Dominant discourses on youth sexual health construct young people as at-risk subjects who engage in risky behaviours due to ignorance or poor decision-making. This dissertation challenges the prevailing assumption embedded in these discourses that young people’s sexual behaviours are based on individual rational choices. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of practice and R. W. Connell’s notion of hegemonic masculinity, this dissertation uses an interpretive approach to analyze the narratives and resonant texts of 24 young men in Toronto. It explores how young men construct and perform their masculine identities in the context of their socio-spatial environment; it also examines the strategies that young men use to compete for cultural capital and dominant positions in the homosocial and (hetero)erotic fields. The analysis yields a number of findings. First, it shows that gender identity is a state of being-doing-becoming. Guided by their gender-class-race habituses, young men engage in an unceasing process of defining, affirming, declaring, and validating not only their sense of who they are (self-identity) and where they belong (collective identity), but also the boundary that differentiates the ‘Self’ from the ‘Other’. Second, there is a dialectical relationship between the young men’s masculine habituses and their sexual practices. While all the young men engaged in hegemonic masculine practices to gain ‘respect’ from their peers, their practices varied according to their classes and ethnoracial backgrounds. At the same time, their (hetero)erotic practices are intricately intertwined with their homosocial practices, whereby the intra-group masculine expectations coupled with the broad hegemonic masculine discourses assert significant influences on their interactions with both young women and other young men. Finally, hetero-guy-talk constitutes an important everyday social interaction in which young men actively engage in the (re)production and/or resistance of hegemonic masculine discourses and practices. These results suggest that effective sexual health promotion (SHP) must go beyond the focus on individual sexual behaviours to address the historical, cultural, economic, and political contexts that shape the collective sexual health practices of young men. Furthermore, it may be useful to explore ‘hetero-guy-talk’ as an important ‘third’ space where young men are invited to interrogate and resist misogynist, masculinist, and homophobic practices and be supported to engage in humanizing sexual practices.

Dominant discourses on youth sexual health construct young people as at-risk subjects who engage in risky behaviours due to ignorance or poor decision-making. This dissertation challenges the prevailing assumption embedded in these discourses that young people’s sexual behaviours are based on individual rational choices. Drawing on Pierre Bourdieu’s theory of practice and R. W. Connell’s notion of hegemonic masculinity, this dissertation uses an interpretive approach to analyze the narratives and resonant texts of 24 young men in Toronto. It explores how young men construct and perform their masculine identities in the context of their socio-spatial environment; it also examines the strategies that young men use to compete for cultural capital and dominant positions in the homosocial and (hetero)erotic fields. The analysis yields a number of findings. First, it shows that gender identity is a state of being-doing-becoming. Guided by their gender-class-race habituses, young men engage in an unceasing process of defining, affirming, declaring, and validating not only their sense of who they are (self-identity) and where they belong (collective identity), but also the boundary that differentiates the ‘Self’ from the ‘Other’. Second, there is a dialectical relationship between the young men’s masculine habituses and their sexual practices. While all the young men engaged in hegemonic masculine practices to gain ‘respect’ from their peers, their practices varied according to their classes and ethnoracial backgrounds. At the same time, their (hetero)erotic practices are intricately intertwined with their homosocial practices, whereby the intra-group masculine expectations coupled with the broad hegemonic masculine discourses assert significant influences on their interactions with both young women and other young men. Finally, hetero-guy-talk constitutes an important everyday social interaction in which young men actively engage in the (re)production and/or resistance of hegemonic masculine discourses and practices. These results suggest that effective sexual health promotion (SHP) must go beyond the focus on individual sexual behaviours to address the historical, cultural, economic, and political contexts that shape the collective sexual health practices of young men. Furthermore, it may be useful to explore ‘hetero-guy-talk’ as an important ‘third’ space where young men are invited to interrogate and resist misogynist, masculinist, and homophobic practices and be supported to engage in humanizing sexual practices.

This study explores the origins and development of one of America's largest alternative religions, contemporary Paganism, while placing emphasis on the roles of homosexual and heterosexual males within a movement that is dominated by women and focused on a Goddess, rather than a God. This gendered examination demonstrates contemporary Paganism's roots in the counterculture movement of the 1960s, and investigates how rituals have changed for boys within the movement, as well as ritual modification among homosexual males. This study reveals a reverse sexism among contemporary Pagan women toward males within the community and how this group is still working toward understanding and acceptance between the sexes. With an ever growing presence and over 300, 000 contemporary Pagans in the United States to date, this religious group adds to the changing contours of American religion.Ball State UniversityMuncie, IN 47306 / Department of History

L’histoire naturelle et la progression des infections au VPH (virus du papillome humain) sont bien décrites. Cependant, la dynamique de transmission reste faiblement documentée. Une meilleure compréhension de la dynamique de transmission ainsi que de ses facteurs de risque permettrait d’optimiser les stratégies de prévention afin de réduire la prévalence de ces infections dans la population par la vaccination et les méthodes contraceptives. Notre étude vise à déterminer si la charge virale des infections au VPH influence leur transmission entre les partenaires sexuels. Pour ce faire, l’association entre la charge virale au niveau des organes génitaux et la concordance spécifique de type des infections prévalentes au VPH a été évaluée pour 250 couples hétérosexuels récemment formés. Les charges virales de VPH16 (r = 0.30), de VPH18 (r = 0.50) et de VPH51 (r = 0.19) étaient significativement corrélées (p < 0.05) entre les deux partenaires sexuels, contrairement à celles de VPH31 (r = 0.08) et de VPH42 (r = -0.1). Lorsqu’ajusté en fonction de l’âge des participants, une charge virale élevée augmentait significativement le taux de détection du même type chez le partenaire pour les types 16, 31 et 51. Ainsi, dans les couples hétérosexuels récemment formés, des charges virales élevées sont associées à une détection accrue du même type chez le partenaire sexuel. / The natural history and progression of genital HPV infection are well understood. However, less is known about transmission dynamics of HPV between sexual partners. A better knowledge of risk factors and dynamics of HPV transmission is needed to optimize prevention strategies through vaccination and contraceptive measures. Our study aims to determine if the viral load of HPV infection affects transmission between sexual partners. The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) loads in genital swabs and type-specific concordance of prevalent HPV infection was assessed in 250 heterosexual recently-formed couples to further characterize HPV transmission. Viral loads of HPV16 (r=0.30), HPV18 (r=0.50) and HPV51 (r=0.19) were significantly correlated (p<0.05) between partners in opposite to HPV31 (r=0.08) and HPV42 (r=-0.10). A higher HPV load increased significantly the rate of detection of HPV16, 31 and 51 in sexual partners (age-adjusted odds ratios from 1.64 to 7.71). In recently-formed heterosexual couples, higher HPV16, 31 or 51 load was associated with increased detection of the same HPV type in sexual partners.

Romantic relationships are one of the most important relationships a woman will develop in her life. Women are often socialized to be compliant within their relationships, and are reminded of how a thin body type is ideal. The implications of this socialization can affect the way a woman feels about her body. The current study included 207 women who ranged in age from 18-30, were in a relationship (neither married nor engaged) for 6 months or longer, and identified as either being attracted to the same or opposite sex. Results of the study indicated a significant effect of higher levels of body dissatisfaction between both negative relationship quality, and increased engagement in unhealthy dietary behaviours. In addition, self-silencing was found to be a significant mediator in the relationship between relationship quality and both body dissatisfaction and unhealthy dietary behaviours. Limitations of the study and directions for future research are discussed.

Romantic relationships are one of the most important relationships a woman will develop in her life. Women are often socialized to be compliant within their relationships, and are reminded of how a thin body type is ideal. The implications of this socialization can affect the way a woman feels about her body. The current study included 207 women who ranged in age from 18-30, were in a relationship (neither married nor engaged) for 6 months or longer, and identified as either being attracted to the same or opposite sex. Results of the study indicated a significant effect of higher levels of body dissatisfaction between both negative relationship quality, and increased engagement in unhealthy dietary behaviours. In addition, self-silencing was found to be a significant mediator in the relationship between relationship quality and both body dissatisfaction and unhealthy dietary behaviours. Limitations of the study and directions for future research are discussed.

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-96). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-96). Also available on the Internet.

Esta dissertação tem como objetivo principal problematizar a revista Sexy como um roteiro para a masculinidade heterossexual. Para tal, foi selecionado como corpus de análise o ano de 2005 da referida revista, num total de doze edições. O referencial teórico deste trabalho é o dos Estudos Feministas e dos Estudos Culturais de inspiração pós-estruturalista. Este trabalho opera um conjunto de conceitos, tais como gênero, sexualidade, masculinidade, representação. O recurso que orientou a aproximação com o material empírico foi analisar, ao longo das doze edições, tudo o que a revista disponibilizou (mensalmente) para seus leitores masculinos, a saber: as reportagens sobre comportamento, sexualidade, viagens, consumo, as entrevistas, informações sobre livros, cinema e DVD, além dos ensaios fotográficos de nu feminino, centrais para a publicação. Também lança um olhar para a relação entre os profissionais que trabalham na revista (homens e mulheres) e os possíveis leitores, observando paulatinamente o desenvolvimento de uma relação de ensinoaprendizagem que a revista estabelece com seus leitores masculinos. Este tipo de exploração do material empírico, que buscou fundamentalmente regularidades, permitiu argumentar que a masculinidade heterossexual, construída culturalmente, é orientada pelos roteiros disponíveis no mercado (ou seja, as inúmeras revistas masculinas que existem atualmente, visam basicamente o entretenimento masculino, incluindo a revista Sexy) em que se exerce com o leitor masculino uma relação pedagógica, ou seja, de ensino-aprendizagem sobre o que é ser um homem heterossexual (em termos de preferências, incluindo as preferências sexuais) e especialmente como se comportar sexualmente. Embora haja um esforço por parte da revista, em sempre delimitar bem os espaços do masculino e do feminino, através da noção de essência, os sentidos atribuídos ao que é ‘essencialmente’ do homem e ao que é ‘essencialmente’ da mulher escapam, sobretudo quando analisamos os lugares das mulheres na publicação. Ou seja, se por um lado, as mulheres ocupam o centro dos desejos eróticos masculinos (especialmente as modelos, atrizes ou cantoras muito jovens), por outro lado, as jornalistas mulheres escreveram e orientaram não somente como os homens devem se relacionar com as outras mulheres, mas também como os homens devem se comportar sexualmente. / This dissertation aims to question the Sexy magazine as a script for the heterosexual masculinity. In order to do so, I selected the magazine’s twelve editions of the year of 2005. The theoretical referential of the work are the Feminist Studies and the Cultural Studies with a post-structuralist influence. This study works with a group of concepts, such as gender, sexuality, masculinity and representation. The resource that guided the approach with the empiric material was the analysis, along the magazine’s twelve editions, of everything that was shown to its male readers, such as reports about behavior, sexuality, trips, consumption, interviews, information on books, movies and DVD, besides the photographies of female nude, the main topic of the magazine. This work also looks at the relationship among the professionals who work in the magazine (men and women) and the possible readers, observing the development of a ‘teachinglearning’ relation that the magazine establishes with its male readers. This type of exploration of the empiric material, which looked for some regularities, enabled me to argue that the heterosexual masculinity - built culturally - is guided by the routes available in the market. In other words, the countless masculine magazines existent nowadays aim at the male entertainment, including the Sexy Magazine. There is a pedagogical relation with the masculine reader, a ‘teaching-learning’ relation concerning what means being a heterosexual man (in terms of preferences, including the sexual preferences), especially how he should behave sexually. Although there is an effort by the magazine in delimiting the spaces of the masculine and the feminine through the notion of essence, the senses attributed to what belongs 'essentially’ to the man and what belongs ‘essentially’ to the woman escape, especially when we analyze the women's places in the magazine. On the one hand, women occupy the center of the masculine erotic desires (especially top models, actresses or very young singers); on the other hand, journalists women wrote and guided not only how men should relate with other women, but also how men should behave sexually.