This paper discusses the changes of economic activities of ethnic Chinese in Ho Chi Minh City under different political regimes with different institutions. The thesis applied qualitative research methods with in-depth interviews, collected and analysed data from documents. The research result shows that under different social and political institutions, which are changed from French colonial period to the two different political systems during Vietnam War with the Communism in the North and the Capitalism in the South, and the socialist system carried out in the whole country after 1975, to the Doi Moi period after 1986, the Vietnamese Chinese conduct different economic activities in terms of business and trust in social relations. Before 1975, the Vietnamese Chinese traded heavily with the same ethnic group. The in-group business practices were changed after the institutional change after 1975, which pushed them to work more closely with other ethnic groups. The concept toward ¡§trust¡¨ (Xinyong) in Vietnamese Chinese community is gradually changed in accordance with the changes of social and political institutions.

Thesis (M.Ed. (Educational Management))--Mahidol University, 2008. / LICL has E-Thesis 0041 ; please contact computer services.

The diploma thesis titled "Political developments in Vietnam from 1954 to the present" focuses on the political development of Vietnam after the war in Indochina until present days. It describes what led Ho Chi Minh to adopt communism, after what and by whom he was inspired and why communism has nowadays still a strong position in Vietnam. The main attention is devoted to the reforms of Doi Moi, that have lifted the country's economy. It outlines the positive and negative aspects following the introduction of these reforms.

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Cette thèse propose une analyse économique de la gestion des déchets ménagers au Vietnam.Après avoir étudié les différents acteurs et leurs domaines de compétence à l’échellenationale, elle cible plus particulièrement les zones urbaines du pays afin d’identifier la naturedes déchets produits, les modalités de régulation et de financement de leur gestion. Parailleurs, une évaluation des comportements des ménages en faveur de l'amélioration de lagestion des déchets ménagers est proposée à partir d’une évaluation contingente. A partird’une enquête réalisée auprès de 416 ménages dans la ville de Hanoï et de 444 ménages dansla ville d’Ho Chi Minh, l’estimation du consentement à payer (via la méthode d’Heckman)révèle que les ménages sont disposés à payer respectivement environ 0.51 euros et 0.56 eurospar mois par ménage pour une amélioration de la qualité du service d’élimination des déchetsménagers. Les résultats de cette étude empirique sont également mobilisés pour proposer desrecommandations concrètes visant à assurer une plus grande efficacité dans la gestion desdéchets au Vietnam. / This thesis provides an economic analysis of household waste management in Vietnam. Afterstudying the various stakeholders and their fields of competence at the national level, ittargets the urban areas of the country in particular in order to identify the nature of the wasteproduced and the regulation and financing conditions for its management. Furthermore, anassessment of household behavior vis-à-vis the improvement of household waste managementis proposed using a contingent evaluation. Starting from a survey carried out on 416households in the city of Hanoi and 444 households in Ho Chi Minh City, an estimation of thewillingness to pay (using the Heckman method) reveals that households are prepared to payabout 0.51 euros and 0.56 euros per month per household respectively to improve the qualityof service of household waste disposal. The results of this empirical study are also used topropose concrete recommendations aiming to ensure greater efficiency in household wastemanagement in Vietnam.

The process of economic innovation in Vietnam since the late 1980s presented its human resources in the private sector with constant challenges in terms of continuous improvement for operating effectiveness and efficiency. The challenges have been met by substantial investment of resources in business and management training. Returns from this training, however, have not received due attention. The study sets out to examine the reality of acquiring and utilising business and management training in local private businesses in Ho Chi Minh City, the country’s economic centre. In doing so, the study is expected to provide a better understanding of the characteristics of business and management training in Vietnam, and how this human resources development activity assists private businesses in a transitional economy. Based on Kirkpatrick’s evaluation framework, findings of the study revealed not only different approaches to business and management training but also the limited effects of the training on the trainees and private companies. Knowledgemania, or training for the sake of pursuing knowledge, was still very prevalent among the group of ‘Oriental’ companies whilst a more practical approach towards training aimed at meeting explicit business objectives was adopted by companies exposed to Western management practices. The research revealed that among the factors facilitating or hindering learning transfer within the case study companies, the ability to manage the training process and cultural values were the most influential. The research study also introduced two refined frameworks for training evaluation, aimed at small family and larger private businesses respectively. These refined frameworks incorporate not only the spirit of simplicity and practicality of Kirkpatrick’s framework but also relevant contextual factors. These frameworks are, therefore, able to serve as evaluation tools to reveal both training outcomes and spot the opportunities to further improve management of training. The experience and process of developing the frameworks gained in this research may assist future researchers when undertaking training evaluation in other business contexts.

Although finance has been studied for thousands years, behavioral finance which considers the human behaviors in finance is a quite new area. Behavioral finance theories, which are based on the psychology, attempt to understand how emotions and cognitive errors influence individual investors’ behaviors (investors mentioned in this study are refered to individual investors). The main objective of this study is exploring the behavioral factors influencing individual investors’ decisions at the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange. Furthermore, the relations between these factors and investment performance are also examined. As there are limited studies about behavioral finance in Vietnam, this study is  expected to contribute significantly to the development of this field in Vietnam.  The study begins with the existing theories in behavioral  finance, based on which, hypotheses are proposed. Then, these hypotheses are tested  through the questionnaires distributed to individual investors at the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange. The collected data are analyzed by using SPSS and AMOS soft wares. Semi-structured interviews with some managers of the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange are conducted to have deeper understanding of these behaviors. The result shows that there are five behavioral factors affecting the investment decisions of individual investors at the Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange: Herding, Market, Prospect, Overconfidence-gamble’s fallacy, and Anchoring-ability bias. Most of these factors have moderate impacts whereas Market factor has high influence.  This study also tries to find out the correlation between these behavioral factors and investment performance. Among the behavioral factors mentioned above, only three factors are found to influence the Investment Performance: Herding (including buying and selling; choice of trading stocks; volume of trading stocks; speed of herding), Prospect (including loss aversion, regret aversion, and mental accounting), and Heuristic (including overconfidence and gamble’s fallacy). The heuristic behaviors are found to have the highest positive impact on the investment performance while the herding behaviors are reported to influence positively the investment performance at the lower level. In contrast, the prospect behaviors give the negative impact on the investment performance.

Ho Chi Minh-Ville (Saigon) est reconnue universellement en tant que ville historique végétale et hydraulique. Trente ans après le lancement de la politique de Renouveau (1986), elle s’est transformée en une métropole trépidante de plus de 10 millions d’habitants faisant face à une urbanisation accélérée, tant horizontale que verticale. Alors que son centre est métamorphosé par la construction de nombreuses grandes tours résidentielles, commerciales et de bureaux, ses territoires périurbains et ruraux s’urbanisent et se modernisent par le biais des Nouvelles Zones Urbaines (KDTM) construites depuis 1996. Dans cette fabrique spatiale concrète, les interventions des investisseurs et opérateurs privés jouent un rôle déterminant. Ils sont actuellement des acteurs clés des KDTM qu’ils orientent vers un cadre de vie mondialisé en direction des classes aisées. Cependant ces nouveaux quartiers ne correspondent pas toujours à leurs objectifs initiaux, ni même à leurs concepts et à leur communication publicitaire. Cet écart découle en premier lieu d’une gestion urbaine hiératique. Les textes officiels et les plans directeurs sont encore trop peu consolidés, les autorités municipales et locales ne contrôlant dans les faits que difficilement une expansion métropolitaine galopante. A partir de recherches documentaires, cartographiques, photographiques et d’analyses in situ et in vivo, la thèse traite la question centrale des modalités de privatisation des KDTM de 1996 à nos jours. Elle met en lumière les modes opératoires de la production urbaine des acteurs privés ainsi que les effets en retour des KDTM sur les mutations spatiales et sociétales de la grande métropole économique du Vietnam. / Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon) has been universally and historically known as a planted and hydraulic city. Thirty years after the beginning of the Renewal policy (1986), it has become a hectic megalopolis inhabited by more than 10 million people. Moreover, it is facing an accelerated urbanization, which is both horizontal and vertical. While its center is transformed through the construction of many high residential, commercial and office towers, its peri-urban and rural areas are urbanized and modernized thanks to the construction of New Urban Areas (KDTM) whose construction starts from 1996. In this concrete urban fabric, interventions of private investors and operators play an important role. They are currently key developers of KDTMs, who contributes to the development of globalized living environments for the upper class. However these new neighborhoods do not always match their initial purposes, concepts and advertising. First, this gap results in a hieratic urban management. Official texts and master plans are still not accurate, and municipal and local authorities have difficulties to control a quick metropolitan expansion. Based on documentary, cartographic, and photographic research, as well as in situ and in vivo analysis, the thesis looks into the KDTM privatization’s modalities, from 1996 to the present day. It highlights the modes of private actors’ urban production, as well as the impact of KDTMs on the spatial and social changes of the great Vietnamese metropolis.

As a result of the economic reforms that were introduced in Vietnam in 1986, the country has grown economically. However, due to a bias toward development policies which have been mainly concentrated in urban areas, the economic gap between rural and urban areas has rapidly widened over time. More job opportunities and better living conditions in the city, as well as low productivity in agriculture, have caused people to move to the major cities. Consequently, rural to urban migration has become one of the dominant flows of internal migration in the country in recent years. This migration stream not only has increased in scale but also in its complexity. Particularly, the age of the migrants has become younger as many young people, especially females, become involved in this flow. Moreover, this migration flow has become less selective in terms of education as both more and less educated people migrate. Also, not only the rich but the poor take part in this movement. This thesis considers the determinants of moving and the experiences of young migrants to Ho Chi Minh City in terms of their economic, social and cultural adjustment in order to provide deep insights into the lives of young people when they migrate. This thesis has used the migration model of Scharping (1997) as the theoretical framework to investigate the decision to move as well as their living experiences in the city. A multiple method approach has been used to the study as both quantitative and qualitative data were analysed. Quantitative data such as secondary data from censuses and data from large-scale surveys at the national and the city levels and primary data from the author’s survey with 300 young migrants were applied. Qualitative data from 25 in-depth interviews with young migrants, 5 with authorities and 5 with migrant returnees were used in this study, to provide detailed information on migrants’ lives. While the city has attracted a large number of youth from rural areas because of its development advantages, the city’s government has applied policies to limit this flow. Yet, this migration control policy has proved costly and ineffective in restricting the flows of people to the major cities. This policy has created many difficulties for migrants in the city. In addition, low levels of education and limited work skills force many young migrants to work in the informal sector where their human rights are heavily violated. Other young migrants work in cheap intensive-labour factories. Low pay and hard work, but without labour and medical insurance, lead these young migrants to live on the margins of urban society. These findings suggest that if the local people do not accept these migrants, and urban policies make no effort to assistance them, it is impossible for young migrants in the city to be successful in building new lives and careers. Instead of trying to limit rural to urban migration, the national government should put more effort into narrowing the rural-urban gap by improving development in rural areas. More jobs with better pay in rural areas may be the most effective and sustainable way of reducing rural to urban migration flows. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1331422 / Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Adelaide, School of Social Sciences, 2008