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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
401

Bayesian analysis of hierarchical IRT models comparing and combining the unidimensional & multi-unidimensional IRT models /

Sheng, Yanyan, January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2005. / The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (July 19, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
402

Controlling Type 1 errors in moderated multiple regression an application of item response theory for applied psychological research /

Morse, Brendan J. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Ohio University, August, 2009. / Title from PDF t.p. Includes bibliographical references.
403

Sample Size and Test Length Minima for DIMTEST with Conditional Covariance -Based Subtest Selection

January 2012 (has links)
abstract: The existing minima for sample size and test length recommendations for DIMTEST (750 examinees and 25 items) are tied to features of the procedure that are no longer in use. The current version of DIMTEST uses a bootstrapping procedure to remove bias from the test statistic and is packaged with a conditional covariance-based procedure called ATFIND for partitioning test items. Key factors such as sample size, test length, test structure, the correlation between dimensions, and strength of dependence were manipulated in a Monte Carlo study to assess the effectiveness of the current version of DIMTEST with fewer examinees and items. In addition, the DETECT program was also used to partition test items; a second feature of this study also compared the structure of test partitions obtained with ATFIND and DETECT in a number of ways. With some exceptions, the performance of DIMTEST was quite conservative in unidimensional conditions. The performance of DIMTEST in multidimensional conditions depended on each of the manipulated factors, and did suggest that the minima of sample size and test length can be made lower for some conditions. In terms of partitioning test items in unidimensional conditions, DETECT tended to produce longer assessment subtests than ATFIND in turn yielding different test partitions. In multidimensional conditions, test partitions became more similar and were more accurate with increased sample size, for factorially simple data, greater strength of dependence, and a decreased correlation between dimensions. Recommendations for sample size and test length minima are provided along with suggestions for future research. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.A. Educational Psychology 2012
404

Analys av en Aluminiumprofils Flödesväg : Reducerad Kapitalbindning och Kapitalkostnad på Profilgruppen Extrusions AB

Wennberg, Johannes, Mlivic, Ajdin, Melgén, Ville January 2018 (has links)
This bachelor thesis was composed by the initiative of a large aluminium profile producer in southern Sweden. Together, the authors and the company analyzed and mapped the current production flow of a selected item. The lead time and total output for a selected article was determined in order to examine the possibility of reducing the amount of tied up capital and related costs. Findings showed that reducing tied up capital and associated costs could be done through adjustment of production layout, production efficiency as well as alterations of produced quantities. By combining these three proposals for improvement, an overall recommendation for future course of action for the company was composed. / Bakgrund: Det problem som utgör grunden för uppsatsen är förankrat i ProfilGruppens osäkerhet gällande vart i en artikels flödesväg kapitalbindning uppstår. Flödesvägar anses kunna ha onödiga delprocesser, samtidigt som använd lager- samt produktionskvantitet inte är teoretiskt förankrad. Potentiellt skulle kapitalbindning och kapitalkostnad kunna reduceras genom analys av dessa aspekter.   Syfte: Uppsatsens syfte är att utreda förbättringsmöjligheter i termer av reducerad kapitalbindning och kapitalkostnad inom en typartikels flödesväg.   Metod: Studien följer en kombination av de kvalitativa och kvantitativa forskningsstrategierna. Arbetet präglas av ett positivistiskt synsätt, eftersom målet är att nå en kvantitativ reduktion av företagets kostnader. Samtidigt är uppsatsen en fallstudie, en design tätt kopplad till kvalitativ forskning. Studien utmärks av ett ständig förhållande till teoretisk relevans, i syfte att kunna applicera genomförd analys på andra företag försatta i liknande situation.    Slutsats: Forskningens resultat visar att tre av de fyra analyserade förbättringsförslagen är av intresse att implementera i företagets verksamhet. Genom att kombinera samtliga förslag till en sammanställd rekommendation presenteras en övergripande framtida handlingsplan för ProfilGruppen att vidta.
405

Algorithms for assessing the quality and difficulty of multiple choice exam questions

Luger, Sarah Kaitlin Kelly January 2016 (has links)
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) have long been the backbone of standardized testing in academia and industry. Correspondingly, there is a constant need for the authors of MCQs to write and refine new questions for new versions of standardized tests as well as to support measuring performance in the emerging massive open online courses, (MOOCs). Research that explores what makes a question difficult, or what questions distinguish higher-performing students from lower-performing students can aid in the creation of the next generation of teaching and evaluation tools. In the automated MCQ answering component of this thesis, algorithms query for definitions of scientific terms, process the returned web results, and compare the returned definitions to the original definition in the MCQ. This automated method for answering questions is then augmented with a model, based on human performance data from crowdsourced question sets, for analysis of question difficulty as well as the discrimination power of the non-answer alternatives. The crowdsourced question sets come from PeerWise, an open source online college-level question authoring and answering environment. The goal of this research is to create an automated method to both answer and assesses the difficulty of multiple choice inverse definition questions in the domain of introductory biology. The results of this work suggest that human-authored question banks provide useful data for building gold standard human performance models. The methodology for building these performance models has value in other domains that test the difficulty of questions and the quality of the exam takers.
406

Úloha kalkulací a rozpočtů při procesu stanovení cen výkonů / The role of costs calculations and budgeting in the process of products pricing

KOVÁŘOVÁ, Tereza January 2016 (has links)
The dissertation analyses the current state of costs calculations and particular function of these calculations in estimating the product prices in the chosen company, which is Spojené kartáčovny, a. s. in Pelhřimov. The conclusion presents several recommendations which if applied would specify the cost calculations for manufacturing.
407

Teoria de resposta ao item : aplicação do modelo Rasch em desenvolvimento e validação de instrumentos em saúde mental

Chachamovich, Eduardo January 2007 (has links)
Introdução: A Teoria de Resposta ao Item constitui-se em um novo grupo de modelos psicométricos de construção, validação e avaliação de instrumentos de aferição em desfechos em saúde. Dentre tais modelos, o Modelo de Rasch se destaca como uma possibilidade de testar a Teoria de Mensuração Conjunta e, portanto, desenvolver escalas de medida com estrutura intervalar. De fato, as robustas estratégias estatísticas utilizadas recentemente demandam que as variáveis apresentem propriedades intervalares para que resultados fidedignos sejam obtidos. Na área da saúde mental, o Modelo de Rasch agrega a possibilidade de que os construtos sejam avaliados quanto à dimensionalidade. Os instrumentos podem ser explorados quanto à invariância dos itens, calibragem, adequação das escalas de resposta e adequação dos itens ao modelo teórico subjacente.Objetivos: Explorar a aplicação do Modelo de Rasch no desenvolvimento de instrumentos de qualidade de vida e atitudes frente ao envelhecimento. Utilizar o Modelo de Rasch na validação cultural de um instrumento de depressão geriátrica, assim como testar a adequação de uma escala de resposta Likert de acordo com o nível educacional, através da aplicação do Modelo de Rasch. Método: Dados internacionais de qualidade de vida, atitudes frente ao envelhecimento e depressão foram utilizados nestes estudos. Os dados são provenientes do Projeto WHOQOL-OLD e AAQ, coordenado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde em 20 países. Uma combinação de Teoria Clássica emPsicometria e Modelo de Rasch foi utilizada para a análise dos dados. O Modelo de Rasch foi implementado através do software RUMM2020. Resultados: A utilização do Modelo de Rasch possibilitou um refinamento dos instrumentos testados, gerando instrumentos com novos formatos mais adequados. No instrumento WHOQOL-OLD, em sua versão em Português, dois domínios dos seis apresentaram interação item-total insuficiente. O remodelamento da escala de resposta e a exclusão de itens de performance inadequada acarretaram melhora da escala. O instrumento Atitudes Frente ao Envelhecimento também necessitou de exclusão de itens e agrupamento de categorias de resposta, em sua versão em Português, para que seu desempenho psicométrico fosse adequado. Em relação ao nível de escolaridade, a análise dos dados gerados pelo instrumento WHOQOL-BREF em uma amostra internacional de idosos por Modelo de Rasch evidenciou que uma escala Likert de cinco pontos não é adequada para sujeitos analfabetos, em oposição aos achados com sujeitos universitários. A escala de depressão geriátrica GDS também foi analisada em uma amostra brasileira. O formato original de 15 itens se mostrou inadequado, e a exclusão de itens é fundamental para que o desempenho deste instrumento seja satisfatório. Por fim, o impacto de sintomas depressivos clínicos e subclínicos na qualidade de vida de idosos foi avaliado. Mesmo níveis subclínicos de depressão mostraram-se significativamente associados a decréscimo de qualidade de vida e atitudes frente ao envelhecimento em uma amostra de 5566 idosos. Conclusão: A aplicação do Modelo de Rasch no desenvolvimento e validação de instrumentos na área da saúde mental mostrou-se marcadamente relevante. Tal modelo proporcionou que as escalas possam ser examinadas em detalhes. A avaliação dos itens de modo individual permite que a sua adequação seja determinada e que o instrumento seja refinado de acordo com as modificações sugeridas pelas análises de Rasch. Por fim, o Modelo de Rasch permite o teste de invariância dos itens, que assume particular importância na utilização transcultural de instrumentos na área da saúde mental. / Background: Item Response Theory represents a novel group of psychometric models for constructing, validating and evaluating health outcome instruments. Among these models, the Rasch Model is able to test the Theory of Conjoint Measurement and, so, develop intervalar scales. In fact, the recently applied robust statistical strategies demand that the variables have an intervalar structure, so that reliable results are obtained. In the mental health field, the Rasch Model assures that the constructs may be tested for dimensionality. The instruments may be explored regarding item invariance, targetting, response scales adequacy and item fit to the underlying theoretical model. Objectives: To explore the role of the Rasch Model for the development of quality of life and attitudes to aging instruments. In addition, to apply the Rasch Model in the cultural validation of a geriatric depression scale, as well as test the suitability of a 5-point Likert response scale according to the educational level. Method: International data on quality of life, attitudes to aging and depression were analyzed in these studies. Data were drawn from the WHOQOL-OLD and AAQ Project, coordinated by the World Health Organization in 20 countries. A combination of Classical Test Theory and Rasch Model was used to data analysis. The Rasch Model was implemented by RUMM2020 software. Results: The application of the Rasch Model determined a refinement of the original instruments, deriving more adequate versions. The Portuguese version of the WHOQOL-OLD instrument presented insufficient item-total interaction in two domains out of six. Rescoring the response scale and deleting items led to 14 improvement of the instrument. The Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire (Portuguese version) has also demanded rescoring and item deletion in order to present adequate psychometric performance. Regarding the educational level, the Rasch analysis of data obtained using the WHOQOL-BREF in an international sample of older adults indicated that a 5-point Likert scale is not suitable for illiterate subjects. In opositte, this Likert scale is suitable for graduate older adults. The Geriatric Depression Scale was explored in a Brazilian sample. Its original 15-item format has proven to be inadequate, and item exclusion is crucial to obtain a satisfactory performance. Finally, the impact of clinical and subclinical depressive symptoms in quality of life was assessed. Even subthreshold symptomatology is significantly associated to impairments in quality of life and attitudes to aging in a sample of 5566 older adults. Conclusion: The application of the Rasch Model to the development and validation of mental health instruments has proven to be highly relevant. This model brings the possibilty of examining scales in depth. The individual assessment of each item makes it possible to determine item fit and, thus, to refine the instruments according to the alterations claimed by the Rasch analysis. Finally, the Rasch Model implements the item invariance test, which is particularly important for utilizing instruments in transcultural investigations
408

Essays on consumer brand engagement

Lourenço, Carlos Eduardo 17 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Carlos Lourenco (caerib@gmail.com) on 2016-03-01T23:34:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Essays on Consumer Brand Engagement.pdf: 950179 bytes, checksum: 14252036a97520690b11cd6730c1464d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2016-03-02T11:34:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Essays on Consumer Brand Engagement.pdf: 950179 bytes, checksum: 14252036a97520690b11cd6730c1464d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-02T12:36:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Essays on Consumer Brand Engagement.pdf: 950179 bytes, checksum: 14252036a97520690b11cd6730c1464d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-17 / Despite the growing interest in the brand engagement concept there has been debate about its conceptual foundations. This doctoral thesis explores the nature of the consumer brand engagement (CBE) construct. In the first paper, CBE is assessed within the Expectancy Theory framework to explain and clarify the probable anticipated results of engaging with a brand, and outcomes are categorized into a first level (resulting from personal effort allocated to interact with a brand) and a second level (consequence of first level outcomes) and a novel CBE definition is formulated. A comprehensive brand engagement framework is proposed using the Boundary-Spanning Marketing Organization Theory (MOR) as a consumer-brand touch point framework. From the theoretical foundations of the cognitive, emotional and behavioral dimensions of CBE, fifteen theoretical propositions are developed to incorporate a multilateral perspective on the construct’s theoretical tenets. In the second paper, four studies are used to develop a consumer brand engagement scale. Study 1 (n=11) uses literature review and in-depth interviews with consumers to generate scale items. In Study 2, eight experts evaluate 144 items for face and content validity. In Study 3 data collected with undergraduate students (n=172) is submitted to both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to further item reduction. Three hundred and eighty-nine responses from a consumer panel are used on Study 4 to evaluate model fit, using Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The proposed scale confirms excellent validity and reliability levels. Finally, in the third paper, a consumer engagement scale from Vivek et al. (2014) is replicated (n=598) with customers in an auto show, and extends the construct measurement debate using an Item Response Theory (IRT) perspective. Although the data achieved fit on a Classical Test Theory (CTT) using CFA, a graded response model (GRM) identifies five items that have low levels of discriminating power and provides low levels of information. The IRT approach indicates a possible path to future methodological improvements to marketing scales in general, and to the consumer engagement scale in particular. / Apesar do crescente interesse no conceito de engajamento da marca ainda existe discordância quanto aos seus conceitos fundamentais. Esta tese de doutorado explora a natureza da construção engajamento da marca do consumidor (EMC). No primeiro artigo, EMC é avaliada no âmbito da Teoria da Expectância para explicar e esclarecer como a antecipação de possíveis resultados de se envolver com uma marca, sendo tais resultados classificados como “primeiro nível” (resultante do esforço pessoal alocado para interagir com uma marca) e “segundo nível” (ou nível final, representando a consequência dos resultados de primeiro nível) e uma nova definição de EMC é formulada. Um arcabouço teórico abrangente é proposto para engajamento da marca, usando o Teoria Organizacional de Marketing para Expansão de Fronteiras (TOMEF) como referência para os pontos de contato entre o consumidor e a marca. A partir dos fundamentos teóricos das dimensões cognitivas, emocionais e comportamentais do EMC, quinze proposições teóricas são desenvolvidas para incorporar uma perspectiva multilateral às doutrinas teóricas do construto. No segundo artigo, quatro estudos são usados para desenvolver uma escala de engajamento da marca do consumidor. O Estudo 1 (n = 11) utiliza revisão da literatura e entrevistas em profundidade com os consumidores para gerar os itens da escala. No Estudo 2, oito especialistas avaliam 144 itens quanto a validade de face e validade de conteúdo. No Estudo 3 dados coletados com alunos de graduação (n = 172) é submetida à análise fatorial exploratória (AFE) e confirmatória (AFC) para redução adicional de itens. Trezentos e oitenta e nove respostas de um painel de consumidores são usados no Estudo 4 para avaliar o ajuste do modelo, usando a análise fatorial confirmatória (AFC) e Modelagem por Equações Estruturais (MEE). A escala proposta possui excelentes níveis de validade e confiabilidade. Finalmente, no terceiro papel, uma escala de engajamento do consumidor de Vivek et al. (2014) é replicada (n = 598) junto à consumidores em uma feira automotiva, para estender o debate sobre formas de medição do constructo usando a perspectiva da Teoria de Resposta ao Item (TRI). Embora o modelo desenvolvido com base na teoria clássica de teste (TCT) usando AFC, um modelo de resposta gradual (MRG) identifica cinco itens que têm baixos níveis de poder discriminante e com baixos níveis de informação. A abordagem usando TRI indica um possível caminho para melhorias metodológicas futuras para as escalas desenvolvidas na área de marketing em geral, e para a escala engajamento do consumidor, em particular.
409

Uma proposta de análise de desempenho dos estudantes e de valorização da primeira fase da OBMEP

Vilarinho, Ana Paula Lima 30 June 2015 (has links)
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Matemática, Programa de Mestrado Profissional em Matemática em Rede Nacional, 2015. / Submitted by Guimaraes Jacqueline (jacqueline.guimaraes@bce.unb.br) on 2015-12-02T11:34:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_IsraelCarleyDaSilva.pdf: 1686684 bytes, checksum: 86470a9008d3d16525e6ef6b8c88f892 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marília Freitas(marilia@bce.unb.br) on 2016-01-26T11:55:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_IsraelCarleyDaSilva.pdf: 1686684 bytes, checksum: 86470a9008d3d16525e6ef6b8c88f892 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-26T11:55:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_IsraelCarleyDaSilva.pdf: 1686684 bytes, checksum: 86470a9008d3d16525e6ef6b8c88f892 (MD5) / A Olimpíada Brasileira de Matemática das Escolas Públicas (OBMEP) tem, cada vez mais, ganhado espaço no cenário nacional pelo alcance de sua aplicação e pela proposta de incentivar os estudantes brasileiros a desenvolver o gosto pela aprendizagem da Matemática na educação básica. Em 2014, mais de 18 milhões de estudantes foram inscritos para participar da primeira fase em todo o país. Esse cenário motivou o desenvolvimento deste trabalho, com o intuito de compreender melhor em que medida a prova da primeira fase dessa competição pode servir de instrumento para dar feedback aos estudantes e docentes, em termos da aprendizagem de Matemática, e aos elaboradores da prova, acerca da qualidade do instrumento de avaliação aplicado. O estudo foi feito considerando uma amostra composta de 534 estudantes de oitavos e nonos anos de uma escola pública de uma cidade satélite do Distrito Federal, que _zeram a Primeira Fase da OBMEP em 2014. Para o tratamento dos dados, contou-se com o apoio do Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisa em Avaliação e Seleção e de Promoção de Eventos (CEBRASPE), utilizando-se os softwares SPSS e BILOG-MG. Para a análise psicométrica dos itens, lançou-se mão da Teoria Clássica dos Testes (TCT) e da Teoria de Resposta ao Item (TRI). Adotou-se o modelo logístico de 3 parâmetros da TRI, que descreve a probabilidade de um estudante acertar determinado item do teste em função de sua proficiência e dos parâmetros de dificuldade, discriminação e acerto ao acaso do respectivo item. Os resultados mostraram que a prova apresentou alto grau de dificuldade para o grupo pesquisado e com quantidade elevada de itens com baixo poder discriminativo. Observou-se, também, significativa divergência nos resultados em relação aos estudantes selecionados para a Segunda Fase da OBMEP, caso o critério utilizado fosse embasado unicamente na TRI, e não na TCT em conjunto com outros critérios subjetivos definidos pelas escolas. Ao final da pesquisa, foram criadas propostas de modelos de boletim de desempenho para todos os participantes da OBMEP, atitude que pode contribuir para maior envolvimento e motivação dos alunos e das escolas com a Olimpíada, gerando benefícios no processo de aprendizagem da Matemática dos participantes. / The Brazilian Mathematical Olympiad of Public Schools (OBMEP) has been gaining, each day, more space in national scenario due to the extent of its application and its proposal of stimulating Brazilian students in order to develop taste in learning Mathematics in basic education. In 2014, more than 18 million students were enrolled for its first round all over the country. This scenario motivates the development of this research in order to better comprehend in what ways the first phase exam of this competition can be used as a feedback instrument to students and teachers, in terms of Mathematics learning, and to exam developers, in terms of quality of the applied instrument evaluation. The study was made based on a sample of 534 eighth and ninth grade students of a public school in a satellite city of the Federal District of Brazil that took the first phase of the exam (OBMEP) in 2014. For data treatment, this research counted with the support of the Brazilian Center of Research in Evaluation and Selection and Events Promotion (CEBRASPE), and the softwares SPSS and BILOG-MG. For the items psychometric analysis the Classical Test Theory (CTT) and the Item Response Theory (IRT) were also utilized. This research adopted the 3 parameters logistic model of IRT, which describes the probability of a student to succeed in a certain item according to its proficiency and the difficulty parameters, discrimination and random guess of the respective item. The results have shown that the exam presented a high level of difficulty for the researched group and with a high quantity of items with low discriminative power. It was also observed a meaningful divergence of the results regarding the selected students for the second phase of the OBMEP, if the chosen criteria were based solely on the IRT analysis and not on the CTT in conjunction with other subjective criteria defined by the schools. By the end of the research, performance report models were created for all the OBMEP participants, attitude that can contribute for better involvement and motivation of students and schools with the Olympiad, generating benefits in the Mathematics learning process of participants.
410

Strategie v používání lexikálních jednotek v mezinárodních časopisech o módě (srovnání verze španělské, české a anglické). / Strategy of using the lexical item in international journals relating to the mode (a comparison of Spanish, Czech and English versions).

OLIVOVÁ, Klára January 2014 (has links)
The thesis is about strategy of using the lexical item in international journals (Elle, Grazia, Company magazine). It contains the comparism of the English, Spanish and Czech versions of the above mentioned fashion magazines. The thesis deals with the contemporary usage of naming the parts of clothes. It also deals with anglicisms, loanwords and loan translations. At the end I will also mention some information about the magazines and the persuasive function of the language, which is closely connected to advertising.

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