flows systems which continuously acquire manipulate and disseminate information across an enterprise's distributed sites and machines, and distributed server applications co-deployed in one or multiple shared data centers, with each of them having different performance/availability requirements that vary over time and competing with each other for the shared resources, have been playing a more serious role in industry and society now. Consequently, it becomes more important for enterprise scale IT infrastructure to provide timely and sustained/reliable delivery and processing of service requests. This hasn't become easier, despite more than 30 years of progress in distributed computer connectivity, availability and reliability, if not more difficult~cite{ReliableDistributedSys}, because of many reasons. Some of them are, the increasing complexity of enterprise scale computing infrastructure; the distributed nature of these systems which make them prone to failures, e.g., because of inevitable Heisenbugs in these complex distributed systems; the need to consider diverse and complex business objectives and policies including risk preference and attitudes in enterprise computing; the issues of performance and availability conflicts, varying importance of sub-systems in an enterprise's distributed infrastructure which compete for resource in currently typical shared environment; and the best effort nature of resources such as network resources, which implies resource availability itself an issue, etc. This thesis proposes a novel business policy-driven risk-based automated availability management which uses an automated decision engine to make various availability decisions and meet business policies while optimizing overall system utility, uses utility theory to capture users' risk attitudes, and address the potentially conflicting business goals and resource demands in enterprise scale distributed systems. For the critical and complex enterprise applications, since a key contributor to application utility is the time taken to recover from failures, we develop a novel proactive fault tolerance approach, which uses online methods for failure prediction to dynamically determine the acceptable amounts of additional processing and communication resources to be used (i.e., costs) to attain certain levels of utility and acceptable delays in failure recovery. Since resource availability itself is often not guaranteed in typical shared enterprise IT environments, this thesis provides IQ-Paths with probabilistic service guarantee, to address the dynamic network behavior in realistic enterprise computing environment. The risk-based formulation is used as an effective way to link the operational guarantees expressed by utility and enforced by the PGOS algorithm with the higher level business objectives sought by end users. Together, this thesis proposes novel availability management framework and methods for large-scale enterprise applications and systems, with the goal to provide different levels of performance/availability guarantees for multiple applications and sub-systems in a complex shared distributed computing infrastructure. More specifically, this thesis addresses the following problems. For data center environments, (1) how to provide availability management for applications and systems that vary in both resource requirements and in their importance to the enterprise, based both on operational level quantities and on business level objectives; (2) how to deal with managerial policies such as risk attitude; and (3) how to deal with the tradeoff between performance and availability, given limited resources in a typical data center. Since realistic business settings extend beyond single data centers, a second set of problems addressed in this thesis concerns predictable and reliable operation in wide area settings. For such systems, we explore (4) how to provide high availability in widely distributed operational systems with low cost fault tolerance mechanisms, and (5) how to provide probabilistic service guarantees given best effort network resources.

L'objectiu general d'aquest treball és trobar i mostrar una eina que permeti obtenir unarepresentació dels senyals procedents de sistemes dinàmics adequada a les necessitatsdels sistemes de Supervisió Experta de processos. Aquest objectiu general es pot subdividir en diverses parts, que són tractades en els diferents capítols que composen el treball i que es poden resumir en els següents punts:En primer lloc, cal conèixer les necessitats dels sistemes de Supervisió: La gran quantitat de dades que provenen dels processos fa necessari el tractament d'aquestes dades per obtenir-ne d'altres, més elaborades, amb un nivell més elevat de representació.La utilització de raonament qualitatiu, pròpia dels éssers humans, comporta la necessitat de representar simbòlicament els senyals, de traduir les dades numèriques en símbols.La Supervisió de sistemes dinàmics comporta que el temps sigui una variable fonamental, la asincronia dels esdeveniments significatius per a la Supervisió fa que les representacions més adequades i útils dels senyals siguinasíncrones. Finalment,l'ús dels coneixements experimentals en la Supervisió dels processos comporta que les representacions més naturals siguin les més útils.Aquestes necessitats fan de la representació dels senyals mitjançant episodis l'eina amb més possibilitats per assolir els objectius que es volen assolir. Per això, es presenta un formalisme que permet descriure i incloure-hi la formalització i les diferents aproximacions a aquest tipus de representació ja existents i, al mateix temps, augmentar-ne la significació a través de característiques dels senyals que noes tenen en compte en les aproximacions ja existents.El següent pas és aprofitar el nou formalisme per obtenir una nova representació amb un grau més gran de significació, cosa que s'aconsegueix representant explícitament les discontinuïtats i els períodes estacionaris o d'estabilitat, moltsignificatius en Supervisió de processos.Un problema sempre present en el tractament de senyals és el soroll que els afecta. Per aquest motiu es presenta un mètode que permet filtrar el soroll de manera que les representacions resultants quedin afectades el mínim possible per aquest tractament.Finalment, es presenta l'aplicació en línia de les eines descrites. La representació en línia dels senyals comporta el tractament de la incertesa inherent al coneixement parcial del senyal (un episodi no pot ser determinat i caracteritzat completament fins que no s'acaba). L'obtenció de resultats amb determinats graus de certesa és perfectament coherent amb la seva utilització posterior mitjançant Sistemes Expertso altres eines de la IA. Totes les aportacions del treball vénen acompanyades d'exemples i/o aplicacions que permeten observar-ne la utilitat i les limitacions.

Cette thèse est consacrée à l'étude de la robustesse/sensibilité d'un algorithme auto-convergeant face aux SEU's. Ces phénomènes appelés aussi bit-flips qui se traduit par le basculement intempestif du contenu d'un élément mémoire comme conséquence de l'ionisation produite par le passage d'une particule chargée avec le matériel. Cette étude pourra avoir un impact important vu la conjoncture de miniaturisation qui permettra bientôt de disposer de circuits avec des centaines à des milliers de cœurs de traitement sur une seule puce, pour cela il faudra faire les cœurs communiquer de manière efficace et robustes. Dans ce contexte les algorithme dits auto-convergeants peuvent être utilis afin que la communication entre les cœurs soit fiable et sans intervention extérieure. Une étude par injection de fautes de la robustesse de l'algorithme étudié a été effectuée, cet algorithme a été initialement exécuté par un processeur LEON3 implémenté dans un FPGA embarqué dans une plateforme de test spécifique. Les campagnes préliminaires d'injection de fautes issus d'une méthode de l'état de l'art appelée CEU (Code Emulated Upset) ont mis en évidence une certaine sensibilité aux SEUs de l'algorithme. Pour y faire face des modifications du logiciel ont été effectuées et des techniques de tolérance aux fautes ont été implémentés au niveau logiciel dans le programme implémentant l'algorithme. Des expériences d'injection de fautes ont été effectués pour mettre en évidence la robustesse face aux SEUs et ses potentiels « Tallons d'Achille » de l'algorithme modifié. L'impact des SEUs a été aussi exploré sur l'algorithme auto-convergeant implémenté dans une version hardware dans un FPGA. L'évaluation de cette méthodologie a été effectuée par des expériences d'injection de fautes au niveau RTL du circuit. Ces résultats obtenus avec cette méthode ont montré une amélioration significative de la robustesse de l'algorithme en comparaison avec sa version logicielle. / This thesis is devoted to the study of the robustness/sensitivity of a self-converging algorithm with respect to SEU's. These phenomenon also called bit-flips which may modify the content of memory elements as the result of the silicon ionization resulting from the impact of a charged particles. This study may have a significant impact given the conditions of miniaturization that will soon have circuits with hundreds to thousands of processing cores on a single chip, this will require make the cores communicate effectively and robust manner. In this context the so-called self-converging algorithm can be used to ensure that communication between cores is reliable and without external intervention. A fault injection study of the robustness of the algorithm was performed, this algorithm was initially executed by a processor LEON3 implemented in the FPGA embedded in a specific platform test. Preliminary fault injection from a method the state of the art called CEU showed some sensitivity to SEUs of algorithm. To cope with the software changes were made and techniques for fault tolerance have been implemented in software in the program implementing the self-converging algorithm. The fault injection experiments were made to demonstrate the robustness to SEU's and potential problems of the modified algorithm. The impact of SEUs was explored on a hardware-implemented self-converging algorithm in a FPGA. The evaluation of this method was performed by fault injection at RTL level circuit. These results obtained with this method have shown a significant improvement of the robustness of the algorithm in comparison with its software version.

Submitted by Emanuel Varela Cardoso (emanuel.varela@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-05-07T20:16:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANTONIO ISAAC LUNA DE LACERDA – TESE (PPGEE) 2016.pdf: 20857733 bytes, checksum: 28767af2f770d3e0a8b3544e02207602 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-07T20:16:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANTONIO ISAAC LUNA DE LACERDA – TESE (PPGEE) 2016.pdf: 20857733 bytes, checksum: 28767af2f770d3e0a8b3544e02207602 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-29 / A cont abilidade do equipamento de acionamento estático é extremamente importante do ponto de vista e ficiência energética. A detecção da falha é necessária para preservar o desempenho do conversor por um maior tempo possível. Este trabalho investiga a capacidade de tolerância a falhas do inversor e retifi cador ANPC (Active Neutral Point Clamped ) de três níveis modi ficado, quando suas chaves são submetidas a falhas de circuito aberto e curto circuito. Com o objetivo de melhorar o comportamento do conversor quando da falha de uma chave, foram introduzidos tiristores adicionais, um para cada chave do braço do inversor, e fusíveis em série com as chaves de grampeamento. São apresentados métodos para detecção e identi ficação de falhas juntamente com esquemas de reconfi gurações para trinta tipos de falhas. Resultados de simulação e experimentais corroboram os estudo teóricos de operação dos conversores. Os resultados de simulação são obtidos a partir do software PSIM, enquanto os resultados experimentais são obtidos a partir de uma plataforma de desenvolvimento experimental controlado pelo processador digital de sinais TMS320F28335. / The power electronics equipment reliability is a very important aspect from the energy e -ciency point of view. So, fault detection and its compensation, becomes extremely necessary for maintaining the process under fault condition near normal operation for a period of time as long as possible. This work investigates the fault-tolerant capacity of a modi ed three-level ANPC (Active Neutral Point Clamped) inverter and recti er when its switches are submitted to open and short-circuit failures. Additional thyristors, one for each inverter main switch, and fuses in series with the clamping switches have been introduced in order to improve the converter behavior when a switch fails. Fault detection and identi cation methods are presented together with con gured schemes for thirty types of failures. Simulation and experimental results are presented in order to con rm the validity of the proposed solutions, the simulation results are obtained from the software PSIM, whereas the experimental results are obtained from one experimental development platform controlled by a digital signal processor TMS320F28335.

O presente trabalho consiste na proposta de um novo protocolo de transporte para redes tolerantes a atrasos e desconexões (DTN - Delay Tolerant Network) chamado PTTA - Protocolo de Transporte Tolerante a Atrasos (em inglês - DTTP - Delay Tolerant Transport Protocol). Este protocolo tem o objetivo de oferecer uma confiabilidade estatística na entrega das informações em redes deste tipo. Para isso, serão utilizados Códigos Fontanais como técnica de correção de erros. Os resultados mostram as vantagens da utilização do PTTA. Este trabalho ainda propõe um mecanismo de controle da fonte adaptável para o PTTA a fim de limitar a quantidade de dados gerados pela origem (fonte). O esquema proposto almeja aumentar a diversidade das informações codificadas sem o aumento da carga na rede. Para atingir este objetivo o intervalo de geração e o TTL (Time To Live - Tempo de vida) das mensagens serão manipulados com base em algumas métricas da rede. A fim de validar a eficiência do mecanismo proposto, diferentes cenários foram testados utilizando os principais protocolos de roteamento para DTNs. Os resultados de desempenho foram obtidos levando em consideração o tamanho do buffer, o TTL das mensagens e a quantidade de informação redundante gerada na rede. Os resultados de simulações obtidos através do simulador ONE mostram que nos cenários avaliados, o PTTA alcança um aumento na taxa de entrega das informações em um menor tempo, quando comparado com outro protocolo de transporte sem confirmação, permitindo assim um ganho de desempenho na rede. / The present work consists in the proposal of a new transport protocol for delay tolerant networks and disconnections (DTN - Delay Tolerant Network) called DTTP - Delay Tolerant Transport Protocol (in portuguese – PTTA - Protocolo de Transporte Tolerante a Atrasos). This protocol aims to provide a statistical reliability in DTNs' information delivery. For this, we use fountain codes as error correction technique. The results show the advantages of using DTTP. This work also proposes an adaptive control mechanism for the DTTP source to limit the amount of generated data. The proposed scheme aims at increasing the diversity of encoded information without increasing the load on the network. To achieve this goal the messages generation interval and TTL (Time To Live) will be handled based on some network metrics. In order to validate the efficiency of the proposed mechanism, different scenarios will be tested using the main routing protocols for DTNs. The performance results were obtained taking into account the buffer size, messages TTL and the amount of redundant information generated on the network. The simulation results, obtained through The ONE simulator, show that in the evaluated scenarios PTTA achieves an increase in the information delivery rate in a shorter time compared to other transport protocol for confirmation, thus allowing a gain in the network performance.

Esta tese apresenta um novo protocolo de roteamento voltado para as Redes Tolerantes a Atrasos que exibem comportamentos complexos e dinâmicos. O protocolo proposto chama-se Cultural GrAnt (do inglês Cultural Greedy Ant) uma vez que este utiliza um sistema híbrido composto por um Algoritmo Cultural (AC) e uma versão gulosa da meta-heurística de Otimização por Colônia de Formigas (ACO). No Cultural GrAnt, o ACO representa o espaço populacional de um AC e utiliza uma regra de transição gulosa de modo a intensificar bons caminhos já encontrados ou explorar novos caminhos através da seleção, dentre um conjunto de candidatos, dos nós encaminhadores de mensagens mais promissores. A principal motivação para o uso do ACO é tirar proveito da sua busca baseada em população de indivíduos e da adaptação da sua estrutura de aprendizado. O AC obtém informações durante o processo evolucionário e as utiliza para guiar a população e, então, acelerar o aprendizado enquanto provê soluções mais eficientes. Considerando informações de funções heurísticas, concentração de feromônio e conhecimentos armazenados no espaço de crenças do AC, o protocolo Cultural GrAnt inclui três módulos: roteamento; escalonamento; e gerenciamento de buffer. Esse é o primeiro protocolo de roteamento que emprega ACO e AC de modo a: inferir os melhores encaminhadores de mensagens através de informações oportunistas sobre a conectividade social entre os nós; determinar os melhores caminhos que uma mensagem deve seguir para eventualmente alcançar o seu destino final, enquanto limita o número de replicações e descartes de mensagens na rede; determinar a ordem de escalonamento das mensagens; e gerenciar o espaço de armazenamento do buffer dos nós. O protocolo Cultural GrAnt é comparado com os protocolos Epidêmico e PROPHET em dois cenários de mobilidade distintos: um modelo de movimento baseado em atividades, onde simula-se o dia-a-dia de pessoas em suas atividades de trabalho, lazer e descanso; e um modelo de movimento baseado em comunidades de pessoas. Os resultados de simulações obtidos através do simulador ONE mostram que em ambos os cenários, o protocolo Cultural GrAnt alcança uma taxa mais alta de entrega de mensagens, uma replicação menor de mensagens e um número menor de mensagens descartadas se comparado com os protocolos Epidêmico e PROPHET. / This work presents a new routing protocol for complex and dynamic Delay Tolerant Networks (DTN). The proposed protocol is called Cultural GrAnt (Greedy Ant), as it uses a hybrid system composed of a Cultural Algorithm and a greedy version of the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) metaheuristic. In Cultural GrAnt, ACO represents the population space of the cultural algorithm and uses a greedy transition rule to either exploit previously found good paths or explore new paths by selecting, among a set of candidates, the most promising message forwarders. The main motivation for using ACO is to take advantage of its population-based search and adaptive learning framework. Conversely, CA gathers information during the evolutionary process and uses it to guide the population and thus accelerate learning while providing more efficient solutions. Considering information from heuristic functions, pheromone concentration, and knowledge stored in the CA belief space, the Cultural GrAnt protocol includes three modules: routing, scheduling, and buffer management. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first routing protocol that employs both ACO and CA to infer the best message forwarders using opportunistic information about social connectivity between nodes, determine the best paths a message must follow to eventually reach its destination while limiting message replications and droppings, and perform message transmission scheduling and buffer space management. Cultural GrAnt is compared to the Epidemic and PROPHET protocols in two different mobility scenarios: an activity-based movement model, which simulates the daily lives of people in their work, leisure and rest activities; and a community-based movement model. Simulation results obtained by the ONE simulator show that, in both scenarios, Cultural GrAnt achieves a higher delivery ratio, lower message replication, and fewer dropped messages than Epidemic and PROPHET.

O presente trabalho consiste na proposta de um novo protocolo de transporte para redes tolerantes a atrasos e desconexões (DTN - Delay Tolerant Network) chamado PTTA - Protocolo de Transporte Tolerante a Atrasos (em inglês - DTTP - Delay Tolerant Transport Protocol). Este protocolo tem o objetivo de oferecer uma confiabilidade estatística na entrega das informações em redes deste tipo. Para isso, serão utilizados Códigos Fontanais como técnica de correção de erros. Os resultados mostram as vantagens da utilização do PTTA. Este trabalho ainda propõe um mecanismo de controle da fonte adaptável para o PTTA a fim de limitar a quantidade de dados gerados pela origem (fonte). O esquema proposto almeja aumentar a diversidade das informações codificadas sem o aumento da carga na rede. Para atingir este objetivo o intervalo de geração e o TTL (Time To Live - Tempo de vida) das mensagens serão manipulados com base em algumas métricas da rede. A fim de validar a eficiência do mecanismo proposto, diferentes cenários foram testados utilizando os principais protocolos de roteamento para DTNs. Os resultados de desempenho foram obtidos levando em consideração o tamanho do buffer, o TTL das mensagens e a quantidade de informação redundante gerada na rede. Os resultados de simulações obtidos através do simulador ONE mostram que nos cenários avaliados, o PTTA alcança um aumento na taxa de entrega das informações em um menor tempo, quando comparado com outro protocolo de transporte sem confirmação, permitindo assim um ganho de desempenho na rede. / The present work consists in the proposal of a new transport protocol for delay tolerant networks and disconnections (DTN - Delay Tolerant Network) called DTTP - Delay Tolerant Transport Protocol (in portuguese – PTTA - Protocolo de Transporte Tolerante a Atrasos). This protocol aims to provide a statistical reliability in DTNs' information delivery. For this, we use fountain codes as error correction technique. The results show the advantages of using DTTP. This work also proposes an adaptive control mechanism for the DTTP source to limit the amount of generated data. The proposed scheme aims at increasing the diversity of encoded information without increasing the load on the network. To achieve this goal the messages generation interval and TTL (Time To Live) will be handled based on some network metrics. In order to validate the efficiency of the proposed mechanism, different scenarios will be tested using the main routing protocols for DTNs. The performance results were obtained taking into account the buffer size, messages TTL and the amount of redundant information generated on the network. The simulation results, obtained through The ONE simulator, show that in the evaluated scenarios PTTA achieves an increase in the information delivery rate in a shorter time compared to other transport protocol for confirmation, thus allowing a gain in the network performance.