Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-26T14:52:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FabianoCoelho-1.pdf: 922012 bytes, checksum: df479a5ff198e703bf6ce710aebac192 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-06-15 / The Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra MST (Landless Worker Movement) has been a research aim in the most varied knowledge fields, hence evidencing its wealth and action amplitude among society. This movement has emerged in the first half of the eighties, mainly owing to the social, political and economical reality of the time, not to mention the fundamental support from the religious agents connected with the CPT. Therefore, the movement has resisted over twenty-six years in the Brazilian setting and it is known as a movement in motion whose history is in its coming-to-be. Since its creation, and among many activities and actions, its organization has developed one practice called mystic. In this perspective, this work has as its aim the discussion of how the MST had thought and has been systematizing the practice of the mystic in its organization. So as to write this narrative, a varied set of sources was analyzed, highlighting the several printed materials, images as well as oral sources published by the MST. This temporal cutting delimited between the decade of 1980 and the year of 2009 characterizes the work into something that may be denominated as present time story. The mystic was developed by the religious agents who advised the Movement. These advisors were very popular among the workers. Thus, the MST has grasped such practice and has re-meant it for its struggle, investing in their own mystic, or even better, in a new doing. Investing in creating the mystic is something intense for the Movement, so it must be developed in the most distinct spaces and circumstances. The mystic might be performed in a very diverse and plural way, taking into consideration the context and the reality of the group. Its making is in a theatrical way, by having music, poetry and many symbols. As a cultural and political practice, this is a moment in which the Movement is able to communicate effectively with the subjects, producing representations concerning everything that composes the way of being of the landless worker. The mystic has become essential and strategical in the organization of the MST, and it is gifted with power, id est, it brings about memory, representation and political action. In both camping sites Madre Cristina and Estrela da Ilha, the subjects have experienced with this practice, resulting in meanings and senses in their lives. The mystic was developed in the settlement according to the context and the quotidian of the people. While in the settlements, the subjects did not perform the mystic, evidencing that this practice also has its own limits, not being able to extend its effects for all the areas in which the participants of the MST are / O Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) tem sido objeto de pesquisa nos mais variados campos do saber, evidenciando, assim, sua riqueza e amplitude de ações face à sociedade. Emergido na primeira metade da década de 1980, sobretudo, a partir da realidade política, econômica e social da época, e por meio do apoio fundamental de agentes religiosos ligados à CPT, o Movimento resiste há mais de vinte e seis anos no cenário brasileiro e se configura como um Movimento em movimento, em que sua história está em seu devir. Desde sua criação, entre tantas atividades e ações, sua organização desenvolveu uma prática chamada mística. Nesta perspectiva, este trabalho tem por objetivo discutir como o MST pensou e vem sistematizando a prática da mística em sua organização. Para a escrita da narrativa, analisou-se um conjunto variado de fontes, destacando diversos materiais impressos publicados pelo MST, imagens e fontes orais. O recorte temporal delimitado situa-se entre a década de 1980 e o ano de 2009, caracterizando o trabalho no que pode ser denominada história do tempo presente. A mística era desenvolvida pelos agentes religiosos que prestavam assessoria ao Movimento e tinha grande aceitação entre os sujeitos. Deste modo, o MST se apropriou de tal prática e a ressignificou para as suas lutas, investindo em uma mística própria, ou melhor, em um novo fazer. O investimento no fazer da mística é intenso por parte do Movimento, devendo ela ser desenvolvida nos mais distintos espaços e circunstâncias. A mística pode ser realizada de maneira diversa e plural, levando em consideração o contexto e a realidade do grupo. O seu fazer é em forma de teatro, contendo músicas, poesias e muitos símbolos em seu interior. Como uma prática cultural e política, e um momento em que o Movimento consegue se comunicar eficazmente com os sujeitos, construindo representações sobre tudo aquilo que compõe o modo de ser Sem Terra, a mística se tornou essencial e estratégica na organização do MST, sendo ela dotada de poder, isto é, desencadeadora de memória, representação e ação política. No acampamento Madre Cristina e no assentamento Estrela da Ilha, os sujeitos tiveram experiências com essa prática, tendo ela significados e sentidos em suas vidas. A mística era desenvolvida no acampamento de acordo com o contexto e o cotidiano do grupo. Já no assentamento, os sujeitos não realizavam a mística, evidenciando que essa prática também tem seus limites, não podendo assim, estender seus efeitos para todos os espaços em que se fazem presentes integrantes do MST

Orientador: Jose Julio Gavião de Almeida / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação Física / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T14:09:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gomes_MarianaSimoesPimentel_D.pdf: 3531655 bytes, checksum: fa04f1089c3b7ba483d4fcd577427fd0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: A ânsia em compreender como as Lutas e Esportes de Combates (L&EC) são ensinados na universidade nos impulsionou a desenvolver este estudo, que trata dos saberes que permeiam o ensino deste objeto. O entendimento do conceito e lógica do saber lutar, que diz respeito à intenção tática e capacidade de adaptação aos imprevistos dos combates, possibilitou a identificação de outros saberes que fundamentam o ensino das L&EC na universidade. Partimos da premissa de que um saber, para ser ensinado deve sofrer transformações, tornando-se ensinável e a transposição didática, emprestada ao campo da didática clínica, observa e analisa este processo de transmissão dos saberes. Neste sentido, este estudo buscou entender os saberes que os professores de Lutas/Esportes de Combate selecionam para ensinar, bem como o processo de transformação e transmissão desses saberes para os alunos na universidade. A orientação clínica de pesquisa sugere, que para compreendermos toda a singularidade dos sujeitos é necessário conhecermos sua história, suas intenções para posteriormente confrontá-las com a prática, indicando possíveis diferenças entre o que o sujeito declara e o que ele realmente faz. Selecionamos dois professores das disciplinas savate boxe francês/canne de combat (Roger) e esgrima (Jean) do curso de Educação Física da universidade de Toulouse na França e observamos três aulas de cada um deles. Identificamos variáveis didáticas que caracterizaram sua abordagem de ensino (relação de oposição, cooperação, processo de devolução, repetição/demonstração, arbitragem e capacidades físicas) e a partir daí discutimos o discurso e prática dos professores, reconstruindo o caso dos Roger e Jean, analisando suas escolhas didáticas, as possíveis transformações em seus saberes de referência e as presumíveis razões que os levam a agir de uma determinada maneira. Encontramos semelhanças e diferenças no ensino dos dois professores que se relacionaram à natureza das atividades que ensinam, sua história pessoal e experiência de vida, assim como aos saberes que os servem como referência. Em ambos os casos, à seus métodos, os professores exploram o saber lutar em suas aulas, porém, não parecem fornecer aos alunos, nas sessões analisadas, ferramentas para ensiná-lo quando professores no futuro. / Abstract: The willing to understand how the combat sports are taught in the university has pushed us to develop this study, which talks about the knowledge that composes the teaching of combat sports. Understanding the concept and the logics of the fighting knowledge, which are related to a tactical intention and adaptation capacity to the impredicts of a combat, has provided us with the pointing of other knowledge that substantiate the teaching of combat sports in the university. We assume that knowledge to be taught should be transformed, becoming teachable and didactic transposition, borrowed from the field of clinical didactics, observes and analyzes the process of transmission of knowledge. Thus, this study sought to understand the knowledge that Combat Sports professors select to teach as well as the process of transformation and transmission of these knowledges to students at the university. The orientation of clinical research suggests that to understand the uniqueness of all individuals is necessary to know their history, their intentions to subsequently compare them with practice, indicating possible differences between what the person says and what she actually does. We selected two professors from two different subjects: savate french boxing / canne de combat (Roger) and fencing (Jean) from the undergraduation in Physical Education from the University of Toulouse in France, and we observed three classes each. We identified categories that characterized their didactic teaching approach (relation of opposition, cooperation, return process, repetition/demonstration, arbitration and physical abilities) and thereafter discussed the speech and practice of professors, rebuilding the case of Roger and Jean, analyzing their didactic choices, the possible changes in their knowledge of reference and the presumed reasons that may lead them to act in a certain way. We found similarities and differences in the teaching of the two professors, which were related to the nature of activities that they teach, their personal history and life experience, as well as the knowledge that serve them as reference. In both cases, in their methods, teachers explore the fighting knowledge in their classes, however, they do not seem to provide students, in the analyzed sessions, tools to teach it when they become teachers in the future / Doutorado / Atividade Fisica Adaptada / Doutora em Educação Física

The following essay analyzes the novel Fight Club by Chuck Palahniuk from three different perspectives; Marxism/capitalism, masculinity, and the Oedipal complex. The aim is to understand why the protagonist in the novel uses violence as a means of expression. In the end it is concluded that all three perspectives are important factors when trying to understand the character's violent behavior.

Par les sentiments qu’elle a suscités, les discours ou les images qu’elle a générés, la baïonnette offre à l’historien une entrée intéressante pour étudier les imaginaires à l’épreuve de la Première Guerre mondiale. Elle permet de s’interroger, par-delà la diversité des supports, sur les modèles dominants et leur remise en cause, avant et pendant la guerre. Pourquoi l’assaut et le combat « à la baïonnette », topoi de la représentation du combat avant 1914, tiennent une place prépondérante dans le discours de guerre qui se met en place dès les premières semaines ? Ancré dans des pratiques bien établies avant 1914, favorisé par le contexte spécifique des entrées en guerre, l’engouement pour la baïonnette se heurte cependant à la violence des affrontements qui ne lui laisse qu’une place très marginale. Les autorités militaires et les principaux producteurs de biens culturels se détournent au fil des mois des ressorts héroïques du début de la guerre pour amorcer, selon une chronologie propre à chaque acteur, un tournant discursif vers davantage de sobriété et de réalisme. La baïonnette témoigne donc de l’évolution du discours dominant. Cette arme invite également à travailler sur la réception par les contemporains de cet imaginaire, avant et pendant la guerre. Si la plupart des mobilisés étaient imprégnés de représentations conventionnelles du combat avant 1914, la réalité des assauts se révèle nettement plus éprouvante. Le positionnement des combattants face à cet imaginaire est complexe, oscillant entre colère, résignation et appropriation plus ou moins consciente, plus ou moins affichée, d’une représentation de la guerre erronée, certes, mais incontestablement puissante. / Through the feelings it aroused, the speeches or pictures it created, the fixed bayonet gives an opportunity for the historian to study the ideals underpinning the Great War. Media portrayals of the bayonet as a field weapon changed during the war. The effectiveness of the bayonet as a weapon of war challenged prevailing official attitudes both before and during it. In the early stages of the conflict, it was a cliché and yet true, that battles using fixed bayonets played a prominent role in war speeches. As a typical cliché of warfare before 1914, it was rooted as a well-established practice. However, the fixed bayonet model did not match the requirements of the more violent clashes of the new conflict. As time progressed, military officials and all branches of the media started turning their back on what was considered as heroism at the beginning of WWI. Over a period of time the different media started delivering information that was more sober and realistic. The way fixed bayonets were portrayed reflects the evolution in mainstream official speeches. A focus on the weapon also provides an opportunity to take into account how contemporaries dealt with the varying representations before and during the war. Whilst most soldiers were influenced by common preconceptions about fighting at the front pre-1914, the down-to-earth reality proved much more demanding. Soldiers’ reactions towards official war representations were complex, ranging from anger to resignation. With assumptions that were more or less conscious, more or less expressed, soldiers began to consider the realities of war and consequently saw the representations as being false and yet undeniably powerful.

La dialectique des rapports entre liberté et sécurité dans le cadre de la lutte contre le terrorisme met en lumière l'ambivalence et les difficultés d'articulation de ces concepts, qui traduisent le dilemme propre aux régimes démocratiques: comment défendre la démocratie sans pour autant la, détruire. L'intérêt renouvelé du sujet trouve son origine dans les événements du 11 septembre 2001, macabres témoins de l'ampleur de la dissémination et de la privatisation de la violence qui ont radicalisé les effets et les caractéristiques de la criminalité terroriste. Face à la redoutable force du terrorisme, dont la définition en droit demeure imprécise, la réponse des gouvernements nationaux a consisté essentiellement en l'adoption de dispositifs et de mesures qui défient ouvertement les droits de l'homme et les principes de l'État de droit. La question de la protection des droits de l'homme dans la lutte contre le terrorisme fait émerger la figure du juge, auquel incombe notamment la mission de brider l'action arbitraire de l'exécutif et les excès d'un législateur « terrorisé ». L'approche de la Convention européenne d~s droits de l'homme et de la jurisprudence de la Cour de Strasbourg a marqué de son empreinte le débat concernant la protection des droits de l'homme dans la lutte antiterroriste en Europe et dans le monde et constitue un point de référence incontournable dans ce domaine. L'étude de la jurisprudence en la matière permet de s'interroger sur le fait de savoir si la jurisprudence de la Cour ces dix dernières années s'inscrit dans la continuité de la jurisprudence antérieure et, éventuellement, de quelle manière la prédominance du volet préventif des mesures antiterroristes est parvenue à influer sur le contrôle du juge, qui doit trouver l'équilibre entre la sauvegarde des droits et des libertés et les considérations ayant trait à l'idée de nécessité de défendre la société démocratique. Ainsi. l'analyse du contentieux terroriste» s'est concentré, dans un premier temps, sur la protection des droits et libertés intimement liés à la prééminence du droit et du pluralisme démocratique, et dans un second, sur la protection de la vie et l'intégrité humaines, deux valeurs fondamentales de la société démocratique. Face au risque de recul considérable du contrôle juridictionnel et d'une différenciation systématique de la portée de la protection des droits et des libertés en fonction de la gravité de la menace représentée par le terrorisme, la réponse de la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme fait preuve de l'affirmation des principes conventionnels et de la sauvegarde des valeurs inhérentes aux droits de l’homme et à la société démocratique, qui transcendent la Convention européenne dans son ensemble.. / The dialectic relation between liberty and security in the context of the fight against terrorism illustrates the ambivalence and the difficulties of the articulation of these concepts, underlying the classical dilemma in the democratic political regimes: how to defend democracy without destroying its essence. The renewed interest for the subject. finds its origin in the events of September II, sinister witnesses of the extent of the dissemination and privatization of violence, which radicalized the effects and characteristics of terrorist criminality. Confronted with the tremendous force of terrorism, whose definition in law remains imprecise, national governments responded by adopting legislative measures and practices. which defy openly human rights and the Rule of Law. As far as the question of the protection of human rights is concerned. it is the judge. who has the task to limit the arbitrary action of the executive and the "excesses" of the terrorized legislator. The approach of the European Convention of Human Rights and the case-law of the Court of Strasbourg have marked the debate relating to the protection of human rights in the fight against terrorism in Europe and word wide. and has become an essential reference in this field. The study of the case -law permits us to pose the question as to whether the case-law of the Court within the last decade has radically evolved and eventually whether the predominant preventive aspect of antiterrorist policies has had an impact on the control applied by the judges. who must struck a balance between the respect of human rights and security interests in a democratic society. In this regard. the analysis of the "terrorist case-law" is based. firstly. on the protection of rights and liberties closely connected to the Rule of Law and to democratic pluralism. and secondly. on the protection of human life and dignity. two values which are fundamental in democratic societies. In spite of the danger of an attenuated proportionality control and a systematic differentiation of the scope of the protection of the rights and liberties according to the gravity of the terrorist threat the response of the European Court of Human Rights consists in reaffirming the principles of the European Convention and the values inherent to human rights and democratic society.

Name of the thesis: Fight against tax evasion Fight against tax evasion has become an all-society and mainly international problem. The task of this thesis is to approach the issue of tax evasion and give analysis of current legislation and measures combating the perpetration of tax evasion in the Czech Republic and abroad. This thesis seeks, inter alia, to describe how the international community, including the Czech Republic, handles with increasingly complex issue of tax evasion and to evaluate effective but also intended measures and their actual importance in connection with fight against tax evasion. The thesis is in addition to introduction and conclusion divided into four chapters. The first chapter of the thesis describes the basic definitions related to taxes and tax system in general. The second chapter deals with the term tax evasion, the causes of its occurrence and its consequences. This chapter also defines the terms closely related to tax evasion, i.e. tax havens and grey economy. The third chapter presents different types of tax evasion in the Czech Republic, with a deeper analysis of value added tax, consumption tax and income tax. The fourth chapter is the most important part of the thesis. It deals with measures taken in order to combat tax evasion in the USA, Organization for...

The thesis deals with the problematic around the fight against corruption in Europe. Specifically it focuses on two organizations: OLAF and GRECO. The aim of this thesis is to determine how intensively these two organizations have contributed in the fight against corruption in Europe. Historical description, analysis of institutional settings and comparative analysis were used as methods for the solution. The sub-questions, which focused on the organizational structure, the opportunity to influence the investigation, the possibility of setting up anti-corruption policies in Europe and the opportunity to influence the legislation in its Member States, helped to answer the main question. Carrying out this comparison, it was found that although OLAF can conduct its own investigation of financial fraud, it has not got the ability to set up anti-corruption policies in Europe, neither has it got the possibility to influence the legislation in its Member States. In contrast, GRECO does not investigate financial fraud, but it may, to some degree, have influence on setting up the anti-corruption policies in Europe. GRECO also has the power to influence the legislation of its Member States. The conclusion of this work delivers a report on the status and capability to fight against corruption in Europe (from an EU and European Council perspective). It also provides material about the work of OLAF and GRECO in the Czech language.

The main theme of this thesis is English war poetry. The thesis refers to two particular wars, the Crimean (1853-1856) and World War One (1914-1918), and analyzes their reflection in English poetry. By doing so, it compares the war poems from these periods and inspects the writers' messages behind them. The thesis aims to scrutinize how the depiction of war had changed through time, alongside with the reasons affected it. In terms of structure, the theoretical part describes the different contexts (historical, cultural, and literary) of the chosen poems, while the practical part features scrutiny of these works. KEY WORDS Poetry, soldier, duty, death, attitude, criticism, propaganda

The main theme of this thesis is English war poetry. The thesis refers to two particular wars, the Crimean (1853-1856) and World War One (1914-1918), and analyzes their reflection in English poetry. By doing so, it compares the war poems from these periods and inspects the writers' messages behind them. The thesis aims to scrutinize how the depiction of war had changed through time, alongside with the reasons affected it. In terms of structure, the theoretical part describes the different contexts (historical, cultural, and literary) of the chosen poems, while the practical part features scrutiny of these works. KEY WORDS Poetry, soldier, duty, death, attitude, criticism, propaganda

This essay consists of a fragmental process and collection of different theories and inspirational hangups from different academics, artists and my own thoughts and memories from my childhood. The essay also consists of my own poetry and collection of words I have found describing for my own practice. My ambition is to understand why I have always been a sculptor. The research is mainly about my own relationship to Cathrene Malabous writing about destructive plasticity and how it's connected to the brain. What happens to a body and mind when you've been traumatized? And how do I connect that knowledge with my own artistic practice? The research also touches on questions relevant to our historical and contemporary society to think about when it comes to solutions for how to cure the image we have of bodies that suffer from mental illness.