Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco Antonio Gonsales de Oliveira.pdf: 821580 bytes, checksum: 3038e800998ac733d4e86a34a657834b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-10-21 / This study sought to draw in the context of productive restructuring and the role of micro and small enterprises in this context. Everything indicates that the small business is in a favorable environment for its development despite the employment crisis and the challenge of its own restructuring process in the administrative and technological low cost of small business. The small business is benefited by access to information technology, the flexible and lean toward the market demand and other features that have stimulated growth and stability of small business. In the first chapter there was a literature review on the restructuring, with national and international sources. It was discussed a few studies on the role of small business in the context of restructuring. The increasing participation of small business in the economy, outsourcing and networking, quality management and flexible structure were the themes. In the second chapter, through quantitative studies conducted by Dieese side and prepared by national Sebrae and São Paulo Sebrae, analyzed the reality of small business in Brazil in the restructuring process, from the opening of the domestic market in 1990. Mortality rates of small business of São Paulo and Brazil are in decline since 1997. There is growth in the number of small business, substantial increase in revenues and employment, besides the improvement in birth rate. However, stands the lowest salary of the employed and employees of small business in relation to medium and big companies. In the last chapter of this study, there were six interviews with the use of narrative voice recorder, micro and small entrepreneurs in São Paulo s industrial sector. The central themes such as quality management, structure and flexibility (outsourcing and networking), the financial return and the social life. We conclude that the small business are benefiting from restructuring of production by being part of the new production process of big companies and also of their own small business. The production model based on demand becomes more appropriate to the small business for its flexible and lean. According to research Sebrae, the financial return to owners of the small business is lower than that of the medium and big company, but the qualitative interviews of chapter three points to the financial satisfaction of most entrepreneurs. But with a high rate of dissatisfaction over social life. There were many complaints about the impossibility of taking a vacation, being with family, to have your schedule for recreation, among other activities outside the company / Com este estudo procurou-se desenhar, no contexto da reestruturação produtiva, o papel das micro e pequenas empresas. Tudo indica que as MPEs encontram-se em um ambiente favorável para o seu desenvolvimento apesar da crise do emprego e do desafio do próprio processo de reestruturação na esfera administrativa e tecnológica do pequeno negócio. As MPEs são beneficiadas pelo acesso a tecnologia da informação, a estrutura flexível e enxuta voltada para a demanda do mercado, entre outras características que têm propiciado o crescimento e a estabilidade das MPEs. No primeiro capítulo realizou-se uma revisão literária sobre a reestruturação produtiva com fontes nacionais e internacionais. Discutiu-se alguns estudos sobre o papel das MPEs no contexto da reestruturação produtiva. O aumento da participação das MPEs na economia, a terceirização e a formação de redes, a gestão da qualidade e a estrutura flexível foram os temas abordados. No segundo capítulo, por meio de estudos quantitativos secundários realizados pelo Dieese e elaborado pelo Sebrae nacional e o Sebrae de São Paulo, analisou-se a realidade das MPEs no Brasil no processo de reestruturação produtiva, a partir da abertura do mercado nacional em 1990. Os índices de mortalidade das MPEs de São Paulo e do restante do Brasil encontram-se em queda desde 1997. Há crescimento no número das MPEs, aumento substancial no faturamento e no emprego, além da melhora na taxa de natalidade. Porém, destaca-se a menor remuneração dos ocupados e funcionários das MPEs em relação às MGEs. No último capítulo deste estudo, foram realizadas seis entrevistas narrativas com a utilização de gravador de voz, com micro e pequenos empresários paulistas do setor industrial. Os temas centrais, como a gestão da qualidade, estrutura e flexibilidade (terceirização e formação de redes), o retorno financeiro e a vida social, foram abordados e depois confrontados com os estudiosos do capítulo 1 e os pesquisadores do capítulo 2. Conclui-se que as MPEs são beneficiadas pela reestruturação produtiva por fazer parte do novo processo produtivo das MGEs e também das próprias MPEs. O modelo de produção baseado na demanda torna-se mais adequado às MPEs pela sua estrutura flexível e enxuta. Segundo as pesquisas do Sebrae, o retorno financeiro aos proprietários das MPEs é inferior ao das MGEs, porém as entrevistas qualitativas do capitulo 3 apontam para a satisfação financeira da maioria dos empresários. Mas com alto índice de insatisfação sobre a vida social. Foram muitas as reclamações sobre a impossibilidade de tirar férias, de estar com a família, de ter seu horário para lazer, dentre outras atividades fora da empresa

This thesis is a part of Master Degree within the field of Education science at Kristianstad University. The aim of this study is based on a few informants’ descriptions and experiences of the schools in a municipal school changed their work to increase inclusion for students with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The focus of the study is the changes which have been implemented, how it has influenced the student group's schooling and what success factors and challenges the school has encountered. According to the Swedish Education Act, shall the Swedish regular school be available to all scholars. However, several studies and accounts show that primary schools have found it difficult to meet the educational needs of students with ASD.  The national board of education (2009) and The Swedish schools inspectorate (2012) criticizing the school for not investigating the students' needs and supply adequate support. The study was conducted by a qualitative approach; data were collected through semi-structured - and focus interviews. The choice to use interviews are based on interesting to let each informant describes how their school, meet and educated students with ASD and what elements they consider important developments of an inclusive school for pupils with ASD. The implication of the results confirms that by increasing the knowledge about autism spectrum disorders of the instructors, the school has developed a more including learning environment for the students. By creating, a flexible organization in the school’s students gives the chance to be in school on their own terms. Belonging to a class on their own terms, with the possibility of instructing in different contexts, has increased the presence of many students.