[pt] Essa dissertação tem como ponto de partida as considerações freudianas sobre a sexualidade como fator preponderante nas manifestações de angústia. A compreensão de que a sexualidade possui um caráter traumático torna mais explícito o fato de que a angústia está relacionada a algo que extrapola a capacidade de simbolização do psiquismo. A consideração sobre o caso Hans pretende mostrar o que está em jogo na relação entre o sexual e a angústia. A partir deste caso clínico é possível discernir que o perigo assinalado pela angústia diz respeito à castração, conceito que se destaca no comentário sobre o fenômeno do estranho, a partir do qual se compreende que o perigo assinalado pela angústia está associado à organização da imagem do corpo, não sendo apenas algo proveniente do exterior, alheio ao eu. A partir do conto de Hoffmann, O Homem da Areia , desenvolve-se a ideia de que existe algo que está localizado numa região para além da imagem corporal, mas que ao mesmo tempo faz parte dela. Essa região ao mesmo tempo estranha e familiar é onde está localizado o objeto da angústia é a única tradução subjetiva. A consideração sobre o lugar da angústia na direção do tratamento se apoia nesta impostante noção da teoria lacaniana. / [en] The start point of this dissertation is the freudian s considerations about sexuality like a special factor in production of anguish. The conception that sexuality is traumatic demonstrates the fact anguish is associated with something beyond the psyche s capacity to symbolization. The approach about Hans case introduces the connection between sexuality and anguish. The clinical case shows that castration is the danger indicated by anguish. The concept of castration appears in the comments about the experience of estrangement, where it become clear that the function of anguish is associated the body s image too. So, anguish isn t an external part of I. The story The Sandman , written by Hoffmann, exemplifies the idea that there is something in a place not included in body s image, but that is part of its structure. The object a is that place, simultaneously strange and familiar, and its subjective expression is anguish. The study about the function of anguish on direction of treatment is sustained by the concept of object a, wich is very important in the theory of Lacan.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:13:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4867.pdf: 1284255 bytes, checksum: 85c02970644ed97519e85fd825246d11 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-03 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / One of the most important movements of what we call enlightenment concerns the analysis of the religious phenomenon. Some authors who lived under the aegis of this historical period, as Hume and Feuerbach, adopted a very similar semantics for the construction of their explanatory discourses when dissecting religious belief issues, as well as its motivations and the involved psychical processes. The fear as a cause and the projection as a mental process are important elements in this construction. When Freud who was a reader of both authors and is considered one of the last enlighteners writes some of his texts about the religious phenomenon specifically Totem and Taboo and The Future of an Illusion he ends up making use of explanatory resources which refer to thatphilosophical tradition. The terms which will appear in Freud are helplessness(Hilflosigkeit) and projection(Projektion). These concepts, however, despite of their extreme operativity within the explanatory structure of the religious phenomenon, do not appear for the first time in these cultural texts: they have been part of the history of freudian psychoanalysis for a long time, and have their meaning laboriously built during a long course of development of the theory. The aim of this paper is, thefore, to unravel the paths taken during the elaboration of the concepts of helplessness and projection, so then their real meanings can present themselves when a text on religion is read that will not only allow a more accurate comprehensionabout it but will also demonstrate how the Freudian concepts are developed, both internally in psychoanalysis and in its contact with other forms of construction of knowledge such as philosophy. / Um dos movimentos mais importantes daquilo que denominamos como esclarecimentodiz respeito à análise do fenômeno religioso. Na dissecação das questões referentes à crença, suas motivações e processos psíquicos envolvidos, alguns autores que viveram sob a égide desse período, como Hume e Feuerbach, abrirammão de uma semântica muito próxima para a construção de seus discursos explicativos. O medo como causa, e a projeção como procedimento mental, são elementos importantes nessas construções. Quando Freud -que foi leitor de ambos os autores e é considerado um dos últimos esclarecedores-constróialguns de seus textos a respeito do fenômeno religioso Totem e Tabue O Futuro de uma Ilusão, mais especificamente -, acaba por fazer uso de recursos explicativos que remetem a esta espécie de tradição filosófica.Os termos que aparecerão em Freud serão desamparo(Hilflosigkeit) e projeção(Projektion). Estes conceitos, entretanto, apesar de extrema operatividade na estrutura explicativa do fenômeno religioso, não surgem pela primeira vez nestes textos culturais: há muito fazem parte da história da psicanálise freudiana, e têm a sua significação laboriosamente montada em um longo percurso de desenvolvimento da teoria. O objetivo deste trabalho será, pois, o de desvendar estes caminhos de elaboração dos conceitos de desamparo e projeção, a fim de que seus reais significados se apresentem quando da leitura dos textos sobre religião, e isto tanto para possibilitar uma leitura mais acurada dos mesmos, quanto para demonstrar a maneira como os conceitos em Freud se desenvolvem, seja internamente na psicanálise, seja no contato desta com outras formas de construção do conhecimento, como a filosofia.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:06:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WagnerMP.pdf: 330782 bytes, checksum: f5d5f4c1bf8c530a43ac4e2b47a0b8f9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-07-01 / This dissertation analyses, within a psychoanalytical e literary perspective, the enigma of blindness in Graciliano Ramos s work. The approach takes into account, mainly, the narratives of Hist?rias de Alexandre (Alexandre s tales) and Inf?ncia (Childhood memories) as both books speak of the same theme: the injured eye. The writer s work is scourged so that a broaden symbolism regarding the hurt eye can be found. The subject is discussed from three significant elements: fragmentation, helplessness and melancholy; all these form the creative aesthetic of Graciliano, merging into a single object. Fragmentation representing the internal shattered world of his characters, which is reflected in the environment; helplessness, directly related to feelings of rejection; and melancholy, characterized by a strong feeling of emptiness. The theme of isolation and loss is discussed based on Mourning and melancholy, by Freud, and other theorizers. There is also a brief dialogue with the Romantic and philosophical theories, which tries to explain the melancholic condition in the individual before moments of distress. Such theories are the support for the understanding of the helplessness of the hero in Graciliano Ramos?s literature and for the assumption that the blindness in the mistreated boy of the book Inf?ncia could be the language of the traumatic aspect that colors the entire text of the writer. As matter of fact, it constitutes in the lost object represented in the anguish of the author s characters / Este trabalho analisa, dentro de uma perspectiva psicanal?tica e liter?ria, o enigma da cegueira na obra do escritor Graciliano Ramos. A abordagem sobre tal aspecto privilegia as narrativas de Hist?rias de Alexandre e Inf?ncia, pois ambos os livros falam de um mesmo tema: o olho ferido. Busca-se, em toda a obra do autor, uma simbologia maior para essa chaga que impregna tanto o texto de fic??o quanto o de mem?ria. O assunto ? abordado a partir de tr?s elementos significativos: a fragmenta??o, o desamparo e a melancolia. Todos estes integram a est?tica criativa de Graciliano, formando um ?nico objeto. A fragmenta??o representando o esfacelamento interno de seus personagens, refletido no mundo exterior; o desamparo, diretamente relacionado ao sentimento de rejei??o familiar e social; e a melancolia, caracterizada pelo forte sentimento de solid?o, pelo saudosismo profundo que envolve toda a obra. O tema do isolamento e da perda ? discutido tendo como base Luto e melancolia, de Freud, e na an?lise de outros te?ricos que discutem o mesmo assunto. Trava-se, ainda, um breve di?logo com as teorias rom?nticas e filos?ficas, as quais tentaram explicar o estado melanc?lico do indiv?duo diante de momentos angustiantes. Tais teorias servem de suporte para a compreens?o do desamparo do her?i em Graciliano Ramos e para conjeturar que a cegueira no menino maltratado de Inf?ncia seria a linguagem do aspecto traum?tico. Esta linguagem perpassa o discurso do escritor, marcando-o com a fragmenta??o e a falta, constituindo-se no objeto perdido que se revela na ang?stia de seus personagens

Forty volunteer patients from a Veteran's Administration Hospital served as subjects for this study. On the basis of Beck Depression Inventory scores, the subjects were divided into depressed (11 and above) and nondepressed (7 and below) groups. Subjects were assigned randomly to either public condition (experimenter present with the subject during experimental procedures) or a private condition (subject performed the procedures alone). Subjects in each condition were asked to perform three tasks which varied in the amount of interpersonal involvement each required ranging from low through medium to high. The low interpersonal involvement task consisted of an anagram-solving procedure. Both the medium and high interpersonal involvement tasks employed modification of the Means-Ends Problem-Solving Procedure (MEPDS) (a measure of interpersonal problem solving ability).

M.A. (Psychology) / The present study was undertaken in an attempt to understand and ascertain the nature and influence of psychological variables on the longevity of people who are infected withHN. The specific postulate of this study was that depression is the most important psychological variable that influences the longevity of people with my, either directly or indirectly. A number of variables were hypothesized to playa concomitant role with depression as factors that mediate longevity in people with my. These factors include learned helplessness, self-efficacy, sickness impact, sexual risk behaviors and substance use. The testing of these hypotheses involved an experimental group consisting ofHN positive, gay men who suffered from depression and a control group that consisted ofmv positive gay men who did not suffer from depression. None of the subjects had previously been diagnosed with depression. The subjects were subjected to testing of the mentioned psychological variables by means of the Hamilton-Depression Scale, the Attributional Style Questionnaire, the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale, the Biweekly Record of Sexual Behavior, the Substance Use Behavior Questionnaire and the Sickness Impact Profile. It was found that the experimental group differed significantly from the control group in terms of self-efficacy, sexual risk behavior, substance use and sickness impact. It has been speculated that the lack of significant difference between the experimental and control groups on learned helplessness could imply that equal amounts of learned helplessness was present in both groups.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:08:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 veridiana costa.pdf: 821261 bytes, checksum: c7ba3ea596fac5b42e3b610d55299d0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-04-08 / The current context presents changes in the subjectives organization ways. Inside this, the redefinitions from the man and woman roles, the new filiation forms, as the new familiar configurations, have brought to a references crisis that reaches different sections from the human life. Among others aspects, this has been implied on redimensionment of the father s place, traditionally conceived as representing from the symbolic law. The father social role is so questioned and, many times, confused with the decline from the paternal function, but, is there is a decline, it is from the patriarchal power, and not of its function, that stays as structural. Fundamental to the structuring of human being and to the social coexistence, the law presents itself like a way of symbolic support. In front of this, we question how stays the reference from the symbolic law, that in the current panorama, it seems leave important blanks in its duties. Inefficient in the limit and interdiction function, the law fails, as well the advantages that should assure of her. No more interdicted, the subject sees himself summoned to the excess and, paradoxally, without references, unsupported. The human condition of unssuporting constituent of the subject due to the life circumstances of people have been exacerbated, what reveals a constant unssuporting situation in which live the nowadays subjects. This leave them to new psychic disorganization forms and makes emerge new symptomatologic configurations, in which expression forms are linked to specific contexts. Among them, the panic disorder highlights as a illustration of the unssuporting more often evocated in the contemporary times, due to the fragility which the law presents itself / O contexto atual apresenta mudanças nos modos de organização subjetiva. Em meio a isso, as redefinições dos papéis do homem e da mulher, as novas formas de filiação, assim como as novas configurações familiares têm levado a uma crise de referências que atinge diferentes setores da vida humana. Dentre outros aspectos, isso tem implicado o redimensionamento do lugar do pai, tradicionalmente concebido como representante da lei simbólica. O papel social do pai passou a ser questionado e, muitas vezes, confundido com o declínio da função paterna, porém, se há um declínio, é do poder do patriarcado, e não de sua função, que permanece como estrutural. Fundamental à estruturação do humano e à convivência social, a lei se apresenta como um modo de amparo simbólico. Diante de tal quadro, questionamos como fica a referência à lei simbólica, que, no panorama atual, parece deixar lacunas importantes em seu exercício. Ineficiente na função de interdição e limite, a lei falha, como falham também as vantagens que ela deveria assegurar. Não mais interditado, o sujeito se vê convocado ao excesso e, paradoxalmente, sem referências, desamparado. A condição humana de desamparo constituinte do sujeito , em razão das circunstâncias de vida das pessoas, vem sendo exacerbada, o que revela a constante situação de desamparo na qual vivem os sujeitos atuais. Isso os leva a novas formas de desorganização psíquica e faz emergir novas configurações sintomatológicas, cujas formas de expressão estão vinculadas a contextos específicos. Dentre elas, o transtorno de pânico se destaca como uma ilustração do desamparo mais freqüentemente evocado na contemporaneidade, promovido pela fragilidade com que a lei se apresenta

Orientador: Carmen Maria Bueno Neme / Resumo: Esta pesquisa, de natureza teórica e conceitual, parte da hipótese de que tanto nos textos de Heidegger, quanto nos de Freud, há uma concepção de angústia que se assenta em um lugar fundante da existência humana, o qual poderia ser articulado sob um vértice comum que denominamos como condição de desabrigo. Entendemos que, seja na perda de familiaridade revelada pela angústia ontológica descrita por Heidegger em Ser e Tempo (1927), seja no desamparo fundamental anunciado pela angústia enquanto expressão privilegiada da pulsão descrito por Freud em Inibição, Sintoma e Angústia (1926), é a condição de desabrigo que vem à tona. Para tanto, em Freud analisamos em que medida o conceito de angústia originária em articulação com a concepção de pulsão de morte e de desamparo, aponta para uma dimensão sobre a qual a experiência subjetiva se sustenta e que é da ordem do irrepresentável e do indeterminado. Já em Heidegger, analisamos em que medida o afeto fundamental da angústia revela o estatuto ontológico da existência caracterizado pelo estranhamento, indeterminação e pela falta de familiaridade. Ao propor este ponto de articulação entre dois autores de matrizes teóricas distintas, não defendemos que entre eles exista um lugar epistemológico comum, mas sim procuramos conduzir um diálogo no sentido de destacar os pontos de convergência e divergência entre suas concepções de angústia, bem como as implicações ontológicas e éticas dessa classe paradigmática de afetos para a compreensão do... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This research, of theoretical and conceptual nature, starts from the hypothesis that either in Heidegger´s works, as in Freud's, there is a conception of anguish that relies as a foundation place of human existence, which could be associated under a common vertex that we define as a condition of homelessness. We understand that, either in the loss of familiarity revealed by the ontological anguish described by Heidegger in Being and Time (1927), or in the fundamental helplessness announced by anguish as a privileged expression of the drive described by Freud in Inhibition, Symptom and Anxiety (1926), it is the homelessness condition that raises up. Therefore, in Freud we analyze to what extent the concept of original anguish in conjunction with the conception of death drive and helplessness, points to a dimension on which subjective experience is sustained and which is of unrepresentable and undetermined order. In Heidegger, on the other hand, we analyze to which extent fundamental anguish reveals the ontological status of existence characterized by strangeness, indeterminacy and lack of familiarity. By suggesting this point of confluence between two authors of different theoretical matrices, we do not defend that among them there is a common epistemological place, but rather we seek to conduct a dialogue in order to highlight the points of convergence and divergence between their conceptions of anguish, as well as the ontological and ethical implications of this paradigmatic... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Tidigare forskning pekar på att det kan finnas samband mellan vissa psykologiska faktorer och utveckling av depression och ångest. Därför var syftet med denna studie att undersöka huruvida olika psykologiska faktorer påverkar risken att utveckla depression samt ångest vid en uppföljning efter tre år. Studien baserades på data som insamlats vid det första (T1) och det andra (T2) mättillfället i den longitudinella populationsbaserade Miljöhälsostudien i Västerbotten. Samplen i denna undersökning bestod av deltagare som inte hade ångest (n=1930), och deltagare som inte hade depression (n=2120) vid T1. I studien undersöktes i vilken utsträckning upplevelse av utmattning, insomni, känsla av hjälp- och hopplöshet, stress, självskattad ohälsa, ångest och depression vid T1 ökade risken för depression respektive ångest vid T2. Logistiska regressionsanalyser visade på en signifikant ökad risk för att utveckla depression vid T2 (Oddskvot; OK=1.99-3.64) för samtliga riskfaktorer. Riskfaktorerna depression, utmattning, hjälp- och hopplöshet och självskattad ohälsa ökade risken för att utveckla ångest vid T2 signifikant (OK=2.37-3.78). Sammanfattningsvis visar resultaten att riskfaktorerna indikerar en i varierande grad ökad risk för att utveckla depression och ångest. Kännedom om riskfaktorer kan vara ett betydelsefullt stöd för att i ett tidigt skede sätta in interventioner och därmed förhindra senare insjuknande i depression och ångest. / Previous research suggests that there may be a link between certain psychological factors and development of depression and anxiety. The purpose of this study was therefore to investigate how different psychological factors affect the risk of developing depression and anxiety in a follow-up three years later. The study was based on data from baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2) in the Västerbotten Environmental Health Study, a longitudinal population- based study. The sample consisted of participants who did not have anxiety (n = 1930), and participants who did not have depression (n = 2120) at T1. The study examined the extent to which experience of exhaustion, insomnia, feelings of helplessness and hopelessness, stress, low self-rated health, anxiety and depression at T1 increased the risk of depression and anxiety at T2, respectively. Logistic regression analyses showed a significantly increased risk of developing depression at T2 (Odds ratio; OR = 1.99-3.64) for all risk factors. The risk factors depression, exhaustion, feelings of helplessness and hopelessness and low self-rated health significantly increased the risk of developing anxiety at T2 (OR = 2.37-3.78). In conclusion, the results show that the risk factors indicate a varying degree of increased risk of developing depression and anxiety. Knowledge of risk factors is important as support for initiating interventions at an early stage and thus preventing later onset of depression and anxiety.

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