<p>Предмет ове докторске дисертације је едукациони туризам у гравитационој зони Новог Сада, сагледавање стања и могућности развоја. Циљ тезе је истраживање едукационог туризма и обезбеђивање научних сазнања о стању едукационог туризма на основу којих се могу предузимати одређене друштвене мере у области даљег развоја овог вида туризма. У току израде тезе извршена су обимна истраживања пре свега на Универзитету у Новом Саду, као најзначајнијем субјекту едукационог туризма, затим у установама културе Новог Сада и Сремских Карловаца, туристичким организацијама и другим асоцијацијама и удружењеима, државним органима и другим субјектима едукационог туризма, којима су потврђене постављене хипотезе. Сматра се да су резултати истраживања потврдили постављену основну хипотезу да је едукациони туризам у Новом Саду и његовој гравитационој зони недовољно развијен с обзиром на могућности. Истакнута је посебно важна улога Универзитета у Новом Саду, као најзначајнијег субјекта едукационог туризма, који својим квалитетним атрибутима може значајно допринети даљем развоју едукационог туризма на посматраној дестинацији. Део гравитационе зоне Новог Сада, а посебно Сремски Карловци са подунавским делом Фрушке горе представљају значајну основу за развој одређених облика едукационог туризма, као што су едукативно-образовни кампови, а кроз форму неформалног образовања пре свега школске и студентске популације. У раду су дати теоријски и бројни истраживачки аргументи, који потврђују изнете ставове аутора.</p> / <p>Predmet ove doktorske disertacije je edukacioni turizam u gravitacionoj zoni Novog Sada, sagledavanje stanja i mogućnosti razvoja. Cilj teze je istraživanje edukacionog turizma i obezbeđivanje naučnih saznanja o stanju edukacionog turizma na osnovu kojih se mogu preduzimati određene društvene mere u oblasti daljeg razvoja ovog vida turizma. U toku izrade teze izvršena su obimna istraživanja pre svega na Univerzitetu u Novom Sadu, kao najznačajnijem subjektu edukacionog turizma, zatim u ustanovama kulture Novog Sada i Sremskih Karlovaca, turističkim organizacijama i drugim asocijacijama i udruženjeima, državnim organima i drugim subjektima edukacionog turizma, kojima su potvrđene postavljene hipoteze. Smatra se da su rezultati istraživanja potvrdili postavljenu osnovnu hipotezu da je edukacioni turizam u Novom Sadu i njegovoj gravitacionoj zoni nedovoljno razvijen s obzirom na mogućnosti. Istaknuta je posebno važna uloga Univerziteta u Novom Sadu, kao najznačajnijeg subjekta edukacionog turizma, koji svojim kvalitetnim atributima može značajno doprineti daljem razvoju edukacionog turizma na posmatranoj destinaciji. Deo gravitacione zone Novog Sada, a posebno Sremski Karlovci sa podunavskim delom Fruške gore predstavljaju značajnu osnovu za razvoj određenih oblika edukacionog turizma, kao što su edukativno-obrazovni kampovi, a kroz formu neformalnog obrazovanja pre svega školske i studentske populacije. U radu su dati teorijski i brojni istraživački argumenti, koji potvrđuju iznete stavove autora.</p> / <p>The researched area of this thesis is educational tourism in gravitation area of Novi Sad, it&rsquo;s current situation and development possibilities. Objective of the thesis is providing scientific facts about current situation in educational tourism that can serve as a data base for actions benefiting further development of this form of tourism. Extensive research has been conducted at University of Novi Sad as the most important factor in educational tourism, as well as at cultural institutions in Novi Sad and Sremski Karlovci. Also, research has been done at number of tourist organizations, associations, government bodies and non governmental organizations who are regarded as key factors in educational tourism, in order to confirm hypothesis. Results of research confirmed the hypothesis that educational tourism in Novi Sad and it&rsquo;s gravitational area is underdeveloped, bearing in mind it&rsquo;s potential. The key role of University of Novi Sad as development factor has been determined. With it&rsquo;s quality attributes it can contribute significantly to educational tourism development at the given destination. Sremski Karlovci and riparian area of the Danube as part of Novi Sad gravitation area, represent significant base for developing certain forms of educational tourism, such as educational camps as a forn of informal education for student population. In the thesis number of theoretical and empirical facts are presented that confirm the hypothesis.</p>

Diploma thesis is aimed on description of wastewater treatment plant with gravitational inflow. Focus is on WWTP in the Czech Republic, particularly in the South Moravia region - in this aspect the thesis presents relevant statistics like the number of WWTP per region and the total, capacity of WWTP per region and their substance load on inflow /outflow. The recherche is also limited according to the core subject of theoretical part, which is technology of small WWTP in the category up to 2000 equivalent habitants. The experimental part presents comparsion of particular wastewater treatment plant of this category in the South Moravia region: one with gravitational inflow and one with inflow pump station. The examined wastewater treatment plant are compared according to substance load, hydraulic load and technology. Thesis is concluded with a review of the different operation parameters of the both types of WWTP.

L'existence de la masse négative a un sens parfaitement physique du moment que les conditions d'énergie dominante sont satisfaites par le tenseur énergie-impulsion correspondant. Jusqu'à maintenant, seules des configurations de masses négatives avaient été trouvées. On démontre l'existence de bulles de masse négative stables dans un espace-temps qui s'approche asymptotiquement d'un espace-temps de de Sitter. Les bulles sont des solutions aux équations d'Einstein qui correspondent à une région intérieure qui contient une distribution de masse spécifique séparée par une coquille mince de l'espace-temps à masse négative de Schwarzschild-de Sitter à l'extérieur. Ensuite, on applique les conditions de jonction d'Israel à la frontière de la bulle ce qui impose la conservation d'énergie-impulsion à travers la surface. Les conditions de jonction donnent une équation pour un potentiel pour le rayon de la bulle qui dépend de la distribution de masse à l'intérieur, ou vice versa. Finalement, on trouve un potentiel qui aboutit à une solution stable, statique et non-singulière, ce qui crée une distribution de masse interne qui satisfait les conditions d'énergie dominante partout à l'intérieur. Cependant, la bulle ne satisfait pas ces conditions. De plus, on trouve une solution stable, statique et non-singulière pour une géométrie interne de de Sitter pure. La solution est fondamentalement différente: elle requiert que la densité d'énergie de la bulle change avec le rayon. La condition d'énergie dominante est satisfaite partout. / Negative mass makes perfect physical sense as long as the dominant energy condition is satisfied by the corresponding energy-momentum tensor. Until now, only configurations of negative mass have been found. We demonstrate the existence of stable, negative-mass bubbles in an asymptotic de Sitter space-time. The bubbles are solutions of the Einstein equations which correspond to an interior region of space-time containing a specific distribution of mass separated by a thin wall from the exact, negative mass Schwarzschild-de Sitter space-time in the exterior. Then, we apply the Israel junction conditions at the wall which impose the conservation of energy and momentum across the wall. The junction conditions give rise to an effective potential for the radius of the wall that depends on the interior mass distribution, or vice versa. Finally, we find a potential that gives rise to stable, non-singular, static solutions, which yields an interior mass distribution that everywhere satisfies the dominant energy condition. However, the energy momentum of the wall does not satisfy the dominant energy condition. Moreover, we find a stable, non-singular, static solution for a pure de Sitter geometry inside the bubble. The solution is fundamentally different: the energy density of the bubble is no longer a constant, but now varies with the radius. The dominant energy condition is everywhere satisfied.

The project has been implemented as teacher driven action research, where subject-specific reading was studied in classroom practitioners and analyzed by using Legitimation Code Theory (LCT). The purpose was, partly to research which linguistic domains the teachers used in the part detailed reading in Reading to Learn (R2L) and how the discursive movement looked, and partly if progression could be seen during a school year and in that case, how it affected the educators’ teaching.    Participating in the study were four teachers working in a Swedish gymnasium: a chemistry teacher and a teacher of social studies, who were working in academic preparatory programs and a teacher in Swedish as a second language and a teacher in history in one of the introductory programs. The leader of the project and author of this study is also a teacher and colleague to the participants. Totally, twelve observations of detailed reading were implemented: three observations each teacher during one academic year.    The most prominent characteristic of the project was how the teachers, by becoming aware of the linguistic domains, changed their way of using detailed reading and by using the discursive movement, they were able to make semantic waves. The experience of the teachers was that through the action research they received new tools to develop their subject-specific reading and therefore the students’ language and knowledge increased which contributed to a higher object achievement. Notable was that all students seemed to benefit from detailed reading, even the high performing and/or the students with Swedish as their native language.    The result of this study may be relevant to studies on how to augment classroom practices to better implement the subject-specific reading which may lead to change for both teachers and students, regardless of students’ language and knowledge level, stage, or subject.

No description available.

The problem of how quantum mechanics gives rise to classicality has been debated for more than a century. A commonly proposed solution is decoherence, i.e. the gradual decay of superpositions in open quantum systems due to their inevitable interaction with their environment. However, the ability of decoherence to account for all aspects of the classical world is often questioned. A recently proposed model suggests that decoherence can occur even in isolated composite systems subject to gravitational time dilation, something which has sparked a debate. In this thesis we attempt to identify the precise role of decoherence in the quantum-to-classical transition (QTCT) and then use the result to analyze the validity of the newly proposed time dilation-induced decoherence mechanism. We find that the problem of the QTCT can be divided into two parts and that decoherence solves the first of these whereas the second is unsolvable without fundamental modifications to quantum theory. Moreover, we argue that the effect is fundamentally frame-dependent and we find a general formula for the rate of decoherence of macroscopic superpositions in the case where both the system and observer use Rindler coordinates. The result suggests that the frame-dependence may be utilized to increase the strength of the effect in experimental settings. Finally, the possibilities of experimental verification are discussed and we argue that recent advances in quantum measurement techniques in gravitational-wave observatories may enable tests of gravitational decoherence in the near future, finally providing an empirical glimpse into the resolution of one of the most critical debates in all of physics. / Huruvida kvantfysiken kan ge uppkomst till den klassiska fysiken på stora skalor är ett problem som diskuterats under mer än ett århundrade. En föreslagen lösning är dekoherens, alltså det gradvisa sönderfallet av superpositioner i öppna kvantsystem på grund av den oundvikliga interaktionen med deras omgivning. Dekoherensens förmåga att förklara alla delar av den klassiska världen ifrågasätts emellertid fortfarande. De senaste åren har en ny effekt uppmärksammats som tyder på att dekoherens även kan uppstå i isolerade kompositsystem under påverkan av gravitationell tidsdilatation, något som orsakat en debatt i litteraturen. I detta arbete försöker vi identifiera dekoherensens roll i övergången från det kvantmekaniska till det klassiska, och vi använder sedan resultatet för att analysera den ovannämnda gravitationella dekoherensmekanismen. Det allmänna problemet med övergången från kvantfysik till klassisk fysik delas upp i två delar, och vi visar att dekoherens löser den första delen; den andra delen visar sig vara olösbar utan fundamentala förändringar av kvantfysikens ramverk. Vidare visas den gravitationella dekoherenseffekten vara observatörsberoende och vi härleder en allmän formel för takten med vilken makroskopiska superpositioner sönderfaller i de fall då både systemet och observatören använder Rindlerkoordinater. Resultaten tyder på att observatörsberoendet eventuellt kan utnyttjas för att öka effektens styrka i experimentalla sammanhang. Slutligen diskuteras möjligheter att experimentellt verifiera effekten; vi argumenterar för att nya genombrott inom kvantmätteknik i gravitationsvågsobservatorium kan möjliggöra tester av gravitationell dekoherens inom en snar framtid, vilket skulle ge oss en första empirisk inblick i lösningen till en av fysikens mest kritiska debatter.