nÃo hà / O objetivo desta pesquisa foi identificar os fatores (de carÃter pessoal, da formaÃÃo acadÃmica e de carÃter ocupacional) que influenciam na probabilidade de obtenÃÃo da ocupaÃÃo na Ãrea do curso de graduaÃÃo e/ou do aumento da renda dos egressos dos cursos de graduaÃÃo da Universidade Federal do CearÃ. Para alcanÃar esse objetivo, a metodologia aplicada foi de pesquisa descritiva, explicativa, e quantitativa, utilizando-se de dados primÃrios, obtidos atravÃs de questionÃrios aplicados junto a 597 graduados de 2011, adquirindo-se uma amostra de 100 colaboradores, alÃm de dados secundÃrios, planilhas contendo o IRA-Geral e IRA-Individual dos graduados, obtidos no banco de dados da PrÃ-Reitoria de GraduaÃÃo. O mÃtodo de anÃlise dos resultados da pesquisa fez uso do modelo economÃtrico de escolha binÃria logit. Das respostas dos questionÃrios, observou-se, principalmente, que a maioria dos graduados, em anÃlise, da UFC està ocupada na Ãrea do curso de graduaÃÃo e obteve um aumento na sua renda. Dos resultados estimados verificou-se que 4 (quatro) variÃveis explicativas influenciam positivamente (aumentam) na probabilidade do graduado obter ocupaÃÃo na Ãrea do curso de graduaÃÃo: etnia, experiÃncia profissional anterior, outro(s) curso(s) superior(es) e turno do curso. Verificou-se, tambÃm, que 3 (trÃs) variÃveis explicativas elevam a probabilidade do graduado obter aumento da renda: IRA-Geral, ocupado na Ãrea do curso de graduaÃÃo e outro(s) curso(s) superior(es). Jà a variÃvel idade influencia negativamente (diminui) na probabilidade do graduado obter aumento de renda. Ademais, os 2 (dois) modelos Logit estimados para ocupaÃÃo e renda produziram resultados consistentes com a realidade, e foi validada a hipÃtese da pesquisa de que o IRA-Geral dos graduados da UFC representa um fator determinante na obtenÃÃo do aumento da renda dos mesmos. / The main point of this research was to identify which factors (concerning to personal aspects, academic training and occupational character) influence on the probabilities related to occupation in the areas of graduation courses and income growth on the egresses from the graduated students at the Universidade Federal do CearÃ. In order to achieve this goal, the applied methodology was the descriptive and explanatory research, also quantitative, using primary data, obtained through questionnaires applied to 597 graduated students in 2011, then acquiring a sample of 100 contributors, besides secondary data, spreadsheets containing general and individual â API (Academic performance index) from the graduated students of Pro-Reitoria de GraduaÃÃo database. The result analysis method was an econometric model logit of binary choice. Concerning to the answers, it was verified that the most part of the graduated students in analysis are engaged in areas related to their graduation courses and have increased their incomes. From the estimated results, it could be verified that 4(four) explanatory variants influence positively (increase) on chances of a given graduated student to get an occupation in a field related to his graduation course: ethnicity, previous professional experience, another graduation course and the course time. Further, it could be verified that 3 (three) explanatory variables increase the probabilities of getting an income raise, which are: general-API, working in an area related to the graduation course and another graduation course. As for the age-variable, it is considered to influence negatively (diminish) on the probability of obtaining an income raise. Besides, the 2(two) Logit estimated models for occupation and income showed results which were consistent with the reality, and was validated the research hypothesis which states that the general API of UFC graduate students is a determining factor in getting the increased income of the same.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-05-19T18:38:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Jonadable Alves Palmeira.pdf: 884368 bytes, checksum: a6e5758607e76f7a9dd3f27004d9f31c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-19T18:38:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Jonadable Alves Palmeira.pdf: 884368 bytes, checksum: a6e5758607e76f7a9dd3f27004d9f31c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-21 / This survey was conducted in the city of Venda Nova do Imigrante with the graduates from the agroindustry technical course of the Instituto Federal do Esp?rito Santo (IFES). Aiming to analyze the pedagogic project of the course and the graduates' perception about their technical training. It was used a qualitative approach and turned to case study research, as well as basing on documentary analysis and observation. Started from literature review to support the analysis of educational legislation, IFES institutional documents and the pedagogical project of the course. With the theoretical basis consolidated, semi-structured interviews were done to nine participants, the interviews were subjected to content analysis, through technical analysis category. Understanding that the pedagogic project has two dimensions, the writing and the experienced, it started in a first moment with critical reflection of the written document and secondly to give contours to the pedagogic project experienced in the graduates' perception about their training. The results of this survey showed that on the way to a democratic school it is necessary to overcome the purely academic vision, the dialogue between the academic and the traditional knowledge may resignify the role of training in agroindustry, expanding the participation of the subjects and also enabling the construction of a effective collective project. / Esta pesquisa foi realizada no munic?pio de Venda Nova do Imigrante com os egressos do curso t?cnico em agroind?stria do Instituto Federal do Esp?rito Santo (IFES). Tendo como objetivo analisar o projeto pedag?gico do curso e a percep??o dos egressos quanto a sua forma??o t?cnica. Utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa e recorreu ao estudo de caso como tipo de pesquisa, al?m de se ancorar na an?lise documental e na observa??o. Partiu-se da revis?o de literatura para fundamentar a an?lise das legisla??es educacionais, dos documentos institucionais do IFES e do projeto pedag?gico do curso. Com a base te?rica consolidada, realizou-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas com nove participantes, as entrevistas foram submetidas a uma an?lise de conte?do, por meio da t?cnica de an?lise categoria. Compreendendo que o projeto pedag?gico tem duas dimens?es, o escrito e o vivenciado, partiu-se num primeiro momento da reflex?o critica do documento escrito e em um segundo momento buscou-se d? contornos ao projeto pedag?gico vivenciado a partir da percep??o dos egressos quanto a sua forma??o. Os resultados desta pesquisa apontaram que no caminho para uma escola democr?tica ? necess?rio superar a vis?o puramente acad?mica, o di?logo entre o conhecimento acad?mico e o saber tradicional poder? ressignificar o papel da forma??o em agroind?stria, ampliando a participa??o dos sujeitos e possibilitando assim a constru??o de um projeto efetivamente coletivo.

The inadequacy of entrepreneurial knowledge among 21-25 year olds in Nigeria with recent undergraduate degrees has led to youth unemployment after graduating from universities. The development of entrepreneurship skills through entrepreneurship education programs for the students in tertiary institutions in Nigeria may bridge the unemployment gap. Guided by the theory of planned behavior, the purpose of this exploratory multiple case study was to gain a robust common understanding of how undergraduates from 21-25 years old can obtain the entrepreneurial knowledge required for self-employment in Nigeria. Data collection involved semistructured interviews, field notes, and archived training documents, with a purposeful sample of 15 undergraduate degree holders over 21 years old, who had been self-employed, in different industries and possessed entrepreneurial knowledge and experiences. Using Yin's 5 step data analysis process, member checking, and triangulation resulted in the emergence of codes, themes, and categories. The key themes were knowledge of business management, identification of business opportunities, information from workshop and seminars, information from social media and customer service, information on innovation, and mentor and mentee relationship. The findings from this study provide the empirical evidence needed to support entrepreneurship education as well as insight on tertiary institutions' commitment to entrepreneurship education that may lead to the creation of employment and empowers entrepreneurs towards national growth and development. The implications for positive social change include reshaping the way undergraduates prepare for self-employment, leading to a reduction of unemployment among youths in Nigeria.

In this study, we conducted a qualitative exploration of the lived-experiences of underemployed First-Generation College Graduates (FGCG). The purpose of the study was to expand and promote a thoughtful discourse about a more inclusive and domain-sensitive approach to counseling underemployed first-generation college graduates. Participants’ consisted of seven underemployed first-generation college graduates in a small Midwestern city. Participants’ ages ranged from 22 to 30 years old (M= 27.8, SD=2.7). Of the participants, all were Caucasian (5 female, 2 male) and had graduated within the past six years. Using Consensual Qualitative Research (CQR; Hill et al., 2005; Hill, 2012), we conducted seven 60-minute semi-structured individual interviews. Five domains emerged from analysis of the results: (1) Messages concerning the college to work connection, (2) lived-experience of underemployment, (3) perceived barriers to adequate employment, (4) resources and coping strategies, (5) future outlook. Within these domains 10 categories and 29 subcategories emerged. A detailed summary of these results and implications will be provided.

The 1969 through 1976 graduating classes of the business education program at Utah State University were surveyed in this study. The questionnaire was designed to ascertain the work experience of the graduates, the educational status of the graduates, and the value the graduates place on the courses contained in the business education program according to the occupations of the graduates. Graduates are employed in a large variety of occupations, and the majority of the graduates hold teaching certificates. The majority of the graduates have not completed advanced degrees, and are undecided as to whether or not they will continue their education. In all but five courses, the graduates; occupations were found to be unrelated to their response concerning the value of a course when the chi square test was applied. The courses in which a significant difference at the .05 level of significance was found were: (1) methods of teaching typewriting, (2) methods of teaching shorthand, (3) economics I, (4) office practice, and (5) office management. The majority of the graduates indicated their preparation was "excellent" or "good". The members of the department of Business Education were listed as the greatest strength of the program by the graduates.

The Home Economics Program of Intermountain School in Brigham City, Utah was studied by a survey of graduates of the program of the year 1968. Research data was obtained from two sources: (1) a questionnaire to students who had graduated from the Home Economics Programs of Intermountain School in Brigham City in the year 1968, and (2) a questionnaire to employers of these students. Findings of the study were that Home Economics education is useful to students in their personal life as well as in post high school training and employment and that a majority of the employers questioned rated graduates' preparation for work satisfactory. Many suggestions were made by graduates and their employers for improvements and additions to Home Economics and Preparation for Work programs.

Statement of Purpose: The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to ascertain the value of the training received in the one-year shorthand program at the Cedar City High School, Cedar City, Utah, as indicated by the graduates of the program; and (2) to suggest ways in which the Cedar City High School business education department may improve the curricula insofar as the one-year shorthand program is concerned. Methods and Sources Used: A follow-up study in the form of a survey was made of the graduates of Cedar City High School who participated in the one-year shorthand program. Permission to perform the study was obtained from the school administration, and names of participants were taken from the school records. A questionnaire containing pertinent information was sent to each graduate participating in the program during the years 1959-1960 and 1965-1966. The responses of each were compiled as a part of this thesis. Summary of Findings: After graduating from the vocational shorthand program, students are finding jobs which require little or no shorthand skill. With 29 out of 76 graduates finding employment in which they can use their shorthand skill, a great deal of information and sources need to be made available to students concerning shorthand job opportunities. Thirty of the graduates made an effort to strengthen their shorthand skills in business college, junior college, and university programs. Sixty-two (72 per cent) of the responding graduates indicated a lower ability level in shorthand than they had attained in high school. Students may not be aware of the educational opportunities available in the community in which they can refresh their shorthand skills. The stenographic office practice course is not used to provide practice in dictation and transcription. Sixty per cent of the graduates were allowed to skip this valuable part of the course in which reinforcement of shorthand skills can be accomplished. Evidently, students would rather take other courses in the school curriculum than continue with the advised shorthand program. Students do not seem to be developing high rates of transcription speeds because of the limited time available in which the skill is taught, learned, and developed. Evidently dictation and transcription skills are taught and learned as separate activities instead of as a fusion of both. The low proficiency demonstrated in transcription activities (18 to 25 words a minute ) may indicate the need for a fused program.

Despite advances in medical technologies, interpersonal communication remains the primary tool physicians use to exchange information, make diagnoses, and treat patients (Cameron & Williams, 1997; Groopman, 2007; Ong, de Haes, Hoos, & Lammes, 1995). In the medical encounter effective communication between physician and patient is essential so that beneficial health and wellbeing outcomes are achieved for patients. Taking a discourse analytic approach, this study examined interactions occurring between international medical graduate (IMG) residents, attending physicians, and patients during the treatment advice phase of the supervised medical encounter. The aim of the study was to examine the co-constructed nature of the delivery and receipt of treatment advice and the ways in which physicians and patients managed interpersonal relations through the negotiated activity. The theoretical framework of pragmatic competence was utilized to underpin the study. Physician-patient interactions served as the primary data source. Medical encounter interactions between five different IMG residents and 31 patients were observed and audio-recorded. Observations and a post-medical encounter survey completed by patients served as secondary data sources. The analysis of the data revealed that this medical speech activity embedded within the medical encounter was realized through the use of a variety of discourse strategies and contributions from multiple participants as they attended to the interpersonal and transactional goals associated with the delivery and receipt of treatment advice. Findings provided insights into how multi-party discourse worked to jointly construct and negotiate treatment recommendations. Findings indicated that IMG residents utilized indirect advice giving strategies. Additionally, both IMG residents and patients utilized interrogatives in various ways to engage actively in the treatment decision-making process. Finally, the data revealed how the participants attended to each other's face needs as they worked to enhance, maintain, or challenge face through the dynamic process of negotiating relationships.

While there is abundant literature about Australian rural women including references to those who have had or wish to have some form of tertiary education, little attention is given to those who are the subject of the present study, graduate rural women, in this case of the state of New South Wales, Australia. The significance of the research emerged from its focus on the experiences of such women, with the purpose of the study being to present an exploration of their previously unrecorded perceptions of themselves as graduates occupying a place in their rural communities - to articulate the impact and import of graduate status for rural women. As understanding the articulations rather than explaining the data was deemed to be more appropriate to the exploration, a qualitative-interpretivist approach was adopted, recognising that a grounded constructivist epistemology would assist in viewing the experiences through the eyes of the participants. Data were collected in the form of written narrative - correspondence via e-mail - which allowed both the participants and myself to revisit and reflect upon each other's comments. The graduate women's comments were wide-ranging, from matters of concern to all country people, to those which were particularly relevant to graduate rural women, such as the perceived value of their own expertise and their experiences in taking up either professional or other roles in the rural context. The depth of thought, the powers of perception, the identification of lines of reasoning, the development of interwoven themes in rural life, and the manner of expression through the articulation of common occurrences, revealed far more than was originally envisaged. From the resultant collation of data it was possible to identify, examine and associate important perceptions which permeated the lives of graduate rural women. An exploration of the term rural and being a rural person in that environment was an important pre-cursor to interpreting subsequent articulations as the meaning of rurality extended the accepted geographical definitions and comparative urban-rural economic and social relationships. With this understanding, remembered experiences embraced the stages of becoming and being graduate rural women in professional practice and in everyday life, evidencing the participants' introspective, positive appreciation of the impact and import of their university education in the fulfilling and rewarding application of their professional skills. The concluding stage involved the graduates' relationship with the members of their rural communities as they attempted to pursue their lives at the level of their confidence and belief in themselves and in the value of their education. Challenging situations were recounted, indicating a schism to be overcome in that association, with male culture and traditional attitudes, the feminist movement and the rural crisis being included in the considerations. The core concepts, upon which the findings of the research were structured, emerged from the participants' articulations to illustrate the stages of becoming and being graduate rural women, both from the introspective and contextual viewpoints. The written narrative articulations of graduate rural women defined their reflective views of self-empowerment through education, countered by the challenges and constraints of social reality in the application of that ability in the rural context of their professional and everyday lives. The previously unrecorded perceptions of this significant section of society have added to the store of knowledge by giving graduate women a voice, a basis for further expression and a collective presence and identity in the rural situation. The future value of this research lies in its dissemination to raise awareness of identified issues and in its invitation to explore a wider sphere of knowledge enrichment beyond its central focus.

The main objective of this research is to estimate internal and external wage effects associated with a changing share of college graduates in Canada. This paper uses data drawn from the Canadian 1991, 1996, and 2001 Public Use Microdata File for 25 to 65 years old individuals working full-time and full-year in metropolitan areas. These workers are then separated into four different levels of education groups in order to estimate the effect of change in the share of college-educated workers on their earnings. <p>The Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) estimates, controlling for potential work experience, total years of schooling, individual occupation, employment industry, immigration status, visible minority status, show a significant positive relationship between the percentage change of the share of college-educated workers and the percentage change of individuals real weekly wage rates. We found that one percentage point increase in a census metropolitan areas share of college-graduated workers was associated with a 0.35 percentage change in all workers wage rates in that city. For separated education groups, our results showed that a one percentage expansion in the supply of college-graduated workers raised less than high schools wage rate by 0.245 percent, raised high-school graduates wage rate by 0.363 percent, raised more than college-educated workers wage rate by 0.385 percent, and raised college-educated wage rate by 0.326 percentage. These results are consistent with the conclusion arrived at by E. Moretti, (2004) that all types of workers earnings increased when a citys share of college graduates rose.