Syfte: Syftet med denna kvalitativa studie var att studera attityder och erfarenheter om munhygien hos en grupp vuxna med utländsk bakgrund i Sverige. Material och Metod: Intervjuer utfördes med tio informanter på en SFI-utbildning i Sverige. En frågeguide med öppna frågor användes. Intervjuerna utfördes på svenska och engelska. Resultat: Det visade sig att det fanns ett antal bidragande faktorer till informanternas attityder och erfarenheter kring munhygien. Dessa faktorer/subkategorier ingick under fem huvudkategorier. Huvudkategorierna var hälsomedvetenhet, motivation, social påverkan, pris och munhygienrutiner. Informanterna ansåg att det var svårt att bryta gamla vanor. De var vana vid att använda både tandborste och Miswak, men de var inte vana vid approximal rengöring. Slutsatser: Tandvårdspersonal bör vara lyhörd för vad migranter kan och tycker, men även kunna delge inflyttande information om svenska tandvårdskulturen på ett bra sätt. / The aim: The aim of this qualitative study was to study the attitudes and experiences about oral care in a group of adults with a foreign background in Sweden. Method: Interviews were conducted with ten informants on a SFI training in Sweden. An interview guide with open questions was used. The interviews were conducted in Swedish and English. Results: There were a number of contributing factors to the informants’ knowledge, attitudes and experiences regarding oral hygiene. These factors were termed as subcategories and were listed below five main categories. The main categories were health awareness, motivation, social influence, prices and oral hygiene practices. The informants felt that it was difficult to break old habits. They were accustomed to using both toothbrush and Miswak, but not inter dental cleaning aids. Conclusions Dental professionals should be sensitive to the knowledge and the capabilities of migrants but also be able to convey the Swedish dental culture in a good way.

Introduktion: En god tandhälsa innebär att tänderna och munhålan är fria från smärtaeller obehag, samt att det finns en god tuggfunktion. Tandhälsa är en del av denallmänna hälsan och bidrar till välbefinnande hos människor. Syftet med studien var att undersöka kunskaper om tandhälsa och munhygienvanorhos 16-19- åringar med invandrarbakgrund. Ett ytterligare syfte var att undersökaderas uppfattningar om munhälsa. Material och metod: Studien är empirisk och kvantitativ och utfördes medanvändning av en enkät. Datainsamlingen gjordes vid tre gymnasieskolor i södraSverige. Två klasser från varje gymnasieskola valdes ut som hade högt antal elevermed invandrarbakgrund. Av 90 elever med invandrarbakgrund inkluderades 87 (97%) elever i studien. Resultat: Eleverna hade goda kunskaper om munhygienvanor. De flesta användetandborste och tandkräm två gånger dagligen. De hade de goda kunskaper om karies.Däremot visade de brist på kunskap om fluor och gingivit. De flesta av elevernatyckte att tandhälsan var viktig för dem. Slutsats: Eleverna uppgav ganska goda munhygienvanor. När det gäller kunskaperom tandhälsa fanns goda kunskaper vad som orsakar karies men inte gingivit. / Introduction: A good dental health can be defined as the teeth and oral cavity is free from pain and discomfort. Dental health is a part of the general and is related to the quality of life. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess knowledge in dental health and oral hygiene among 16-19-year-old immigrant-students. The student’s perception of oral health is also assessed. Materials and methods: This study is quantitative and is conducted with a questionnaire. Data was collected at three high schools in the South of Sweden. Two classes with students with immigrant origins were selected. Out of 90 participated 87 (97 %) were included in the study. Result: Results showed that the students had a good knowledge in oral hygiene habits. Most of them used a tooth brush and tooth paste twice a day. They also had a good knowledge in dental caries. However, there was a lack of knowledge about fluoride and gingivitis. Most of the students thought that the dental health was of importance. Conclusion: The participated had good oral hygiene habits. They had good knowledge about dental caries, but not about gingivitis.

This study sought to identify the level of oral health literacy held by people who live in transitional and distressed Kentucky Appalachian areas and if this effects how often they are using oral hygiene techniques. Data were also collected to describe the attitudes Kentucky Appalachian adults hold toward oral hygiene and oral health status. Current documentation shows that poor oral health remains a public health threat in this population despite efforts such as school-based sealant programs and increased dental insurance coverage. This study followed a quantitative design and 99 participants were polled using a survey specifically developed for this study's use. Composite median scores and Spearman's correlation values established the existence of a low oral health literacy level across the participant pool, an also documented that oral hygiene techniques are not used in frequencies recommended for proper oral health. A poor self-efficacy towards the ability to utilize these techniques properly was also identified. Using the Mann-Whitney U test, responses were compared based on county designation and few significant differences were found. These findings show that oral health status and related beliefs are similar across the region and not just isolated to the economically poorest areas as the currently available literature suggests. Applying the health belief model it is predicted that Kentucky Appalachians are unlikely to adopt proper oral hygiene habits until their self-efficacy is improved. A recommendation of this study is that public health officials should promote personal control when designing public health programs geared towards improving the oral health status of this population. To do so would introduce a positive social change in that people with good oral health are less likely to experience the pain, malnutrition, and negative social stigma that is associated with poor oral health.

Objetivo: Comparar hábitos de higiene bucal, visitas al dentista y hábitos dietéticos entre alumnos de odontología y los de ingeniería de gestión minera en una universidad peruana privada en el año 2020. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal, se obtuvo una muestra conformada por 169 alumnos, 112 de odontología y 57 de ingeniería de gestión minera de 18 a 35 años. Se utilizó un cuestionario virtual de 37 ítems, para la recolección de datos. Se utilizó la prueba de Chi cuadrado y prueba exacta de Fisher para la comparación entre las variables independientes y covariables con la variable principal. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias en 16 de 33 hábitos de salud oral. El 28% de los alumnos de Ingeniería de Gestión Minera no van al dentista, mientras que solo el 1.8% en Odontología. Además, se halló que la mayoría de los estudiantes de Odontología indicaron haber sido instruidos por un dentista en la enseñanza del cepillado dental (55.4%), hilo dental (88.4%) y tabletas reveladoras (93.8%), mientras que la mayoría de los estudiantes de Ingeniería de Gestión Minera (77.2%, 52.9% y 100% respectivamente) indicaron haber sido instruidos por un familiar. Solo el 3.5% de los de Ingeniería de Gestión Minera tuvo conocimiento respecto a las tabletas reveladoras, a diferencia de 97.3% en el grupo de Odontología. Conclusiones: Se halló diferencias entre los hábitos de higiene bucal, visitas al dentista y hábitos dietéticos analizados en este estudio entre los alumnos de Odontología y los de Ingeniería de Gestión Minera. / Objective: To compare oral hygiene habits, visits to the dentist and dietary habits between dental students and mining management engineering students at a private Peruvian university in the year 2020. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional and descriptive study, a sample of 169 students was obtained, 112 dental students and 57 mining management engineering students between 18 and 35 years of age. A virtual questionnaire of 37 items was used for data collection. The Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare the independent variables and co-variables with the main variable. Results: Differences were found in 16 out of 33 oral health habits. Twenty-eight percent of the students in Mining Management Engineering do not go to the dentist, while only 1.8% in Dentistry. In addition, it was found that the majority of Dentistry students indicated having been instructed by a dentist in the teaching of tooth brushing (55.4%), dental floss (88.4%) and disclosing tablets (93.8%), while the majority of Mining Management Engineering students (77.2%, 52.9% and 100% respectively) indicated having been instructed by a family member. Only 3.5% of those in Mining Management Engineering had knowledge regarding the disclosing tablets, as opposed to 97.3% in the Dentistry group. Conclusions: Differences were found between the oral hygiene habits, dental visits and dietary habits analyzed in this study between the students of Dentistry and those of Mining Management Engineering. / Tesis

Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre la dieta vegana y la autopercepción del estado periodontal en la población vegana de Lima Metropolitana, Perú.  Materiales y Métodos: Un total de 240 personas (120 veganas y 120 no veganos) fueron encuestadas en este estudio durante los meses de agosto a diciembre del año 2020 de manera virtual. Para evaluar la autopercepción del estado periodontal y hábitos de higiene oral se utilizó el autoreporte de enfermedad periodontal, el cual se encuentra validado con un alfa de cronbach de 0.77. Además, se evaluaron otras variables como la edad, sexo, nivel socioeconómico, grado de estudio, consumo de tabaco. Se utilizó la regresión de Poisson con estimador robusto de varianza para la asociación de las variables y se reportaron razones de prevalencia en un modelo crudo y ajustado. El nivel de confianza fue al 95% y el de significancia fue de p <0.05. Resultado: Se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la apariencia de encías rojizas y/o hinchadas (RP=0.67; IC 95%:0.25-0.54) y la mala percepción del estado de las encías (RP=0.43; IC 95%:0.33-0.56) con la dieta vegana. Por último, para la dimensión de sangrado de encías durante el cepillado no se observó diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las personas veganas y no veganas.  Conclusiones: Se encontró asociación entre la dieta vegana con las dimesiones apariencia de encías rojizas y/o hinchadas y mala percepción del estado de las encías de la autopercepción del estado periodontal. / Objective: To determine the association between vegan diet and self-perceived periodontal status in the vegan population of Lima Metropolitan, Peru.  Materials and Methods: A total of 240 people (120 vegans and 120 non-vegans) were surveyed in this study during the months of August to December 2020 in virtually way. To evaluate the self-perception of periodontal status and oral hygiene habits, the self-report of periodontal disease was used, which is validated with a cronbach's alpha of 0.77. In addition, other variables such as age, sex, socioeconomic level, educational level, and tobacco consumption were evaluated. . Poisson regression with robust variance estimator was used both for the association of the variables and prevalence ratios were reported in a crude and adjusted model. The confidence level was 95% and the significance level was p <0.05. Result: A statistically significant association was found between the appearance of reddish and / or swollen gums (PR = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.25-0.54) and poor perception of the state of the gums (PR = 0.43; 95% CI: 0.33-0.56) with the vegan diet. Finally, for the gum bleeding dimension during brushing, no statistically significant differences were observed between vegans and non-vegans. Conclusions: An association was found between the vegan diet with the appearance of reddish and / or swollen gums and poor perception of the state of the gums of the self-perception of the periodontal state. / Tesis