En la tesi doctoral "La recepció de Heinrich Böll a Espanya" s'analitza el procés de divulgació a Espanya de l'obra de l'escriptor alemany contemporani que s'hi ha reeditat més vegades, i se'n proposa una periodització. L'estudi se centra en dos àmbits: la recepció externa de Böll (editorials que se n'ocupen, reaccions de la crítica i el món acadèmic); i l'anàlisi textual d'una selecció de traduccions seves al català i al castellà. En el primer apartat es parteix d'un enfocament sociològic i es compara la recepció espanyola i catalana amb l'alemanya; en el segon es pren com a base el model de la lingüista Juliane House per a l'avaluació de traduccions (que parteix també de la comparació amb els originals), adaptant-lo a l'estudi de textos narratius de ficció. S'ha intentat relacionar aquests dos enfocaments d'anàlisi sempre que les metodologies aplicades ho han permès. El treball no parteix d'un ànim avaluatiu, sinó descriptiu. / En la tesis doctoral "La recepción de Heinrich Böll en España" se analiza el proceso de divulgación de la obra del escritor alemán más veces reeditado en este país y se propone una periodización de ese proceso. El estudio se centra en dos ámbitos: la recepción externa de Böll (editoriales que se ocupan del autor, reacciones de la crítica y del mundo académico); y el análisis textual de una selección de traducciones de obras suyas al catalán y al castellano. En el primer apartado se parte de un enfoque sociológico y se compara la recepción española y la catalana con la alemana; en el segundo se toma como base el modelo de la lingüista Juliane House para la evaluación de traducciones (que parte también de la comparación con los originales), adaptándolo al estudio de textos narrativos de ficción. Se ha intentado relacionar ambos enfoques de análisis siempre que las metodologías aplicadas así lo han permitido. Este trabajo no parte de un ánimo evaluativo, sino descriptivo. / The doctoral thesis "The reception of Heinrich Böll in Spain" analyzes the spreading process of the work of the most published contemporary German writer in this country, and proposes a periodization for it. The work is based on two wide fields of study: on the one side the 'external reception' of the process (role of publishers and reactions of literary criticism, scholars and of the academic world) and on the other side the 'textual analysis' of some in Catalan and Spanish translated works of the author. For the first area a sociological perspective is adopted and the Spanish and Catalan processes are compared with the German one, for the second area the Juliane House model for translation quality assessment is used (which is also based on textual comparison) and adapted for the analysis of fictional narrative texts. I have attempted to relate the two perspectives of analysis as far as the methodological procedures have allowed it. My work does not pursue an evaluative aim, rather a descriptive one.

O romance Wo warst du, Adam? (1951), de Heinrich Böll, e o \"diário coletivo\" Das Echolot. Barbarossa \'41. (2002), de Walter Kempowski, são representações literárias da Segunda Guerra Mundial. O romance foi escrito e publicado no período do pós-guerra, quando a sociedade alemã se encontrava em meio ao sofrimento por perdas materiais, perdas de familiares, e, também, confusa com a manipulação propagandística que havia sofrido por parte do governo alemão. Começava, ainda, a ter acesso a informações sobre os horrores e crimes bárbaros que haviam sido cometidos por soldados nazistas, principalmente contra o povo judeu. O \"diário coletivo\", por sua vez, é formado por colagens de textos individuais autênticos, escritos em sua maioria durante os acontecimentos da Segunda Guerra Mundial, por seus participantes e por aqueles que vivenciaram tal período. Não há nenhuma voz que relacione os testemunhos, a interpretação de tantas vozes dissonantes fica a cargo, exclusivamente, do leitor. Por haver cinquenta anos de intervalo entre as publicações, além de diferenças quanto ao gênero literário, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar se a mudança de estrutura literária e a focalização das personagens/testemunhas estão ligadas à mudança da perspectiva atual da Segunda Guerra Mundial, a qual decorre da memória coletiva do grupo social sobre um acontecimento passado e da qual a literatura incorpora elementos. Não se trata de um estudo empírico sobre a recepção das duas obras literárias, mas sobre o potencial que as obras têm em configurar uma imagem da guerra para o leitor. Em função disso, estabelece-se uma comparação de algumas personagens e testemunhas centrais, não somente daquelas que participaram ativamente da guerra, mas também de quem esteve atento aos seus desdobramentos ou, ainda, a partir das perspectivas daqueles que seriam classificados como vítimas. O trabalho se abstrai de julgamentos pessoais sobre as testemunhas, mas os textos que produziram são analisados, comparando-as com as personagens ficcionais do romance. / The novel Wo warst du, Adam? (1951), from Heinrich Böll, and the \"collective diary\" Das Echolot. Barbarossa \'41. (2002), from Walter Kempowski, are literary representations of the Second World War. The novel was written and published in the post-war period, during which the german society found itself amidst suffering for material and for family losses, and also confused with the manipulative propaganda that had been used by the german government. The society was also gaining access to information about the horrors and hideous crimes that had been perpetrated by the nazi soldiers, especially against the jewish people. The \"collective diary\", on its turn, is composed by a collage of authentic individual texts written mostly during the Second World War, by people who participated in it and by those who lived during that period. There is no voice to connect the testimonies, and the interpretation of such an amount of dissonant voices is left exclusively to the reader. Because of the fifty-year period between the publications and the differences in literary style, this research aims at verifying if the change in literary structure and the focus on the characters/witnesses are connected to the change in the current perspective towards the Second World War, which derives from the collective memory of the social group regarding an event that took place in the past and from which literature incorporates some elements. This research is not an empirical study on the reception of both works. It studies the potential these works have in configuring an image of the war to the reader. Thus, a comparison is established between some characters and central witnesses, not only those who had actively participated in the war, but also those who had accompanied its developments, or even from the perspective of those qualified as victims. The work refrains from making judgements of the witnesses as individuals, but their texts are analyzed and they are compared with the fictional characters of the novel.

O romance Wo warst du, Adam? (1951), de Heinrich Böll, e o \"diário coletivo\" Das Echolot. Barbarossa \'41. (2002), de Walter Kempowski, são representações literárias da Segunda Guerra Mundial. O romance foi escrito e publicado no período do pós-guerra, quando a sociedade alemã se encontrava em meio ao sofrimento por perdas materiais, perdas de familiares, e, também, confusa com a manipulação propagandística que havia sofrido por parte do governo alemão. Começava, ainda, a ter acesso a informações sobre os horrores e crimes bárbaros que haviam sido cometidos por soldados nazistas, principalmente contra o povo judeu. O \"diário coletivo\", por sua vez, é formado por colagens de textos individuais autênticos, escritos em sua maioria durante os acontecimentos da Segunda Guerra Mundial, por seus participantes e por aqueles que vivenciaram tal período. Não há nenhuma voz que relacione os testemunhos, a interpretação de tantas vozes dissonantes fica a cargo, exclusivamente, do leitor. Por haver cinquenta anos de intervalo entre as publicações, além de diferenças quanto ao gênero literário, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar se a mudança de estrutura literária e a focalização das personagens/testemunhas estão ligadas à mudança da perspectiva atual da Segunda Guerra Mundial, a qual decorre da memória coletiva do grupo social sobre um acontecimento passado e da qual a literatura incorpora elementos. Não se trata de um estudo empírico sobre a recepção das duas obras literárias, mas sobre o potencial que as obras têm em configurar uma imagem da guerra para o leitor. Em função disso, estabelece-se uma comparação de algumas personagens e testemunhas centrais, não somente daquelas que participaram ativamente da guerra, mas também de quem esteve atento aos seus desdobramentos ou, ainda, a partir das perspectivas daqueles que seriam classificados como vítimas. O trabalho se abstrai de julgamentos pessoais sobre as testemunhas, mas os textos que produziram são analisados, comparando-as com as personagens ficcionais do romance. / The novel Wo warst du, Adam? (1951), from Heinrich Böll, and the \"collective diary\" Das Echolot. Barbarossa \'41. (2002), from Walter Kempowski, are literary representations of the Second World War. The novel was written and published in the post-war period, during which the german society found itself amidst suffering for material and for family losses, and also confused with the manipulative propaganda that had been used by the german government. The society was also gaining access to information about the horrors and hideous crimes that had been perpetrated by the nazi soldiers, especially against the jewish people. The \"collective diary\", on its turn, is composed by a collage of authentic individual texts written mostly during the Second World War, by people who participated in it and by those who lived during that period. There is no voice to connect the testimonies, and the interpretation of such an amount of dissonant voices is left exclusively to the reader. Because of the fifty-year period between the publications and the differences in literary style, this research aims at verifying if the change in literary structure and the focus on the characters/witnesses are connected to the change in the current perspective towards the Second World War, which derives from the collective memory of the social group regarding an event that took place in the past and from which literature incorporates some elements. This research is not an empirical study on the reception of both works. It studies the potential these works have in configuring an image of the war to the reader. Thus, a comparison is established between some characters and central witnesses, not only those who had actively participated in the war, but also those who had accompanied its developments, or even from the perspective of those qualified as victims. The work refrains from making judgements of the witnesses as individuals, but their texts are analyzed and they are compared with the fictional characters of the novel.

Title Opinions of a German about the value-shifts in the society after the Second World War. Interpretation of the novel "Clown" by Heinrich Böll and its film adaptation Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the novel The Clown (1963) by an important representative of the German post-war literature Heinrich Böll and its film adaptation (1974) of the same name by a Czech director Vojtěch Jasný. The first part of the thesis presents author's life, literary work as well as the roots of his broadly humanistic view of life, which are closely interlinked with his strong Christian belief and his personal value system. The main target of the thesis is a thorough interpretation of the novel, in which author's critical viewpoint on the socio-cultural development of the post-war German society is very strongly reflected. The author's sharp satirical tone in this novel and the very evident anticlericalism are being looked at and explored in terms of the biblical motto of the novel and its main message. The aim of the final chapter is to point out the main differences between the novel and the film adaptation. Key words Heinrich Böll, value-shifts, the German society after the Second World War, Catholicism

In his 1974 novella The lost Honor of Katharina Blum Heinrich Böll argues for the constitutional guarantee of presumption of innocence. He states that this principle is violated when defamatory media headlines make unwarranted accusations against a private citizen destroying their reputation as part of a targeted smear campaign. The novella characterizes such intentional campaigns as both criminalizing and dehumanizing. Böll argues that the government should influence the press to conform to the limits implied in the institution of freedom of press. He shows the helplessness of a private citizen under attack from a smear campaign when the government takes a laissez-faire attitude toward sensationalized media. This thesis, "Neither citizen nor human: Prisoner of the media and the state: systematically linked dehumanization and radicalization: Two Interpretations of Heinrich Böll's: The Lost Honor of Katharina Blum," evaluates the sympathetic role that media and government play in the radicalization of the private citizen. This thesis establishes a direct relation between smear campaigns and radical or extremist behavior. This thesis shows that the victim of the media acts out erratically in a state of panic and terror brought on by feelings of helplessness. This thesis supports Boell's position that this erratic behavior leads to suicide or violence against perceived oppressors or others. This thesis argues for the habitualization of violence as a precise definition of the radicalization of the individual to violence. This thesis utilizes Böll's fictionalized account of Katharina Blum. This thesis makes comparisons between targeted smear campaigns in the BRD in the period 1967-1974, roughly the period of the Brandt Administration, and the case of Katharina Blum. This thesis demonstrates the systematically linked oppression of oppositional voices by the West German government with media-driven smear campaigns. Böll's essays on topics including human rights and the potential benefits of political radicals help inform this study. Böll's novella demonstrates the vulnerability of all citizens to victimization of the press. Boell shows that violent radical behavior results from smear campaigns against private citizens. Boell argues that this radicalization is clearly rooted in a sales-driven media sympathetic to the state's abuses of power.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T18:56:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elise.pdf: 1787260 bytes, checksum: 835b75433c3e949b620b642b3a694b62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-15 / The present study aims at to investigate German Literature mainly the first years after the Second World War and show how the 47 Group was built and developed, since it was composed by young writers mainly ex-prisoners who believed in literature as a new beginning and a way of helping people to find a new way of thinking after have been living by the atrocities of the war. We pay a special attention to this Group which had regularly or twice a year met for twenty years to appreciate the reading of the components presented in colloquies. In the first chapter we introduce the factors that contributed for the composition of this Group approaching literature and the writers of the time of the national-socialist regime pointing the writers who were unsatisfied with the dictatorial politics of Hitler and were exiled abroad, and also the ones who stayed in German living in a kind of "internal emigration" without writing or just for entertainment literature but not being free of the survey of the regime. We also highlight the Der Ruf magazine (The Calling) pressed in American Campus of the German war prisoners as part of a program called "re-education", once German occupation and administration had just been provided right after its defeat. From 1946 to 1947 this magazine was also edited in Monique and worked as a precursor of the 47 Group formation. The second chapter is dedicated to the Group development, to its main components profile and to the phases the Group went through during its 20 years of existence. Therefore, we based mainly on a Study Group called The Göttingen Seminar organized by Heinz Ludwig Arnold among others. The last two chapters were based in the works of Günter Eich and Heinrich Böll as representative writers of the German Literature postwar aiming at the thematic of social representation in Eich's poems and broadcasting plays and in Böll's stories and novels. It is a bibliographic research that searches its theoretical in literary critics, philosophers, sociologists and other writers such as Marcel Reich-Ranicke, Émile Durkheim, Theodor Adorno, Antonio Cândido, Maurice Halbwachs, Forster and Riegel, Alfred Andersch, Heinrich Vormweg, Hans Werner Richter, Heinrich Böll and Günter Eich. / O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar a literatura alemã, principalmente dos primeiros anos após a Segunda Guerra Mundial e mostrar como surgiu e se desenvolveu o Grupo 47, formado por jovens escritores, em sua maioria ex-prisioneiros de guerra, que viam na literatura uma forma de recomeço e de ajuda à população para encontrar uma nova maneira de pensar, depois de ter passado pelas atrocidades da guerra. Dá-se atenção especial a este grupo que, durante vinte anos, encontrava-se regularmente uma ou duas vezes ao ano para apreciação das leituras de manuscritos dos componentes, apresentados em forma de colóquio. No primeiro capítulo, são relevados os fatores que contribuíram para a formação desse grupo, abordando, assim, a literatura e os autores da época do regime nacional-socialista, com referência aos autores que, desgostosos com a política ditatorial de Hitler, exilaram-se no exterior e aos que permaneceram na Alemanha, onde, muitos deles, vivendo uma espécie de emigração interior , deixando de escrever ou dedicando-se apenas a uma literatura de entretenimento, não livres da inspeção do regime. Destaque especial também é dado à revista Der Ruf (O chamado), editada em campos americanos de prisioneiros de guerra alemães, que fazia parte de um programa chamado re-education , uma vez que já estava prevista a ocupação e administração da Alemanha, assim que esta estaria derrotada. De 1946 a 47 a revista também foi editada em Munique e serviu de precursora à formação do grupo 47. O segundo capítulo é dedicado ao desenvolvimento do Grupo, ao perfil dos principais componentes e às fases pelas quais o grupo passou em seus 20 anos de existência. Para isso, apoiou-se, principalmente num grupo de estudos, denominado Seminário de Göttingen, organizado por Heinz Ludwig Arnold, entre outros. Já nos dois últimos capítulos, tomou-se por base as obras de Günter Eich e Heinrich Böll, ambos autores de representatividade na literatura alemã pós-guerra, visando a temática da representação social presente nos poemas e peças radiofônicas de Eich e nos contos e romances de Böll. Trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica que busca fundamentação teórica em críticos literários, filósofos, sociólogos e outros autores, entre os quais se destacam Marcel Reich-Ranicke, Émile Durkheim, Theodor Adorno, Antonio Cândido, Maurice Halbwachs, Forster e Riegel, Alfred Andersch, Heinrich Vormweg, Hans Werner Richter, Heinrich Böll e Günter Eich.

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