Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:53:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTACAO JOSIMAR.pdf: 2338557 bytes, checksum: 556a2c8d52ccc7f020edeb89444659f1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-16 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / Este estudo analisa os efeitos da intervenção governamental de duas décadas (1990 a 2010) na Reserva Extrativista do Alto Juruá, cuja abordagem baseia-se no desenvolvimento regional para melhor informar a atuação governamental e as condições de sobrevivência das famílias. Ou seja, para entender sistematicamente as relações entre a instituição governamental e a percepção das pessoas da Reserva, priorizou, sobretudo, o grupo social elemento que testou migração, saúde, condições de uso da REAJ, ações do ICMBIO, organização comunitária e formas inadequadas de uso entre moradores; o econômico grupo que apresentou o perfil de créditos e programas efetivados nas comunidades e a produção e seu faturamento em salários mensal; o cultural instrumento do qual forneceu informações a respeito da escolaridade e avaliação da educação entre as comunidades estudadas; o ambiental descrição dos impactos sofridos por pressão humana e preservação, tais como desflorestamento, queimadas, caça e pesca inadequada, entre outros problemas. Em busca de compreender o cenário interno da Reserva utilizou-se a matriz de SWOT (FOFA) para perceber as forças e fraquezas, e externas - as oportunidades e ameaças. Nesse sentido, o aparato metodológico orientou-se por uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, efetivando-se, portanto, em quatorze das oitenta e uma comunidades registradas. Somando-se a isso, o método dialético além de confrontar os sistemas em sua essência, mediou seu funcionamento a partir a realidade local. De modo geral, a estratégia de relacionar os grupos em destaque a luz de desenvolvimento regional e preservação, certamente culminou no alcance dos objetivos da dissertação, sobretudo a partir do entendimento que se trata de um tema interdisciplinar e complexo quando apresentado seus resultados. Quanto aos efeitos da intervenção governamental, pode-se dizer que em contraponto com as diretrizes, normas e regulamentos que estabelecem o plano de utilização, o estudo revelou que a REAJ não atende os objetivos estratégicos de preservação ambiental e de uso sustentável. A pesquisa apresentou, também, que a formulação de políticas de desenvolvimento deve considerar não só a preservação, mas as comunidades tradicionais pelo compromisso de resguardar os estoques de capital natural, a prestação de serviços ambientais para a Amazônia e a humanidade.

Thesis (MPA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2016 / This study sought to investigate governmental intervention in maintaining the victim empowerment centres of the Bohlabela Municipality in Mpumalanga. The issue is contemporary and as a social worker the author can confirm that this scourge still affects our society today and understanding government interventions is useful in terms of ensuring that they work as effectively as possible to assist citizens in the discharge of their mandate. The study uses a qualitative approach. Data collection was through interviews and a questionnaire which had open-ended questions. This research design had been chosen because it has allowed to give solid descriptions and narratives to come out from the real life experiences of social workers and victims of domestic violence as well as the challenges associated with the implementation of the victim empowerment programme. To that end, a phenomenological paradigm was adopted to achieve that ambition. The findings of the study indicate that there are acute challenges which the three centres face and these include a lack of funding, poor structure and poor marketing. The recommendations provided are intended to contribute to the centres’ viability and provide effective services in the communities in which they operate. To that end, there is a need for the government to deploy more resources such as funds, infrastructure, equipment and permanent staff as well as the establishment of permanent structures at these centres to ensure their effectiveness. Additionally, the study found that there is a need for intensive and extensive publicity and marketing of the Victim Empowerment Programmes and Victim Empowerment Centres to increase their visibility and ultimately accessibility. The study found that the centres should ideally be managed by an administrator with clinical staff, a nurse and a police officer and/or a member from the judiciary and the centres should be attached to either hospitals or police stations working at extended hours.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T10:46:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PERICLES BUENO NETO.pdf: 851501 bytes, checksum: 77508dd1e45a9be201c1704a651deada (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-11-21 / The theme of this piece of paper is the Statal Interference in the Holding Properties of Water Resources. At first, it s necessary the delimitation and approach of property right s evolution. Aftwards a synthesis will be make of the historical development on the Statal rights, especiallyin Constitutions drawing a parallel between them. After had it done, standards of others countries like Argentina and Chile will be analyze to demonstrate the tendence that this block has on the study in vogue. Concluded this, will specifically get in to enviromental contours shouing the great concern with he issue of development and it s interference in the enviroment. Will be considere the positive law in force throught the standards and utilization of natural resoucers that establishes rules for its management. Analyzing the problem of water scarcity national and internationally speaking, will be directly study the restrictions to the water resource owners, Permanent Preservation Areas and Legal Reserves, among others. To conclue this essay some topics will be argue like: Human action, climate s change, the greenhouse effect and the global warming, and the Kyoto Protocol mechanisms and its critical points. / Este trabalho tem como tema a Interferência Estatal nas Propriedades Detentoras de Recursos Hídricos. A princípio, faz necessárias a delimitação e abordagem à evolução do direito de propriedade. Posteriormente, será feita uma síntese do desenvolvimento histórico no direito pátrio, em especial nas Constituições, fazendo um paralelo entre as mesmas. Feito isso, serão analisadas normas de outras nações, como a Argentina e o Chile, demonstrando a tendência que este bloco tem em relação ao estudo em voga. Concluída esta fase, adentrar-se-á especificamente aos contornos ambientais, demonstrando a grande preocupação, com a problemática do desenvolvimento, e sua interferência ao Meio Ambiente. Será analisado o direito positivo vigente, através de suas normas e a utilização dos recursos naturais que estabelece regras para o seu manuseio. Ao fazer uma análise do problema da escassez da água em âmbito nacional e internacional, serão diretamente estudadas as restrições aos bens detentores de recursos hídricos, as Áreas de Preservação Permanente e a Reserva Legal, dentre outras. Serão abordados alguns tópicos correlatos que finalizam o entendimento da matéria como: a ação humana interferindo nas mudanças climáticas, o Efeito Estufa e o aquecimento Global, além de analisarmos o Protocolo de Quioto, seus mecanismos e seus pontos críticos.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:25:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao lucas bevilacqua.pdf: 592964 bytes, checksum: eb730f250b3914853a73a84edaa2b770 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-08 / Throughout the agricultural history of Brazil-colony to nowadays, the State is an agent of the Spotlight: in the definition of regulatory frameworks, encouraging private initiative, or even as a direct economic agent. Since this the present work intends to make a brief historical summary of state intervention in agriculture activity, with the prospect of detail in the marcha para o oeste, in order to understand the evolution of Brazilian agrarian policy with emphasis on taxation. Considering the modalities of state intervention in the economic order there shall be a topical analysis of tax incentives as an instrument of agrarian policy, taxes imposed on us: the rural property (ITR), the income of rural activity (IRPF and IRPJ) and agricultural products (ICMS) in an internationalized setting. Considering the demands of the agricultural sector (tax cuts, simplification of the system and eliminating distortions of competition) its urgent to adopt an effective agricultural policy in compliance with the standards of public finances and the guidelines of the Multilateral System Trade and MERCOSUR. / Ao longo da história agrária do Brasil-colônia aos dias atuais, o Estado apresentouse, senão como protagonista, como agente de destaque: seja na definição de marcos regulatórios, seja no fomento à iniciativa privada, ou até, como agente econômico direto. A partir disso, pretende-se com o presente trabalho realizar um breve escorço histórico da intervenção do Estado na atividade agrária, com perspectiva de detalhe na marcha para o oeste, a fim de permitir uma compreensão da evolução da política agrária brasileira, com destaque, para tributação. Considerando as modalidades de intervenção do Estado na ordem econômica, fazse uma análise tópica dos incentivos fiscais, como instrumento de política de desenvolvimento agrário, nos impostos incidentes sobre: o imóvel rural (ITR), a renda da atividade rural (IRPF e IRPJ) e os produtos agrícolas (ICMS), em um cenário de globalização. Considerando os reclamos do setor agropecuário (desoneração tributária, simplificação do sistema e eliminação das distorções de competitividade), urge implementar-se uma política agrária efetiva observando-se as normas de finanças públicas e as diretrizes do Sistema Multilateral do Comércio (SMC) e do direito comunitário (MERCOSUL).

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This paper aims to find an optimal regulatory system for banking industry. In its first part, it analyzes main sources of banking crises throughout 20th and 21st century. In the second part, it proposes a regulatory system and its tools. Analysis is based on understanding of incentives of market participants, regulators and their interactions. Regulatory tools are assessed in terms of efficiency, i.e. examining their consequences for the economy. This paper is based on an idea that despite unquestionable flaws, market mechanism is the best tool to organize an economy and its industries.

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從實務面來看，總額支付制度（global budget）的施行絕非僅止於管制成本的手段，還必須觀照該管理的制度設計。畢竟制度不但能夠彙集各種資源，同時也成為資源使用的指標，影響行動者間的策略選項。另外，針對政策實施後的監控與評估檢討，也是修正制度與提升品質的反饋歷程。然而，學界與實務界在總額支付制度設計原則的研究卻十分有限，究其原因，重要的是主要集中於制度在實際的應用與效果，缺乏以一套適用的「方法」（methodology）來審視。誠如Elinor Ostrom所言，「政策分析家的工具箱有各式各樣的工具，但還缺乏一種具體明確的集體行動理論。」，共有資源管理的例子到處都有，但是分析家卻沒有很好的在理論上總結他們。他藉由制度分析與經驗實例，衍生出來的「制度設計原則」（Design principles），研究各種共有資源管理的問題：從不同類型的資源系統如灌溉系統、捕魚等自然資源或網路資源、財政預算等、到公共財制度研究等，都已經獲得豐碩的成果。本文的主要目標，就是在既有的理論基礎上，討論應用制度設計原則來進行「總額預算評估」的可能內容，並提出政策建議與後續研究的可能內容提出建議。 本文主要分為：（一）導論（二）文獻回顧與理論基礎（三）研究設計（四）中醫總額支付制度的演變（伍）中醫總額的自主管理（六）結論。希冀對學界或實務界在健保改革評估未來的發展，能有所啟發與助益。 / From the practice, global budget is not just the means to control cost, must also take the design of management into consideration. The institution not only can gather various kinds of resources, but also become the indexes, and influence the tactics among the persons who take action to select. Since a global budget married to fee-for-service payments directly analogous to a common-pool resources, we use a framework of design principles to explore the difference of outcomes of management, and to discuss the policy implications about institutional design and financial Incentives. Sincere as what Elinor Ostrom said, ' the policy analyst's box has many kinds of tools , but still lack a kind of concrete and clear collective action theory. ', example there are resource management in common everywhere, but it is the getting better to summarize they in theory. In addition, the “self-governing institutions” designed by each local medical association must be flexibly adapted to the context in which it is applied. To foster the cooperation among physicians, the medical associations of local level should also play the role to provide the institutional setting for collective participatory decision making. The medical associations of national level ought to change the financial incentives facing the physicians to induce the rational patterns of medical behavior so that the allocate efficiency of medical resource and effectiveness of global- budget management can be improved.

Nos sociétés actuelles sont fortement exposées aux risques de catastrophes qu’ils soient d’origine naturelle ou humaine. Le problème des risques majeurs évolue dans le temps, les facteurs favorisant cette évolution sont nombreux : ils peuvent être d’ordre environnemental, technologique, démographique ou socio-économique.La vulnérabilité des pays en voie de développement aux risques de catastrophes est beaucoup plus importante. Cette situation s’explique par plusieurs facteurs dont notamment la qualité de l’infrastructure susceptible d’être touchée, l’absence d’une cartographie de risques qui a pour conséquence directe la construction dans des zones fortement exposées aux catastrophes, l’absence de mesures de prévention, l’absence de politique de financement et de reconstruction des catastrophes. Ceci-dit une conscience est entrain de se développer dans ces régions. Le Maroc figure parmi les pays qui sont très vulnérables aux risques majeurs et c’est pour cela que le gouvernement marocain, avec le concours de la Banque Mondiale et de la coopération Suisse, a décidé de mettre en place une stratégie nationale de gestion intégrée des catastrophes qui comprend un volet indemnisation post-catastrophes inspiré du « régime Cat Nat » français. En effet les assureurs marocains se verront obliger de couvrir les risques catastrophiques par des garanties obligatoires adossées à certains contrats d’assurance.Ce travail propose ainsi d’analyser d’un point de vue opérationnel les différents aspects juridiques de la gestion des risques majeurs : la prévention et le financement des catastrophes. / Our societies are becoming increasingly exposed to the risks of natural or human disasters. Major risks change over time, the factors affecting these changes are diverse and can be environmental, technological, demographic or socio-economic. The vulnerability of developing countries to catastrophic risk is much higher than that of developed nations. This can be explained by several factors, including the quality of infrastructure likely to be affected, the lack of a risk mapping that has the direct consequence of construction in areas highly exposed to disasters, the absence of preventive measures, and the lack of funding and reconstruction policies. That being said, there is growing awareness around these areas.Morocco is among the countries that are highly vulnerable to major risks and that is why the Moroccan government, with the assistance of the World Bank and the Swiss Cooperation has decided to implement a national strategy for integrated management of disasters which includes a post-disaster compensation component based on the French "Cat Nat Plan". Therefore, Moroccan insurers will be required to cover catastrophic risks through mandatory coverage backed by certain insurance contracts.This work proposes to analyze from an operational point of view the various legal aspects of major risks management: prevention and disaster funding.