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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Som ett slag i magen : en litteraturstudie om våld inom hemsjukvården

Eriksson, Karin, Fantenberg, Linda January 2010 (has links)
Alltfler människor kommer idag i kontakt med hemsjukvården, antingen som personal eller som patient. Det är sedan tidigare känt att våld är ett relativt vanligt förekommande arbetsmiljöproblem inom sjukvården. Utsattheten för våld tros vara större inom hemsjukvården där personalen ofta arbetar ensamma. Syftet med denna studie var att beskriva det våld som vårdpersonalen inom hemsjukvården utsätts för och vilka konsekvenser detta får. För att sammanställa den vetenskapliga forskning som finns inom området genomfördes en deskriptiv litteraturstudie. Tre kategorier utlästes; våldets utseende, förekomsten av våld samt våldets konsekvenser. Under dessa fanns i sin tur sex subkategorier; våldets omfattning, demografiska faktorer som påverkar våldets förekomst, fysiska konsekvenser, psykiska konsekvenser, konsekvenser på arbetsplatsen samt konsekvenser för vården/patienten. Resultatet visade att våldet kan te sig fysiskt eller verbalt och orsaka fysiska skador och psykiska konsekvenser för den utsatte. Detta kan även ge mer långtgående konsekvenser på vårdsituationen. Materialet i denna studie visar på ett begränsat kunskapsläge inom området där även tydliga och gemensamma definitioner saknas. / More and more people get in contact with home care these days, either as personnel or as a patient. Violence is known as a working environmental problem in health care. Exposure to violence is believed to be a bigger problem within home care because of the solitary working conditions in this sector. The aim of this study was to describe violence and the consequences of violence experienced by caregivers within home care. A descriptive literature review concerning the existing scientific research was made. Three categories emerged; kinds of violence, the incidence of violence and the consequences of violence. Attached to these three categories six subcategories was found; the extent of violence, demographic factors affecting the incidence of violence, physical consequences, psychological consequences, consequences on the workplace and care/patient consequenses. The result indicated that two types of violence, physical and verbal, can occur. These sorts of violence may cause physical and psychological harm to the exposed and may even lead to consequences in the caring situation.
12

Vård av patienter i livets slutskede och deras anhöriga : undersköterskors beskrivningar

Högberg, Elisabet, Ringberg, Ann-Christine January 2012 (has links)
Palliative care is founded on a holistic attitude, with the goal to alleviate suffering when a cure is no longer possible. Palliative care affirms life and regards dying as a normal process, providing possibilities of a quality time for the patient and family. Studies show that an increasing number of people choose to live the final phase of their life in their own home. A requirement for end of life care is an effective team work, where the nurse is responsible for more advanced care, and the caregiver’s provides the immediate care. The purpose of this study was to gain insight of caregiver’s experiences with patients in end of life care. An interview was conducted with seven caregivers, where the material is processed by a content analysis with qualitative approach. The results showed that the caregivers were engaged in meeting with dying patients and their families. Three themes emerged: to prioritize, to give and receive support, and to care with dignity. The following conclusions were found; Time and continuity is an essential constituent of the care for patients in palliative care. Caregivers should be given time for support and reflection. Skilled personnel with education and good knowledge of palliative care are needed in the care of palliative patients and their families.
13

“MAN KAN VÄL ÄNDÅ HA NAGELTRÅNG FAST MAN ÄR ALKOHOLIST” : En kvalitativ studie över hemtjänstpersonals arbete med alholmissbrukande äldre

Dahlgren, Stefan, Johan, Janzén January 2018 (has links)
Andelen äldre med alkoholproblem, som också är i behov av omsorg, har de senaste decennierna ökat. Forskning visar på att problematiken kommer fortsätta öka eftersom det finns en mer tillåtande syn på alkohol i samhället idag. Syftet med studien är att undersöka de konsekvenser av alkohol som vårdpersonal identifierar hos de äldre och påverkas av i sitt arbete inom hemtjänsten. Studien baseras på fem semistrukturerade intervjuer gjorda med vårdpersonal som har skiftande yrkeserfarenhet och ålder. Intervjuerna har analyserats med hjälp av kvalitativ innehållsanalys och analysarbetet gjordes under insamlingen av empirin samt under bearbetningen av materialet. Resultatet visar på att det finns en mängd konsekvenser följd av alkoholanvändande som vårdpersonal dagligen identifierar och påverkas av i sitt arbete med äldre inom hemtjänsten. Vad resultatet tydligast visar är att drickandet överlag har ökat, att de äldre missbrukarna ofta har problem i sin kontakt med vården och slutligen den rädsla och oro som vårdpersonal upplever i sitt arbete kring missbrukande vårdtagare.
14

Hemtjänstpersonals kunskaper om munvård hos äldre : En kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie / Homecare staff´s knowledge on oral care among elderly

Eshaq, Maryam, Strömbom, Lina January 2019 (has links)
Bakgrund:  Det senaste seklet har antalet äldre över 65 år ökat stadigt bland den svenska befolkningen. Alltfler av våra äldre bibehåller också sina egna tänder kompletterade med olika protetiska ersättningar.  Ökningen i medelålder såväl som antal tänder innebär ett ökat behov av god förebyggande munvård, vilket innebär att omsorgspersonal erhåller en nyckelroll i att hjälpa dessa äldre individer att bibehålla en god oral hälsa livet ut. Syfte: Att kartlägga vilka kunskaper som finns hos hemtjänstpersonal kring munvård hos äldre. Metod: En kvantitativ tvärsnittsstudie genomfördes med hjälp av en enkät som underlag. Urvalet bestod av hemtjänstpersonal vid fem slumpmässigt utvalda kommunala hemtjänstgrupper och kunskapsnivån graderades efter antalet korrekt angivna svar på enkätens kunskapsfrågor.. Resultat: Av 119 tillfrågade omsorgspersonal valde 95 att delta i studien. Fyra enkäter exkluderades och 91 ifyllda enkäter utgjorde grunden för vidare dataanalys. Bland respondenterna var 66 % undersköterskor, 31 % vårdbiträden och 3 % tillhörde annan yrkeskategori. Majoriteten av respondenterna (54%) hade medelgod kunskap om äldres munvård, 37 % hade låg kunskap och resterande 9% hade en god kunskapsnivå. Slutsats: Studien visar att det finns ett behov hos hemtjänstpersonal av utbildning inom munvård för äldre. Detta för att bidra till bättre allmänhälsa och välbefinnande hos de äldre brukarna. / Background: During the  last century, the number of elderly over the age of 65 has increased  among the Swedish population. Elderly maintain their own teeth with different prosthetic replacements. The increased average age as well as individuals maintain their own teeth longer increase the  need for a good preventive oral care. This will give  the caregivers  a key-role to support the elderly to maintain a good oral health throughout life. Purpose: To study the   caregivers  knowledge  concerning  oral care in elderly. Method: A quantitative cross-sectional study was performed using a questionnaire.. The sample consisted of caregivers in five randomly selected municipal homecare groups and the level of knowledge was graded by the amount of correctly given answers on the questionnaire’s knowledge questions. Result: Of 119 surveyed caregivers, 95 chose to participate in the study. Four questionnaires were excluded and 91 completed questionnaires constituted the basis for further data analysis. Among the caregivers, 66% were assistant nurses, 31% nurse’s assistant and 3% belonged to another profession. Majority of the caregivers(54%) had an average good knowledge about the elderly’s oral care, 37% had low knowledge and the remaining 9% had a good level of knowledge. Conclusion: The study shows that there is a need for an education on oral care among caregivers for the elderly. This is to contribute for a better general health and well-being among the elderly.
15

UMA METODOLOGIA PARA ASSISTIR PACIENTES EM AMBIENTES HOMECARE PERVASIVOS / A METHODOLOGY TO ASSIST PATIENTS IN PERVASIVE HOMECARE ENVIRONMENTS

Freitas, Leandro Oliveira 09 December 2011 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Every year the queues in hospitals publics and privates grows due to, among others, the increasing of the world population and the delay in the patients service. This is a serious problem faced by administrators of hospitals which believe that it is increasingly difficult to offer services of quality to those who search for them. One of the ways to decrease these queues is through the development of homecare systems that allow the patient to receive the clinic treatment directly in his house. The development of these kind of systems would help to decrease the queues and consequently, would improve the attendance of those who goes to the hospitals looking for assistance. Considering this, this work has as main purpose to present the modelling of an architecture of a pervasive system to be applied in homecare environments. The pervasive systems developed from this modelling aim to improve the services provided by healthcare professionals in the treatment of patients that are located in their houses. The architecture proposed by the methodology uses concepts of pervasive computing to provide access to information anytime and wherever the user is, once that a homecare environment has a high level of dynamicity of the envolved. The knowledge representation of the homecare environment needed in the modelling of the architecture is made through ontologies due to the possibility of reuse of the information stored, as well as the interoperability of information among different computational devices. To validate the proposed methodology, we present two use cases, which are also used to demonstrate the workflow of the pervasive system of homecare. / A cada ano que passa as filas de hospitais públicos e privados crescem devido, entre outros fatores, ao aumento da população mundial e a demora no atendimento de pacientes. Este é um problema sério enfrentado por administradores de hospitais os quais acreditam ser cada vez mais difícil oferecer um serviço de qualidade a quem os procura. Uma das formas de diminuir estas filas é através do desenvolvimento de sistemas de homecare que possibilitam que o paciente receba um tratamento clínico diretamente em sua casa. O desenvolvimento de sistemas deste tipo ajudaria a diminuir as filas e, consequentemente, iria melhorar o atendimento daqueles que forem até os hospitais a procura de auxílio. Considerando isto, este trabalho tem como objetivo principal apresentar uma modelagem para uma arquitetura de um sistema pervasivo para ser aplicado em ambientes de homecare. Os sistemas pervasivos desenvolvidos a partir desta modelagem visam o aprimoramento dos serviços prestados por profissionais da saúde no tratamento de pacientes que encontram-se em suas casas. A metodologia proposta apresenta uma arquitetura que utiliza conceitos de computação pervasiva possibilitando acesso à informação a qualquer hora e independente do lugar onde estejam, uma vez que um ambiente homacare possui um alto grau de dinamicidade dos envolvidos. A representação do conhecimento existente no ambiente homecare necessária para a modelagem da arquitetura é feita através de ontologias devido possibilidadde de reuso das informações ali armazenadas, bem como a interoperabilidade de informações entre diferentes dispositivos computacionais. Para validação da metodologia proposta, são apresentados dois casos de estudos, os quais também são utilizados para demonstração do fluxo de funcionamento do sistema pervasivo de homecare.
16

Palliativ vård i hemmet : Närståendes erfarenheter - En litteraturbaserad studie / Palliative home care : Next of kins experiences - A literature based study

Barrsten, Petra, Malmborg, Johanna January 2015 (has links)
Bakgrund: Palliativ vård bygger på ett förhållningsätt som innebär att öka livskvalitén för både patienten och dess närstående. Palliativ vård handlar om god symtom kontroll och lindring. Den palliativa vården i hemmet lägger stort ansvar på de närstående, inte bara när det kommer till kontrollera symtomen men att organisera vården för patienten 24 timmar/dygnet. Sjuksköterskan måste se patienten och närståendes livssituation för att ge bra stöd i hemmet. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att belysa närståendes erfarenheter av att vårda den sjuke palliativt i hemmet. Metod: Som metod valdes en litteraturbaserad studie. Datamaterialet bestod av nio kvalitativa vetenskapliga artiklar. Resultat: Tre kategorier identifierades såsom: Ny roll, behov av hjälp från kunniga och behålla det egna livet med sex underkategorier. Närståendes erfarenheter, att ha ett stort ansvar är svårt och krävande men även meningsfullt. Brist på stöd från sjukvården påverkar närståendes förmåga att vårda den sjuke. Slutsats: När närstående vårdar den sjuke i hemmet är tiden både tung och meningsfull. Det beror på vilket stöd och information de får från sjuksköterskorna samt om de själva får möjligheten att distansera sig till vårdandet för att behålla det egna livet.
17

Raisonnement clinique de l’ergothérapeute en milieu communautaire : rôle de la dimension institutionnelle des contextes sociétal et de pratique / Community occupational therapists’ clinical reasoning: involvement of the institutionnal dimension of the societal and practice contexts

Carrier, Annie January 2015 (has links)
Résumé : Le raisonnement clinique (RC) de l’ergothérapeute en milieu communautaire s’opère dans des contextes en constante évolution. Parmi ces contextes, la dimension institutionnelle (DI) comprend les aspects légaux et règlementaires, administratifs et organisationnels, dont le processus d’optimisation de la performance. Ce processus vise à accroître l’efficience des services ergothérapiques de soutien à domicile (SAD) offerts par les Centres de santé et de services sociaux (CSSS). Or, les aspects précis de la DI, incluant l’optimisation de la performance, impliqués dans le RC et leur rôle exact dans le choix des interventions ergothérapiques sont peu connus. Cette étude visait à : (1) décrire le RC des ergothérapeutes en milieu communautaire, (2) décrire les aspects de la DI impliqués dans leur RC, et (3) explorer comment la reddition de compte et l’optimisation de la performance y sont impliqués. Une ethnographie institutionnelle (EI) a été réalisée auprès de dix ergothérapeutes recrutés dans trois CSSS québécois. Des observations et des entretiens semi-dirigés ont été conduits avec ces ergothérapeutes et 12 informateurs-clés secondaires (collègues et gestionnaires). Les documents accessibles et utilisés par ces ergothérapeutes ont également été collectés. Toutes les données ont été analysées et interprétées à l’aide du processus analytique de l’EI. Les résultats montrent d’abord que le RC des ergothérapeutes prend en considération 13 aspects de la DI. Ces aspects modulent comment les ergothérapeutes formulent le problème, envisagent les solutions et prennent les décisions (obj. 1). Ensuite, le RC des ergothérapeutes considère quasi constamment trois aspects administratifs et deux organisationnels de la DI (obj. 2). Les aspects administratifs sont : les procédures institutionnelles; l’offre de services de l’établissement; et la continuité de services. Les aspects organisationnels sont : les interventions attendues de l’ergothérapeute (mandat) et les délais d’accès aux services. Enfin, le RC des ergothérapeutes inclut une préoccupation constante quant à leur performance (obj. 3) qui restreint le temps et le suivi alloués à chaque client. Leurs évaluations et leurs interventions se limitent souvent au seul motif de référence, généralement l’autonomie dans les soins personnels et la mobilité, sauf si la sécurité du client est menacée. Cette étude offre une compréhension approfondie du rôle de la DI et, spécifiquement, du processus d’optimisation de la performance, dans le RC des ergothérapeutes en milieu communautaire. La préoccupation de la performance implique une réduction de l’étendue de l’action des ergothérapeutes. Ainsi, l’exercice de leur autonomie professionnelle, le droit d’accès aux services des clients et l’atteinte des objectifs du système de santé sont compromis. / Abstract : Community occupational therapists’ clinical reasoning (CR) takes place in constantly evolving contexts. The institutional dimension (ID) of these contexts includes legal and regulatory, administrative and organizational elements, including performance optimization processes. Such processes aim at increasing the efficiency of Health and Social Services Centers (HSSC) homecare occupational therapy services. However, the particular elements of ID involved in CR, including performance optimization, and how they are involved in the choice of occupational therapy interventions, remain unknown. This study aimed to: (1) describe the CR of community occupational therapists; (2) describe the elements of the ID involved; and (3) explore how accountability processes and performance optimization are involved. An institutional ethnography (IE) inquiry was conducted with ten occupational therapists in three Health and Social Services Centres (HSSCs) in Québec. Observations and semi-structured interviews were conducted with these occupational therapists and 12 secondary key informants (colleagues and managers). Documents accessible to and used by occupational therapists were also collected and analyzed with a data extraction grid. All data were analyzed and interpreted using the IE process. The findings revealed that the CR of community occupational therapists considers 13 elements of the ID. These elements modulate how occupational therapists formulate the problem, consider the solutions and make decisions (obj. 1). Second, the CR of participants almost constantly involves three administrative and two organizational elements of the ID (obj. 2). Administrative elements include: institutional procedures, the HSSC’s services offer, and the continuity of services. Organizational elements include: the expected response of the occupational therapist (mandate) and delays in access to services. Third, the occupational therapists’ CR includes a constant preoccupation about their performance (obj. 3), which restricts the time and follow-up allocated to each client. The clinicians’ assessments and their interventions are often limited to the object of referral, which is usually about autonomy in personal care and mobility, unless the client’s safety is threatened. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the involvement of ID and, specifically, the performance optimization process, in the CR of community occupational therapists. The performance preoccupation is associated with a reduction in occupational therapists’ range of actions. Therefore, their capacity to be truly autonomous, the clients’ access to services as well as the fulfilment of the healthcare system’s objectives are compromised.
18

"A assistência domiciliária odontológica sob a perspectiva da bioética personalista" / The odontological homecare seen under personalist bioethic’s perspectives

Jorge, Marcia Delbon 12 July 2006 (has links)
O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os variados aspectos que envolvem o serviço de atendimento domiciliário odontológico, especialmente aqueles relacionados à humanização da relação profissional-paciente, ao respeito à dignidade humana quando do exercício da profissão que não em ambiente hospitalar e, ainda, os aspectos éticos relacionados a esse tipo de atividade. Ressalte-se que a presente análise não se limita a explicitar as características do serviço de atendimento domiciliário odontológico, mas dedica-se, ainda, a refletir acerca de questões bioéticas que surgem quando do exercício dessa atividade. E vai um pouco mais além, na medida em que enfoca essas questões sob a óptica do modelo personalista de bioética, que adota como ponto de partida de reflexão o ser humano enquanto pessoa única em corpo e espírito, um ser considerado na sua totalidade, pois ao mesmo tempo em que somos tão diferentes uns dos outros, somos iguais nos nossos desejos e anseios mais primitivos: viver e ser feliz. / The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze some of the aspects related to the odontological homecare program, specially those related to humanization of the relations between doctor and his patients, the respect to human dignity principle when dealing with a patient in non-hospital place, such as his home, and, also, the ethics aspects related to this kind of job. It is also important to mention that this whole analysis is also dedicated to study and reflect about some important bioethics issues related to the odontological homecare program, always having in mind that every Human Being is unique, as a body, a spirit, and as a person, as thought by personalist bioethics. At the same time we, all human beings, are so different from each other, but also so similar especially concerning our most primitive desires and hopes: To live and to be happy.
19

Sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att leda omvårdnad för personer med ventilatorbehandling via trakeostomi : inom kommunal hemsjukvård / Nurses' experiences of nursing leadership for people with invasive ventilator treatment : in community home care.

Möller, Ann-Katrin, Larsen, Maria January 2018 (has links)
Background: More and more people in need of hospital care can today be cared for in their homes. This has led to that more and more people nowadays can be treated with an invasive mechanical ventilator in their homes. This fact has placed great demands on the nurse who is responsible for and leads nursing.  Aim: The aim was to describe nurses’ experiences of nursing leadership in community home care for people with invasive ventilator treatment. Method: The study had a qualitative approach. Eight nurses and two district nurses working in community home care in two different municipalities participated in the study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analysed by qualitative content analysis. Results: Three categories and nine subcategories emerged. The first category; Equip oneself and the nursing staff for the task, with the subcategories; Creating a feeling of safety and Tutoring nursing staff. The second category; Lead the nursing in someone's home is a balance, with the subcategories; Not given access from the patient and Involving the patient and close associates. The third category; A complex challenge for the nurse, with the subcategories; Big responsibility to delegate, Lead nursing staff are time consuming, Lack in organizational conditions; Keep in mind all threads and Not feeling safe.  Conclusion: For the nurse it is a complex task to lead in nursing leadership in community home care for people with invasive ventilator treatment. Important requirements are placed on the nurse’s knowledge and skills. Lacks are found in organizational conditions. / Idag har allt fler personer som tidigare behövde sjukhusvård möjlighet att vårdas i sina hem, även då de är beroende av avancerad teknik. Detta ställer ökade krav på sjuksköterskors kompetens i hemsjukvård. I den här studien var avsikten att undersöka sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att leda omvårdnad i kommunal hemsjukvård för personer med ventilatorvård via trakeostomi. Intervjuer gjordes med 10 sjuksköterskor vilka ansvarar för vården av personer med behov av andningshjälp via ventilator i hemmet. Vid intervjuerna efterfrågades sjuksköterskornas erfarenheter av att leda omvårdnad för dessa personer. Ur analys av intervjuerna framkom att sjuksköterskorna tyckte att det var en utmanande uppgift att leda omvårdnad för dessa personer. En stor och tidskrävande uppgift som sjuksköterskorna ansvarar för är att lära den övriga personalen som hjälper personen i hemmet att sköta omvårdnad och teknisk utrustning så som ventilator. Sjuksköterskorna upplevde att de fick för lite stöd från sjukhusets sida och från sin arbetsgivare. Många av sjuksköterskorna tyckte att de själva hade för lite praktisk erfarenhet av att sköta den tekniska utrustningen vilket försvårade i uppgiften att leda omvårdnad. Det skiljer sig mycket mellan vård på sjukhus och i hemmet. I hemmet var sjuksköterskorna ofta mer ensamma i sina beslut. Det fanns ingen annan i närheten att fråga. Många av sjuksköterskorna upplevde att det var roligt och utvecklande att leda omvårdnad för dessa personer med stora vårdbehov. De ansåg dock att denna typ av avancerad vård behöver organiseras bättre för att sjuksköterskorna ska kunna utföra sina arbetsuppgifter på ett tryggt och säkert sätt. Det som idag anses problematiskt behöver ses över. Detta eftersom det troligtvis kommer behövas ännu mer av denna typ av avancerad vård i hemmen i framtiden, då allt fler svårt sjuka har möjlighet att få vård i sina hem. Genom studien framkom viktig kunskap för att kunna fördela resurser och planera för en välfungerande organisation, god kompetens och säkerhet i vården. Kunskaper som chefer och politiker, vilka har beslutsfattande position skulle kunna ha användning av. Utifrån denna studies resultat kan förbättringsområden identifieras och motivera till förändringsarbete i verksamheter där denna typ av vård förekommer.
20

"A assistência domiciliária odontológica sob a perspectiva da bioética personalista" / The odontological homecare seen under personalist bioethic’s perspectives

Marcia Delbon Jorge 12 July 2006 (has links)
O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar os variados aspectos que envolvem o serviço de atendimento domiciliário odontológico, especialmente aqueles relacionados à humanização da relação profissional-paciente, ao respeito à dignidade humana quando do exercício da profissão que não em ambiente hospitalar e, ainda, os aspectos éticos relacionados a esse tipo de atividade. Ressalte-se que a presente análise não se limita a explicitar as características do serviço de atendimento domiciliário odontológico, mas dedica-se, ainda, a refletir acerca de questões bioéticas que surgem quando do exercício dessa atividade. E vai um pouco mais além, na medida em que enfoca essas questões sob a óptica do modelo personalista de bioética, que adota como ponto de partida de reflexão o ser humano enquanto pessoa única em corpo e espírito, um ser considerado na sua totalidade, pois ao mesmo tempo em que somos tão diferentes uns dos outros, somos iguais nos nossos desejos e anseios mais primitivos: viver e ser feliz. / The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze some of the aspects related to the odontological homecare program, specially those related to humanization of the relations between doctor and his patients, the respect to human dignity principle when dealing with a patient in non-hospital place, such as his home, and, also, the ethics aspects related to this kind of job. It is also important to mention that this whole analysis is also dedicated to study and reflect about some important bioethics issues related to the odontological homecare program, always having in mind that every Human Being is unique, as a body, a spirit, and as a person, as thought by personalist bioethics. At the same time we, all human beings, are so different from each other, but also so similar especially concerning our most primitive desires and hopes: To live and to be happy.

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