This dissertation focuses on the roles played by the United Nations experts Charles Abrams and G. Holmes Perkins in the foundation of METU Faculty of Architecture. It aims to highlight the ideas and ideals that informed Abrams&rsquo / s and Perkins&rsquo / s METU projects, and to delineate an integrative and multifaceted picture of their political and educational contexts. This picture may serve as a basis for future researches on the institutional and educational histories of METU Faculty of Architecture. It may also help to better understand the contributions of other administrators and instructors -- including First Acting Dean Thomas B. A. Godfrey and Dean Abdullah Kuran -- who played important parts in the formation of the educational direction of the Faculty. Abrams, as a United Nations consultant, paved the way for the foundation of METU Faculty of Architecture by recommending a school of architecture and community planning in Ankara, for the education of professionals competent in responding to the problems caused by rapid industrial expansion and urbanization. Perkins contributed to the foundation process of METU Faculty of Architecture. As the head of the team of experts from the University of Pennsylvania School of Fine Arts, who were sent by the United Nations to Ankara in 1955, he advised the Government of Turkey on &ldquo / the creation of a Faculty of Architecture, a Faculty of City and Regional Planning&rdquo / and two research institutes, as a first step towards an institution of university rank, and with a view to promoting &ldquo / a newer, more practical and modern approach to architecture and urban planning&rdquo / in Turkey. In this dissertation, Abrams&rsquo / s and Perkins&rsquo / s METU projects constitute a starting point for exploring significant themes in the changing political and educational trajectories in America in the mid-twentieth century. The influence of different interpretations of the notions of democracy, individuality and society on technical assistance, urban development policies and architectural education is also investigated. Abrams&rsquo / s professional and academic position as a &ldquo / reflective practitioner&rdquo / is appraised in the light of John Dewey&rsquo / s concepts of democracy, democratic education and &ldquo / reflective thinking.&rdquo / The changing professional and societal roles of the architect and the changing demands upon architectural education in the 1950s framed the background of Perkins&rsquo / s educational approach. The reappraisal of liberal education as part of professional education of the architect, the rising significance of an interdisciplinary pedagogical approach, and the development of &ldquo / organized research&rdquo / in architecture were among the major themes shaping new orientations in the field of architectural education in America in those years. In the dissertation, the lasting validity of these themes for today is highlighted.

Le Renouveau pédagogique, mis en place au Québec en 2005 à l’ordre secondaire, a eu pour effet de forcer plusieurs enseignants à remettre en question leurs pratiques pédagogiques avec l’approche par compétences. Considérant que les recherches sur l’ancien programme d’histoire ont démontré que les enseignants utilisaient la plupart du temps le manuel comme outil unique, que les manuels contenaient peu de sources primaires et que l’usage de sources est maintenant prescrit par le ministère de l’Éducation, du Loisir et du Sport, nous analysons dans cette recherche l’usage des sources primaires dans les nouveaux manuels d’Histoire et éducation à la citoyenneté du niveau secondaire. L’analyse de nos résultats nous a permis de fournir les outils nécessaires afin de répondre à notre question de recherche. Nous avons constaté la présence majoritaire des sources primaires dans les manuels. Par contre, celles-ci n’étaient pas toujours incluses dans une situation d’apprentissage avec au moins une compétence disciplinaire et, dans encore moins de cas, dans une tâche complexe en lien avec la méthode historique. / Educational Renewal, established in Quebec in 2005 at the secondary level had the effect of forcing many teachers to question their teaching practices with the skills approach. Considering that research on the old history program showed that teachers used mostly textbook as a unique tool, that contained few primary sources and these sources are now prescribed by the ministry of Education, Recreation and Sport, we determine in this research the use of primary sources in the new history and citizenship education textbooks of at the secondary level. The analysis of our results allowed us to provide the tools necessary to answer our research question. Our first observation was to note the presence of the majority of primary sources in the textbooks. They were not always included in a learning situation, including at least one of disciplinary skill and, in even fewer cases, in a complex task in connection with the historical method.

Submitted by Aelson Maciera (aelsoncm@terra.com.br) on 2017-08-16T19:13:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseDASMS.pdf: 1770584 bytes, checksum: ef83736d835d548873a8286555c9043b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (bco.producao.intelectual@gmail.com) on 2018-01-29T18:53:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseDASMS.pdf: 1770584 bytes, checksum: ef83736d835d548873a8286555c9043b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ronildo Prado (bco.producao.intelectual@gmail.com) on 2018-01-29T18:53:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseDASMS.pdf: 1770584 bytes, checksum: ef83736d835d548873a8286555c9043b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-29T18:58:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TeseDASMS.pdf: 1770584 bytes, checksum: ef83736d835d548873a8286555c9043b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-20 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / This research aims to investigate the relation between pedagogical ideas and the innovation process of school education praxis. The objective is to comprehend how the process of production, appropriation and dissemination of pedagogical ideas is developed and how they articulate to school educational practice, by suggesting innovations with a view to apprehend the paradox of innovation and demystify the process of mythologizing the "new", to get closer to the practice as it is in classroom and, then, understand in a more concrete and entirely shape the school educational phenomenon. As theoretical-conceptual tools we admit the notions from the studies of "cultural translation", "hybridity" and "grammar of schooling", because they offer insights to understand the pedagogical ideas motives of traveling from their sites of origin, how they are apprehended at their arrival places, and how school educational practice articulates with innovation. All those process, when involving "cultural translation agents" and "authors of manuals”, which are responsible for translation of theories and practices from abroad into the national context and mediation of these to the school context - resulting in the study of intellectuals and their printed matter, admits the educational impressions of Carlos da Silveira and José Scaramelli as primary sources of investigation as the object of study. Intermediate intellectuals who would roam between the proposers (theoreticians) and the executors (teacher) acting as mediators and disseminators of the foreign pedagogical ideas in the country. Translated, in a literally and culturally way, in their forms, these pedagogical ideas were disclosed as theoretical-practical repertoire that was intended to instrument the teachers work in the classroom, and offered didactic and method which concentrate the innovation of educational practice and the revolution of the national school. Viewing such predicates, we could exam the pedagogical ideas in this work with a view to the apprehension of: what the authors present as "new" and whether the "new" they propose would be, as situated by both, different from what would already be placed in the school context and, capable of radically transforming the Brazilian school educational practice, establishing the other thing, which was until then, nonexistent. As categories of analysis, we delimit the conceptions of education and fundamentals of didactics and methodology, the latter being contrasted with prescriptions for the effectiveness of the teaching process, synthesized in the proposals of lessons and activities to be carried out by the teacher. Due to the production process of the “new” result from changes engendered in times of crisis, whose coexistence of temporalities accrues in the opening of fissures, it imposes other ways of thinking and providing the understanding and objectification of the existence conditions of present human life, giving the conditions for the emergence of the "new”. The First Brazilian Republic was established as a time frame for this research investigation object, since it comprises the intermission of time in which the bases of the Brazilian society are shaken because of the historical and social demands of in a time that imposes changes in its structure and relationships. / Esta pesquisa tem por objeto de investigação a relação entre as ideias pedagógicas e o processo de inovação da práxis educativa escolar. Seu objetivo consiste em compreender como se desenvolve o processo de produção, apropriação e disseminação das ideias pedagógicas e de como estas se articulam a prática educativa escolar, sugerindo-lhe inovações, com vista a apreender o paradoxo da inovação e desmitificar o processo de mitologização do “novo”, para se aproximar da prática efetiva realizada em sala de aula e, assim, compreender de forma mais concreta e em sua totalidade o fenômeno educativo escolar. Como ferramentas teórico-conceituais são admitidas as noções oriundas dos estudos de “tradução cultural”, “hibrismo” e “gramática da escola”, por oferecem entendimento sobre por que as ideias pedagógicas viajam de seus locais de origem, como são apreendidas nos locais de sua chegada e como a prática educativa escolar se articula com a inovação. Tais processos, ao terem implicados “agentes de tradução cultural” e “autores de manuais”, responsáveis pela tradução de teorias e práticas estrangeiras ao contexto nacional e a mediação destes ao contexto escolar, resultando no estudo de intelectuais e de seus impressos, admite como fontes primárias de investigação do objeto de estudo, os impressos educacionais de Carlos da Silveira e de José Scaramelli. Intelectuais intermediários que transitariam entre os propositores (teóricos) e os executores (professor) atuariam estes autores como mediadores e disseminadores das ideias pedagógicas estrangeiras no país. Traduzidas, literal e culturalmente, em seus impressos, seriam estas ideias pedagógicas divulgadas enquanto repertório teórico-prático que, destinado a instrumentar o trabalho do professor em sala de aula, ofereceriam uma didática e um metodologia que condensariam a inovação da prática educativa e a revolução da escola nacional. Com vista a tais predicados, as ideias pedagógicas são examinadas neste trabalho, com vista a apreensão de: o que os autores apresentam por “novo” e se o “novo” que propõem seria, como situado por ambos, diverso daquilo que já estaria posto no contexto escolar e, enquanto tal, capaz de transformar radicalmente a prática educativa da escola brasileira, estabelecendo outra, até então, inexistente. Como categorias de análise delimitam-se as concepções de educação e os fundamentos constitutivos da didática e da metodologia, sendo esta última contraposta a prescrições para a efetivação do processo de ensino, sintetizados nas propostas de lições e atividades a serem realizadas pelo professor. Em vista do processo de produção do “novo” ser decorrente de mudanças engendradas em período de crises, cuja coexistência de temporalidades resulta na abertura de fissuras, impondo formas outras de se pensar e de se prover a compreensão e a objetivação das condições da existência da vida humana presente, oferendo as condições para o despontar do “novo”, a Primeira República brasileira foi estabelecida como recorte temporal para a investigação do objeto da pesquisa, uma vez que compreende o intervalo de tempo no qual as bases da sociedade brasileira são abaladas devido as demandas de um tempo histórico e social que impõe mudanças em sua estrutura e em suas relações.

Submitted by CAMILA LIBANORI BERNARDINO null (camila.libanori@gmail.com) on 2016-05-24T16:37:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_Bernardino_Camila.pdf: 4087762 bytes, checksum: 6afee961ff8485955828955c52d186f6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-05-30T13:57:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 bernardino_cl_me_rcla.pdf: 4087762 bytes, checksum: 6afee961ff8485955828955c52d186f6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-30T13:57:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 bernardino_cl_me_rcla.pdf: 4087762 bytes, checksum: 6afee961ff8485955828955c52d186f6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-04-18 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Esta pesquisa visa compreender a abordagem dos números complexos, bem como as transformações e adaptações ao longo das edições de 1944, 1946, 1949, 1955 e 1956 na série Matemática 2º ciclo. O tema foi inserido no currículo escolar brasileiro em 1942 e tal obra, de autoria de Euclides Roxo, Haroldo Lisbôa da Cunha, Roberto Peixoto e Cesar Dacorso Netto, entrou em circulação, no mercado editorial nacional, logo após decretada a Lei Orgânica do Ensino Secundário. Para tanto, optou-se por compor uma versão histórica sobre tal abordagem na série Matemática 2º ciclo. Com inspiração no referencial metodológico da Hermenêutica de Profundidade e dos Paratextos Editoriais, realizou-se uma análise sócio-histórica a partir da década de 1930 a fim de compreender e apresentar situações sociais e políticas da época e suas relações com a publicação da obra; uma análise discursiva e comparativa de edições dessa obra, visando compreender e descrever os conteúdos nela abordados relativos ao tema, bem como apresentar plausibilidades para as transformações e adaptações detectadas; e, por fim, uma reinterpretação dos dois primeiros momentos de análise de modo a apresentar uma síntese das compreensões sobre a obra neste trabalho. Dentre as compreensões resultantes dessas análises destacamos: a vinculação direta dos autores Haroldo Lisbôa da Cunha e Euclides Roxo à elaboração dos programas instituídos por meio das reformas educacionais da época; a obra Matemática 2º Ciclo é fortemente caracterizada pela fragmentação na abordagem dos conteúdos (Álgebra, Geometria e Geometria Analítica), possivelmente resultante do alijeiramento da publicação, por sua vez impulsionada pela reforma Capanema; alterações e transformações na abordagem dos números complexos, sobretudo na edição de 1946, pelas sugestões dos professores do país que utilizaram a primeira edição do livro, e mais fortemente a partir da edição de 1955, com a instituição do Programa Mínimo (1951), quando os números complexos deixam de ser um tema de destaque como nas primeiras edições e passa a ser desenvolvido junto ao tema dos polinômios. / This research aims to understand not only the approach to complex numbers, but also the transformation and modifications along the 1944, 1946, 1949, 1955, and 1956 editions of the book 'Matemática 2º ciclo'. The subject was added to Brazilian school curriculum in 1942 and the book, written by Euclides Roxo, Harold Lisbôa da Cunha, Roberto Peixoto and Cesar Dacorso Netto, came entered circulation, in the national publishing Market, soon after the enactment of ‘Lei Orgânica do Ensino Secundário’ (Organic Law of Secondary Education). Therefore, we chose to create a historical version on such an approach for the book series 'Matemática 2ºciclo'. Inspired by the methodological referential of Depth Hermeneutics and Editorial Paratexts, we conducted a social-historical analysis starting in the 1930's in order to understand and present social and political situations of the time and its relations with the publication of the work; a discursive and comparative analysis of the book's editions, aiming to understand and depict the content related to the subject, as well as to show the suitability of all detected transformations and adaptations; and, finally, a reinterpretation of the two first moments of analysis to present a summary of our understanding about the book in this research. Among the results of these analyses, we highlighted: the direct connection of authors Haroldo Lisbôa da Cunha and Euclides Roxo to the program design established through a means of the educational reforms of that time; the book 'Matemática 2º Ciclo' is strongly marked by the fragmentation on content approach (Algebra, Geometry, and Analytical Geometry), possibly resulting from publishing streamlining, in turn driven by the Capanema Reform; modifications and transformations on the approach of complex numbers, especially in the 1946 edition, at the suggestions of the country's teachers, who used the book's first edition and, more heavily, after the 1955 edition, with the establishment of the 'Programa Mínimo' (Minimum Program, 1951), when complex numbers were no longer a highlighted theme as they were in the previous editions and were now developed along polynomials.

The 1944 Butler Act laid the legal foundations for a new secondary education system in England, one which would see all children entitled to free and compulsory schooling up to the age of 15. The Act therefore represented a bold step forward in the pursuit of a fairer society: expanding access to training and qualifications, while promoting a more equal distribution of educational opportunities. This thesis explores the process of constructing and delivering secondary education policy in England following the 1944 Butler Education Act. It offers a close examination of two Local Education Authorities- Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire- exploring how they interpreted and implemented 'secondary education for all' after the Second World War. The dissertation is composed of two parts: Part One looks at how selective secondary schooling was developed and operated in the respective areas between 1945 and 1962; Part Two explores the response of both authorities to the prospect of reforming secondary education after 1962. By exploring the process of policy implementation after 1944, Part One of this thesis highlights the problems of delivering secondary education for all in an era of resource constraint. It is demonstrated in this thesis that Local Authority capacity to build new schools was firmly tethered to Ministerial control. The relatively low priority accorded to education created a decade-long delay between the announcement of policy change and its eventual delivery. The implications of this delay at the Local Authority and school level are explored in chapters three and six. Chapters four and seven question how resources were distributed between selective and non-selective school sectors, while chapters five and eight evaluate the treatment of selective education within each authority, asking how policy makers conceived of, and operated, the grammar school and secondary modern sectors. Part Two of this thesis turns to the question of secondary organisation. Debates surrounding the question of comprehensive rather than selective systems of secondary schooling dominated discussions about secondary education policy in the later twentieth century. When it came to comprehensive re-organisation, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire opted for different paths: Oxfordshire adopted comprehensive schooling relatively early with a remarkable degree of county-wide consensus, while Buckinghamshire fiercely resisted external and internal pressure to reform. Chapter ten of this thesis is devoted to identifying the drivers of comprehensive reform in Oxfordshire. Chapters eleven and twelve explore the Buckinghamshire story establishing how and then why this county successfully held-out against wholesale policy change.

This thesis contributes to existing discussions of Soviet subjectivity by considering how the efforts of the Party leadership and state agencies to shape personal and collective identities were mediated by the teaching of Russian classics to teenagers. It concentrates in particular on the history of literature course provided by Soviet schools for the upper years. The study addresses the following questions: (1) How was literary expression employed to instigate children's emotions and create interpretive habits as a way of inculcating a Soviet worldview? (2) What immediate effects did the methods have on teenagers? (3) What were the long-term effects of this type of indoctrination? Answering these questions required close reading of material produced by official authorities, such as methodological programmes, teachers' aids, professional journals, and textbooks for class instruction, and also of material produced by those at the receiving end of Stalinist literary instruction, including both sources contemporary to the period under scrutiny (i.e. diaries written between 1936-1941), and later autobiographical material (memoirs, oral history). I argue that for many teenagers growing up during this period, indoctrination in the classroom blurred the boundary between reality and fiction, and provided a moral compass to navigate their social environment, to judge others as well as themselves along prescribed lines, and model their lives on the precepts and slogans of the characters and authors they encountered, particularly the 19th-century radical democrats. Retrospective accounts - interviews, memoirs, and written responses to questions - expose the durability of the moral and ethical lessons derived from Russian classics and reveal the enduring Soviet emotional complex formed by this literary instruction. Investigating the impacts of the study of Russian classics on Soviet recipients, particularly from elite groups such as the city intelligentsia, my discussion highlights the political traction of the literary in, for instance, forming feelings of group belonging and strong emotional responses to differing views. I conclude with a discussion of the relation of this to long-term political effects, including the re-appraisal, in the twenty-first century, of Stalin-era teaching methodology as an effective way of instilling patriotic sentiments in students, and the legacy of Soviet perceptions and practices in the expression of personal and collective identities in the post-Soviet period.

This thesis explores representations of the First World War in English theatre, Theatre in Education (TIE), and Living History between 2014 and 2015. By employing an interdisciplinary approach it evaluates these performance genres in relation to responses sought from Key Stage 3 History pupils. The beginning of the centenary created a cultural outpouring and provided opportunities for secondary schools to include field trips and creative learning about the war. Examination of this commemorative period is contextualised by examining pupils’ interaction with cultural works since 1914, showing that the centenary moment stemmed from a tradition of creatively remembering and teaching the conflict. This perspective highlights long-standing complexities in the relationship between creative practitioners, teachers and education authorities. It also confronts the divide that has grown between some creative practitioners and revisionist historians of the First World War. Revisionist historians’ reassessment of the conduct and necessity of the war has led some to harshly judge cultural works, such as performances, for misleading audiences. Yet little research has been conducted into twenty-first century productions about the war and their reception by school audiences. An investigation of these performances problematizes scholarly notions about how and who has the authority to communicate the First World War to the next generation. Whilst the providers, gatekeepers, and critics of learning through performance are of central consideration, this thesis also values the pupil’s voice. Ten Key Stage 3 cohorts are used as case studies, providing a snapshot of the creative activities and field trips employed by schools in 2014 and 2015. Interviews and questionnaires provide pupils’ feedback on what they thought and how they felt about studying history through performance. Observations of History lessons and performances also remove the debate from the hypothetical to the realities of history teaching. They reveal that pupils’ cultural backgrounds, schooling, and exposure to cultural works shaped their responses to performances about the First World War. Pupils also assigned the performances varying degrees of historical authority, some viewed them as merely entertainment, others as educational sources and several as a mixture of the two. Performances brought immediacy and life to the historical topic and provoked an empathetic response from many pupils. Yet some struggled with the symbolism of theatre and others feared the participation that came with TIE and Living History. Consequently, this thesis explores pupil’s critical, personal and emotional engagement with performances, raising questions about what criteria should be used to evaluate the success of such non-formal learning on the war.

O estudo enfoca a política de acesso à educação superior no Brasil, numa perspectiva histórica, através da análise da legislação federal publicada entre os anos de 1824 a 2003. Buscando analisar como o Estado brasileiro regulou e regulamentou esse processo através da “teia normativa”, a pesquisa é concebida dentro da abordagem teórica e metodológica da cartografia simbólica, utilizando os elementos da: escala, projeção e simbolização. Dessa forma, ao utilizar linguagem metafórica da cartografia, a tese é denominada de Atlas. O elemento da escala foi utilizado como forma escrita, através das categorizações, elementos de análise e estilo. O Atlas foi desenhado majoritariamente na grande escala, ou seja, desenha um pequeno espaço: o acesso à educação superior, percebendo detalhes que a pequena escala tende a desprezar. A projeção refere-se ao centro e a periferia. O centro foi considerado a ação regulamentadora e regulatória do Estado brasileiro; na periferia foram contemplados elementos que direta ou indiretamente afetam o acesso como a questão dos privilégios concedidos, a gratuidade e a expansão e diversificação do sistema de educação superior. A simbolização buscou mapear a gramática que representa os critérios para o acesso à educação superior. Nos diversos períodos contemplados pode-se verificar a presença marcante do Estado no direcionamento do processo de acesso à educação superior no Brasil, sobretudo através de ações dos Poderes Executivo e Legislativo. Em relação ao acesso à educação superior ao longo de todo o período estudado houve pequenas mudanças de formato e de estrutura. Não houve uma mudança radical do processo; foram alteradas formas, metodologias de aplicação e do uso dos resultados, que não repercutiram em uma maior democratização do acesso. Os exames positivados nas diferentes normas e épocas tinham (e ainda têm) a intenção de pôr à prova os candidatos, no sentido de verificar sua capacidade e “merecimento”. Se, no início, tinha a função de distribuir os candidatos às vagas existentes, a partir de 1925, classifica os que se sobressaem nas avaliações propostas. A partir da última Constituição Federal de 1988 e da Lei de Diretrizes e Bases, de 1996, o acesso à educação superior apresenta novas formas que substituem ou complementam o antigo e majoritário processo: o concurso vestibular. Essas formas podem ser progressivas, ou seja, diluídas ao longo do ensino médio, como o Processo de Avaliação Seriada ou Programa Alternativo de Ingresso ao Ensino Superior; podem ser mais leves, como a aplicação de uma única prova; e podem consistir no aproveitamento do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (Enem), entre outras possibilidades. / This study focuses, within an historical perspective, on the politics of access to superior Education in Brazil, through the analysis of the federal legislation published between 1824 and 2004. We tried to analyze how the Brazilian state rules over this process through a normative net. We use the theoretical and methodological approach of symbolic cartography, using concepts like: scale, projection and symbolization. In this way, as we use the metaphoric language of cartography, we use the word Atlas to call our thesis. The concept of scale was used as a written form, through categorization, and elements of analysis and space. The Atlas was designed mostly in a greater scale, which means it draws a small space: the access to superior education, allowing the perception of details that the small scale tends to disdain. The concept of projection refers to center and periphery. As center we consider the ruling and legislative action of the state; as periphery elements which, directly or indirectly, infer upon access, like the question of privileges, free access, and the expansion and diversification of superior education. The symbolization tried to map the grammar represented by the criterions for access to superior education. In the various periods scrutinized, we could verify the massive state influence in the access to superior education, mainly through the actions of the legislative and executive. There were small variations of format and structure of access to superior education during the period studied, but no radical change in the process. Yet, there were some alterations of forms and methodology of application and use of results which did not result in a greater democratization of access. The selection examination of various norms and epochs had (and already have) the intents to test the candidate’ capacity and merit. Initially their function was to distribute existing place between candidates, however up to 1925 it began to select the better ones. With the Federal constitution of 1988 and the law of directives and foundation of 1996, the access to superior education presents new forms which substituted or complemented the old process: the selection exam called vestibular. This new forms may be progressive, which means diluted through high school, as in the Ranked Evaluation Process or in the Alternative Program of Access to Superior Education; the may be lighter, as occurs with the application of a single exam; they may make profit of the High School National Exam, between other possibilities. / El estudio enfoca la política del acceso a la educación superior en Brasil, en una perspectiva histórica, a través del análisis de la legislación federal publicada entre los años de 1824 a 2003. Con la intención de analizar cómo el Estado brasileño reguló y reglamentó este proceso a través de la “tela normativa”, se concibe la investigación dentro del marco teórico metodológico de la cartografía simbólica, usando los elementos de: escala, proyección y simbolización. De esta forma, al usar el lenguaje metafórico de la cartografía, se denomina a la tesis de Atlas. El elemento de la escala fue utilizado como forma escrita a través de las categorizaciones, elementos de análisis y estilo. El Atlas fue diseñado predominantemente en la gran escala, es decir, representa un espacio pequeño: el acceso a la educación superior, percibiendo los detalles que la escala pequeña, generalmente, no valora. La proyección se refiere al centro y a la periferia. Se consideró como el centro la acción reglamentar y de regulación del Estado brasileño; en la periferia fueron contemplados los elementos que directa o indirectamente afectan el acceso, como el tema de los privilegios concedidos, lo gratuito y la extensión y la diversificación del sistema de educación superior. Con la simbolización se buscó hacer el mapa de la gramática que representa los criterios para el acceso a la educación superior. En los diversos períodos contemplados, se puede verificar la fuerte presencia del Estado al dirigir el proceso del acceso a la educación superior en Brasil, sobre todo a través de las acciones de los poderes Ejecutivo y Legislativo. En lo referente al acceso a la educación superior, a lo largo de todo el período estudiado, hubo cambios pequeños cuanto a su forma y estructura. No hubo cambios radicales del proceso; las formas, metodologías de aplicación y del uso de los resultados fueron modificadas, pero no resultaron en una democratización más grande del acceso. Los exámenes realizados en las diversas normas y épocas tuvieron (y todavía tienen) la intención de poner a prueba a los candidatos, como una manera de verificar su capacidad y su “mérito”. Si, al principio, tenían la función de distribuir a los candidatos según las vacantes existentes, a partir de 1925, clasifican los que se sobresalen en los exámenes de ingreso. A partir de la última Constitución Federal, de 1988, y de la Ley de Directrices y Bases, de 1996, el acceso a la educación superior presenta formas nuevas que substituyen o complementan el proceso viejo y mayoritario: el “vestibular”. Estas formas pueden ser graduales, es decir, diluidas a lo largo del secundario, como el proceso de evaluación Seriada o Programa Alternativo de Ingreso a la Educación Superior. Entre otras posibilidades, también pueden ser más blandos, como la realización de una única prueba y, todavía, puede aprovecharse el “Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio” (Enem).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-02T21:42:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leonor Correa.pdf: 814086 bytes, checksum: d4da13291597e08cfa6cf7356dbff8c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-09-21 / This work, seeking to understand how this process occurs, called "Community Development" (SOUZA, 1991), realizing it is his historical process, as well as its contemporary, which include collective and social attributes, favorable to the understanding and application of concepts the solidarity, which are part of this social category economical. For this, proposing a dialogue between the theoretical benchmark addressed in this work, with the reports of "Stories of Lives", developed in the field of research, providing a reading practice solidarity, which can arouse a new sense the community by means cultural and collective participation. The method of search, used was the "Qualitative" in character "Exploratory", and analysis of the data raised, if proceeded with inspiration "Phenomenological." The technique was used to search the experiential, through the approach of "stories of life", to understand how the subject of search, represented by Eye Live Cooperative de Confections and Doctors, in the city of Santo André and the Association for the Promotion and Human Rescue of Citizenship Father Leo Commissary, in the city of Sao Bernardo do Campo, in Sao Paulo, understand the concept of economic solidarity, and what the existence of the practice solidarity, which facilitate, or interfere promote the generation of employment and income, within these communities. The analysis of the reports of life, these subjects of search, showed that the practice of solidarity among residents occurs only in situations of extreme need for survival, but specifically in the community of Sacadura Cabral. See that this mutual aid within this community, occurs on a voluntary basis, disaggregated understanding of the term solidarity. The social responsibility of educational institutions in the region Superior ABC Paulista encouraged the creation of the Cultural Corridor of Economic Solidarity ABC Paulista, whose commitment to the search, social responsibility and teaching practices of higher education, pointing to the need for support local communities, targeting mainly its development through instruments of empowerment, aimed at generating jobs and income.(AU) / O presente trabalho, busca compreender como ocorre este processo, denominado Desenvolvimento Comunitário (SOUZA, 1991), percebendo-se seu processo histórico, bem como, sua contemporalidade, nas quais contemplam atributos sociais e coletivos, favoráveis à compreensão e aplicabilidade dos conceitos de solidariedade, no qual fazem parte desta categoria social econômica. Para tanto, propõe um diálogo, entre o referencial teórico abordado no presente trabalho, com os relatos das Histórias de Vidas , desenvolvidos na pesquisa de campo, propiciando uma leitura das práticas solidárias, que possam despertar um novo sentido a comunidade, por meios culturais e da participação coletiva. O método de Pesquisa, utilizado foi a Qualitativa , de caráter Exploratório , e a análise dos dados levantados, se procedeu com inspiração Fenomenológica . A técnica de pesquisa utilizada foi a vivencial, por meio da abordagem de histórias de vida , visando compreender como os sujeitos da pesquisa, representados pela Olho Vivo Cooperativa de Confecções e Costura, da cidade de Santo André e da Associação de Promoção Humana e Resgate da Cidadania Padre Léo Comissari, na cidade de São Bernardo do Campo, em São Paulo, percebem o conceito sobre economia solidária, e qual a existência prática da solidariedade, que facilitam, interferem ou propiciam a geração de trabalho e renda, dentro destas comunidades. A análise dos relatos de vida, destes sujeitos da pesquisa, mostrou que a prática da solidariedade ocorre somente entre moradores em situações de extrema necessidade de sobrevivência, mas precisamente na comunidade da Sacadura Cabral. Percebe-se que esta ajuda mútua, dentro desta comunidade, ocorre de forma voluntária, desagregada da compreensão do termo solidariedade. A responsabilidade social das instituições de ensino Superior da região do ABC Paulista incentivou a criação do Corredor Cultural da Economia Solidária do ABC Paulista, cujo comprometimento com a pesquisa, a responsabilidade social e as práticas pedagógicas de ensino superior, apontam para a necessidade de apoio às comunidades locai, visando principalmente o seu desenvolvimento, por meio de instrumentos de capacitação, que visam à geração de trabalho e renda.(AU)

SANTOS, Cícero Edinaldo dos. Juventude e relações de gênero no ensino misto confessional: a pedagogia salesiana em Juazeiro do Norte–CE (1970-1985). 2014. 131f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2014. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-08T14:13:34Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_cesantos.pdf: 1694249 bytes, checksum: 7c4ec62734197684de62bb7cd52a8944 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-08-08T17:42:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_cesantos.pdf: 1694249 bytes, checksum: 7c4ec62734197684de62bb7cd52a8944 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-08T17:42:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014_dis_cesantos.pdf: 1694249 bytes, checksum: 7c4ec62734197684de62bb7cd52a8944 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Esta dissertação dialoga com os domínios epistemológicos da Educação Comparada e História da Educação. Trata da Transição para e Consolidação do ensino misto confessional no Colégio Salesiano de Juazeiro do Norte – Ceará, destacando o período de 1970 a 1985. Parte da análise dos fluxos discursivos entre Dom Bosco – fundador do Sistema Preventivo na Itália – e Padre Cícero – primeiro interessado pela implantação da Pedagogia Salesiana em Juazeiro do Norte. Enfatiza a operacionalização das práticas pedagógicas dos Salesianos imigrantes, nos primeiros anos de atuação no referido município. Em seguida, toma como foco a transição do ensino confessional masculino para o ensino misto confessional. Para isso, destaca o processo de feminização do magistério, a atuação dos padres-professores e a ideia de uma “pedagogia da igualdade” direcionada e executada por distintos sexos/gêneros. Ressalta os dilemas da educação católica, no contexto investigado e a ação pedagógica dos Salesianos, demonstrando a existência de performatividades (des) generificadas no cotidiano escolar. A fim de entender como o Sistema Preventivo buscou reproduzir sujeitos para além dos muros institucionais, discorre sobre o Regime Militar e a Pastoral da Juventude, vendo-os como pontos basilares para a consolidação do ensino misto confessional na realidade do município. Antes de finalizar, dialoga com as noções de vigilância preventiva e a urgência da coeducação salesiana, deixando questionamentos em aberto. Evidencia que, para a condução desta investigação, foi de suma importância à abordagem interdisciplinar, a leitura da historiografia consultada, além das crônicas da casa, regulamentos, relatórios anuais, circulares e subsídios preservados no arquivo escolar salesiano, bem como quatro entrevistas com ex-alunos e ex-alunas (atuais funcionárias) da referida instituição. Como resultado, apresenta um conjunto de evidências de que o projeto educacional do Padre Cícero, isto é, a atuação dos Salesianos em Juazeiro do Norte, foi aceito pela população local, a qual via na educação escolar um caminho para o progresso e civilidade do município. Na transição para o ensino misto confessional, o processo foi amistoso, embora tenha despertado uma série de ressignificações de sentidos no cotidiano pedagógico. A condição juvenil e as performatividades de gênero foram mantidas. O sexo visto como natural e ligado à anatomia física. A juventude, dependendo da situação, discursada com enunciados positivos ou negativos. Em busca da desnaturalização da vida, dos sexos, gêneros e idades, esta dissertação encerra com alguns questionamentos sobre a coeducação nas instituições ligadas à Igreja Católica, buscando despertar reflexões e futuros estudos.