Thesis (M.Com. (Management))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, School of Economic and Business Sciences, 2016. / Graduate unemployment has become a significant factor in the global economy. The economic system now relies on institutional unemployment figures as the indices of the socio-economic well-being of any country. Research shows that graduate unemployment is potentially damaging to the economy. If such unemployment persists, it may lead to the erosion and outdating of graduates' skills–bases, which will affect the economy in the long term. Statistical reports show that there is high graduate unemployment in South Africa; hence graduates struggle to find work despite the skills shortage in the country. This seems to contradict previous studies suggesting that the higher a person‘s education level, the higher his or her probability of finding employment. As a result of the significant rise in unemployment rates among South Africa‘s stock of graduates, the extent of the emerging skills-mismatch possessed by new graduate labour market entrants are increasingly misaligned with the skills demanded by employers.

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a inserção no mercado de trabalho dos egressos do mestrado acadêmico do curso de Pós-Graduação Interunidades Bioengenharia EESC-FMRP-IQSC-USP. Foi utilizado o sistema customizado em linguagem de programação especial \"Hypertext Preprocessor\" PHP com banco de dados MySQL para avaliar os dados. Foram avaliados 276 egressos do mestrado acadêmico em bioengenharia da USP formados no período de 1980 a 2012. Para avaliar o perfil dos egressos foram identificadas: a formação acadêmica, atividades profissionais, produção cientifica, opinião dos egressos sobre o curso e mercado de trabalho. Os resultados das variáveis de desfecho: ensino médio, graduação, formação geral, avaliação do curso pelo egresso, formação acadêmica, adequação da pesquisa, adequação da orientação, contribuição para a formação profissional, avaliação pelo egresso, mercado de trabalho. Os resultados mostram que 46% dos egressos são do sexo masculino e 54% do sexo feminino; 44% cursaram o ensino médio em escola pública; 76% graduação em período integral; 35% desenvolveram atividades culturais no país; 54,3% participaram de projeto de iniciação cientifica durante a graduação; 80% consideram positivamente o PPGIB para sua formação profissional, 44% apresentaram artigos em eventos científicos; 59% publicaram durante a permanência no PPGIB; 86% utilizaram sistema informatizado de bibliotecas; 25% consideram a pesquisa do PPGIB inovadora; 55% trabalham em IES na área do programa; 14% atuam em área diferente a do Programa; 12% exercem posições de liderança e estão trabalhando em IES; 14% estão insatisfeitos com salário oferecido. Conclui-se que o PPGIB oferece boas condições aos egressos para competirem profissionalmente. / The objective of this research was to evaluate the integration in the labor market for graduates of the academic Master Course Graduate Bioengineering Interunits EESC- USP-FMRP-IQSC. The custom system in special programming language \"Hypertext Preprocessor\" PHP with MySQL database was used to evaluate the data. 276 graduates of the academic master in bioengineering at USP graduated from 1980 to 2012 were analyzed. In order to evaluate the profile of the graduates education, professional activities, scientific production, opinion over the course of the graduates and the labor market were identified. The results of the outcome variables: high school, undergraduate, general education course evaluation by the enrolled student, academic training, adequacy of research, adequacy of guidance, contribution to training, evaluation by the enrolled student, the labor market. The results show that 46% of graduates are male and 54% female; 44% attended high school in a public school; 76% full-time undergraduate; 35% developed cultural activities in the country; 54.3% participated in undergraduate research project for graduation; 80% think positively PPGIB for their training, 44% had articles in scientific events; 59% published during the permanence in PPGIB; 86% used computerized library system; 25% consider the research of innovative PPGIB; 55% work in HEls in the program area; 14% work in a different area of the program; 12% are in leadership positions and are working in HEls; 14% are dissatisfied with the salary offered. We conclude that the PPGIB offers good conditions for graduates to compete professionally.

Submitted by admin tede (tede@pucgoias.edu.br) on 2016-11-07T10:42:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 GEOVANNA MOREIRA CALES RODRIGUES.pdf: 3101494 bytes, checksum: d6e041065e45e8c3c842305186697c04 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-07T10:42:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GEOVANNA MOREIRA CALES RODRIGUES.pdf: 3101494 bytes, checksum: d6e041065e45e8c3c842305186697c04 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-24 / In this study we analyze the contribution of training in top level of the first degree in Education from the State University of Goiás (UEG), Campus Inhumas, at night, when it comes to expectations about career as access, pay and stay in job market. For that, we turn to research bibliographical sources, documentary and field, through questionnaires applied to 51.3% of the graduates of 2005. The principle of our research started from the perspective that the nature of work changes as if modify the production relations. In this regard, we note that the job setup in today's society takes a specific form, which subjects the employee to the logic of capital. In our society we have been increasingly valued knowledge and technological innovations. These are not only fundamental to the development of capitalism, they define the worker's profile, with increasing levels of training, which is achieved by education. Such requirements have guided the spread of the Theory of Human Capital between 1960 and 1970 decades, however, we see a contradiction: while the capital depends on the training of workers, unemployed need as a reserve to lower the cost of labor of work. In this sense, we see in education policy a containment effort of the workers' access to higher levels of education, the dual education establishment. Although in our study have shown that during the period of the Governments Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010) and Dilma Rousseff (2011-2014) have been marked by an increase of about 70% of enrollments in higher education in the federal system, we found that was not enough, since only 14% of the population able to complete a degree by 2013. The struggle of the workers as a class resistance, is of great importance in the achievement of social rights, because it was through her that access containment policies to higher education declined. The training at the college level was constituted as an important mechanism of improving the quality of life, since all graduates surveyed are working. Of them, 94% work in education; 57% hold a workday of 8 hours or more; and 88% contribute to the family budget. These workers are deployed to work two or more jobs. As a result of the efforts made by these graduates, we see that even in funding, 70% of them won the home; 82% purchased computers; 76% have a car; and 76% have Internet access, among other achievements. However, these graduates have shown the weight of the working day, which is often meaningless. As argued Tonet (2013), quoting Marx, work is no longer part of the worker's life and turns into a sacrifice of his life. / Nesta investigação analisamos a contribuição da formação em nível superior do curso de licenciatura em Pedagogia da Universidade Estadual de Goiás (UEG), Campus Inhumas, no período noturno, no que se refere às expectativas sobre a carreira quanto ao acesso, remuneração e permanência no mercado de trabalho. Para tanto, recorremos à pesquisa em fontes bibliográficas, documentais e de campo, por meio de questionários aplicados para 51,3% dos concluintes de 2005. O princípio da nossa investigação partiu da perspectiva de que a natureza do trabalho se modifica conforme se modificam as relações de produção. Nesse sentido, salientamos que a configuração do trabalho na sociedade atual assume uma forma específica, que submete o trabalhador à lógica do capital. Na nossa sociedade têm sido, cada vez mais valorizados o conhecimento e as inovações tecnológicas. Esses não apenas são fundamentais para o desenvolvimento do capitalismo, como definem o perfil do trabalhador, com cada vez maiores patamares de formação, que é conquistada pela educação. Tais exigências orientaram a propagação da Teoria do Capital Humano entre as décadas de 1960 e 1970. No entanto, verificamos uma contradição: ao mesmo tempo em que o capital depende da formação do trabalhador, necessita de desempregados como reserva, para baixar o custo da mão de obra. Nesse sentido, verificamos nas políticas educacionais um esforço de contenção do acesso dos trabalhadores aos níveis mais elevados de ensino, pelo estabelecimento do ensino dual. Ainda que em nosso trabalho tenhamos evidenciado que durante o período dos Governos Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2010) e Dilma Rousseff (2011-2014) tenham sido marcados pelo aumento de cerca de 70% das matrículas em nível superior na rede federal, constatamos que ainda não foi suficiente, visto que apenas 14% da população conseguiu concluir uma graduação até 2013. A luta dos trabalhadores, enquanto resistência de classe, reveste-se de grande importância na conquista de direitos sociais, pois foi por meio dela que as políticas de contenção de acesso ao ensino superior diminuíram. A formação em nível superior se constituiu como um importante mecanismo de melhoria da qualidade de vida, uma vez todos os egressos pesquisados estão trabalhando. Deles, 94% atuam na educação; 57% realizam uma jornada diária de trabalho de 8 horas ou mais; e 88% contribuem no orçamento familiar. Esses trabalhadores se desdobram para trabalhar em dois ou mais empregos. Como resultado dos esforços empreendidos por esses egressos, verificamos que, mesmo sob financiamento, 70% deles conquistaram a casa própria; 82% adquiriram computadores; 76% possuem automóvel; e 76% têm acesso à internet, entre outras conquistas. Entretanto, esses egressos demonstraram o peso da jornada de trabalho, que muitas vezes é destituída de sentido. Conforme argumenta Tonet (2013), citando Marx, o trabalho deixa de ser parte da vida do trabalhador e se transforma em um sacrifício da sua vida.

The aim of my diploma thesis is to capture the history of secondary education and, at the same time, to link this historical development to a particular secondary school - Bohumil Hrabal Gymnasium in Nymburk. The introductory part describes the beginnings of the formation of grammar schools in our state territory. It focuses on education reforms during the Enlightenment. The second part describes the events of the 20th century. It also includes the establishment of a secondary school in Nymburk, periods of the First and Second World Wars, Prague Spring 1968, normalization period and events after 1989. The final part focuses on contemporary life in school, celebrating the establishment of the school, an overview of famous graduates and circumstances of changing the name of the school. The work also contains the testimony of witnesses - graduates and teachers.

鄭均杰. / "2013年8月". / "2013 nian 8 yue". / Thesis (Ed.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 120-123). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract in Chinese and English. / Zheng Junjie.

O Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geografia (POSGEA), Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), situa-se entre um dos melhores do país, desde a penúltima avaliação trienal da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), realizada em 2012, permanecendo nesse patamar na avaliação de 2017. O presente trabalho visa responder ao seguinte problema de pesquisa: O investimento pessoal na carreira durante a trajetória formativa favorece a inserção de egressos de doutorado em postos acadêmicos e de pesquisa, considerando que o POSGEA tem como meta a formação de profissionais acadêmicos altamente qualificados? Neste sentido, buscase, como objetivo geral, compreender os fatores de trajetória que interferem no destino profissional dos 80 doutores egressos do POSGEA/UFRGS, no período de 2008/1 a 2016/1. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de questionários online, com cerca de 40 questões, disponibilizados via plataforma Google Docs, no período de janeiro a junho de 2016. Os 67 questionários respondidos garantem o nível de confiança de 95%, com margem de 5% de erro para a pesquisa. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente com o auxílio do software SPSS, versão 18. Os resultados obtidos apontam que a inserção prévia no mercado de trabalho e a participação em eventos ao longo da pós-graduação favorecem o ingresso de docentes nas instituições de ensino superior. / The Geography Postgraduate Program (POSGEA), from Geosciences Institute of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), is one of the best in the country, since 2012's triennial evaluation of Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES), remaining at this level in the evaluation of 2017. Considering that, the present paper aims to answer the following question: does the personal investment in career during the formative trajectory benefits the insertion of doctorate graduates in both academic and research positions, considering that POSGEA aims to train highly qualified academic professionals?. In this sense, the general objective is to understand the trajectory factors that interferes in the professional destination of 80 POSGEA/UFRGS’ graduated doctors, from 2008/1 to 2016/1. Data collection was performed through an around 40-question online questionnaire, available on Google Docs platform, from January to June 2016. The 67 questionnaires answered guarantee around 95% on confidence level and a margin of 5% error for the search. The SPSS software, version 18, analyzed the data statistically. The results obtained indicate that both the preview insertion on labor market and the participation in events during the postgraduate period promotes the entry of those egresses into higher education institutions.

The Umea university Faculty of humanities offers programs, courses, cross-disciplinary educations and post graduate studies. The university mentions on their website that newly graduated students rapidly establish themself in the labour market. Meanwhile a survey made by statistics Sweden (Statistiska centralbyrån) shows that graduates in humanities i general and graduates in journalism and media particularly experiences the longest gap between graduation and permanent employment. The labor market of media and communications branches off in a variety of businesses and the ever so fast development of technologies has created an evenly fast developing anticipation in the employees. The purpose of this study is to use the program of media- och communication in Umea university as case, and study the graduates entrance in the labour market. Furthermore the purpose is to build understandings for how the graduates value the expertise they have acquired and how this is to be understood in relation to the development of the industry. The study is based on an online survey in which 11 years of graduates answers 11 questions. In total 104 respondents answered the survey and the main conclusions interrelates to theories of the implications of competences, and how the information society has restructured the circumstances of the labour market. The main conclusions summarizes that the graduates rapidly establishes themself in the labour market, an that even though 50% of the graduates has chosen to complement their studies they generally experience satisfaction with the choice of subject. Furthermore the results shows that the workers assignments has changed over time, however only in some areas.

Human capital has become a key driver of individual employment and economic growth over the past few decades. The Republic of Korea in particular has experienced rapid and sustained economic success due to a marked rise in educated human capital over the past thirty years, but this status has begun to falter as glaring inefficiencies in the South Korean educational system, particularly concerning higher education, have emerged. The high-performing academic curricula at Korea’s higher education institutions fail to reflect the needs of industries, and the subsequent high unemployment rate among university graduates has led to a high incidence of voluntary college leaves of absence (LOAs) aimed at acquiring and reinforcing those skills required by the labor market, suggesting that Korea’s educational progress and the labor market are not well matched. This dissertation is the first study aimed at understanding this voluntary break in college schooling while controlling for self-selection bias using propensity score matching (PSM) estimates. This study contributes to exploring the causal effect of a college LOA on labor market outcomes and heterogeneous effects across family background based on the 2011 Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey (GOMS), the results of which may be useful for policymakers. Distinguishing between engaging in a college LOA to gain skills or experience and engaging in an LOA because of financial difficulties, I find significant positive effects of a college leave of absence on earnings and employment status for college LOAs motivated by employment preparation for both males and females. Considering that there is high financial dependence on parents in South Korea, both for funding one’s education and for covering the monetary costs of taking a college LOA, there is a strong link between family socioeconomic status (SES) and access to extra career-related activities through a college LOA. Families with low SES do not have the same opportunities to participate in college LOAs for employment preparation as do high SES students. Although low SES students have higher heterogeneous effects of a college LOA to prepare for employment, students with low parental income have limited returns to education. The close relationship between parental wealth and the ability to invest in experience and on-the-job training through an LOA may play a significant role in achieving successful labor market outcomes. This means that college LOAs can become a new channel for intergenerational transmission of earnings and even social inequality. The impact of a college LOA due to financial difficulties on monthly income is not statistically significant for both males and females. However, statistically significant negative effect for males are found after controlling for work experience while enrolled in college, implying that student employment during college for male students who take an LOA for financial reasons has a significantly negative effect on wages in the labor market. This could be because the types of jobs that students might work may not be oriented toward labor market preparation and may even impede the development of increased human capital or have negative signaling properties, thus inducing negative labor market payoffs after graduation. Interestingly, even LOAs due to financial difficulties have a positive impact on female employment status. Given that South Korea has high barriers to labor market participation for women in South Korea, a college LOA contributes to a reduction in temporary female workers, indicating that more women are participating in the labor market with stable employment status.

In this dissertation, I explore how male university graduates in Lahore go about securing mainly government employment. Ethnographic exploration of what seems to be an individual quest in the temporal juncture between completing a degree and securing full time employment is in fact an intensively social and political process. Participant observation of these career-building endeavors in and around a hostel, an ‘academy,’ and in a call center speaks to the way graduates orient themselves and endeavor to create their future in a stratified society. Accounts of experiences of job seekers reveal how different forms of capital are mobilized in educational processes. The goal that shapes aspirations and strategies is that of elite government service, indicative of a time of anemic economic growth and perceived political instability. The state then sets the standard for achievement of graduates’ career goals, motivated by security, status, and stability. Thus, the state looms large in the ways young men figure their future, in a way, becoming an arbiter in an encounter between job seekers and the structure of power relations. That is, unemployed graduates need to become worthy or achieve merit, adjusting or cultivating one’s habitus in order to get there. The foregoing suggests power relations in the eyes of young men are configured not only through social or cultural capital but by political capital. I thus highlight power in the self-making process that produces what I argue could be seen as a culturally-specific middle class subjectivity. I make the case for a ‘habitus’ that can be cultivated and shaped by political and economic conditions, loosening theory’s conceptual rigidity while highlighting the ways it mediates the temporal juncture between education and employment.

Education is an important component of social and economic development and an essential factor that affects the classification of each individual in society. This diploma is focused on a connection of educational system and labour market. The theoretical part deals with educational system and the vision of educational policy which should reflect the social demands in the long term. The educational system is directly connected with the labour market. Graduates who come on the market to find their place are specific group. The supply is mainly based on achieved level of education and a field of study. Demand for their skills is not often in accordance with the offer and endangers their chances of success. The objective of the diploma is to analyse regional labour market of graduates in the district of Nymburk. The survey between students and pupils of high schools in the region was an unnecessary part of its work. This survey should have shown motives of choice of studied subject and approach of future graduates in terms of searching for a very first and further jobs in their career.