Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:48:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiza Betina Petroll Rodrigues.pdf: 1199769 bytes, checksum: 8deb5f2d38e3d60fdc31fd3e68e43fe0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-05-15 / This work aims at analysing the evolution of brazilian housing finance in the light of existing literature and models adopted by other countries, to check the potential of housing credit growth in the next years. The main conclusions of this work are two. First, recent macroeconomic stability and important institutional change created a favourable scenario for housing credit growth, despite the fact that there are still important questions to be addressed specially juridical security. Secondly, even if these questions are solved and that housing credit becomes significantly cheaper than it is today, it will not be able to solve, alone, the problem of housing deficit. This problem requires extra effort in the form of subsidies, and, for extremely poor families, housing finance in the usual sense may not be the best answer / Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar a evolução do financiamento habitacional brasileiro à luz da literatura existente e de modelos já adotados por outros países, a fim de verificar o potencial de crescimento do crédito habitacional no país nos próximos anos. As principais conclusões deste trabalho são duas. Primeiro, a recente estabilidade macroeconômica e algumas importantes mudanças institucionais criaram um cenário propício para o crescimento do crédito habitacional, ainda que persistam importantes questões a serem resolvidas, principalmente em termos de insegurança jurídica. Em segundo lugar, ainda que estas questões sejam resolvidas e que o crédito se torne significativamente mais barato que é hoje, ele não será capaz de resolver, sozinho, a questão do déficit habitacional. É necessário um aporte significativo de recursos públicos, e, para segmentos de renda extremamente baixos, é possível que o crédito habitacional não seja a melhor solução

Submitted by Luciana Sebin (lusebin@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-21T12:18:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCJ.pdf: 7358878 bytes, checksum: d5c140e165f70c0953ba0b38474b9bbe (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-23T18:20:24Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCJ.pdf: 7358878 bytes, checksum: d5c140e165f70c0953ba0b38474b9bbe (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-09-23T18:20:27Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCJ.pdf: 7358878 bytes, checksum: d5c140e165f70c0953ba0b38474b9bbe (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-23T18:20:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCJ.pdf: 7358878 bytes, checksum: d5c140e165f70c0953ba0b38474b9bbe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-06-11 / Não recebi financiamento / Since 1998 it has increased the number of Community Development Banks, there are currently more than 100 operating in the country. They are a recent phenomenon and there are few studies on the cumulative impacts of this initiative in its service territory. In addition is relevant to quote the coordination and community mobilization, promotion of social currency, cultural activities, environment, health and education. These banks work with credit services, most of the time with productive credit lines and consumption, some banks proffer housing credit for renovation, expansion and even production of new housing with the self technical advice. This dissertation will examine in particular the relationship of housing production through the housing microfinance promoting by Banco Bem, Vitória -ES, and the development of its territory, with the guiding hypothesis that the Community Development Banks, in particular the Banco Bem, promote Territorial Development with its housing microcredit and free technical advice to the self, allowing housing improvements, fostering trade in materials and services in the chain of housing production and through community organization and mobilization due to the Local Development Forum. Thus is an initiative more suited to the reality of substandard clusters and potential guideline / model for Public Policy Housing in these territories. In this context, the research aims to examine the relationship between the Housing Credit via Community Development Bank, housing production, technical advice for self, Territorial Development and its dialogues with the Public Policy. / Desde de 1998 vem crescendo o número de Bancos Comunitários de Desenvolvimento, atualmente existem mais de 100 atuando no território nacional, são um fenômeno recente e existem poucos estudos acumulados sobre os impactos desta iniciativa em seu território de atuação. Além de articulação e mobilização comunitária, fomento de moedas sociais, ações de cultura, meio ambiente, saúde e educação, estes bancos trabalham com serviços de crédito, na maioria das vezes com as linhas de crédito produtivos e consumo, alguns bancos ofertam o crédito habitacional para reforma, ampliação e até produção de novas habitações com assessoramento técnico a autoconstrução. O presente trabalho analisará em específico as relações da produção habitacional por meio do microcrédito habitacional do Banco Bem, de Vitória-ES, e o desenvolvimento do seu território, com a hipótese norteadora de que os Bancos Comunitários de Desenvolvimento, em particular o Banco Bem, promovem o Desenvolvimento Territorial com seus microcréditos habitacionais e assessoria técnica gratuita à autoconstrução, viabilizando melhorias habitacionais, fomentando o comércio de materiais e serviços na cadeia da produção da habitação e por meio da organização e mobilização comunitária decorrente do Fórum de Desenvolvimento Local, sendo uma iniciativa mais adequada a realidade dos aglomerados subnormais e potencial diretriz/modelo para Política Pública Habitacional nesses territórios. Neste contexto a pesquisa tem como objetivo examinar as relações existentes entre o Crédito Habitacional via Banco Comunitário de Desenvolvimento, produção de habitação, assessoria técnica para autoconstrução, Desenvolvimento Territorial e seus diálogos com as Políticas Públicas.

Cette thèse est composée de trois articles d’économie bancaire empirique. Le premier article traite de l’impact des conditions d’octroi de crédit sur l’accession à la propriété et les prix immobilier. Il propose une stratégie d’identification d’effets de causalité utilisant la politique du Prêt à Taux Zéro. Il conclut qu’un relâchement des conditions d’octroi de crédit permet à des ménages au revenu relativement plus faible de devenir propriétaire mais augmente significativement les prix immobilier. Le second article traite de l’effet des exigences en capital sur l’octroi de crédit des banques aux sociétés non financières. Il isole la composante des exigences en capital exogène aux conditions macroéconomiques grâce au système de notation du superviseur bancaire français. Il montre que les mesures de la qualité de la gouvernance et de la stratégie des établissements sont des contributeurs importants aux exigences en capital. En traçant l’effet de celles-ci sur les ratios de capital des établissements puis sur l’octroi de crédit, il montre qu’augmenter les exigences en capital réduit l’offre de crédit. Le troisième article analyse la prise en compte du risque de crédit sur le marché interbancaire européen entre 2011 et 2015 et comment celle-ci est modifiée par les ajustements de la politique monétaire sur la période. Il se concentre sur le risque inhérent à la détention d’actifs situés dans les pays périphériques de la zone euro. Il montre que l’accès au marché et les taux d’intérêt payés par les emprunteurs réagissent à cette détention. La nature et l’importance de cette réaction dépendent des interventions de politique monétaire. / This thesis is made up of three empirical essays in banking economics. The first paper analyses how credit supply conditions impact access to homeownership and real estate prices.We propose an identification strategy of causal effects based on the French Interest-Free Loan policy. We find loosenning credit conditions allows households with a relatively lower income to access homeownership but significantly increases real estate prices. The second paper looks for the effect of capital requirements on credit supply to non-financial companies.We identify movements in capital requirements exogenous to the macroeconomic environment thanks to the French banking supervisor rating system. We show governance and strategy quality measures significantly contribute to capital requirements setting. Followingtheir effects onto banks capital ratios and credit supply, we show raising capital requirementsreduces credit. The third article analyses credit risk management on the European interbankmarket between 2011 and 2015 and how it is modified by monetary policy adjustments overthe period. We focus on credit risk associated with holdings of assets located in peripheral Europe countries. We show market access and interest rates served to borrowers react to their holdings of such assets. The direction and size of this reaction depends on monetary policy interventions.