本研究旨在探討公立高中創校之經驗。主要研究目的如下：一、了解創校校長於學校建築之規劃設計及施工、發包與驗收等營繕工程之歷程；二、探討創校校長行政領導及形塑組織文化之經驗；三、分析創校校長與社區之互動之情形；四、了解創校校長學校行銷管理策略；五、提出結論與建議供未來學校創辦之參考。 本研究採質性研究方法，邀請三位資深且能夠提供豐富內涵的創校校長為本研究的受訪者，協助研究進行。希望透過訪談與資料分析，了解公立高中在創校過程中，創校校長所持之理念、可用之資源、遭遇之困境及因應策略之經驗。 本研究獲致的結論歸納如下：一、創校校長教育理念、專家學者智慧經驗與建築師設計專業，綜合體現在學校建築規劃設計上；二、創校校長在學校建築施工及驗收時，經常面臨專業與實務經驗欠缺及人力不足的困境；三、創校校長的行政團隊領導主要奠基於成員的慎選與人性化的管理；四、創校校長是新學校組織文化形塑的重要推手，教師對文化發展的影響則不容忽視；五、創校校長認知學校是社區活動場所的延伸，良好的互動策略有助於與社區建立夥伴關係；六、創校校長是主要的學校行銷管理者，策略上大多偏重於向下對國中的行銷。 最後，本研究根據研究結果及結論，分別提出對教育行政當局、創校校長和後續研究之建議。 / The purpose of this research is to explore the experience of founding a public senior high school. The main goals are as follows: 1.to learn the components of the construction process including designing, contracting, implementation, and evaluation 2. to explore experiences of the formation of administrative leadership and culture 3. to analyze the interactions between the founding principal and the neighboring communities 4. to learn the principals’ strategies for marketing 5. to propose conclusions and suggestions for founding a school in the future. This research is conducted through a qualitative case-study approach by interviewing three senior high school principals who provide profound insights as the database. Through the analysis of the data of the interviews, this research is to explore the beliefs the principals adhere to, the resources they have access to, the obstacles they confront, and the strategies they apply in the process of establishing a public high school. The conclusions the research has reached are as follows: First, the designing and planning of school buildings and facilities are a display of collective efforts, combined with the beliefs the principals firmly hold, the insights and experiences scholars and experts share, and the expertise architects possess. Second, a founding principal is likely to face setbacks caused by lack of expertise and experience as well as understaffing problems. Third, the successful leadership of the principal’s administrative team is determined by the discreet selection of the members and the humane management. Fourth, the founding principal is the foremost power engine of the formation of the organization culture, and yet the teachers play a significant part in the process of formation. Fifth, the principal’s realization that school campus is extensions for community activities, and well-functioning strategies of interaction do help build a partner-to-partner relationship between school and community. Sixth, as the main marketer and manager for the promotion of their school, the principals tend to put more efforts in advertising to junior high schools rather than introducing their graduates to colleges. Ultimately, this research, based on the findings and conclusions of the study, proposes suggestions for the administrative authorities, prospective founding principals and future researches in the field.

Theoretical side of the work analyses the process of inception of a new business unit from the beginning idea, through development and ranking of business chance, to the foundation of business unit with all the necessary administrative and practical parts. The work deal with present way of the grant the business units in the Czech Republic and reasons of possible failure in business too. In practical side of the work business - concrete plan of setting up the Fat Free Pizza in Prague is developed within the financial plan in details and evaluation of profitable investment regarding the future development of this area.

"Tautologically, castability is a critical requirement in any casting process. The two most important factors impacting castability are the susceptibility of a metal to hot tearing and the degree of casting fluidity a material possesses. This work concerns itself with fluidity of molten metal. Since experimental investigations into casting fluidity began, researchers have sought to maximize fluidity through superheat, mold temperature, alloy chemistry, melt cleanliness, and mold design. Researchers who have examined the published results in the field have remarked on the difficulty of making quantitative comparisons and drawing conclusions from the data. Ragone developed a horizontal vacuum fluidity apparatus and an analytical expression for fluid length to help resolve these issues. This was expanded on by Flemings et al. Still, the comparison of results is complicated by experimental uncertainties and a plurality of experimental procedures. This work seeks to resolve these issues through an analysis of experimental uncertainties present in existing fluidity tests and the development of an improved test and procedure which is very precise, accurate, and reliable. Certain existing tests and software packages have been shown to be unsuitable for quantitative fluidity measurement. Expressions for experimental uncertainty in fluidity testing have been derived. The capability to predict variations in fluidity as a function of alloy chemistry and other variables whose range of values are intrinsic to the economics of the process will help to more accurately determine the superheat needed for successful castings and will in turn lead to a decrease in scrap rates. This will enable metal casters to more reliably cast thin sections, and to reduce cycle time or scrap rate to achieve productivity goals. Superheat was shown to remain the dominant factor in fluidity, but the test allowed investigation of alloy modifications within an alloy specification in this alloy system. Factors known to have negative effects on structural properties were found often to have neutral or positive impacts on fluidity. A deep understanding of variations in fluidity measurements is the next necessary step in a century-long quest to understand how best to make metal castings through the use of fluidity experiments."

"Aluminum-Silicon and Aluminum-Copper alloys are important non-ferrous casting alloys. Different methods have been applied to improve their casting characteristics, their microstructure and consequently, their mechanical properties. Application of mechanical vibrations to the mold during solidification of the alloy is one of these methods. In this study, the effect of controlled mechanical vibrations on the dendrite coherency point, the hot tearing tendency, and the microstructure of B206, B390, and binary Al-7%Si alloys was evaluated. The dendrite coherency point was determined using the two-thermocouple method. The hot tearing tendency was evaluated using the crack susceptibility criterion (CSCb) and by means of measurements using a specially designed ring mold. Microstructure characterization was performed using optical and scanning electron microscopy coupled with image analysis. It was found that mechanical vibrations refine the microstructure of the alloys; and, in the case of B390 alloy, it resulted in significant improvement in the distribution of the primary silicon particles. In the case of B206 and Al-7%Si alloys, where aluminum is the primary phase, mechanical vibrations caused the dendrite coherency point to shift towards lower temperature, i.e., towards higher fraction solid. This shift, together with the refinement of the grain structure, manifested itself in significant reduction in the incidence of hot tearing in B206 castings. "

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T19:30:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jiani Fernando Langaro.pdf: 28438498 bytes, checksum: 049a871424108d74ccade7d7f01c62c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work intent to establish some relationships between history and memory considering the ideas of colonization and pioneering disseminated in Toledo-PR, during 1950 to 2010. Trough this ideas were scattered many versions about a colonization private enterprise, achieved on Paraná West between 1940 and 1950, as a mark in history from local and regional past and as genesis of a fortunate journey which would raise a city in continuous progress . Such versions generally emphasizes just a few participations, like the ones connected to colonialist industries and clergy or southerner migrants which were European descendants, and keep in secret the negatives effects of that project, and this thought was accepted with no strings for some areas in local academic historiography. Initially, the hypothesis was that those memories grew from somewhere in the city, probably spread by some stiffs and social groups through institutions and projects, hypothesis that later on was proved. Having this as beginning point, and basing on social history knowledge, the target turn into the study of how these memories were established and became hegemonics in that place, the different elements emerged from wrangles and any other ways to explain the local past. In this way, drawing heavily on sources like recolection literature, printing press, schoolbooks, monuments and spaces on the city or on entities that studied local past, many cultural and educational projects created by the public authorities and independent initiatives turned questionable. From this point, it is possible to certify that in Toledo existed a battlefield for the past in which city foundation memories acquired centrality and became groundwork to picture the future. More than this, such wrangles involved local academic historiography its own and make clear that history and memories were attached to social reality. Through oral narratives it was also observed that in the admission of these memories the inhabitants did not just absorb than, but reflected and elaborated it again, this is what makes possible to perceive the existence of hegemonic versions, but not unique, about Toledo and Paraná West past / O trabalho discute as relações entre história e memória a partir das temáticas da colonização e do pioneirismo veiculadas em Toledo-PR, entre 1950 e 2010. Através desses temas foram difundidas versões que tratavam um empreendimento privado de colonização , realizado na região oeste do Paraná entre as décadas de 1940 e 1950, como marco histórico do passado local e regional e como gênese de uma trajetória venturosa que teria gerado um município em contínuo progresso . Tais versões, geralmente enfatizavam apenas a participação de alguns sujeitos, como aqueles ligados às empresas colonizadoras e ao clero, além dos migrantes sulistas de ascendência europeia e silenciavam sobre os impactos negativos desses processos, o que acabou sendo incorporado sem maiores críticas por determinadas tendências da historiografia acadêmica regional. Inicialmente, a hipótese era de que tais memórias não surgiam espontaneamente na cidade, mas eram difundidas por determinados sujeitos e grupos sociais através de instituições e projetos, o que logo pôde ser confirmado. Diante disso, com base nos conhecimentos de história social, o objetivo passou a ser o estudo de como essas memórias se instituíram e se tornaram hegemônicas no lugar, os elementos díspares que emergiram dessas disputas e as outras formas existentes de se explicar o passado local. Assim, com base em fontes como literatura memorialística, a imprensa, livros didáticos, esculturas, monumentos e os próprios espaços da cidade e de entidades voltadas ao trabalho com as memórias locais, foram problematizados diferentes projetos culturais e educacionais promovidos pelo poder público e iniciativas independentes dos moradores. A partir disso, foi constatado que em Toledo existia um campo de disputas pelo passado, no qual as memórias da formação do município adquiriram centralidade e tornaram-se elemento basilar para desenhar o futuro. Mais do que isso, tais disputas acabaram envolvendo a própria historiografia acadêmica regional e o que foi evidenciado é que história e memória não eram campos separados da realidade social. Através do recurso às narrativas orais, também foi observado que na recepção dessas memórias, os moradores da cidade não as absorviam simplesmente, mas as refletiam e reelaboravam, o que fez perceber a existência de versões hegemônicas, porém não únicas, sobre o passado de Toledo e do oeste do Paraná

"Corresponding Republics" is a study of how letter writing practices shaped elite political organizing during the early years of the American, Dutch and French Revolutions of the late eighteenth century. The heart of the project is a study of revolutionary leaders' correspondence and epistolary practices. Letters were the lifeblood of all early modern politics--the means to share information, develop strategies and resolve internecine disputes. This was particularly true of the eighteenth-century Atlantic patriot parties, which all faced the challenge of building cohesive movements in the fragmented political landscape of the old regime. Yet even though most studies of revolutionary politics make heavy use of private correspondence, nobody had yet examined the ways in which patriots' reliance on private letters and networks shaped the revolutions' broader political cultures. "Corresponding Republics" argues that the distinctive old regime private correspondence practices of patriots in each region persisted into the revolutionary period. These practices, which played a crucial role in patriots' political self-fashioning, helped produce different kinds of political networks and cultures of patriot organizing. Though by no means the whole explanation for the three revolutions' different courses, epistolary practices are an essential and untold part of that story. The main sources for the project are manuscript letters in American and European archives. The first three chapters of the dissertation examine inter-colonial organizing during the first years of the American Revolution. Chapters One and Two offer a revised view of the efforts by Sons of Liberty, as the patriot leaders called themselves, to build a cohesive inter-colonial patriot party from 1765 to 1772. They document patriots' deep immersion in mercantile correspondence and their persistence in using it after 1765. Yet this style, which raised high barriers to posing questions or engaging in debate, made it difficult for patriot leaders to have tactical discussions and coordinate their activities across the colonies. The Sons instead created a largely symbolic agreement on general principles of resistance. Chapter Three focuses on the developing relationship after 1772 between the patriots' private networks and public committees of correspondence. It shows how private letter writing helped the Sons organize formal inter-colonial corresponding committees in 1773, which reflected the private networks' focus on information transmission rather than discussion. Not until the meeting of the First Continental Congress in 1774 did patriot leaders develop an inter-colonial network whose affective depth enabled tactical and ideological debate. And even then, the patriots' epistolary tools still encouraged them to paper over serious differences about political strategy and ideology in order to maintain the unity of the colonies. The second half of the dissertation uses studies of national organizing in the Dutch and French Revolutions to examine what was distinctive about the Sons of Liberty's organizing efforts. The underlying problems the patriot movements confronted, I argue, were similar: like their American counterparts, Dutch and French patriots sought to build a cohesive political movement on a national scale through correspondence. In practice, however, the process differed significantly. French Jacobin leaders drew on a pre-revolutionary tradition of scholarly epistolarity, which encouraged discussion and dialogue among participants. These qualities helped them develop epistolary communities far more tightly knit than those of their American counterparts. This proved to be both an asset and a liability. It helped them forge a high degree of ideological and tactical unity within the movement. But it also made it more difficult for them to avoid internal disagreements, contributing to the serious internal dissention in 1792 that foreshadowed the eruption of violence among patriot leaders. The Dutch patriot elites, for their part, created highly hierarchical private and public networks. The division between the two types of networks, heightened by their reliance on courtly epistolary habits, inhibited their efforts to forge alliances with the growing popular militia movement. These divisions were a factor in the Dutch patriots' failure, in the short term, to successfully achieve their goal of seizing and holding national political power.

The aim of this thesis is a description of the planning, establishment and development of advertising portal Gastrosvět.cz, as the actual project conducted by the Business Incubator of VŠE. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part explains and descibes used terms like business, businessman, SWOT analysis, balance sheet, profit and loss account, cash flow, break-point analysis, legal forms of business enterprise, life cycle of a business plan, financing options and organization structures. The practical part is concerning to the project and includes information about its business plan, staffing, know-how, the scope of the position, market segmentation, timing, legal forms, business objectives, competitive analysis, SWOT analysis before starting the project, financial planning, business strategy, requirements system, marketing and advertising, and other possibilities for the development of the project.

The most contentious issues of our day often have to do with political and social rights as opposed to economic rights. Through the lens of property rights I investigate whether this dichotomy existed at the time of the American founding. First, I examine the state constitutions and identify three clauses, common to the documents, which protect property rights. I examine their historical basis and reveal their connection to English common law and Locke, primarily. Then, I discuss the personal views of Madison and Jefferson to gain insight into the personal thoughts of two of the most influential Founders. Finally, I examine the actual protections for property rights found in the Constitution and Bill of Rights. Ultimately, I conclude that the Founders saw property rights as deserving of no less protection than social and political rights. Our modern political arena thus has a blind spot when it comes to economic rights. Understanding, at the very least, this part of our nation’s original history is useful for American policymakers, advocates, and citizens of any political stripe.

This dissertation uses the reading patterns of New York’s earliest elites, including a significant portion of the founding fathers, who checked out books from the New York Society Library (NYSL), to evaluate the shifting meanings of political thought, affiliation, and action in the years between the ratification of the Constitution and the War of 1812. The reading data come from two charging ledgers spanning two periods –1789 to 1792, and 1799 to 1806 – during which a new country was built, relations with foreign nations defined, and contestation over the character of a new democracy was intense. Using novel combinations of text and network analysis, I explore the political nature of reading and the extent to which social, economic, and political positions overlapped with what people read. In the process, I identify the key social and cultural dimensions on which New York, and by extension, American, elite society was politically stratified in its early years.

James Madison wrote four accounts of faction, the most public and famous of which was Federalist 10. By examining all four accounts, I undertake to develop a more capacious understanding of the design and purpose of Madison’s vision for American constitutional politics than can be extracted from an examination of Federalist 10 alone. I attempt to collate the unique insights of each account of faction into a coherent unity, with special attention to Madison’s rhetoric. I conclude that the three least famous accounts of faction, correctly read, perfect and extend the account in Federalist 10 by offering a more candid window into Madison’s thought on human beings and the political life for which he thought them fit. / text