Este trabalho apresenta o quadro da época da chegada dos portugueses no Japão e da sua ação por quase um século em terras nipônicas. A Europa dos séculos XV e XVI era o centro da civilização ocidental, e os portugueses, espanhóis e italianos ocupavam a posição de destaque de controladores e donos do comércio com o oriente médio e a China, via Mar Mediterrâneo e por terra. Os portugueses e os espanhóis, grandes navegadores, ao se aventurarem pelo mar, foram descobrindo e conquistando novas terras e obtendo com isso grandes vantagens de comércio e de divisas. Por outro lado, o Japão, arquipélago isolado e imerso em guerras civis, com muitos conflitos, não tinha a integração de suas unidades, e o desfecho da unificação dos reinos acabou ocorrendo com a ação dos grandes senhores suseranos, os daimyō Oda Nobunaga e Toyotomi Hideyoshi. Os primeiros portugueses - mercadores e missionários - que aportaram no Japão nessa época, por muitos chamada de \"Grandes Navegações\", encontraram o Japão sob o domínio de Nobunaga e Hideyoshi. O primeiro era receptivo, tolerante e pragmático, não se envolvia com a crença, mas servia-se da religião como instrumento para auferir resultados vantajosos desta relação com os portugueses. À primeira vista, o catolicismo foi bem aceito pelas autoridades, por sacerdotes xintoístas e budistas e, consequentemente, também pela comunidade em geral, pois os preceitos do budismo eram julgados coerentes com os \"Dez Mandamentos\" pregados pela Igreja cristã. Posteriormente, com o passar do tempo, os monges budistas e xintoístas sentiram seu espaço ameaçado pela expansão do catolicismo e muitos atritos ocorreram envolvendo adeptos das facções religiosas. As autoridades, sentindo a inconveniência das ações dos católicos e ajudadas pela interferência dos holandeses - que haviam ganho a simpatia dos japoneses -, conseguiram tirar os comerciantes portugueses do caminho, assegurando a exclusividade do comércio juntamente com os chineses, alegando que os ibéricos estariam tramando a tomada do país por meio da disseminação da religião católica. Com isso o governo japonês vetou qualquer atividade religiosa católica no país, promovendo a expulsão de todos os portugueses, espanhóis e italianos, envolvidos ou não com a religião. Apesar de a estada dos portugueses ter sido limitada a 96 anos, este trabalho ressalta o mérito das ações realizadas pelos mercadores e pelos missionários que deixaram um legado importante para os japoneses de então, bem como para as gerações seguintes, servindo de base para outras contribuições que viriam dos holandeses e chineses, que ocuparam o espaço dos retirantes latinos. De todas as contribuições efetuadas pelos portugueses e que influenciaram a cultura japonesa, a que mais impactou na política e na sociedade japonesa foi realmente a introdução das armas de fogo, as espingardas, cujo desdobramento deu outro rumo para a história do Japão. / This thesis presents a state when Portuguese arrived in Japan, and their actions for almost a century in Japanese land. At that time, Europe was the center of occidental civilization and Portuguese, Spanish and Italians were leaders as market controllers and masters of Middle East and China zones, by Mediterranean Ocean and by land. Portuguese and Spanish, great navigators explored the oceans, discovering and conquering new lands obtaining huge benefits in trade and money. At the other hand, Japan, an isolated archipelago and under civil wars with many conflicts, with no integration of their unities, the unification only were be able to be achieved by actions of great lords as Oda Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi. When the first Portuguese, merchants and missionaries, ashored Japan, the country was under Nobunaga and Hideyoshi domain, the first one, who welcomed them but not concerning with religion affairs, only shown interests in beneficial gains relating with them. In a first moment, the catholicism was accepted by Government officials and shinto and buddhist priests , consequently also by the people, because it was thought that catholic precepts were coherent with buddhist ones. Lately, buddhist and shinto priests felt a fear with the expansion of catholicism, and troubles started to occur within religion groups. Government officials also feeling the inconvenience of actions of catholic priests and aided by Dutchmen interference, interested in keeping away the Portuguese merchants, gained confidence of Japanese Government officials, alleging that they were attempting to subjugate the people by dissemination of catholicism. Due to that, any catholic religion activity was banned, ending with the expulsion of all Portuguese, Spanish and Italians, missionaries or not. In spite the stay of Portuguese in Japan was limited to 96 years, its showed the merit of works developed by merchants and missionaries, who left an important heritage to Japanese people, as well as for following generations as base for other foreign contributions, as Dutchmen or Chinese. For all contributions made by Portuguese, that so influenced Japanese culture and the most impact caused was really the introduction of firearms that promoted another course of the Japanese History.

Identifying what makes up the Dark Matter is a long-standing problem to which the abundance of gravitational and cosmological evidence fails to answer. Indirect detection techniques have the aim to unveil the nature of Dark Matter by catching and identifying the products of potential decays and/or annihilations. The work exposed in this thesis is in line with this strategy and has for common thread the quest for line(-like) features in the extraterrestrial fluxes of gamma-rays and neutrinos. The motivation behind this specific interest is that, due to the absence of astrophysical counterparts beyond the GeV scale, these features constitute the ultimate probes (also called “smoking guns”) of the existence of Dark Matter.The thesis is organized in three Parts, the first of which is an introduction to the different facets of the Dark Matter conundrum and why it is not a trivial issue. The works involving gamma-ray line considerations are gathered in Part II, and those exclusively focusing on neutrino lines in Part III.Part II focuses on the effective field theory of Dark Matter decay, first in the context of millicharged particles decaying to gamma-ray lines, and then in the context of (neutral and millicharged) Dark Matter decays involving the simultaneous emission of gamma-ray and neutrino lines. In both cases, the simultaneous emission of cosmic rays is unavoidable and the decays are constrained in a multi-messenger fashion. The complementarity of the results obtained is used to derive model-independent constraints on the Dark Matter lifetime, and shows the possibility to exclude or distinguishsome specific scenarios on the basis of an explicit experimental conjecture.After an introduction to the neutrino detection principles and to the operation of the IceCube detector, Part III focuses on two careful searches for spectral features in the neutrino spectrum. The main goal behind these analyses, conducted in two different regions of the energy spectrum but using the same likelihood ratio procedure, is to popularize dedicated energy distribution studies by showing their ability to reach sensitivity levels comparable to—sometimes even going beyond—those obtained with angular distribution studies or even in the context of gamma-ray line searches. / Option Physique du Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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This thesis was devoted to the topic FARC-EP Fuerzas armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - Ejército del Pueblo (Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia - People's Army). The first part surveys the history of the guerrilla organization from its beginnings to the present. As the beginning of the Colombian guerrilla groups is considered Colombia's La Violencia civil war between 1948-1958 which was caused by disagreements between liberal and conservative party. FARC-EP incurred as a rural guerrilla movement of the Communist Party fraction, and they followed the Marxist doctrine. However, the communist ideals were nowadays replaced by the desire for more power and finance. The historical part of this work was therefore also dedicated to find answers to what is the organizational structure of the FARC, what is the origin of their financing and what are their current targets. In the second part of the thesis the media covering the period from 1st January 2002 to 31st August 2010 was analyzed. This period begins seven months before the onset of ex-president Alvaro Uribe Velez to the presidency after Andres Pastrana and ends one month after the onset of the new president Juan Manuel Santos. It includes more than two presidential periods of Alvaro Uribe and events that contributed to his election, and also the end of...

Conducting musical analyses over three case studies, Electric, Eclectic, Canadian: Issues of Genre and Identity in the Music of the Guess Who considers issues of genre, culture, and identity in the music of Canadian rock band the Guess Who. The first case study discusses soft rock transformations in the songs “These Eyes” (1968), “Laughing” (1969), and “Undun” (1969). The second case study examines changes in audience identification with the song “American Woman” (1970), performing comparative analyses of the Guess Who original release to Lenny Kravitz’s version (1999). The final case study discusses ideas of authenticity in the folk rock-inspired protest songs “Hand Me Down World” (1970), “Share the Land” (1970), and “Guns, Guns, Guns” (1972), comparing them to the iconic songs “For What It’s Worth” (Buffalo Springfield, 1967), “Big Yellow Taxi” (1970), “Ohio” (Neil Young, 1970 and “Southern Man” (Young, 1970). The conclusions summarise various musical and socio-political aspects of the Guess Who’s output and places it in relation to questions of national identity.

The diploma work concentrates on the complete development and construction of artillery produced by Skoda factory in Plzen from the beginning of weapon production, development of artillery turrets, artillery fortress guns, naval guns to field guns. The work appropriately combines three main parts: economical development of Skoda factory, the development of fortress and field artillery material and bibliography of a lot of important persons from Skoda factory. The work was divided into two important parts: from the beginning of artillery production at Skoda factory to the end of twenties of the twentieth century and the second part started at the beginning of thirties to the end of the second World War, when there were developed a lot of modern artillery constructions for the Czechoslovak army and German Wehrmacht. This work was is based on the work with primary archive research at Factory Skoda archive at Plzen, Central military archive in Praha and on the work with secondary literature. Since its beginning Skoda factory became the largest producer of artillery material in Austrian monarchy, during the first war they developed a lot of new and progressive constructions at fortress material and at field artillery material including heavy siege artillery. During the first republic period they...

Rapporten beskriver ett examensarbete genomfört på uppdrag av Motoman Robotics Europe AB i Torsås. Uppdraget gick ut på att hitta en lösning för att helautomatiskt kunna växla svetspistoler med en Motoman HP-20 industrirobot. Projektet har i första hand varit ett utvecklingsarbete med fokus på en fungerande praktisk lösning. Arbetet har fortskridit i nära samarbete med och handledning av konstruktörer på företaget samt stöd från vår lärare. Resultatet har blivit en kompakt och estetiskt tilltalande konstruktion som uppfyller kraven som uppdragsgivaren ställt. / The paper describes a final thesis carried out on assignment of Motoman Robotics Europe AB in Torsås, Sweden. The assignment was to find a solution for a fully automated switching of welding-guns with a Motoman HP-20 industrial robot. The project has formerly been a development-work with focus on a functioning practical solution. The work has proceeded in close cooperation and guidance from constructors at the company as well as support from our teacher. The result has given us a compact and ecstatically pleasing construction that fulfils the demands that the commissioner has ordered.

<p>Rapporten beskriver ett examensarbete genomfört på uppdrag av Motoman Robotics Europe AB i Torsås. Uppdraget gick ut på att hitta en lösning för att helautomatiskt kunna växla svetspistoler med en Motoman HP-20 industrirobot. Projektet har i första hand varit ett utvecklingsarbete med fokus på en fungerande praktisk lösning. Arbetet har fortskridit i nära samarbete med och handledning av konstruktörer på företaget samt stöd från vår lärare. Resultatet har blivit en kompakt och estetiskt tilltalande konstruktion som uppfyller kraven som uppdragsgivaren ställt.</p> / <p>The paper describes a final thesis carried out on assignment of Motoman Robotics Europe AB in Torsås, Sweden. The assignment was to find a solution for a fully automated switching of welding-guns with a Motoman HP-20 industrial robot. The project has formerly been a development-work with focus on a functioning practical solution. The work has proceeded in close cooperation and guidance from constructors at the company as well as support from our teacher. The result has given us a compact and ecstatically pleasing construction that fulfils the demands that the commissioner has ordered.</p>

Submitted by Fernando Souza (fernandoafsou@gmail.com) on 2017-08-11T14:47:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3075980 bytes, checksum: 34017b499d4b0a096285315cb614b985 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-11T14:47:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3075980 bytes, checksum: 34017b499d4b0a096285315cb614b985 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-04 / The urban violence has been increasing in almost Brazilian state and in order to face this threat, new technological tools are required by the police authorities in order to support their decisions on how and when the few available resources should be employed to combat criminality. In this context, this work presents an embedded computational tool that is suitable for detecting gun-shots automatically. To provide the necessary knowledge to understand the work, a brief description about impulsive sounds, re guns and the gun-shot characteristics are initially presented. Latter, a system based on modules is proposed to detect and recognize impulsive sound, which are characteristics of gun-shots. However, since the system contain several modules in this work we have focus only on two of them: the module for detecting impulsive sounds and the module for distinguish a gun-shot from any other impulsive sound. For the impulsive detection module, three well-known algorithms were analyzed on the same condition: the fourth derivative of the Root Median Square (RMS), the Conditional Median Filter (CMF) and the Variance Method (VM). The algorithms were tested based on four measured performance parameters: accuracy, precision, sensibility and speci city. And in order to determine the most e cient algorithm for detecting impulsive sounds, a cadence test with impulsive sounds, without or with additional noise (constant or increasing) was performed. After this analysis, the parameters employed on the CMF and VM method were tested in a wide range of con gurations to verify any possibility of optimization. Once this optimal method was determined, the classi cation module to recognize gun-shots started to be implemented. For this, two distinguish methods were compared, one based on the signal wrapped over the time and the other based on most relevant frequencies obtained from the Fourier transform. From the comparison between the two methods it was observed that the wrapped method provided 54% of accuracy in the classi cation of impulsive sounds, while with the frequency analysis this value was 72%. / A violência urbana vem crescendo anualmente em praticamente todos os estados brasileiros e para fazer face a essa amea ca, as autoridades policiais necessitam cada vez mais de ferramentas tecnológicas que os auxiliem na tomada de decisões sobre quando e como empregar os parcos recursos disponíveis a repressão do crime. Neste contexto, e apresentado nesse trabalho uma ferramenta computacional, passível de ser embarcada em dispositivos m oveis, que possibilita realizar a detecção e reconhecimento automático de disparos de armas de fogo. Para tanto, são descritos inicialmente os fundamentos básicos sobre sons impulsivos, armas de fogo e caracter sticas de disparos. Posteriormente, descreve-se uma proposta de um sistema modular de detecção e reconhecimento de disparos. No entanto, devido ao sistema conter diversos m odulos complexos, este trabalho teve foco em dois deles: o modulo de detecção de sons impulsivos e o modulo de classificação, que permite distinguir disparos de armas de fogo de outros sons impulsivos. Para o módulo de detecção de sons impulsivos foram analisados três algoritmos amplamente descritos na literatura: o algoritmo da quarta derivada da RMS, o da Conditional Median Filter (CMF) e o Método da Variância (VM). Os algoritmos foram testados com base nas medidas de desempenho da acurácia, precisão, sensibilidade e especificidade. E a para determinar o método mais e ciente, foram realizados testes de cadências, com sons impulsivos sem adição de ru do sonoro, com adição de ruído constante e com ruído variável. Ao final dessa anáise, os par^ametros preconizados na literatura para os m etodos CMF e VM foram alterados para uma verificação de possibilidade de otimização. De nido o algoritmo de detecção de impulso mais e ciente, iniciou-se o desenvolvimento do módulo de classificação. Para isso, foram propostas duas t ecnicas para o reconhecimento de disparos de armas de fogo, uma utilizando uma compara c~ao da envolt oria do som no dom nio do tempo e outra baseada na comparação de frequências dominantes obtidas por meio da transformada de Fourier. Numa comparação entre as duas técnicas observou-se que com a técnica da envoltória e poss vel identi car 54% dos sons impulsivos, enquanto que com a t ecnica baseada no dom nio da frequ^encia, este percentual foi de 72%.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:26:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fabiana de Jesus Benetti.pdf: 440388 bytes, checksum: 259ca0eb0297320965ccef8647c7ad0a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-02 / Fundação Araucária / Machiavelli wrote his political works using the terms for which does not offer a conceptual systematization. Among them we highlight the word stato. The study about this word allows observing the conceptual diversity left by the author, a multiplicity of uses without a precise definition that allows completely understand the term. Given the research on the significance of stato and the number of times it appears in Prince, we can affirm that this work is the work of complex stato in Machiavelli. The word is found 116 times and the term is used in different meanings, in complex and polysemic meanings (this datum will not limit our search to the referred work, but it certainly will receive greater attention). The difficulty in finding a single and precise meaning of the word is understandable when it is considered that in the Renaissance the term was undergoing a transformation. The significance of stato, which previously corresponded to status and concerned a position or condition, transitioned to the Modern conception of the term, distinguished from all previously existing forms of elements, such as unity, the organization in accordance with a constitution and the sovereign power which gives it an own sphere of action, independent of any other power. It is because of this that we find in the writings of Machiavelli meanings may involve the notion of power, territory, government or even State in the modern sense. This thesis aims to demonstrate some evidence of this transition in the writings of the Florentine. From the confrontation of elements that characterize the term stato in Machiavelli and characteristic elements of the concept of the notion of the modern state, we will try to demonstrate that, although Machiavelli does not use the term in the full sense of the latter, in his political theory there are certain notions close to the Modern understanding of State. / Maquiavel escreve suas obras políticas utilizando-se de termos para os quais não oferece uma sistematização conceitual. Dentre eles destacamos o vocábulo stato. O estudo acerca deste vocábulo permite observar a diversidade conceitual deixada pelo autor, uma multiplicidade de usos sem uma definição precisa que permita compreender cabalmente o termo. Diante das pesquisas realizadas sobre o significado do stato e da quantidade de vezes que ele aparece no Príncipe, pode-se afirmar que este escrito é a obra do stato complexo em Maquiavel. A palavra é encontrada 116 vezes e o termo é utilizado em acepções diferentes, em sentidos complexos e polissêmicos (este dado não limitará nossa pesquisa à referida obra, mas certamente ela receberá uma atenção maior). A dificuldade em se encontrar um sentido preciso e único da palavra é compreensível quando se considera que no Renascimento o termo passava por uma transformação. A significação de stato, que antes correspondia a status e dizia respeito a uma posição ou condição, transitava para a concepção Moderna do termo, diferenciada de todas as formas existentes anteriormente por elementos como a unidade, a organização de acordo com uma constituição e o poder soberano que lhe confere uma esfera de atuação própria, independente de qualquer outro poder. É por conta disto que encontramos nos escritos de Maquiavel significações podendo envolver a noção de poder, território, governo ou até mesmo de Estado no sentido moderno. Este trabalho tem como objetivo demonstrar alguns indícios desta transição nos escritos do florentino. A partir do confronto de elementos que caracterizam o termo stato em Maquiavel e elementos característicos da noção de Estado moderno, procuraremos demonstrar que, embora Maquiavel não empregue o termo na plenitude de sentido deste último, em sua teoria política há determinadas noções próximas da compreensão Moderna de Estado.