The Orbifold Landau-Ginzburg Mirror Symmetry Conjecture states that for a quasihomogeneous singularity W and a group G of symmetries of W, there is a dual singularity WT and dual group GT such that the orbifold A-model of W/G is isomorphic to the orbifold B-model of WT/GT. The Landau-Ginzburg A-model is the Frobenius algebra HW,G constructed by Fan, Jarvis, and Ruan, and the B-model is the Orbifold Milnor ring of WT . The unorbifolded conjecture has been verified for Arnol'd's list of simple, unimodal and bimodal quasi-homogeneous singularities with G the maximal diagonal symmetry group by Priddis, Krawitz, Bergin, Acosta, et al. [9], and by Fan-Shen [4] and Acosta [1] for all two dimensional invertible singularities and by Krawitz for all invertible singularities of 3 dimensions and greater in [8]. Based on this Krawitz posed the Orbifold Landau-Ginzburg Mirror Symmetry Conjecture, where the A-model is still the Frobenius algebra HW,G constructed by Fan, Jarvis, and Ruan but constructed with respect to a proper subgroup G of the maximal group of symmetries GW and the B-model is the orbifold Milnor ring of WT orbifolded with respect to a non-trivial group K in SLn of order [GW :J]. I verify this Orbifold Landau-Ginzburg Mirror Symmetry Conjecture for all unimodal and bimodal quasi-homogeneous singularities in Arnol'd's list with G = J < GW, being the minimal admissible diagonal symmetry group. I also discuss some axioms and properties of these singularities.

O historiador italiano Carlo Ginzburg envolveu-se ao longo das décadas de 1980 e 90 nas discussões norte-americanas sobre o pós-modernismo, investindo contra o que ele chamava de tendências céticas dos defensores do pós-modernismo. Sua caracterização da tendência intelectual assimila o que ele chama de tendência lingüística ao uso da palavra retórica. Sua proposta para refutar as teses dessas tendências passa pela recuperação da Retórica de Aristóteles e do caráter judiciário da prova. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo expor e analisar sua proposta de uma retórica da prova, em contraposição a uma retórica literária e cética, conforme exposta no seu livro Relações de força: história, retórica, prova. Para isso, abordamos seus trabalhos anteriores; as possíveis motivações de sua análise da Retórica, assim como sua leitura do texto antigo; e, por fim, sua crítica ao pós-modernismo. / The historian Carlo Ginzburg was involved throughout the 1980s and 90 in the american discussion on postmodernism, arguing against the postmodern tendencies pointing to their skeptical relativism. Ginzburg associates the postmodern emphasis in linguistics to the use of the word rhetoric. His proposal intends to refute those skeptical tendencies by recovering the first book of Aristotles Rhetoric, where the greek philosopher defends a rhetorical proof based on argumentation and evidence instead of passion rousing. The present work tries to analyze the book where Ginzburgs reading of Aristotle appears, History, rhetoric, proof, and his attempt to create an evidentiary rhetoric. Our work takes account not only of the reading itself of the ancient text but also to the possibles contexts in which the reading can be placed.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-22T22:07:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 adalberto.pdf: 2643580 bytes, checksum: e1a556373c92d8f9719b0691629848d1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-08 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / The objective of this work is to present a proposal for a theoretical analysis of the theory of superconductivity together with an analysis of the Ginzburg-Landau equations in this context, in which the superconducting state is characterized by an order parameter, given by constructing a wave function Ψ (r, t) to describe the quantum behavior of particles and to show the knowledge of concept maps as a didactics tool. We will present the theoretical aspects of the phenomenon of superconductivity and its applications, and examples of conceptual maps including some models containing concepts of superconductivity. The specific objective is to use the maps as a conceptual study of physics theory in the academic, they are methodological tools to help in understanding the concepts with the interpretations, through hierarchical diagrams, shown in a conceptual framework. The research methods adopted are the development of the Ginzburg-Landau equations, the research that includes students enrolled in undergraduate courses in Physics, as individual basis and for last the implementation of a short course, with the participation of undergraduate and graduate students in physics and related areas, distributed in groups or individually to analyze the results. The survey instrument adopted for the last two methods, in order to obtain the scores for the students performance, will be a simple questionnaire, using pencil, black ballpoint pen and A4 paper, containing eleven questions in the first method and in the second method (short course) it will be ten conceptual questions (open or closed) about the concepts related to the topics provided by the instructor and finally it will be presented the analyzes of the results. / O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar uma proposta de análise teórica da teoria da supercondutividade conjuntamente com uma análise das equações de Ginzburg-Landau neste contexto, em que um estado do supercondutor é caracterizado por um parâmetro de ordem, dado pela construção de uma função de onda Ψ(r,t) para descrever o comportamento quântico das partículas e mostrar o conhecimento de mapas conceituais como ferramenta didática. Serão apresentados os aspectos teóricos do fenômeno da supercondutividade e suas aplicações, e exemplos de mapas conceituais incluindo alguns modelos contendo conceitos da Supercondutividade. O objetivo específico é o de utilizar os mapas conceituais como um estudo da teoria Física no âmbito acadêmico, porque são instrumentos metodológicos para ajudar na compreensão dos conceitos com as interpretações, através de diagramas hierárquicos, mostrados em uma estrutura conceitual. Os métodos da pesquisa adotados são os de desenvolvimento das equações de Ginzburg-Landau, os da investigação que contarão com discentes matriculados nos cursos de graduação em Física, de forma individual e por ultimo a aplicação de um minicurso, com a participação de graduandos e graduados em Física e áreas afins, distribuídos em grupos ou individual para análise dos resultados. O instrumento de pesquisa adotado para estes dois últimos métodos, fins de obter os escores referentes ao desempenho dos discentes, será um questionário simples, utilizando lápis, caneta esferográfica preta e papel A4 contendo, no primeiro método onze questões e no segundo método (minicurso) dez questões conceituais (abertas ou fechadas) sobre os conceitos relacionados aos temas fornecidos pelo instrutor e finalmente, serão apresentados as análises dos resultados.

O historiador italiano Carlo Ginzburg envolveu-se ao longo das décadas de 1980 e 90 nas discussões norte-americanas sobre o pós-modernismo, investindo contra o que ele chamava de tendências céticas dos defensores do pós-modernismo. Sua caracterização da tendência intelectual assimila o que ele chama de tendência lingüística ao uso da palavra retórica. Sua proposta para refutar as teses dessas tendências passa pela recuperação da Retórica de Aristóteles e do caráter judiciário da prova. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo expor e analisar sua proposta de uma retórica da prova, em contraposição a uma retórica literária e cética, conforme exposta no seu livro Relações de força: história, retórica, prova. Para isso, abordamos seus trabalhos anteriores; as possíveis motivações de sua análise da Retórica, assim como sua leitura do texto antigo; e, por fim, sua crítica ao pós-modernismo. / The historian Carlo Ginzburg was involved throughout the 1980s and 90 in the american discussion on postmodernism, arguing against the postmodern tendencies pointing to their skeptical relativism. Ginzburg associates the postmodern emphasis in linguistics to the use of the word rhetoric. His proposal intends to refute those skeptical tendencies by recovering the first book of Aristotles Rhetoric, where the greek philosopher defends a rhetorical proof based on argumentation and evidence instead of passion rousing. The present work tries to analyze the book where Ginzburgs reading of Aristotle appears, History, rhetoric, proof, and his attempt to create an evidentiary rhetoric. Our work takes account not only of the reading itself of the ancient text but also to the possibles contexts in which the reading can be placed.

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

In this thesis a comparison is being made between two different translations into Swedish of the Italian novel Lessico famigliare by Natalia Ginzburg from 1963. The first translation (Familjen) was published in 1981 and was made by Ingalisa Munck and the second (Familjelexikon) was made by Johanna Hedenberg and published in 2021. Due to the limited scope of the project, samples to be studied based on qualitative analysis have been chosen from the source text. The main focus has been on the strategies employed by the translators when it comes to culturespecific elements, how they have chosen to deal with dialects and idiolects in the novel, and how they have chosen to deal with foreign words in the text. Some other aspects have also been taken into account, such as rhythm and structure of the text for instance. One aim has been to see if it were possible to discern to what extent, on the basis of the chosen strategies, the translated texts could be considered as adapted to the receiving culture (strategy of acceptability) or as preserving the languageculture of the source text. However, great attention has also been directed towards other factors such as differences due to the time span between the two translations or the individuality of the translator.          The analysis has shown that both of the translators show tendencies to move between the above-described attitudes toward the original text, but that the translation by Munck from 1981 shows less adherence to the original text and a more open attitude to freer translation alternatives. The most obvious example of this is the total restructuring of portions of the source text, reconstruction of sentences and formation of new paragraphs. The translation by Hedenberg demonstrates a will to adhere the source text in all these respects, sometimes also replicating its musicality, rhythm and alliterations. However, as shown by the comparison between individual examples, elements of the two attitudes can be found in both translations. It is not possible to reach a full conclusion based on a qualitative analysis.           Furthermore, the rendition of foreign words suggests that the translators have been working with different types of model readers in mind: Munck with a reader that values the mixing of languages in the novel and the rendering of the bourgeoise Italian culture of the Levi family (and/or with a greater comprehension of French) and Hedenberg with a reader with a greater interest in understanding the text without being disturbed by elements of French in the dialogue – and/or with a lesser knowledge of the French language.          Based primarily on the treatment the word “negro”, observations were made about the ageing of translations and the taboos they can reveal in a specific culture.

Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2011. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Two problems in the field of materials-based condensed matter physics, specifically in the field of superconductivity, are studied theoretically. In both problems, where each is of current exper- imental interest, an extension of Ginzburg-Landau theory is used to describe a physical system, with focus on the energy associated to the interface(s) occurring in the respective systems. The first physical system under consideration is that of a two-band superconductor. Using Ginzburg-Landau theory for two-band superconductors, the interface energy ¾s between normal and superconducting states coexisting at the thermodynamic critical magnetic field is determined. From the theoretical and numerical analysis of the interface energy, it is found that close to the transition temperature, where the Ginzburg-Landau theory is applicable, the two-band problem maps onto an effective single band problem. This finding puts into question the possibility of intermediate, so called type-1.5 superconductivity, in the regime where the Ginzburg-Landau theory applies. The second physical system is that of a system with competing superconductivity and anti- ferromagnetism. From Ginzburg-Landau theory for such competing systems in a thermodynamic critical magnetic field, it is shown that two possible interfaces can occur: an interface between a pure anti-ferromagnetic state and a pure superconducting state; and an interface between a state with coexisting superconductivity and anti-ferromagnetism and a pure anti-ferromagnetic state. The energy associated to both these interfaces is analysed theoretically and numerically from which the boundary between type-I and type-II superconductivity is obtained for certain specific cases. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Twee probleme in die veld van materiaal-gebaseerde gekondenseerde materie fisika, spesifiek in die veld van supergeleiding, word teoreties bestudeer. In beide probleme, albei tans van eksper- imentele belang, word ’n fisiese sisteem beskryf deur ’n uitbreiding van enkel-band Ginzburg- Landau teorie, met fokus op die energie geassosieer met die koppelvlak(ke) wat in die onderskeie sisteme aangetref word. Die eerste fisiese sisteem wat beskou word is die van ’n twee-band supergeleier. Deur van Ginzburg-Landau teorie vir twee-band supergeleiers gebruik te maak, word die koppelvlak energie ¾s tussen die gelyktydig bestaande normaal- en supergeleidende toestand in die termodinamiese kritieke magneetveld bepaal. Deur beide teoretiese en numeriese analieses word bepaal dat na aan die oorgangstemperatuur, waar Ginzburg-Landau teorie geldig is, die twee-band probleem op ’n effektiewe een-band probleem afbeeld. Hierdie bevinding bevraagteken dus die moontlikheid van onkonvensionele, of sogenaamde tipe-1.5 supergeleiding, vir gevalle waar Ginzburg-Landau teorie geldig is. Die tweede fisiese siteem wat beskou word is ’n sisteem met kompeterende supergeleiding en anti-ferromagnetisme. Met behulp van Ginzburg-Landau teorie vir sulke sisteme in ’n termod- inamiese kritiese magneetveld word gewys dat daar twee moontlike koppelvlakke kan ontstaan: ’n koppelvlak tussen ’n uitsluitlik anti-ferromagnetiese toestand en ’n uitsluitlik supergeleidende toestand; sowel as ’n koppelvlak tussen ’n uitsluitlik anti-ferromagnetiese toestand en ’n toes- tand van beide supergeleiding en anti-ferromagnetisme. Die energie geassosieer met beide hierdie koppelvlakke word teoreties en numeries geanaliseer wat lei tot ’n beskrywing van die grenslyn tussen tipe-I en tipe-II supergeleiding in sekere spesifieke gevalle.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / In recent years, several experiments have been reported in which interface superconductivity was observed in heterostructures of different materials, inclunding non-superconductors. The origin of this superconductivity has not yet been elucidated and there is no well-established theory to explain this phenomenon. In 2015 a model based on the Ginzburg-Landau theory was proposed that would explain the interface superconductivity phenomenon assuming a system with two order parameters. It has been proposed that the order parameter characterizing the bulk material with a defective or doped layer permits the formation of a second parameter which competes with the former and prevails over it in the vicinity of the interface. The superconductivity at the interface is then explained by the growth of this second order parameter only in this region, remaining still ``hidden" inside the bulk. The model was applied to a one-dimensional system with an interface, which presented a surprising result: the ``hidden" superconductivity appers in quantized critical temperatures, this allowing the existence of several eigenstates of the system, with different critical temperatures. In this dissertation, we use this model and investigate the unfolding of hidden superconductivity and its quantized temperatures. We observe that the interfaces resemble one-dimensional quantum wells, with the critical temperature playing the role of the energy in the quantum case. Following this idea we use numerical methods to solve the Ginzburg-Landau equations for a system with an arbitrary number of parallel interfaces. Our results show that in this case, the critical temperatures are quantized and degenerate when the interfaces are very separated, but it has its degeneracy broken when we approach the interfaces, as it happens in a lattice of square wells. We then proposed a tight-binding model to estimate critical temperatures on parallel interfaces and verified the validity of this approximation through the numerical solution of the complete problem. We also analyze the vortex states for a square two-dimensional defect, verifying the possibility of creating or destroying vortices in the region of `` hidden" superconductivity through an external magnetic field. / Nos Ãltimos anos foram reportados diversos experimentos em que a supercondutividade de interface foi observada em heteroestruturas de diferentes materiais, inclusive em nÃo-supercondutores extit{a priori}. A origem dessa supercondutividade ainda nÃo foi elucidada e nÃo existe uma teoria bem estabelecida para explicar esse fenÃmeno. Em 2015 foi proposto um modelo com base na teoria de Ginzburg-Landau que explicaria o fenÃmeno de supercondutividade de interface assumindo um sistema com dois parÃmetros de ordem. Foi proposto que o parÃmetro de ordem que caracteriza o material extit{bulk} com uma camada defeituosa, ou dopada, permite a formaÃÃo de um segundo parÃmetro que compete com o primeiro e prevalece sobre ele nas proximidades da interface. A supercondutividade na interface à entÃo explicada pelo crescimento deste segundo parÃmetro de ordem apenas nesta regiÃo, permancecendo ainda ``escondido" dentro do extit{bulk}. O modelo foi aplicado para um sistema unidimensional com uma interface, apresentando um resultado surpreendente: a supercondutividade escondida aparece em temperaturas crÃticas quantizadas, podendo entÃo existir vÃrios autoestados do sistema, com diferentes temperaturas crÃticas. Nessa dissertaÃÃo utilizamos esse modelo e investigamos os desdobramentos da supercondutividade escondida e suas temperaturas quantizadas. Percebemos que as interfaces assemelham-se com poÃos quÃnticos unidimensionais, com a temperatura crÃtica fazendo o anÃlogo ao da energia no caso quÃntico. Seguindo essa ideia utilizamos mÃtodos numÃricos para resolver as equaÃÃes de Ginzburg-Landau para um sistema com um nÃmero arbitrÃrio de interface paralelas. Nossos resultados mostram que neste caso, as temperaturas crÃticas, alÃm de quantizadas, sÃo degeneradas quando as interfaces estÃo muito separadas, mas tem essa degenerescÃncia quebrada quando aproximamos as interfaces, como ocorre em uma rede de poÃos quadrados. Propusemos entÃo um modelo tipo extit{tight-binding} para estimar temperaturas crÃticas em interfaces paralelas e verificamos a validade dessa aproximaÃÃo atravÃs da soluÃÃo numÃrica do problema completo. Analisamos tambÃm os estados de vÃrtices para um defeito bidimensional quadrado, verificando a possibilidade de se criar ou destruir vÃrtices na regiÃo de supercondutividade escondida atravÃs de um campo magnÃtico externo.

Universiẗat, Diss., 2000--Konstanz.