Compact Habitat Adapt looks towards an urban development, which can re-establish relevance into the core of cities, through functionality and holistic sustainability. Cities in South Africa share a complex history, one that is conserved in its architecture. The preservation and conservation of the built fabric have formed an assertive role in suburban sprawl and decentralization. The cities are left stagnant-unable to adapt or change to the needs and problems faced today, and very concerning problems predicted in the future. Vacancy and urban decay have become the identity of these cities as paradigm shifts occur. The obsolescence caused by the pursuit of a former identity of South Africa. The dissertation looks towards an architectural realm of the future, where architecture can no longer serve as an object, but an adaptable habitat. One that does not become obsolete in time, but grows and transforms with the changing city. It does not follow the principles of new and standing alone but merges with the existing. It becomes a collection of components, much like a machine, filling in the spaces between. Repurposing and reinventing the existing towards spatial, social, and environmental sustainability relevant to the present and future needs. Church square in the city of Pretoria translates the concerns of an urban fabric that has in some terms become irrelevant. The area shows an opportunity for further investigation of an architectural intervention that questions the current state of the city and its development policies. / Mini Dissertation (MArch (Prof)--University of Pretoria, 2020. / Architecture / MArch (Prof) / Unrestricted

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(地球環境学) / 甲第20542号 / 地環博第163号 / 新制||地環||33(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院地球環境学舎環境マネジメント専攻 / (主査)教授 柴田 昌三, 教授 星野 敏, 准教授 深町 加津枝 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Global Environmental Studies / Kyoto University / DFAM

Atliktas tyrimas, kurio pagrindinis tikslas – Senamiesčio ir Naujamiesčio teritorijose esančių blogos ir avarinės būklės architektūros objektų įvertinimas, pagrindinį dėmesį atkreipiant į objektų reikšmingumo lygį, kaitą ir atnaujinimo galimybes. Aptarta bendra paveldosauginė tiriamos teritorijos situacija, teritorijų ribos ir veiklos reglamentavimas jose. Atlikti vizualiniai tyrimai, fotofiksacija, sudarytas nykstančių architektūros objektų sąrašas, objektai suklasifikuoti stilistiniu ir fizinio sunykimo požiūriu. Pristatomas šių objektų išsidėstymas ir architektūrinė sankloda. Sudaryti žemėlapiai: 2011 metais patikslinta 2006 metų blogos būklės Kauno Senamiesčio (20171) ir Naujamiesčio (22149) architektūros objektų sklaida. Išskirtos architektūros objektų nykimo priežastys. Darbas taikomojo pobūdžio. Pateikiamos rekomendacijos nykstančių Kauno centro objektų esamos situacijos pristatymui internetinėje medijoje. Pasiūlytas koncepcinis nykstančio Kauno centro paveldo pateikimo internete modelis. Siekis - demokratizuoti priėjimą prie kultūros vertybių, skatinti aktyvų santykį su jomis. / The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the emergency condition of architectural objects located in the Old town and New town areas of the city. The main emphasis was put on the significance of the objects, their change and reconstruction options. The analysis discusses overall situation of area under heritage protection, the territorial limits and related regulation of activities. The analysis was conducted by multiple ways, i.e. on-site visits, photo shoots, etc. Consequently a list of endangered architectural objects was prepared by classifying them based on stylistic and physical deterioration perspectives. The location and architectural structure of the objects shall be also presented. The following maps where prepared in 2011: a revised version of dissemination of emergency condition architectural objects in Kaunas Old town (20171) and New town (22149) of year 2006. The causes of architectural objects loss were examined as well. It should be noted that the study may be approached as a guideline since recommendations are provided regarding endangered architectural objects located in Kaunas city center and their presentation to the online media. The results of the study suggest a conceptual model of online presentation of endangered architectural objects in Kaunas city center. The goal of the study is to democratize the access to cultural values and promote a strong active relationship with them.

Since 1999 it has been possible for Swedish municipalities and the Swedish county administrative board to establish cultural reserves to protect particularly valuable cultural landscape. The protective character of the cultural reserve is supposed to be equivalent to the one found in nature reserves. The separation between the two protective forms have led to a marginalization of the protection of cultural landscape. This thesis has, using Posthumanist theory, studied the investigation process preceding the establishing of three maritime cultural reserves. The thesis also investigates if the general work with cultural landscape could benefit from a Posthumanist approach. To reach the purpose of this thesis, three research questions were formed: how does laws and conventions relate to Posthumanist theory, which values are highlighted in the process of investigating valuable landscapes and how does the practical work with investigating maritime cultural landscape manifest itself? The source material for the thesis consists of a study of documentation, laws and conventions. It also includes an interview study with informants at the Swedish heritage board, The Swedish National Maritime Museums and two persons responsible for the Cultural reserves at the municipality of Haninge and the Swedish county administrative board of Gävleborg. Research shows that the work with managing maritime cultural landscape and preservation would benefit from the use of a Posthumanist approach. The laws and guidelines that exists, based on euro-american definitions of what a valuable landscape is, limits the informants in their work to preserve all aspects of the landscape. Nature and culture are interlaced and cannot be separated. A landscape management system that acknowledge this and allows the public to be a part of the creation of cultural heritage, will lead to a more sustainable preservation. This document is a two years’ master´s thesis in Archive, Library and Museums studies.

Em decorrência de pesquisas arqueológicas realizadas no âmbito do licenciamento da AHE Dardanelos no município de Aripuanã no noroeste do estado do Mato Grosso, as etnias Cinta Larga e Arara do Rio Branco reconheceram nos vestígios arqueológicos identificados, parte significativa de suas culturas e das suas representatividades históricas, artísticas e políticas. Consequência deste processo foi a solicitação pelo Iphan de estudo etnoarqueológico e etno-histórico, nas áreas de ocupação das duas etnias, complementar ao estudo de arqueologia, conjugamdo as instâncias da legislação relativa à proteção do patrimônio arqueológico e as demandas dos coletivos (comunidades indígenas), diretamente afetados pelo empreendimento. O estudo pretende contribuir para viabilizar o pedido de repatriação dos vestígios arqueológicos, através da concepção de um Centro de Memória a ser criado no município de Aripuanã. Inserido neste contexto o estudo apresenta questões que vem se desenvolvendo nas ciências sociais e humanas, sobre concepções de herança, patrimônio e patrimonialização de bens culturais e suas ressignificações e agência, bem como políticas de gestão do patrimônio arqueológico e musealização da arqueologia. Revisa-se o papel das pesquisas desenvolvidas no âmbito dos licenciamentos ambientais e em contextos de comunidades indígenas e tradicionais com histórico de conflitos e que, atualmente, envolvem as questões patrimoniais em suas agendas. / In face of archaeological researches carried out as part of the licencing process of Dardanelos hydroelectric dam, located in the municipality of Aripuanã, northwest of the state of Mato Grosso, the ethnic groups of Cinta Larga and Arara from Rio Branco have recognized, among the identified archaeological remains, a significant part of their cultures and historical, art and political representativeness. A consequence of this process was the claim for an ethnoarchaelogical study by National Historic and Artistic Heritage Institute (IPHAN, at these groups dwelling area, complementary to the archaeological study, bringing together the legal instances that rules archaeological heritage preservation and indigenous communities\' claims, directly affected by the enterprise. This research aims to support the claim of repatriation of archaeological remains, by conceptualizing a Memorial Centre to be created in Aripuanã. Within this context, the study presents issues currently under debate in social and human sciences on concepts of heritage, patrimony and patrimonialization of cultural assets and their resignification and agency, as well as management policies of archaeological heritage and archaeology musealisation. It is presented a review on the role of researches carried out as part of environmental licences and addressing indigenous and traditional communities with a history of conflicts and that, currently, had encompassed heritage issues on their agendas.

O município de Itapeva, SP, porta em seu território uma grande diversidade de sítios arqueológicos pré-históricos e históricos, conhecidos à décadas, muitos dos quais, estão sendo destruídos por fatores naturais e antrópicos, em alguns casos, junto com seus ambientes. Sendo assim, este trabalho apresenta dados e informações para subsidiar pesquisas e métodos de gerenciamento do patrimônio arqueológico local, a fim de promover e desencadear ações de preservação e valorização desses bens, revertendo o atual quadro de alienação e abandono, pelo quadro desenvolvimento sócio-cultural, apropriação e o fortalecimento das comunidades envolvidas de sua identidade cultural. Para tanto, foi realizada intensa pesquisa de campo para entender o que está ocorrendo \"in situ\", além de recorrer ao estudo e compreensão dos diversos diplomas legais, em especial, a legislação municipal. Ao final, foi elaborado um texto com considerações e indicativos que podem contribuir para mitigar os fatores de destruição dos sítios arqueológicos do Município de Itapeva, além de subsidiar e incentivar a gestão pública, participação coletiva e o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas arqueológicas / The town of Itapeva, SP, has in its area a great diversity of the pre-historical and historical archaeological sites, known for decades, many of which have been destroyed by natural and human forces, in some cases, together with their environments. Therefore, this paper presents data and information to support research and methods of management of local archaeological heritage, in order to promote and trigger actions aiming as the preservation and appreciation of those assets, replacing the present status of alienation and disregard by a frame of socio-cultural development, incorporation and empowerment of the communities involved in the cultural identity. For that purpose, intensive field research was carried out in order to understand what is happening \"in situ\" besides resorting to the study and understanding of the several legal regulations, especially, the municipal legislation. Finally, a document was elaborated containing facts and indicators that may contribute to the mitigate the destructive factors affecting local archaeological sites, as well as foster and stimulate the public management, collective participation and the development of further archaeological research

O presente trabalho busca refletir sobre a importância de uma abordagem interdisciplinar na Arqueologia, em especial acerca do papel do Turismo como disciplina útil e interessante para fomentar uma reflexão sobre projetos que visem a uma Arqueologia descolonizante e cumpridora de seu papel social. Neste estudo, outras duas disciplinas se mostram importantes, a saber, a Antropologia e a Museologia. A partir de exemplos internacionais que propiciam elementos para incrementar o debate sobre como o Turismo Arqueológico vem sendo pensado em outras realidades, realiza-se aqui uma breve análise acerca de atrativos arqueológicos nacionais desenvolvidos para o Turismo Convencional brasileiro. Essas discussões permeiam três estudos de caso em que o Turismo inserido em projetos de Arqueologia foi propulsor de reflexões sobre os bens patrimoniais, dando ensejo a possibilidades de sustentabilidade e inclusão social para as comunidades envolvidas / The present work aims to ponder on the importance of an interdisciplinary approach in Archaeology, in particular on the role of Tourism as an useful e interesting discipline to stimulate reflections about projects with the aim of a decolonizing Archaeology which is aware of its social role. In the study carried out in this thesis other two disciplines are important, namely Anthropology e Museology. From international examples that provide elements to instigate a debate over how Archaeological Tourism has been understood in other realities, here is presented a brief analysis of archaeological attractions developed for the national archaeological Conventional Tourism in Brazil. These discussions permeate three case studies in which Tourism, inserted in archaeological projects spurred reflections about patrimonial property, creating opportunities of sustainability e social inclusion for the communities involved

This thesis tries to define &lsquo / landscape archaeology&rsquo / as a concept / it describes and analyzes the key landscape archaeology types, dynamics, and approaches. Then, it aims to define the landscape archaeological characteristics of the Troad Region in this context. The archaeological landscape character of the Troad Region shapes the importance of the area, not only for the Anatolian culture, but also for the European cultures and for archaeology discipline. Hence, the necessity of conservation works for the area with the horizon of this concept gains importance. Thesis defines what had been done for the area in terms of conservation and reviews the Long Term Development Plan prepared for the Troia Historical National Park Area. With a critical view of what has been done and what has not been done, it tries to emphasize the importance of grasping the landscape archaeological character of the area in conservation and management plan works. It gives a general guideline to ensure a sustainable future for the historic, cultural, social, economic and environmental nature and qualities of these kinds of areas.

The present study examines the spatial relationship between archaeological sites on the island of Roatán, Honduras and their topographical and biophysical location, as well as how these relationships are and continue to be impacted by the island's current socioeconomic context. Despite several studies and explorations conducted on the island's history, archaeology, and geography since the early twentieth century, little is known of its place and role within the larger cultural and socioeconomic spheres of interaction in this region: Mesoamerica and the Intermediate Area. Previous archaeological research has shown that hilltops on Roatán were chosen in prehispanic times for the location of the largest and most prominent sites, and several hypotheses have been put forward to explain the unique location of these sites. Despite the island's potential for addressing questions regarding the culture and history of this poorly understood region of Honduras, Roatán's status as Honduras' top tourist destination has resulted in the altering of its landscape in irreversible ways, including the destruction of archaeological sites. Given this unique situation, site preservation and the study of settlement patterns on Roatán are intricately related, and they both need to be carried out simultaneously if research into the past of this island is to continue, since without immediate site preservation what little we can learn on prehispanic settlement patterns might be lost. Using data compiled from previous archaeological research on Roatán, as well as data acquired through pedestrian survey carried out during the 2009 season of the University of South Florida (USF)'s Project Roatán, I have developed a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) geodatabase in order to provide a broader perspective on both prehispanic and modern settlement patterns. An analysis of site locations with regards to their topography shows that the majority of sites recorded on Roatán are in fact located on hilltops, an observation which, when complemented with other archaeological and ethnohistoric data from northeast Honduras, suggests a possible ritual importance of these spaces. An analysis of current settlement and urban growth patterns shows the degree to which development has encroached upon previously untouched areas of the island, which has impacted an increasing number of archaeological sites. I analyze the various factors and agents that have resulted in this situation, and highlight the need to carry out archaeological research that has heritage management and site preservation as one of its core priorities. These efforts must address the various components that define the management of archaeological heritage in Roatán and Honduras, including local socioeconomic context, national and international policy and law, as well as the various stakeholders with vested interests in cultural heritage. Due to the lack of adequate structures for managing and preserving archaeological resources on Roatán, I argue that approaches such as community participation and increased engagement from the part of researchers outside of Honduras' heritage management sphere are adequate and realistic short-term solutions to the pressing issue of protecting archaeological sites constantly in danger of being affected or destroyed.

Em decorrência de pesquisas arqueológicas realizadas no âmbito do licenciamento da AHE Dardanelos no município de Aripuanã no noroeste do estado do Mato Grosso, as etnias Cinta Larga e Arara do Rio Branco reconheceram nos vestígios arqueológicos identificados, parte significativa de suas culturas e das suas representatividades históricas, artísticas e políticas. Consequência deste processo foi a solicitação pelo Iphan de estudo etnoarqueológico e etno-histórico, nas áreas de ocupação das duas etnias, complementar ao estudo de arqueologia, conjugamdo as instâncias da legislação relativa à proteção do patrimônio arqueológico e as demandas dos coletivos (comunidades indígenas), diretamente afetados pelo empreendimento. O estudo pretende contribuir para viabilizar o pedido de repatriação dos vestígios arqueológicos, através da concepção de um Centro de Memória a ser criado no município de Aripuanã. Inserido neste contexto o estudo apresenta questões que vem se desenvolvendo nas ciências sociais e humanas, sobre concepções de herança, patrimônio e patrimonialização de bens culturais e suas ressignificações e agência, bem como políticas de gestão do patrimônio arqueológico e musealização da arqueologia. Revisa-se o papel das pesquisas desenvolvidas no âmbito dos licenciamentos ambientais e em contextos de comunidades indígenas e tradicionais com histórico de conflitos e que, atualmente, envolvem as questões patrimoniais em suas agendas. / In face of archaeological researches carried out as part of the licencing process of Dardanelos hydroelectric dam, located in the municipality of Aripuanã, northwest of the state of Mato Grosso, the ethnic groups of Cinta Larga and Arara from Rio Branco have recognized, among the identified archaeological remains, a significant part of their cultures and historical, art and political representativeness. A consequence of this process was the claim for an ethnoarchaelogical study by National Historic and Artistic Heritage Institute (IPHAN, at these groups dwelling area, complementary to the archaeological study, bringing together the legal instances that rules archaeological heritage preservation and indigenous communities\' claims, directly affected by the enterprise. This research aims to support the claim of repatriation of archaeological remains, by conceptualizing a Memorial Centre to be created in Aripuanã. Within this context, the study presents issues currently under debate in social and human sciences on concepts of heritage, patrimony and patrimonialization of cultural assets and their resignification and agency, as well as management policies of archaeological heritage and archaeology musealisation. It is presented a review on the role of researches carried out as part of environmental licences and addressing indigenous and traditional communities with a history of conflicts and that, currently, had encompassed heritage issues on their agendas.