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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Biological and immunological aspects of the host-parasite relationship in infections of mice with Giardia muris

Belosevic, Miodrag. January 1985 (has links)
Biological and immunological aspects of the host-parasite relationship were examined in mice which are susceptible (A/J) and resistant (B10.A) to Giardia muris. B10.A exhibited a shorter latent period, lower cyst output during the acute phase of the infection and shorter period of cyst release compared to A/J. Characteristics of the infection transmitted from mouse-to-mouse and those induced by oral inoculation with cysts or trophozoites were similar. The infection was longer in male A/J and B10.A mice compared to females. Susceptibility and resistance during both the acute and elimination phases of the infection were under non-H-2-linked multigenic control. A/J and B10.A differed in non-specific serum IgG and IgA, but not in the specific IgG and IgA to G. muris. Specific antibodies participated in complement-mediated killing of trophozoites. Spleen, mesenteric lymph node and peritoneal cells from A/J and B10.A mice had a similar ability to kill trophozoites. The capacity of B10.A to mount inflammatory responses was greater than that of A/J. A/J were more immunosuppressed than B10.A during the infection, particularly at mucosal sites. Macrophage-like suppressor cells were shown to be the mediators of this suppression.
52

Giardia and Cryptosporidium in pinnipeds from the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada /

Appelbee, Amber Justine. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Murdoch University, 2006. / Thesis submitted to the Division of Health Sciences. Bibliography: p. 198-222.
53

Avaliação da etiologia das infecções enteroparasitárias em diferentes grupos pediátricos e genotipagem de isolados de Giardia duodenalis

Silva, Renata Kelly Novais Rodrigues 09 October 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Pós graduação Farmácia (ppgfar@ufba.br) on 2017-05-30T20:09:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Renata Kelly N R Silva.pdf: 1992158 bytes, checksum: 31b040d0efc44acc04e5946c258375e9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Barroso (pbarroso@ufba.br) on 2017-06-01T17:34:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Renata Kelly N R Silva.pdf: 1992158 bytes, checksum: 31b040d0efc44acc04e5946c258375e9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T17:34:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Renata Kelly N R Silva.pdf: 1992158 bytes, checksum: 31b040d0efc44acc04e5946c258375e9 (MD5) / CNPq / FAPESB / A infecção por parasitos ocorre com maior frequência na população infantil e pode evoluir com gravidade em pacientes com alterações no sistema imunológico, como por exemplo, aqueles com desnutrição ou câncer. A Giardia duodenalis é o parasito mais frequente em crianças, causando infecções intestinais que variam de assintomáticas à presença de diarreia aguda ou crônica, sendo imprescindível que seu diagnóstico seja realizado corretamente. Entretanto, as técnicas diagnósticas mais sensíveis, também são as mais caras, sendo necessária uma análise mais detalhada do custo-benefício de sua utilização na rotina clínica. Além do diagnóstico de rotina, a caracterização molecular da Giardia contribui para um melhor entendimento da taxonomia, epidemiologia, potencial zoonótico de transmissão e associação entre o quadro clínico e um determinado genótipo (A H). Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a etiologia das infecções enteroparasitárias em diversos grupos pediátricos, utilizando diferentes técnicas de diagnóstico, e caracterizar os genótipos de Giardia duodenalis isolados de crianças de creche. Foram coletadas amostras fecais de 824 crianças: 70 de pacientes oncológicos, 110 internadas com desnutrição energéticoprotéica grave, 151 internadas devido à doença diarreica e 493 saudáveis atendidas em creches. As amostras foram submetidas às seguintes técnicas de diagnóstico: a) exame direto; b) Baermann-Moraes; c) cultura de fezes em placas de agar; d) Faust; e) sedimentação por centrifugação; g) coloração Ziehl-Nielsen modificado e h) pesquisa de coproantígenos de Cryptosporidium sp., Giardia duodenalis e Entamoeba histolytica por ELISA. Setenta e uma amostras fecais positivas para Giardia duodenalis oriundas das crianças de creche foram submetidas a genotipagem através da Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), tendo como alvo os genes β-giardina e Gdh, seguida pela Análise do Polimorfismo do Fragmento de Restrição (RFLP). Dentre as 824 crianças, 30,3% estavam infectadas por pelo menos um parasito. As crianças com câncer apresentaram a maior ocorrência de enteroparasitos (47,1%), seguidas pelo grupo de creche (35,4%), crianças com diarreia (16,6%), e por último, crianças com desnutrição (15,5%). A Giardia duodenalis foi o parasito mais frequente (18,4%) e se destacou na população sem diarreia, enquanto o Cryptosporidium e a E. histolytica apresentaram associação significativa com o quadro de diarreia. Comparando as técnicas de diagnóstico para Giardia, utilizando como padrão de referência a positividade em pelo menos uma das técnicas, o ELISA se mostrou mais sensível que a microscopia (97% versus 55%). Dos 71 isolados de G. duodenalis de crianças de creche submetidos à PCR, 51 (77,4%) tiveram os DNAs amplificados. Foram identificados os genótipos AII, BIII, BIV e E, com predomínio do AII, sugerindo que a principal via de transmissão é antroponótica, seja pela ingestão de água ou alimentos contaminados com fezes humanas, ou através do contato pessoa a pessoa, uma vez que esse subtipo tem sido encontrado apenas em humanos. / Parasitic infections occur most frequently in children and can lead to severe disease in patients with alterations in the immune system, such as those with malnutrition or cancer. Giardia duodenalis is the most frequent parasite in children, causing intestinal infections ranging from asymptomatic to the development of acute or chronic diarrhea, being essential the correct diagnosis of the parasite. However, the more sensitive diagnostic techniques are also the most expensive, requiring a detailed analysis of the cost-benefit of their use in clinical routine. In addition to the routine diagnosis, the molecular characterization of Giardia contributes to a better understanding of the taxonomy, epidemiology and zoonotic potential of transmission and clinical forms of infection associated to a specific genotype (A - H). This study aimed to evaluate the etiology of parasitic infections in pediatric groups, using different diagnostic techniques, and characterize the genotypes of Giardia duodenalis isolates from children attending day care centers. There were collected fecal samples from 824 children: 70 oncologic patients, 110 hospitalized with severe protein-energy malnutrition, 151 hospitalized due to diarrheic disease and 493 healthy day care children. The samples were subjected to the following diagnostic techniques: a) direct examination, b) Baermann-Moraes c) stool culture on agar plates d) Faust e) sedimentation by centrifugation; g) modified Ziehl-Nielsen staining h) search of coproantigens of Cryptosporidium sp., Giardia duodenalis and Entamoeba histolytica by ELISA. Seventy-one fecal samples positive for Giardia duodenalis from day care centers children were subjected to genotyping by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the target genes β-giardina and Gdh, followed by Analysis of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP). Among the 824 children, 30.3% were infected with at least one parasite. Children with cancer had the highest frequency of intestinal parasites (47.1%), followed by the day care group (35.4%), children with diarrhea (16.6%), and those with malnutrition (15.5 %). The parasite Giardia duodenalis was the most frequent (18.4%) in stood of the population without diarrhea, while Cryptosporidium and E. histolytica were significantly associated with the diarrheic disease. Comparing the diagnostic techniques for Giardia using as reference standard the positivity in at least one technique, the ELISA was more highly sensitive than microscopy (97% versus 55%). Of the 71 isolates of G. duodenalis from day care children subjected to PCR, 51 (77.4%) had the DNAs amplified. There were identified genotypes IIA, BIII, BIV and E, with a predominance of the IIA, suggesting that the main route of transmission is anthroponotic, either by ingesting food or water contaminated with human feces, or through the contact person-to-person, since this subtype has been found only in humans.
54

Studium nově objeveného proteinu GL50803_16424 u Giardia intestinalis. / Investigation of newly discovered protein GL50803_16424 in Giardia intestinalis.

Pelc, Josef January 2018 (has links)
The anaerobic unicellular eukaryotic organism Giardia intestinalis is a worldwide parasite. Giardiasis, the intestinal disease caused by Giardia, is one of the most common parasitic disease in the developed part of the world, that causes health problems not only to humans but also to animals. This organism is also interesting for its many unique cellular features. One of them is the presence of mitosomes - the organelles derived from mitochondria. Analogously to mitochondria, mitosome is limited by two membranes and shares the mode of the protein transport. However, mitosome does not have its own genome and as far as we know, there is only one pathway of the iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis in this organelle. Using the in vivo enzymatic tagging technique, several novel mitosomal proteins were identified, including GL50803_16424. The protein GL50803_16424 attracted our attention by interacting with components of all mitosomal subcompartments: the outer membrane, the membrane and the matrix. In addition, the expression of HA-tagged GL50803_16424 resulted in the formation of peculiar structures near the mitosomes never seen before in G. intestinalis. Bioinformatic approaches revealed that the GL50803_16424 has domain similar to the myelodysplasia- myeloid leukemia factor 1-interacting protein. Our...
55

Genotipagem dos isolados de Giardia duodenalis em famílias de pescadores da colônia de Porto Said, Botucatu, São Paulo

Arbex, Ana Paula Oliveira [UNESP] 24 February 2015 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T14:23:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-02-24. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2015-12-10T14:29:21Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000848444.pdf: 1048998 bytes, checksum: b28bb1d076d5877b7947ca3acc33cbf2 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / As enteroparasitoses ainda persistem como problema de saúde pública, sobretudo nos países em desenvolvimento, onde o protozoário Giardia duodenalis (sin. Giardia intestinalis, Giardia lamblia) destaca-se como uma das causas mais frequentes de diarreia em crianças. Assim, no presente estudo investigou-se a prevalência de das infecções causadas por Giardia e outros parasitas intestinais e funcionários da Creche e Escola Municipal de Educlação Infantil (CEMEI) do distrito de Vitoriana, Botucatu-SP, incluindo-se também os familiares e cães das crianças cujos exames de fezes foram positivos para Giardia. Paralelamente, por meio de análise multilocular empregando os genes-alvo beta-giardina (bg), triose fosfato isomerase (tpi) e glutamato desiderogenase (gdh), caracterizou-se geneticamente os isolados de G. duodenalis detectados nessa população. Para isso, foram analisadas três amostras de fezes de 123 crianças (0 a 6 anos), 14 funcionários, 44 familiares e 20 cães. As amostras foram processadas por centrífugo-sedimentação e centrífugo-flutuação e examinadas em microscópio óptico. Parasitas intestinais foram identificados em 50 das 123 amostras de fezes de crianças (41,6%), e parasitismo por Giardia foi detectado em 21,9% das crianças (27/123). Das 27 famílias que tinham crianças parasitadas por Giardia, apenas 16 (44 indivíduos) forneceram amostras de fezes. Nestas, cistos de Giardia não foram detectados em nenhuma das amostras dos funcionários e dos cães examinadas. Com respeito ao parasitismo por Giardia nas crianças que frequentam a creche, as análises revelaram que as crianças mais jovens estão em maior risco de contrair a infecção por Giardia (OR = 0,69; IC95% = 00.49-0.97; p = 0,03). Além disso, verificou-se que o risco de infecção aumenta quanto maior for o número de indivíduos no domicílio (OR = 1,8; IC95% = 1,07-3,07; p = 0,03). Para a caracterização molecular dos isolados de Giardia, o DNA... / The intestinal parasites persist as a public health problem, especially in developing countries, where the protozoan Giardia duodenalis (syn. Giardia intestinalis, Giardia lamblia) stands out as one of the most common causes of diarrhea in children. The present study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Giardia and other intestinal parasites in children and workers of a daycare center of Vitoriana, a district of Botucatu municipality, São Paulo State, including also the household members and dogs of the children tested positive for Giardia. In addition, we proposed to investigate the genetic diversity of G. duodenalis infection in these population using three gene loci beta-giardin (bg), triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) and glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh). For this, three samples were analyzed from 123 children feces (0-6 years), 14 workers, 44 families members and 20 dogs. Samples were processed by centrifugal sedimentation and flotation and examined under a light microscope. Intestinal parasites were identified in 50 of 123 fecal samples from children (41.6%), and Giardia was the most frequent parasite detecte (21.9%). Out of the 27 families of children tested positive for Giardia, only 16 (44 individuals) provided stool samples. In these samples, cysts were detected in two samples. Focusing on Giardia infection among children attending day care, the analysis showed that younger children are at higher risk of acquiring Giardia infection (OR = 0.69; 95% CI = 00.49-0.97; p = 0.03). In addition, children living in families with a higher household density were more likely to be infected (OR = 1.8; 95% IC = 1.07-3.07; p = 0.03). DNA extracted from 186 stool samples (35 negative and 151 positive samples for microscopic examination) were amplified and the products sequenced generating 59 sequences as follow: 15 for bg, 25 for tpi and 19 for gdh. Out of the 29 isolates assessed, the sequencing analysis ... / FAPESP: 2011/52100-3
56

Estudo do limiar de positividade do método imunoenzimático (ELISA) para pesquisa de coproantígenos de Giardia lamblia Stiles, 1915. Sua utilização como exame de controle de cura após terapêutica

Castanho, Roberto Esteves Pires [UNESP] 17 September 2004 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2004-09-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:45:03Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 castanho_rep_dr_arafcf.pdf: 594268 bytes, checksum: dfde6bf728d4a5540d448b724827b497 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Devido à baixa sensibilidade do exame parasitológico de fezes (EPF) para o diagnóstico laboratorial da giardíase, o método imunoenzimático (ELISA Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) para pesquisa de coproantígenos de Giardia tem sido utilizado, mostrando alta sensibilidade e especificidade. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de se avaliar a eficácia do ELISA ProSpecT Giardia (Alexon, Inc. BioBrás) anti-GSA65 (antígeno fecal específico de Giardia - peso molecular 65.000 Da) como instrumento de controle de cura da giardíase e o seu limiar de positividade. A contagem de cistos por grama de fezes foi feita utilizando a câmara de Neubauer em amostras positivas para G.lamblia de 100 pacientes. Os resultados mostraram eliminação de 3,6 x 106 cistos por grama de fezes em média. Em gráfico esses resultados desenharam uma curva assimétrica positiva, sugerindo a ocorrência de falso-negativos. Avaliou-se também a eficácia do ELISA anti-GSA65 e o método de Faust e Cols (MFc) em detectar mínimas concentrações de cistos de G. lamblia em amostras fecais. Fezes positivas foram diluídas em fezes negativas de modo a se obter amostras com 100, 1.000 e 10.000 cistos por grama de fezes. O ELISA anti-GSA65 mostrou uma positividade significativamente maior que o MFc. Amostras contendo 10.000 cistos por grama de fezes apresentaram 84,7% de positividade pelo ELISA anti-GSA65 e 34,7% pelo MFc. A eficácia do ELISA anti-GSA65, como instrumento de controle de cura após o tratamento pelo metronidazol em 91 pacientes com giardíase, foi avaliada e mostrou que o ELISA anti-GSA65 pode ser usado para monitorar a cura de pacientes utilizando apenas uma amostra fecal, coletada entre o 4º e 7º dias após o tratamento. Pelo MFc seriam necessárias a coleta de duas ou três amostras. Foi avaliada também comparativamente a eficácia do ELISA anti-GSA65 e do... . / Due to the low sensitivity of the fecal examination (EPF) in detecting cysts of Giardia lamblia, the imunoenzimatic assay (ELISA enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) to detect G.lamblia coproantigens have been used and have showed high sensibility and specificity. With the ain of evaluating the efficacy of ELISA ProSpecT Giardia (Alexon, Inc. BioBrás) anti-GSA65 (Giardia stool specific antigens - molecular weigh 65.000 Da) as monitoring of the cure of giardiasis and its threshold of positivity it was developed this research. The cysts count per grama of faeces was calculated using Neubauer camera in positive fecal samples for Giardia in 100 patients. It was found a concentration of 3.6 X 106 cyst per grama of faeces as average. In a graph the data draw an assymmetrical positive curve, suggesting occurrence of false negative results. It was evaluated the efficacy of ELISA anti-GSA65, and fecal examination by Faust and colls. procedure (MFc), in detecting minimum concentrations of Giardia cysts in fecal samples. To obtain samples with 100, 1.000 and 10.000 cysts per grama, positive samples were diluted in negative samples. ELISA showed a positivity significative higher than MFc. Samples with 10.000 cystis per grama showed 84,7% of positivity by ELISA anti GSA65 and 34,7% by MFc. The efficacy of ELISA anti-GSA65 as cure monitoring after treatment with metronidazole in 91 patients with giardiasis, was evalued and showed that ELISA anti-GSA65 can be used to monitor the cure of patients, using only single sample of each patients, collected between the 4th and 7th days after treatment, whereas with MFc it would be necessary the exam of two or tree samples. It was also evaluated the efficacy of ELISA-anti-GSA65 and MFc in fecal samples of 96 patients. Considering 38 Giardia true positives and 58 true negatives, the ELISA anti-GSA65 showed 100% of sensibility... (Complete abstract, click electronic address below).
57

Biological and immunological aspects of the host-parasite relationship in infections of mice with Giardia muris

Belosevic, Miodrag. January 1985 (has links)
No description available.
58

Macrophage functions in Giardia lamblia infections

Bertrand, Sylvie January 1989 (has links)
No description available.
59

In vitro and in vivo studies on the immunobiology of encysting Giardia lamblia trophozoites

Campbell, John Darren January 1993 (has links)
No description available.
60

Development and evaluation of a cyst wall protein 2-encoding Giardia transmission-blocking DNA vaccine

Abdul-Wahid, Aws January 2007 (has links)
No description available.

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