73 Abstract The first part of my dissertation deals with the philosophy of Gabriel Marcel. It begins with the basic information about the philosopher as well as with his thinking placed within the context of the philosophy's history. Next step is Mr. Marcel's ideas about the feeling of the essence of life which is significant to experience in one man's life in order to set off the journey of englightenment. The feeling of the essence of life is unfortunately being silenced in nowadays people. After that I introduce the philosopher's conception of the imprisonment of a human being. This imprisonment is the cornerstone of his explanation of the metaphysics of hope. At the end of the first part I submit the power and the importance of hope in a human's state of mind which can be so stable that even the death of the beloved doesn't mean the end of hope. As mentioned before, the second part begins with the information about Mr. Albert Camus and I also put his philosophy in the context of the history. The most important step is to introduce his feeling of the futility without which the philosophy of Mr. Camus cannot be understood. The next vital part is his understanding and asking of one man's life relevance and also the philosopher's perception of a suicide. The cost of human life is the focal point of...

Mori Ōgai’s (1862-1922) 1909 translation and the subsequent theater production of Henrik Ibsen’s 1896 play John Gabriel Borkman was in many ways instrumental in the formation of Japanese Meiji-era shingeki theater. Through his career as a translator, Ōgai’s translation approach shifted from one of decreasingly relying on domestication techniques to staying more faithful to the source text through use of foreignization techniques and arguably towards what has been identified by Eugene Nida and Jin Di as dynamical equivalence or equivalent effect, respectively, in drama translation. In this project, Ōgai’s translation of John Gabriel Borkman is examined using a set of categories peculiar to drama translation, as proposed by Chinese scholars Xu and Cui (2011), again based on the theories of Nida and Di. The categories are intelligibility, brevity, characterization and actability. The results from the analysis are used to do a qualitative analysis of Ōgai’s approach to drama translation. Results from the study indicate that Ōgai put large emphasis on the intelligibility of the play, and perhaps over the aspects of brevity, characterization and actability. However, wherever the brevity aspect seems not to be in violation of any of the other aspects, Ōgai seems to have tried to adhere as close as possible to the source texts in terms of speaking length.

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El presente trabajo busca comprender y explicar los procesos compositivos del ballet La delicadeza de lo sublime, de Gabriel Iwasaki. Para lograrlo, primero será necesario fundamentar la postura estética adoptada para esta obra, para lo cual se realizará una reflexión y crítica sobre la estética musical académica contemporánea. El resultado de dichos procesos reflexivos hará posible proponer una visión particular sobre cómo entender la apuesta estética del ballet. Por ser el amor un eje central en el guion del ballet, se reflexionará sobre la vigencia de temas como este en la composición musical. Se explicará hasta qué punto la composición de la obra ha sido influida por vivencias pasadas del compositor y ha constituido un mecanismo de maduración emocional frente a un proceso de duelo personal, razones por las cuales será necesario evaluar el rol del inconsciente a lo largo del proceso de composición. En cuanto a lo propiamente musical, se explicará el proceso de concepción de la música, su elaboración y subsiguiente desarrollo, así como la forma en la cual el compositor ha hecho uso de recursos musicales para representar y reforzar los conceptos planteados en el guion del ballet a través de la composición. / The aim of this study is to understand and explain the compositional processes of the ballet La delicadeza de lo sublime (The Delicacy of the Sublime) by Gabriel Iwasaki. In order to achieve this, it was firstly necessary to substantiate the musical aesthetics stance of this piece, for which a reflection and criticism of the aesthetics of academic contemporary music is needed. The result of these processes of reflection will enable to propose a particular vision on how to understand the musical aesthetics of the ballet. Since love is the focal point in the script of this ballet, it is necessary to reflect on how valid it is to touch on these topics nowadays. The study will explain to what extent the composition of the ballet has been influenced by past experiences of the composer and has worked as an emotional growth mechanism to deal with a personal grief process, which is why it will be necessary to assess the role the unconscious mind plays throughout the compositional process. In regards to the musical aspect, this study will show the conception process of the music, its elaboration and following development, as well as how the composer has made use of different musical resources to represent and reinforce the concepts established in the ballet script through composition.

This thesis tries to answer the question of how the night office sluthō d-lilyō has developed in the Syrian Orthodox Antiochian tradition as it is expressed in the Syrian Orthodox prayerbook of ܫܚܝܡܐ Šḥimō - which is the prayerbook used on ordinary weekdays and Saturdays throughout the liturgical year except for the great Lent. One of the main liturgical scholars of the 20th century, Robert F. Taft S.J. (+ 2018), refined the methods of Anton Baumstark (+ 1948) and Juan Mateos S.J. (+ 2003), and studied how the Liturgy and Liturgy of the Hours have grown during the centuries. This thesis uses the method(s) of Taft and studies how the night office has grown by comparing the structure of this office in six manuscripts from the Monastery of Mor Gabriel in Tur-’Abdin – one of the major monasteries in the Syrian Orthodox world. The oldest manuscript in our study is dated to 1474 C.E. (perhaps the oldest dated MS of the Šḥimō in the entire world). Few studies have looked into how the Šḥimō tradition has changed during the centuries and in this thesis we will take the night office as an example of liturgical growth and development.

Ce mémoire entend démontrer que l'étude du discours alimentaire constitue un moyen original de saisir la rencontre de deux cultures. Par le biais de l'analyse des passages relatifs à l'alimentation présents dans le Grand Voyage du pays des Hurons (1632) du Récollet Gabriel Sagard, il cherche à porter au jour les représentations de l'Autre véhiculées par les descriptions et les traces, dans le récit, de la réaction d'un Français du début du XVIIe siècle confronté au monde amérindien. Ce n'est donc pas l'alimentation comme telle qui est étudiée mais son rôle de référent culturel. / Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2013

Que peut-il y avoir à penser entre jeu et politique ? A priori, peu de chose. Cette thèse questionne pourtant l’écart apparent entre le mode ludique et la perspective politique à l’heure où cette dernière est sommée de renouveler ses formes et ses moyens au théâtre dans le cadre d’un désaveu de l’activité politique plus général depuis la fin des années quatre-vingt. Dans un dialogue ouvert entre l’expérience latino-américaine et le reste de la scène internationale, il s’agit d’observer en quoi le modèle du jeu participe au travail de redéfinition d’un théâtre qui se voudrait politique aujourd’hui. D’une part, il permet d’appréhender les transformations du contexte théâtral latino-américain à la fin du XX° siècle qui voit son modèle de théâtre politique engagé remis en question. D’autre part, il devient un outil pour étudier les textes de Fabio Rubiano (Colombie, 1963) Rafael Spregelburd (Argentine, 1970) et Gabriel Calderón (Uruguay, 1982), dans leur articulation spécifique au politique. Se dessine alors une politique du jeu, dans les pas de Jacques Rancière et de sa « politique de l’esthétique », qui dispose la perspective politique, en tant que critique du présent et désir de transformation, depuis un rapport au réel, une production de sens et une conception du spectateur qui lui sont propres. Entre jeu et politique, deux dynamiques majeures s’établissent au sein du corpus. Le jeu s’offre d’abord comme un moyen paradoxal de critique. Il dispose des hétérotopies ludiques qui mettent à distance le présent pour mieux faire la peinture dystopique de ses failles et ses manquements. Dans un second temps ou simultanément, il brouille cette première interprétation critique par des expérimentations formelles et fictionnelles qui mettent l’accent sur la créativité elle-même. Si la portée utopique de ces expérimentations varie selon les textes et les auteurs, toutes participent à formuler les prémices de transfigurations à venir. / At first glance, there is not much to be said about the relation between play and politics. And yet, this thesis questions the gap between playful mode and political perspective at a time when the latter is being asked to renew its theatrical forms and means in a more general context of disavowal of the political practice since the end of the 1980s. As part of an open dialogue between the Latin-American experience and the rest of the international scene, this work focuses on the ways in which the play model participates in a redefinition of a theatre striving to be political. First, it allows for the apprehension of transformations within the Latin-American theatrical context of the end of the 20th Century when its model of a politically engaged theatre was being questioned. Furthermore, it becomes a tool to study texts by Fabio Rubiano (b. 1963, Colombia) Rafael Spregelburd (b. 1970, Argentina) and Gabriel Calderón (b. 1982, Uruguay), and their specific articulation to the political. A politics of play, following Jacques Rancière’s “politics of aesthetics”, is being charted here, and it allows for the political perspective to exist as a critique of the present and as a desire for transformation, based on its own relation to the real, production of meaning and idea of the viewer. Between politics and play, two main directions can be drawn out within this corpus. Play first functions as a paradoxical means for a critique. It creates playful heteropias which distance themselves from the present to better outline the dystopic map of its flaws and failures. Subsequently or simultaneously, it complicates this first critical interpretation with formal and fictional experimentations which put forth creativity itself. Although the utopic impact of these experimentations varies according to the text and its author, they still participate in formulating the premise of a transformation to come. / ¿Qué relaciones podemos establecer entre juego y política? Supuestamente, muy pocas. Esta tesis quiere sin embargo cuestionar la aparente divergencia entre el modo lúdico y la perspectiva política cuando ella se encuentra con la obligación de repensar sus formas dentro de un contexto de sospecha general hacia la actividad política desde el final de los años ochenta. A través de un dialogo abierto entre la experiencia latinoamericana y los escenarios teatrales internacionales, este estudio observa como el modelo del juego participa en redefinir un teatro político para hoy en día. Por una parte, el juego permite entender las transformaciones experimentadas por el contexto teatral latinoamericano al final del siglo XX frente a las alteraciones de su modelo dominante de teatro político comprometido. Por otra parte, permite estudiar los textos de Fabio Rubiano (Colombia, 1963) Rafael Spregelburd (Argentina, 1970) y Gabriel Calderón (Uruguay, 1982), en su articulación especifica con lo político. Allí surge una política del juego, en los pasos de la reflexión sobre la “política de la estética” por Jacques Rancière, que dispone la perspectiva política, como crítica hacia el presente y deseos de transformación, desde una relación con lo real, una producción de sentido y una concepción del espectador que le son propios. Entre juego y política, dos dinámicas principales se desarrollan en los textos. Primero, el juego se presenta como una medio paradoxal para la crítica. Dispone heteropías lúdicas que se distinguen de la realidad para poder pintar de manera distópica las fallas y los mancamientos del presente. Después o simultáneamente, el juego desordena la interpretación critica inicial a través de exploraciones ficcionales y formales que subrayan la creatividad en sí misma. La dimensión utópica de estas experimentaciones va cambiando según los textos y los autores pero todas obran a constituir las premisas de unas transfiguraciones por venir.

This dissertation concerns itself with the period of the 1920's and 1930's in French intellectual history. Three prominent figures have been chosen from French culture of this period--Nobel Prize-winning author Roger Martin du Gard, cubist painter George Braque, and Christian existentialist Gabriel Marcel--to illustrate the thesis that this era witnessed a major breakdown in the "romantic style." This latter term is employed to describe the prevailing culture of the West dating from the eighteenth century. It is the view of this study that beyond the catastrophic wars and destruction that afflicted the West during this time, there was an underlying crisis taking place in this "romanticism" that caused as much, as was caused by, the events. Hence, the theme of this dissertation is cultural despair and illness. The subjects are used to portray this illness in the state it had reached by the 1920's and 1930's. It is concluded that basic inherent weaknesses that were latent to romanticism came to the surface in the twentieth century because that era was marked by a culmination of historical crises which exposed the hidden cultural one. The study deals with all the general tendencies of romanticism in a critical manner. The intention is to point out the dangers of some of these tendencies, and in what manner they were dealt with by the three subjects, whose approaches to romanticism were varied.

The overall objective of this study is to compile the ethnohistory and contemporary perspectives of selected historically connected Hispanic communities that were affected by the OST. The project can be divided into two parts: 1) a brief history of each community under study and its historic relationship to the OST, and 2) a description of contemporary community views of the trail. Of special interest will be any contemporary knowledge related to the role played by the trail (and/or events related to the trail’s history and use) that affected the history and perspective of each community. Also of interest will be any places or resources along the trail that have significant cultural meaning to the subject communities. The selected communities targeted by this project are intended to sample the range of ethnic, geographic, and historically-connected populations along the trail routes. These include Hispanic communities associated with the development of the trail, communities founded by emigrant populations known to have used sections of the trail as migration routes in the 19th century, communities that were established to support trail trade, and communities that were founded along the trail after its period of historic use. The following communities participated in this study: Abiquiú, New Mexico, Gallina, New Mexico, San Luis, Colorado, Agua Mansa, California, and San Gabriel, California.