Édouard Dujardin (1861-1949), fondateur de la Revue wagnérienne et de la Revue Indépendante de littérature et d’art, n’a pas été seulement un théoricien du symbolisme, il en a été le praticien. Son œuvre littéraire entre 1885 et 1893 explore aussi bien le vers que la prose, en retrace les questionnements. Résolument engagée dans l’avant-Garde, elle ne s’attaque pas seulement à l’édifice du réalisme, elle remet en cause le modèle de la mimèsis dans une recherche formelle intense. Ainsi l’œuvre de Dujardin se fait-Elle, de manière exemplaire, témoin de cette crise du vers que traversait l’univers des lettres. Genres, formes et confrontation entre les arts délimitent ce parcours en trois parties, qui ne suit pas un plan linéaire ou chronologique, mais un questionnement spécifique déterminé par chaque ouvrage. Pour cette raison, nous avons commencé par son théâtre, qui soulevait la question de l’identité du personnage. Le prénom Antonia nous a ainsi servi de fil conducteur pour aborder la relation vers et prose, telle qu’elle se manifeste soit dans le poème en prose soit dans le vers libre. Dans une seconde partie, nous avons interrogé les formes, la prose poétique de ses nouvelles et de son roman, qui répondent partiellement aux critères définissant le poème en prose. Enfin, dans le cadre de la confrontation entre les arts, nous nous sommes intéressés au phénomène textuel Les Lauriers sont coupés, considéré par la critique comme un procédé de « monologue intérieur », puis au rapport entre poésie et musique par l’étude de l’ouvrage Litanies mélopées pour chant et piano, qui met en vis-À-Vis poème et musique. / Edouard Dujardin (1861-1949), the founder of Revue wagnérienne (the Wagnerian Journal) and Revue Indépendante de littérature et d’art (the independent journal of literature and art) has not only been a theoretician on symbolism but also a practitioner. His literary work between 1885 and 1893 explores verse as well as prose and traces back its questionings. Being resolutely engaged in the avant-Garde, it does not only tackle the structure of realism but also questions the model of mimesis in a sort of formal and intense research. It thus happens that Dujardin’s literary work testifies, in an exemplary way for that matter, to the crisis in verse that the literary universe was undergoing. Genres, forms and confrontations of different forms of arts define this course in three parts which does not follow a linear plan nor a chronological one but rather a specific questioning determined by each literary work. This is the reason why we started by studying his drama which raised the question of the character’s identity. The name of Antonia was thus used as a thread to tackle the relationship between prose and verse, as shown in the poem in prose or in free verse.In a second part, we questioned the forms-The poetic prose of his short stories and of his novel- which partly fulfil the criteria of the poem in verse. Lastly, in the context of the confrontation between the different types of arts, we focused on the text viewed as a phenomenon- Les Lauriers sont coupes- considered by critics as a form of “stream of consciousness” then on the connection between poetry and music through the study of the work Litanies, “mélopées” for piano and song, which confronts poem and music.

This article compares two cases of poetic self-translation in two different periods in the development of modern Swahili literature – Euphrase Kezilahabi in Tanzania of the 1970s and Kithaka wa Mberia in Kenya of the 2000s. These writers represent two different literary situations and two different statuses that Swahili literature had achieved in the respective periods. The main argument in the article is that the two writers in their works seem to have a similar aim – to familiarise wider audiences on the national level with elitist poetic forms. The differences in both cases are determined by the specific socio-cultural context.

A la fin du dix-neuvième siècle et au commencement du vingtième, la poésie péruvienne a eu une particulière relation avec différentes traditions littéraires, et surtout avec la poésie française. Dans la présente thèse on cherche à expliquer les liens entre le Symbolisme français et quelques poètes péruviens de cette période : Nicanor Della Rocca de Vergalo, Manuel González Prada et José María Eguren. On cherche à établir une lecture « intertextuelle » entre les textes des « Maîtres » du Symbolisme (Baudelaire, Verlaine, Rimbaud et Mallarmé) et les poètes péruviens mentionnés. En plus, cette lecture doit considérer les rapports et les différences avec des mouvements et concepts proches du Symbolisme, comme le Parnassianisme et le Décadentisme, ainsi que le Modernisme hispano-américain. Alors, cette recherche est une étude comparative entre deux traditions qui ont établi un « dialogue » particulier: Rocca de Vergalo, dont les livres ont été écrits en français, contribue au processus du vers libéré français ; González Prada a rénové la poésie péruvienne avec des formes européennes (par exemple le rondeau français) et a été aussi le diffuseur du Parnasse et du Symbolisme au Pérou ; et José María Eguren est le créateur d’un symbolisme particulier en langue espagnole. Sa poésie est un mélange de diverses traditions européennes, « acclimatées » dans son original modernisme et même postmodernisme. C’est une vision fantastique du monde à partir de sujets « obscurs » à partir de l’enfance, l’absence et la mort. / From ends of 19th century and beginnings of the XXth, the Peruvian poetry had a particular relation with different traditions, and especially with the French poetry. In the present thesis we try to explain the links between the French Symbolism and some Peruvian poets of this period: Nicanor Della Rocca de Vergalo, Manuel González Prada and Jose María Eguren. We try to establish an "intertextual" reading between the texts of "teachers" of Symbolism (Baudelaire, Verlaine, Rimbaud and Mallarmé) and the Peruvian poets. In addition, these analysis must to consider the relations and differences with movements and concepts next the Symbolism, as the Parnassianism and the Decadentism, and also with the Spanish-American Modernism. Since then, this research is a comparative study between two traditions that established an peculiar "dialog": Rocca de Vergalo, whose books have been written in French, is a part of the process of "liberated verse"; González Prada renewed the Peruvian poetry with European forms (for example the French "rondeau") and was also the diffuser of Parnassianism and Symbolism in Peru; and Jose Maria Eguren is the creator of a particular symbolism in Spanish. His poetry is a mixture of diverse traditions, "acclimated" in his original modernism and postmodernism. It is a fantastic vision of the world from "dark" topics as the infancy, the absence and the death.

本論文以1895-1926年的《臺灣日日新報》、《臺灣教育》為史料，討論台灣日文新詩如何誕生的問題。首先，藉由拓寬「台灣新詩」的定義，將1895年台灣進入日本統治、傳入日本近代詩的同時，便算作台灣新詩的起點。接著，透過爬梳日本近代詩的歷史，闡明日本近代詩對於台灣日文新詩的影響。此影響可分為兩階段，一是明治期「新體詩」的傳入，使得日文新詩開始在台灣出現、並開始在詩中收編殖民地台灣的意象。二是大正期「口語自由詩」的傳入，使得文語定型詩的形式受到解放，並持續受到日本近代詩思潮的影響，進而促使台灣詩人的出現。從這個過程中，可以看出台灣日文新詩的誕生與日本近代國家與近代語言的建構有著密切的關係，這樣的關係影響了日治初期台灣日文新詩的性格，也影響了台灣詩人最初詩作的樣貌。相較於前行研究對台灣初期新詩中民族與抗日精神之強調，本論文應能提供較為不同的認識。 / This study focuses on the historical materials in “Taiwan Daily News” and “Taiwan Educational Association Magazine”(1895-1926), and explains the birth of Taiwanese new poetry written in Japanese. First, this study expands the definition of Taiwanese new poetry by putting its starting point at 1895 when Japanese modern poetry entered into Taiwan. Then, this study examines the history of Japanese modern poetry and how Japanese modern poetry influenced Taiwanese new poetry. This influence unfolded in two stages. During the Meiji period, the “new style poetry” was introduced into Taiwan. Taiwanese new poetry arose within this trend and Japanese poets began to appropriate Taiwanese local images in their works. During the Taisho period, the “free verse” was introduced into Taiwan and brought about a more liberal form of poetry. Under such an influence of Japanese modern poetry Taiwanese poets emerged. This study shows that the birth of Taiwanese new poetry was intimately related to the construction of Japanese as a modern language and Japan as a modern nation-state. This relationship influenced the feature in early stage of Taiwanese new poetry and the appearance of poems by Taiwanese poets.On early stage of Taiwanese new poetry, previous researches mostly focus on the resistance against Japan. This study brings up an alternative approach and tries to make a breakthrough in the field of new poetry in colonial Taiwan.

While the story of teaching makes plenty of room for academic and social learning, the telling often leaves out some of the most important details. In this thesis, I tell the stories of four teachers — how they practice and make sense of the caring relationship in the school and how such relationships lead to moral good in people, schools, communities, and the world. The moral is centered in the ongoing dialogue about what is best in schools and the world — the good, and the relationships in which the stories are set. The method is narrative analysis and the format is a series of free verse poems. The characters tell stories of knowing and being known, meaningful dialogue, modeling, authentic care, struggle and tension, individualized attention, hope, and transformation. The conclusion is a deep imagining of possibilities, implications, and outcomes.

Mwanadamu amejaribu kwa vyovyote vile kuvumbua na kunyumbua mambo mapya ambayo yataleta mvuto na kupimia akili yake kiubunifu katika hali ya kutaka kutangamana zaidi na binadamu mwenzake au kutaka kuelewa zaidi ulimwengu wake. Ndiposa washairi wengi wa kisasa wanashikilia kwamba ulimwengu unabadilika na hivyo utamaduni wa ushairi lazima ubadilike. Katika wasilisho hili tunajadili mabadiliko haya ya kimaumbo na athari zake katika ushairi wa Kiswahili. Si lengo letu kushawishi msomaji kujiunga na kikundi fulani cha ushairi bali kuangazia hoja mwafaka zinazotokana na mivutano na mikinzano katika mabadiliko haya, na namna mitazamo hii inavyofanikisha maendeleo ya ushairi.

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Nights in The City Beautiful is a collection of confessional, free verse poems that explores sexual trauma, mental health, the exigencies of marriage, and the complexities of human desire. These interconnected poems are grounded with a braided narrative and tackle taboo themes. In Part 1: Monogamy, the reader journeys into the world of Vincent and Victoria, their profound love, and their anxiety disorders. In Part 2: Polyamory, Victoria gets caught in a love triangle when she meets her publishing coworker, Peter Langley. The book evokes the movement of Romanticism and first-and-second-generation Romantic poets such as William Blake and Lord Byron. Contemporary influences on this collection include Aaron Smith’s Primer, Stacey Waite’s Butch Geography, and Tracy K. Smith’s The Body's Question. Nights in The City Beautiful merges lyricism with narrative, the ethereal with the physical. It is a novella in verse that delves into the boundaries of sexuality, love, and intimacy.