Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-14T13:35:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 342391.pdf: 682435 bytes, checksum: e11b3d0255ba891f1cb0dd72307b5e5d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-12-16 / INTRODU??O: O diagn?stico precoce da artrite reumat?ide (AR) ? fundamental para a decis?o terap?utica e para o progn?stico. O fator reumat?ide (FR) ? o teste cl?ssico na triagem para AR, enquanto o teste para anticorpo antipept?deo citrulinado c?clico (anti-CCP) ? potencialmente mais espec?fico. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a probabilidade de AR em uma popula??o brasileira n?oselecionada a partir da testagem do fator reumat?ide (FR) e do anti-CCP. MATERIAL E M?TODOS: Foram selecionados 1025 soros consecutivos para quais foi solicitado FR no laborat?rio central de refer?ncia para atendimentos prim?rio, secund?rio e terci?rio, independente do motivo ou da origem da solicita??o, no per?odo de 6 meses. Foram realizados os testes do FR IgM por nefelometria (Dade Behring, Marburg, Alemanha) e do anti-CCP IgG de segunda gera??o por ELISA (Inova Diagnostics Inc., San Diego, EUA) com pontos de corte de 15 UI/mL e 20 U/mL, respectivamente. Foram exclu?dos 62 soros de pacientes com menos de 18 anos de idade e 23 soros solicitados 2 vezes. O diagn?stico de AR foi definido de acordo com os crit?rios de classifica??o do ACR. Na an?lise estat?stica foram calculadas as medidas de desempenho dos testes, curva ROC, teste de McNemar para compara??es emparelhadas e regress?o log?stica. O n?vel de signific?ncia adotado foi de alfa = 0,05%. RESULTADOS: Dos 940 soros restantes, 172 pacientes foram exclu?dos por falta de defini??o diagn?stica. O presente estudo compreendeu um total de 768 pacientes, que foram classificados em AR (132) e sem AR (636). Os ?ltimos inclu?ram: outras doen?as difusas do tecido conjuntivo (102), espondiloartropatias soronegativas (38), reumatismo de partes moles e osteoartrite (264), doen?as auto-imunes n?o-reumatol?gicas (42), neoplasias (30) e outras doen?as n?oclassificadas (160). N?o houve diferen?as estat?sticas significativas entre os grupos com e sem AR em rela??o ao sexo e ? origem ambulatorial ou hospitalar. Os n?veis de anticorpos anti-CCP foram significativamente mais elevados no grupo com AR (P<0,001), independente dos ajustes para sexo, idade, tempo de dura??o dos sintomas e FR. Os n?veis de FR foram tamb?m significantemente mais elevados na AR (P<0,001), mas ap?s aplica??o do modelo de regress?o log?stica estas diferen?as n?o se consumaram (P=0,15). A probabilidade pr?-teste de AR no grupo de 768 pacientes foi de 17%. A ?rea sob a curva ROC para anti- CCP foi de 0,83 (IC95%= 0,78-0,88) e para FR foi de 0,79 (IC95%=0,74-0,84). As sensibilidades e especificidades para anti-CCP e FR foram de 62 e 64% (0,83), e de 97 e 90% (P<0,001), respectivamente. O valor preditivo positivo (VPP) para anti-CCP foi de 79% e para FR de 56% (P<0,001), e o valor preditivo negativo foi de 92% em ambos os testes. A raz?o de verossimilhan?a (RV) foi de 17,9 para anti-CCP e de 6,2 para FR (P<0,005). Quarenta pacientes com AR tinham menos de 2 anos de doen?a e apresentaram diferen?as estatisticamente significativas quanto ?s especificidades (P=0,001), VPPs (P=0,018) e RVs (P<0,001) para anti- CCP. Foram calculados RVs para diferentes pontos de corte de ambos os testes, e encontrados RVs significativas acima de 50 U para anti-CCP e 200 U para FR. Quando os testes foram combinados com pontos de corte sugeridos comercialmente, apenas a associa??o de ambos os testes positivos gerou RV acima de 10 (43,4) e uma probabilidade p?s-teste de 90%. CONCLUS?ES: O teste do anti-CCP teve um desempenho melhor em rela??o ao FR em uma popula??o brasileira com baixa probabilidade pr?-teste, sendo mais espec?fico que FR para AR, incluindo doen?a inicial. N?veis s?ricos acima de 50 U/mL para anti-CCP e acima de 200 UI/mL para FR aumentaram a probabilidade de AR. Considerando os pontos de corte comerciais, a combina??o de ambos os testes positivos gerou maior probabilidade de doen?a em uma popula??o com baixa suspei??o de AR.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:16:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007-Thais Ribeiro Correia.pdf: 769614 bytes, checksum: dc53e7ee3e823c6268372508d266efaa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-28 / Funda??o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the activity of the neonicotinoid dinotefuran on the cat flea Ctenocephalides felis felis. Fleas used in controlled and in vitro tests were obtained from a colony maintained at Laboratory of Development of Parasiticide Products (LDPP), and the Beagle dogs used for the controlled tests were kept at the same place. Five concentrations of dinotefuran, 0.2085, 0.417, 0.834, 1.668 and 3.336%, were evaluated for in vitro activity on eggs and adults of C. felis felis. Dinotefuran did show low activity on flea eggs, but showed efficacy on adult fleas. Two formulations of dinotefuran were titulated. For spray formulation, 0.834% was selected and for strip-on formulation, 30% was selected. Later, the efficacy of two strip-on formulations, one containing 30% dinotefuran and other with 30% dinotefuran plus 2.575% pyriproxyfen, were evaluated in the control of fleas on dogs. Dogs were infested with 100 adult fleas and evaluated after 48 hours. The efficacy was to 99.5 and 100% for day 1 declining to 76.1 and 72.2% on day 35, respectively. Two spray formulations, one with 0.834% dinotefuran and other with 0.834% dinotefuran plus 0.148% pyriproxyfen, were tested for the control of fleas on dogs. Dogs were infested and evaluated after 48 hours. The efficacy was 100% on day 1 for both formulations, reducing for 66.6% on day 28 and 59.4% on day 35, respectively. Four formulations previously described were tested on naturally infested housed kept-dogs from Serop?dica City, RJ. Animals were evaluated weekly. The efficacies were 95.2 on day 7 and 91.4% on day 56 for the spray formulation with dinotefuran; and 100% on day 7 and 88.1% on day 56 for the spray association. For dinotefuran strip-on were 98.5% on day 7 and 74% on day 56; and 100% on day 7 and 81.1% on day 56 for strip-on association. Residual activity of treated dog s hair with dinotefuran on eggs, larvae and adults of fleas were evaluated. One dog was treated with 0.834% dinotefuran spray, other dog was treated with 30% dinotefuran strip-on and the third was not treated. Some areas of dog s hair were clipped on days 2, 16, 23, 30, 37 and 44 after treatment. For the evaluation of adulticidal, larvicidal and ovicidal activities were used adults, larvae and eggs from the laboratory colony. Six repetitions were used with 10 specimens of each flea stage per day, placed in assay tubes. In each repetition were added 0.02 g of treated or untreated dog s hair and larval diet for immature stages. The adulticidal activity was evaluated during 24 hours, the larvae 20 days after treatment and the eggs 72 after challenge. The residue on hair of both treated dogs showed efficacy on the larval control for 44 days and on egg control at day 2. Regarding the adults control the spray and strip-on formulations showed efficacy until days 16 and 23, respectively. / O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade do neonicotin?ide dinotefuran sobre Ctenocephalides felis felis. As pulgas utilizadas nos testes in vitro e nos testes controlados foram da col?nia mantida no Laborat?rio de Desenvolvimento de Produtos Parasiticidas (LDPP) da UFRRJ, e os nos testes controlados foram utilizados c?es Beagle oriundos do canil de experimenta??o mantido nas mesmas depend?ncias. Em um teste in vitro foram avaliadas as efic?cias de cinco concentra??es de dinotefuran, 0,2085; 0,417; 0,834, 1,668 e 3,336%, sobre ovos e adultos de C. felis felis. O dinotefuran apresentou atividade parcial sobre os ovos de C. felis felis, por?m se mostrou eficaz no controle de adultos. Duas formula??es de dinotefuran foram tituladas. Das concentra??es testadas para a formula??o spray (0,417; 0,834 e 1,668%), a selecionada foi a de 0,834%, e para a formula??o strip-on (25, 30 e 35%) foi a de 30%. Posteriormente, em um teste controlado, foram avaliadas as efic?cias de duas formula??es strip-on , uma contendo dinotefuran a 30% e outra o mesmo associado ao piriproxifen a 2,575%, no controle de adultos de C. felis felis em c?es Beagle. Os c?es foram infestados semanalmente com 100 pulgas adultas oriundas da col?nia e avaliados ap?s 48 horas. As efic?cias foram de 99,5 e 100% no dia +1 declinando para 76,1 e 72,2% no dia +35, respectivamente. Duas formula??es spray, uma contendo dinotefuran a 0,834% e outra o mesmo associado ao piriproxifen a 0,148%, tamb?m foram avaliadas. As efic?cias foram de 100% no dia +1 para as duas formula??es, declinando para 66,6% no dia +28 e para 59,4% no dia +35, respectivamente para a formula??o contendo apenas dinotefuran e a associa??o. As quatro formula??es citadas anteriormente foram testadas em n?vel de campo em c?es infestados naturalmente domiciliados no Munic?pio de Serop?dica, RJ. Para a formula??o spray contendo apenas dinotefuran, a efic?cia foi de 95,2% no dia +7 e de 91,4% no dia +56. J? para formula??o associada, a efic?cia foi de 100% no dia +7 e de 88,1% no dia +56. Para a formula??o strip-on contendo apenas o dinotefuran, a efic?cia foi de 98,5% no dia +7 e de 74% no dia +56, e para associa??o a efic?cia foi de 100% no dia +7 e de 81,1% no dia +49. Foram avaliadas as atividades adulticida, larvicida e ovicida do res?duo no p?lo de c?es tratados com as formula??es spray e strip-on . Pequenas ?reas do corpo do c?o foram tricotomizadas nos dias 2, 9, 16, 23, 30, 37 e 44 ap?s o tratamento. Seis repeti??es com 10 exemplares cada, acondicionados em tubos de ensaio, da etapa correspondente foram utilizados por dia de desafio, e acrescidos de 0,02g de p?lo tratado ou n?o. O res?duo no p?lo de c?es tratados com ambas as formula??es de dinotefuran foi eficaz no controle de ovos apenas no dia +2, para larvas por at? 44 dias, e no controle de adultos as formula??es spray e a strip-on foram eficazes por um per?odo de 16 e 23 dias, respectivamente.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Vanessa Pimentel de Faria.pdf: 2466878 bytes, checksum: b861fc3c8a06c44e7646fb5d2a403ae8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Hyperthyroidism is the most common endocrine disorder of older cats. Due to the progressive nature of the disease, the identification of a sublcinical stage is essential in order to have a better control of the disease. The present study was a survey of the frequency of feline hyperthyroidism in Rio de Janeiro, from March, 2007 to April, 2008. The purpose of this study was to perform an evaluation of the clinical, laboratorial and echocardiographic aspects in a feline population of naturally acquired hyperthyroidism. Moreover, this study wants to emphasize the palpation and classification of thyroid lobes. This is the first report in Brazil that classifies the thyroid lobes in a standardized scale. A total of 51 cats coming from 20 different districts of Rio de Janeiro and also from Niter?i were evaluated in a feline practice in Botafogo. The selection of the cats was done by the documentation of an elevation of total T4 levels by radioimmunoassay. The animals were dividided in two groups according to the thyroid palpation: group I (nonpalpable thyroid lobe) and group II (palpable thyroid lobe). Laboratorial and complete clinical evaluation were performed in all cats. The clinical evaluation included behavioral evaluation, body weight, body condition, dermatologic, cardiopulmonary auscultation, thyroid palpation and systolic blood pressure reading. Besides the total T4, the following exams were performed: urea, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and glucose. Thirty one cats had an echocardiogram performed. This study concluded that the clinical, laboratorial and echocardiographic parameters were similar between the two groups. However, the T4 levels were significantly lower in the nonpalpable thyroid group. Vocalization, tachypnea, changes in cardiopulmonary auscultation, hypertension, increase in alanine aminotransferase and echocardiographic changes observed in cats from group I emphasizes the importance of an early diagnosis before the disease attacks organs as liver, kidneys and heart. / O hipertireoidismo ? a endocrinopatia mais comum em gatos idosos. Devido ? natureza progressiva da doen?a, a identifica??o de um est?gio subcl?nico se torna essencial para melhor controle da doen?a. O presente estudo compreendeu um levantamento da freq??ncia de gatos hipertire?ideos durante o per?odo de mar?o de 2007 a abril de 2008, no estado do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os aspectos cl?nicos, laboratoriais e ecocardiogr?ficos em uma popula??o de gatos dom?sticos com hipertireoidismo naturalmente adquirido, al?m de enfatizar a palpa??o dos lobos tireoidianos, assim como a classifica??o dos mesmos. Este ? o primeiro estudo no pa?s que classifica lobos tireoidianos dentro de uma escala padronizada. A popula??o estudada foi composta por 51 gatos, provenientes de 20 bairros distintos dentro do munic?pio do Rio de Janeiro e tamb?m do munic?pio de Niter?i. Esses animais foram atendidos em uma cl?nica privada exclusiva para gatos no bairro de Botafogo. A sele??o dos animais foi realizada atrav?s da detec??o do valor de T4 total acima dos valores de refer?ncia com a t?cnica de radioimunoensaio. Os animais foram divididos em dois grupos com base na identifica??o de aumento da tire?ide ? palpa??o: grupo I (tire?ide n?o palp?vel) e grupo II (tire?ide palp?vel). Avalia??es cl?nica e laboratorial completas foram realizadas em todos os gatos do estudo. A avalia??o cl?nica incluiu avalia??o comportamental, peso, escore de condi??o corporal, pele e pelagem, ausculta??o cardiopulmonar, palpa??o tireoidiana e aferi??o da press?o arterial sist?lica. Al?m do T4 total, os seguintes exames laboratoriais foram realizados: hemograma, ur?ia, creatinina, alanina aminotransferase (ALT), fosfatase alcalina (FA) e glicose. Trinta e um animais foram submetidos ? avalia??o card?aca, atrav?s de ecocardiograma. Este estudo concluiu que os par?metros cl?nicos, laboratoriais e ecocardiogr?ficos foram muito semelhantes entre os dois grupos. No entanto, os n?veis s?ricos de T4 total foram significativamente menores nos gatos com tire?ide n?o palp?vel. Vocaliza??o, taquipn?ia, altera??es em ausculta cardiopulmonar, hipertens?o arterial sist?mica, aumento da enzima alanina aminotransferase e altera??es em ecocardiograma observados em gatos do grupo I enfatizam a import?ncia do diagn?stico precoce para que o hipertireoidismo seja identificado antes do acometimento de ?rg?os como f?gado, rins e cora??o.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-03-27T19:09:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Lilian Cristina de Sousa Oliveira Batista.pdf: 1288520 bytes, checksum: 258e3cf77d272f259a164d0a1e9ca8fa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-27T19:09:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Lilian Cristina de Sousa Oliveira Batista.pdf: 1288520 bytes, checksum: 258e3cf77d272f259a164d0a1e9ca8fa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-02-27 / CNPq / FAPERJ / FAPUR / The objective of the present study was to evaluate through in vitro test, the efficacy and residual period of protection in an aerosol formulation of pyriproxyfen and cyfluthrin in the Ctenocephalides felis felis control. A white felt of one millimeter of thickness and two square meters was impregnated with a formulation at a concentration of 0.04% of cyfluthrin and 0.05% of pyriproxyfen (Fleegard ? Bayer), and after dried, retained at a natural conditions environment until the challenge?s day. For each day of weekly challenge, six strips of impregnated carpet and six control strips, without treatment were used. For the test with immature forms, each strip was placed in a test tube with 10 eggs or 10 larvae and a half gram of a required diet for the larval development. The tubes were inside an incubator at a temperature of 28 ? 1 ?C and relative humidity of 75 ? 10%. At the 25th day after the incubation, the material of each challenge was fixed with alcohol 70 ?GL and the quantification of adults emerged from puparium was performed with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope. The average efficacy of egg-adult interruption of development was 98.78%, with minimum variation 89.47% and maximum 100%, and the larvae-adult was 96.16%, with minimum variation 82.14% and maximum 100%, over 182 days of challenge. For the test with adults were placed ten fleas not fed C. felis felis in each tube, being five male and five females. It was recorded the number of live and dead in times of 10 minutes, 30 minutes, one hour, two hours, three hours, four hours and 24 hours with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope on days 0 (30 min after impregnation of the felt), +1, +2, +5, +10, +15, +20 and +30 and was found to effectively, respectively of 35.7; 88.5; 75.9; 66.7; 67.6; 40.7; 22.2 and 12.3. It can be concluded that in aerosol formulation of cyfluthrin and pyriproxyfen was effective on the control of immature stages of C. felis felis for up to 26 weeks and adults after 24 h exposure to the product with residual action period extending substantially up to two days after the impregnation of felt. / O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar atrav?s de teste in vitro, a efic?cia e o per?odo residual de prote??o de uma formula??o aerossol de piriproxifen e ciflutrina no controle de Ctenocephalides felis felis. Um feltro branco com um mil?metro de espessura e dois metros quadrados foi impregnado com a formula??o na apresenta??o de aerossol, em uma concentra??o de 0,04% de ciflutrina e de 0,05% de piriproxifen (Fleegard? BAYER) e ap?s a secagem, mantido no ambiente em condi??es naturais at? o dia de desafio. Foram utilizadas seis tiras de feltro impregnadas com o produto e seis tiras controle, sem tratamento, para cada dia de desafio semanal. Para o teste com formas imaturas, cada tira foi colocada em tubo de ensaio contendo 10 ovos ou 10 larvas e meio grama de uma dieta necess?ria para o desenvolvimento larval. Os tubos foram mantidos em c?mara climatizada com temperatura de 28?1?C e umidade relativa de 75?10%. No 25? dia ap?s a incuba??o, o material de cada desafio foi fixado com ?lcool 70?GL e realizada a quantifica??o de adultos emergidos do pup?rio com aux?lio de microsc?pio estereosc?pico. A efic?cia m?dia da interrup??o do desenvolvimento ovo-adulto foi de 98,78%, com varia??es m?nima de 89,47% e m?xima de 100%, e para a larva-adulto foi de 96,16%, com varia??es m?nima de 82,14% e m?xima de 100%, ao longo de 182 dias de desafio. Para o teste com adultos foram colocadas dez pulgas adultas n?o alimentadas de C. felis felis em cada tubo, sendo cinco machos e cinco f?meas. Foi registrado o n?mero de insetos vivos e mortos nos tempos de 10 minutos, 30 minutos, uma hora, duas horas, tr?s horas, quatro horas e 24 horas com aux?lio de um microsc?pio estereosc?pico, nos dias 0 (30 minutos ap?s a impregna??o do feltro), +1; +2; +5; +10; +15; +20 e +30 e constatou-se a efic?cia, respectivamente de 35,7; 88,5; 75,9; 66,7; 67,6; 40,7; 22,2 e 12;3. P?de-se concluir que a formula??o aerossol de ciflutrina e piriproxifen foi eficaz no controle ambiental de formas imaturas de C. felis felis por um per?odo de 26 semanas e para adultos 24 h ap?s a exposi??o ao produto com per?odo residual de a??o estendendo-se de forma significativa por at? dois dias ap?s a impregna??o do feltro.

Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2018-11-28T12:09:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Francisco de Assis Ribeiro.pdf: 1446521 bytes, checksum: 1539b67c73688bab6449f2b66eab899e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-28T12:09:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010 - Francisco de Assis Ribeiro.pdf: 1446521 bytes, checksum: 1539b67c73688bab6449f2b66eab899e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-09 / This study aimed to evaluate the proposed amendments in different stages of Rhipicephalus sanguineus submitted to arthropod growth regulator (AGR's), pyriproxyfen, in rabbits treated. The study was conducted on the premises of the Laborat?rio de Quimioterapia Experimental em Parasitologia Veterin?ria (LQEPV) from the Departamento de Parasitologia Animal of the Institute of Veterinary, Universidade Federal do Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ) located in the municipality of Serop?dica. Growth regulators represent a new category that has been used widely in the control of ectoparasites of small animals. This group has no chemical effect "knockdown", acts slowly and gradually interfering with their growth and development. The AGR's were divided according to their mechanism of action on juvenile hormone analogues, benzoylphenyl ureas - acting in the inhibition of chitin synthesis inhibitors and deposition of chitin. The pyriproxyfen is one of the smallest juvenile hormone analogues marketed as topical treatment for the prophylactic control of fleas on dogs and cats. The experiment was divided into three stages, and in each of 24 rabbits were divided into control group, group treated with 1% pyriproxyfen treated with pyriproxyfen 1.5% and treated with 2% pyriproxyfen. The stage I (stage adult) rabbits were infested with 25 pairs of adult R. sanguineus per rabbit. In stage II (stage larvae) the rabbit were infested with larvae of R. sanguineus at a rate of 2300 larvae / rabbit. In the stage III (nymph stage), the rabbit were infested with 200 nymphs / rabbit. The dose of pyriproxyfen applied in the form "pour-on" at all stages was 10ml/kg body weight, and 0.5 ml in each ear and the rest on the back of the animal. Trials during the parasitic phase were conducted in environmental conditions in the period from February to August 2008, and the stage is not parasitic in controlled laboratory conditions (27 ? 1? C and 80 ? 10% RH in scotophase). We analyzed parameters of the parasitic phase and not parasitic to the larvae, nymphs and adults. The pyriproxyfen caused changes in the biology of R. sanguineus such as decrease in the recovery of evolutionary forms, reduction in weight of the egg mass, increased during the incubation period of eggs, decreased reproductive efficiency rate, inhibition of moulting between stages from larva to nymph, effective in inhibiting reproductive behavior of females and lethargic, but no concentration was observed in action on nymphs. It is concluded that focuses on employee pyriproxyfen at a concentration of 2% was effective in controlling rabbits and promoted behavioral changes in R. sanguineus that indicate the possibility of employment of AGR to control this tick, with the difference in reducing the rate of reinfestation. However, new studies should be carried out on the efficacy of pyriproxyfen to 2% in the control of R. sanguineus when used in dogs. The use of rabbits was a preliminary test to indicate whether or not the activity of pyriproxyfen on the tick R. sanguineus. / A realiza??o deste estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as altera??es morfol?gicas e biol?gicas apresentadas em diferentes fases evolutivas de Rhipicephalus sanguineus submetidos ao regulador de crescimento de artr?podes (AGR?s), piriproxifen, em coelhos tratados. O trabalho foi realizado nas depend?ncias do Laborat?rio de Quimioterapia Experimental em Parasitologia Veterin?ria (LQEPV), pertencente ao Departamento de Parasitologia Animal do Instituto de Veterin?ria da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), localizada no munic?pio de Serop?dica. Os reguladores de crescimento representam uma nova categoria que vem sendo empregada amplamente no controle de ectoparasitos de pequenos animais. Este grupo qu?mico n?o apresenta efeito ?knockdown?, atua de forma lenta e gradual interferindo no seu crescimento e desenvolvimento. Os AGR?s foram divididos de acordo com o seu mecanismo de a??o, em an?logos do horm?nio juvenil, benzoilfenil ur?ias - atuando na inibi??o da s?ntese de quitina e inibidores da deposi??o de quitina. O piriproxifen apresenta uma das menores estruturas qu?micas dentre os an?logos dos horm?nios juvenis introduzido no mercado como tratamento t?pico para o controle profil?tico de pulgas em c?es e gatos. O experimento foi dividido em 3 etapas, sendo que em cada uma delas utilizados 24 coelhos, divididos em grupos controle, grupo tratado com piriproxifen a 1%, tratado com piriproxifen a 1,5% e tratado com piriproxifen a 2%. A etapa I (fase de adultos) os coelhos foram infestados com 25 casais de adultos de R. sanguineus por coelho. Na etapa II (fase de larvas) os coelhos foram infestados com larvas de R. sanguineus na raz?o de 2300 larvas/coelho. Na etapa III (fase de ninfa), os coelhos foram infestados com 200 ninfas/coelho. A dose de piriproxifen aplicada sob a forma ?pour-on? em todas as etapas foi de 10mL/kg de peso vivo, sendo 0,5mL em cada orelha e o restante no dorso do animal. As experimenta??es durante a fase parasit?ria foram realizadas em condi??es ambientais, no per?odo de fevereiro a agosto de 2008, e da fase n?o parasit?ria em condi??es controladas de laborat?rio (27 ? 1 ?C e 80 ? 10% UR, em escotofase). Foram analisados par?metros de fase parasit?ria e n?o parasit?ria, para larvas, ninfas e adultos. O piriproxifen causou altera??es na biologia de R. sanguineus tais como: diminui??o na recupera??o das formas evolutivas, diminui??o no peso da massa de ovos, aumento no per?odo de incuba??o dos ovos, diminui??o do ?ndice de efici?ncia reprodutiva, inibi??o do processo de ecdise entre os est?gios de larva para ninfa, efic?cia na inibi??o da reprodu??o das f?meas e comportamento let?rgico, no entanto em nenhuma concentra??o foi observada a??o sobre ninfas. Conclui-se que o piriproxifen empregado na concentra??o de 2% foi eficaz no controle de R. sanguineus em coelhos, promovendo altera??es comportamentais indicando a possibilidade de emprego deste AGR no controle desse carrapato, com a particularidade na redu??o da taxa de reinfesta??o. Entretanto novos estudos necessitam ser realizados visando a efic?cia do piriproxifen a 2% no controle de R. sanguineus quando empregado em c?es. O uso de coelhos foi um teste preliminar para demonstrar a atividade do piriproxifen sobre o carrapato R. sanguineus

La thèse porte sur l’impact des investissements direct étrangers sur la croissance économique appliquée au cas de l’économie turque.Dans le cadre des débats sur le processus de rattrapage économique de certains pays en voie de développement, nous constatons que ces pays en question doivent leur succès essentiellement aux transferts de biens et services venant des pays développés. L’IDE est un moyen qui facilite le processus de diffusion de connaissances et de technologies, mais tout de même les débats sur ses effets positifs sont controversés et ils ont mis en évidence une discordance entre les hypothèses théoriques et les résultats empiriques. Nous cherchons à savoir dans quelle mesure l’affinement de l’analyse au niveau empirique peut permettre de déterminer le degré de pertinence des théories.L’analyse qualitative nous a permis de comprendre les déterminants des stratégies des investisseurs étrangers et du pays d’accueil, des éléments sur le transfert de technologie et ses composants, sur l’innovation, sur les liens en amont et en aval, sur les répercussions sur l’emploi,etc. L’analyse quantitative a confirmé une relation bidirectionnelle entre l’IDE et la croissance économique et par la suite les relations des IDE avec les autres composants de la croissance économique.Les résultats indiquent que l'IDE réside d’une importance cruciale en termes du transfert de technologies, de compétences entrepreneuriales et des ressources en termes de capitaux.Par ailleurs, en observant le niveau de coopération au sein de l’entreprise conjointe, notre analyse qualitative indique une forte accumulation des compétences en termes technologiques,d’innovation et managériales au niveau des entreprises locales. De plus, les relations verticales en amont et en aval entre les FMN et les entreprises locales sont relativement fortes. Les filiales étrangères utilisent de plus en plus des réseaux locaux pour fournir de biens intermédiaires. Cela confirme l’autonomie renforcée du secteur manufacturier local en Turquie. / The thesis focuses on the impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth applied to the case of the Turkish economy.In the context of discussions on the process of economic catching-up countries in the developing world, we find that the country in question owe their success primarily to the transfer of goods and services from developed countries. FDI is a tool that facilitates the process of diffusionof knowledge and technology, but still debates about its positive effects are controversial and have highlighted a discrepancy between the theoretical assumptions and empirical findings. We want to know how the refinement of the empirical level analysis can determine the degree of relevance of theories.The qualitative analysis allowed us to understand the determinants of foreign investors and strategies of the host country, elements of technology transfer and its components on innovation,backward and forward linkages of the impact on employment, etc.. The quantitative analysis confirmed a bidirectional relationship between FDI and economic growth and subsequently FDI relations with other components of economic growth.The results indicate that FDI is crucial in terms of technology transfer, entrepreneurial skill sand resources in terms of capital.Furthermore, by observing the level of cooperation in the joint venture, our qualitative analysis indicates a strong accumulation of skills in terms of technology, innovation and management at local firms. In addition, vertical backward and forward linkages between MNCs andlocal firms are relatively strong. Foreign subsidiaries use more local networks to provide intermediate goods. This confirms the increased autonomy of the local manufacturing sector inTurkey.

Depuis 1979, la Chine a entrepris les politiques des Réformes et de l’Ouverture. Cette période marque un tournant de la Chine. La libéralisation du marché, l’industrialisation et l’internationalisation, qui sont réalisées de manière systématique et graduelle, ont permis d’intégrer la Chine dans l’économie mondiale et la mondialisation. En étudiant le processus de la mondialisation et du développement régional en Chine, nous pouvons constater une évolution multipolaire : une transition de l’économie traditionnelle, planifiée et fermée vers une économie moderne et ouverte du marché, une transformation d’une société agricole vers une société industrielle et de services et un changement conceptuel du centrisme chinois et de tradition vers la mondialisation et la modernité. Cette évolution est le résultat des forces irrésistibles de la mondialisation et des expériences de la Chine quant à son refus, sa résistance, son acceptation forcée, et ses essais en matière d’apprentissage vers la mondialisation. Cependant, la croissance n’est pas partagée de manière équilibrée entre les régions de la Chine. En raison des différences dans l’environnement naturel, dans les ressources, dans les structures industrielles, dans le développement social et compte tenu des éléments historiques et politiques, le développement des régions retardées est une question qui relève non seulement de la stabilité économique et politique de la Chine, mais aussi d’une source de durabilité de la croissance chinoise. Les IDE sont un des facteurs contribuant à la croissance économique en Chine, mais ils ne sont pas les seuls facteurs fautifs à l’écart de la disparité en Chine. / Since 1979, China has undertaken the policies of the Reforms and the Opening. This period marks a turning-point of China. The liberalization of the market, the industrialization and the internationalization, which are carried out in a systematic and gradual way, made it possible to integrate China in the world economy and globalization. By studying the process of globalization and regional development in China, we can observe a multiple evolution: a transition from the traditional economy, planned and closed towards an economy modern and opened market, a transformation of an agricultural society towards an industrial society and services and a conceptual change of the Chinese centrism and tradition towards globalization and modernity. This evolution is the result of the irresistible forces of the globalization and the experiments of China as for its refusal, its resistance, its acceptance forced, and its tests as regards training towards globalization. However, the growth of China is not shared in a balanced way between the regions of China. Because of the differences in natural environment, in the resources, the industrial structures, social development and taking into account the historical and political elements, the development of the delayed areas of China is a question which concerns not only the economic stability and policy of China, but also of a source of durability of the Chinese growth. The FDI is one of the factors contributing to the economic growth in China, but they are not the only faulty factors for the disparity in China.

<p>Abstract</p><p>This bachelor thesis will present the XAP tool integration project. Apart from presenting the survey of</p><p>integration techniques that includes integration models and case tool models, we have conducted a</p><p>comparison of these models. Then we reason about their applicability in the XAP setting. We apply this</p><p>survey into the XAP tool integration project – integrate three tools in one IDE on data level. In this IDE,</p><p>the user can create a new project and use these three tools freely in the new created project. The</p><p>database among them is shared.</p>

Τα σύνθετα υλικά αναπτύχθηκαν με σκοπό τη δημιουργία προϊόντων με εξειδικευμένο συνδυασμό ιδιοτήτων. Τα υλικά αυτά επιτρέπουν την εξοικονόμηση υλικών και χρηματικών πόρων, μέσω της αντικατάστασης μέρους των πολύτιμων φυσικών πρώτων υλών με άλλες φθηνότερες, διατηρώντας όμως στο τελικό προϊόν τις ιδιότητες των αντικατασταθέντων συστατικών. Τα σύνθετα υλικά είναι μίγματα δύο ή και περισσότερων συστατικών, τα οποία διαφέρουν στη μορφή ή και στη σύνθεση, συνήθως δεν διαλύονται το ένα στο άλλο και είναι δυνατόν να εντοπιστεί διεπιφάνεια μεταξύ των συστατικών τους. Τα σύνθετα υλικά αποτελούνται από τη μητρική και την ενισχυτική φάση. Η μήτρα περικλείει τα εγκλείσματα και αποτελεί τη φάση του συστήματος, η οποία δίνει την εξωτερική μορφή του σύνθετου υλικού. Επίσης, ενεργεί ως περιβάλλον και ως συνδετική ύλη για τα εγκλείσματα και συνήθως καθορίζει την αντοχή του σύνθετου υλικού. Τα εγκλείσματα αποτελούν τα δομικά στοιχεία του σύνθετου υλικού και καθορίζουν την εσωτερική του δομή. Για την καλύτερη δυνατή συνεργασία μήτρας-εγκλείσματος επιβάλλεται η πλήρης επαφή τους, όπως και η ανάπτυξη μεταξύ τους ενός ισχυρού δεσμού συνοχής. Στην παρούσα εργασία ως ενισχυτική φάση χρησιμοποιήθηκε το TiO2. Η μελέτη του παρουσιάζει μεγάλο ενδιαφέρον λόγω των οπτικών και ηλεκτρονικών ιδιοτήτων του. Το TiO2 είναι ένας ημιαγωγός ευρέως χάσματος και μπορεί να κρυσταλλωθεί σε τρεις διαφορετικές δομές: ρουτίλιο, ανατάσης και βρουκίτης (rutile, anatase και brookite). Ως προπολυμερές για την παρασκευή των δοκιμίων, χρησιμοποιήθηκε η εποξειδική ρητίνη. Η συγκεκριμένη ρητίνη είναι ένα τυπικό μονωτικό πολυμερές χαμηλού ιξώδους, της οποίας η διηλεκτρική σταθερά καθώς και η αγωγιμότητα δεν διαφέρουν σημαντικά από τις αντίστοιχες τιμές για το TiO2. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι ο ηλεκτρικός χαρακτηρισμός σύνθετων συστημάτων πολυμερικής μήτρας-κεραμικού TiO2. Παρασκευάστηκαν σύνθετα υλικά συγκέντρωσης 10 phr, 30 phr και 50 phr σε TiO2. Για τον ηλεκτρικό χαρακτηρισμό των σύνθετων αυτών, εφαρμόστηκε η τεχνική της διηλεκτρικής φασματοσκοπίας ευρέως φάσματος (BDS-Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy). Με τη διηλεκτρική φασματοσκοπία είναι δυνατόν να μετρηθεί το πραγματικό και το φανταστικό μέρος της διηλεκτρικής σταθεράς, της εμπέδησης, της αγωγιμότητας όπως και άλλα μεγέθη, ως συνάρτηση της συχνότητας, της εφαρμοζόμενης τάσης και της θερμοκρασίας. Στην εργασία αυτή, για τη λήψη των μετρήσεων διηλεκτρικής απόκρισης, χρησιμοποιήθηκε η γέφυρα εναλλασσόμενου Alpha-N της εταιρείας Novocontrol. Ως κυψελίδα μετρήσεων χρησιμοποιήθηκε η BDS 1200 της ίδιας εταιρείας. Για κάθε εξεταζόμενο δείγμα έλαβαν χώρα ισόθερμες σαρώσεις συχνοτήτων. Οι μετρήσεις πραγματοποιήθηκαν στην περιοχή συχνοτήτων από 0.1Hz ως 1MHz και σε εύρος θερμοκρασιών από -1000 C ως 1500 C. Το θερμοκρασιακό βήμα μεταξύ των διαδοχικών σαρώσεων συχνοτήτων είναι 100 C. Η θερμοκρασία ελέγχεται από το σύστημα Quatro με ακρίβεια 0.10 C. Όλη η διάταξη είναι συνδεδεμένη με ηλεκτρονικό υπολογιστή για ταυτόχρονο έλεγχο και αποθήκευση των δεδομένων. Για λόγους σύγκρισης εκτός από τα σύνθετα, μετρήθηκαν και δείγματα καθαρής ρητίνης. Τα φαινόμενα διηλεκτρικής χαλάρωσης που καταγράφονται περιλαμβάνουν συνεισφορές τόσο από την πολυμερική μήτρα όσο και από την ενισχυτική φάση. Στην περιοχή των χαμηλών θερμοκρασιών ανιχνεύονται, τόσο στα δείγματα καθαρής ρητίνης όσο και στα σύνθετα, οι διεργασίες της β- και γ-χαλάρωσης. Οι διεργασίες αυτές αποδίδονται σε περιορισμένες τοπικές κινήσεις τμημάτων της πολυμερικής αλυσίδας (γ-χαλάρωση) και σε επαναπροσανατολισμό πλευρικών τμημάτων της πολυμερικής αλυσίδας (β-χαλάρωση). Στην περιοχή των υψηλών θερμοκρασιών καταγράφονται τρεις επιπρόσθετες διεργασίες χαλάρωσης. Στην περιοχή χαμηλών συχνοτήτων, εμφανίζεται το φαινόμενο Maxwell-Wagner-Sillars (ενδοεπιφανειακή πόλωση), το οποίο οφείλεται στη συσσώρευση φορτίων χώρου στην ενδοεπιφάνεια μήτρας-εγκλείσματος. Όπως αναμένεται η διεργασία αυτή δεν εμφανίζεται στο δείγμα καθαρής ρητίνης. Λόγω της μικρής ετερογένειας μεταξύ των δύο φάσεων το φαινόμενο είναι ασθενές και γίνεται ισχυρότερο με την αύξηση της συγκέντρωσης σε TiO2. Στην περιοχή των ενδιάμεσων συχνοτήτων εμφανίζεται, τόσο στα δείγματα καθαρής ρητίνης όσο και στα σύνθετα, η διεργασία της α-χαλάρωσης, η οποία σχετίζεται με την υαλώδη μετάβαση της πολυμερικής μήτρας. Η δυναμική της α-χαλάρωσης δεν επηρεάζεται από την αύξηση της συγκέντρωσης σε πληρωτικό μέσο. Στην περιοχή των υψηλών συχνοτήτων και μόνο στα σύνθετα εμφανίζεται η διεργασία IDE (Intermediate Dipolar Effect), η οποία αποδίδεται στην παρουσία της ενισχυτικής φάσης. Αυτή η διεργασία εμφανίζεται σαφέστερα στα σύνθετα συγκέντρωσης 30 phr και 50 phr, δηλαδή επηρεάζεται ισχυρά από τη συγκέντρωση σε TiO2. Σε όλες τις συγκεντρώσεις οι διεργασίες MWS και IDE παρουσιάζουν εξάρτηση από τη θερμοκρασία, η οποία ακολουθεί την εξίσωση Arrhenius, ενώ η εξάρτηση της α-χαλάρωσης από τη θερμοκρασία περιγράφεται από την εξίσωση Vogel-Fulcher-Tamann (VTF). Για όλες τις διεργασίες χαλάρωσης στις υψηλές θερμοκρασίες, υπολογίζονται οι χρόνοι χαλάρωσης και οι αντίστοιχες ενέργειες ενεργοποίησης. Η μεταβολή του πραγματικού μέρους της ηλεκτρικής αγωγιμότητας εναλλασσόμενου , στην περιοχή υψηλών θερμοκρασιών, συναρτήσει της συχνότητας εμφανίζει τρεις περιοχές. Στην περιοχή υψηλών συχνοτήτων, η μεταβολή της ηλεκτρικής αγωγιμότητας εναλλασσόμενου συναρτήσει της συχνότητας ακολουθεί τον νόμο της Παγκόσμιας Διηλεκτρικής Απόκρισης. Στην περιοχή αυτή παρατηρείται ασθενής εξάρτηση της ηλεκτρικής αγωγιμότητας από τη θερμοκρασία. Η μεταβολή της ηλεκτρικής αγωγιμότητας στην ενδιάμεση περιοχή συχνοτήτων, συνδέεται με την εμφάνιση των μηχανισμών MWS και α-χαλάρωση. Στην περιοχή χαμηλών συχνοτήτων, η ηλεκτρική αγωγιμότητα είναι ανεξάρτητη της συχνότητας και περιγράφει την αγωγιμότητα συνεχούς των υλικών. Η είναι η τιμή της αγωγιμότητας στα 0.1Hz. Η αγωγιμότητα συνεχούς αυξάνεται αυξανομένης της θερμοκρασίας, για όλα τα εξεταζόμενα δείγματα και ακολουθεί την εξίσωση Vogel-Fulcher-Tamann (VTF). / Polymer matrix – ceramic TiO2 composites were prepared, in different filler concentrations, and their electrical properties were examined by means of Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (BDS), over a wide temperature range (-100C to 150C) and in the frequency range of 10-1Hz–1MHz. The relaxation phenomena recorded include contributions from both the polymeric matrix and the presence of the reinforcing phase. The results are discussed using the electric modulus formalism, with temperature and filler’s concentration as parameters. Pure matrix exhibits tree distinct relaxation processes attributed, with ascending relaxation rate, to glass/rubber (-mode) transition, and local motions of polar side groups and small segments of the polymer chain. Two additional modes have been detected in the TiO2 reinforced systems. The relaxation mechanism present at low frequencies and high temperatures is attributed to interfacial polarization or Maxwell – Wagner – Sillars phenomenon and corresponds to the slowest observed mode. Finally, the second process recorded in the intermediate frequency range, between -mode and polar side groups-mode, is possibly related to order/disorder transition of the ceramic TiO2.

Darbe analizuojamos mobilių įrenginių programavimo priemonių ir universalios sąsajos skirtingiems modeliams sukūrimo galimybės. Išanalizuotos IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse IDE, Python for S60 ir NetBeans IDE programavimo priemonės. Aprašyti programavimo įrankių veikimo bruožai, nustatytos programavimo priemonių galimybės, išvardinti jų privalumai ir trūkumai. Pagal gautus rezultatus pasirinktas NetBeans IDE programavimo įrankis ir juo naudojantis sukurta taikomoji aplikacija. Ji skirta vairavimo mokyklos veiklos procesų optimizavimui bei moksliniams tyrimams atlikti. Taikomoji aplikacija išbandyta skirtingose mobilių įrenginių platfromose. Eksperimentinis tyrimas parodo kurios aplikacijos funkcijos veikia neteisingai. Svarbiausios funkcijos ištaisytos, tačiau keletas neatitikimu negali būti pašalinti, tokie kaip duomenų atvaizdavimas. Nustatyta, kad šis trūkumas gali būti pašalintas tik vaizduojant duomenų lentelę horizontaliai. Eksperimentinis tyrimas parodo kelis universalios sąsajos aplikacijos kūrimo metodus. Be to darbe pateiktas pasiūlymas universalios sąsajos kūrimui naudoti UML diagramas. / The goals of this master’s work are analyzes tools for mobile devices programming and universal interface for different models creation opportunities. Also the paper analyzes Java ME, Visual Studio .NET, Python for S60, NetBeans IDE and BREW programming tools. Describe the features of the functioning of the programming tools, to set the programming options, listed the advantages and disadvantages. The best in this analyze was NetBeans IDE. There are created IS conceptual model of driving school and project of mobile software. According to the programming tools analyzes results and IS project was created new application. It is dedicated to improve driving school processes and make scientific research. Application was tested in different mobile platforms. The test shown application functions which works wrong. Most important functions fixed, but some of them can’t be fixed, such as displaying full table of content. This bug can be fixed only displaying table horizontally. This experimental work shows some methods of universal application creation. Also there is suggested how we can create universal application by using UML diagrams.