This thesis deals with the problems of the world arms trade. In the theoretical part are defined through literature and Internet sources basic definitions of weapons and military materials and explains the meaning of the foreign trade as a whole. It is also described in detail commodity and regional structure of world trade and the main indicators in the global arms trade. It also mentioned the most important exporters and importers on the international market and take into account the most important indicator of how military spending. The work also bars the legislative and the first trade arrangements with military equipment and technology. Another point of work is determined by the trend in the arms industry and its influencing factors. The practical part is described by means of the most famous institutes characterization of the main parties and their position on the arms market as the US, Russia, China, Germany, France. There are mentioned the most important trade partners and strongest companies in the armaments industry. The practical part also includes a small history of the arms industry of the Czech Republic in the global arms market, and said the most important products of the last century

This thesis studies the business performance of Thai firms in both domestic and export markets by using the market orientation theoretical framework to explain why some firms are more successful than others. It also investigates how firms become more market-oriented and whether the relationship between market orientation and business performance is moderated by business environment.

The overall aim of this research is to explore the business relationships among Russian and Polish firms. The research performed is based on the selected literature area of industrial relationships, relationship quality, negotiations, international environment. With exploratory purpose, the embedded single case study strategy is applied in this research. The empirical data is gathered through focus group discussion among five participants and seven interviews. The findings indicate that the nature of relationships among the Polish and the Russian companies is positive, fruitful and beneficial for both sides. Companies are mainly satisfied with cooperation and overall activities are managed at expected level. Problematic issues are solved successfully with the help of negotiations. The environmental factors which are identified as the main barriers and obstacles are the political climate, legal issues and infrastructure. As the Russian market and its law are complex and difficult, the Polish companies are aware of these factors and are trying to follow all demands given by the Russian companies. Finally, negotiations are provided as the measures to strengthen their relationships and to cope with all the factors, which can have negative impact, by mutual agreements and decisions. Based on our analysis and conclusions, the companies are recommended to ensure better code of business practices and to reveal more confidence among each other.

Influenza A virus (IAV) replication and transcription occur in the host cell nucleus; a feature which means both the viral genome (vRNA) and mRNA must be exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The mechanism by which vRNA nuclear export is achieved has been well characterised, but how viral mRNAs are exported is poorly understood. The cellular NXF1-dependent mRNA export pathway has been shown to be involved in the export of some viral mRNAs, but how they are recruited to this pathway is unknown. Prior work from our laboratory showed that segment 7 mRNA was inefficiently exported to the cytoplasm in a sub-viral ‘minireplicon’ system, providing the first indication that there were viral requirements for IAV mRNA nuclear export. Further addition of individual viral polypeptides was tested and the effect on segment 7 mRNA export was analysed by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and confocal microscopy. This identified the NS1 protein as the viral factor required for efficient segment 7 nuclear export. Mutational studies on NS1 were carried out to unveil the mechanistic role of this protein in viral mRNA nuclear export, by plasmid transfection as well as in the context of recombinant viruses. These approaches indicated that both functional domains of NS1 were necessary to preserve the mRNA export function. Furthermore, these mutant proteins were used to examine the association between NS1 and the NXF1-dependent pathway in the context of mRNA nuclear export. Protein-protein and protein-RNA binding assays indicated that interactions between NXF1 and NS1, and NXF1 and segment 7 mRNA were necessary, but not sufficient to promote segment 7 viral mRNA export. Lastly, the role of NS1 protein in the nuclear export of viral mRNAs from other genome segments was studied. The intracellular localisation of most viral mRNAs was not affected by the absence of NS1 or the presence of an export-incompetent NS1 mutant protein. However, segment 4 mRNA exhibited a similar phenotype to segment 7 mRNA in showing a dependence on NS1 for efficient nuclear export. Overall, the results presented in this dissertation suggest that NS1 acts as an adaptor protein between the viral RNA synthesis machinery and cellular export pathway. This provides deeper insights for the characterization of a recently identified function of the IAV NS1 protein, of being required for the efficient nuclear export of mRNA from “late” kinetic class viral genes.

The diploma thesis is diveded into 4 parts: basic information about the Republic of South Africa, Export of the goods to the Republic of South Africa, Import of goods from the Republic of South Africa, cultural differences. The thesis focuses on the atractivity of the Republic of South Africa as a business partner for the Czech companies.

Denna uppsats innehåller min tolkning av filmen Import/Export (2007) av Ulrich Seidl i syfte att skapa ökad förståelse för människan och kulturen i dagens Öst- och Västeuropa och att få fram de föreställningar som präglar kulturmöten mellan öst- och västeuropéer. Undersökningen genomfördes med hjälp av en hermeneutisk metod i kombination med Emile Durkheims funktionalistiska teori, postkoloniala teorier och Geert Hofstedes teori om kulturdimensioner. Undersökning visade att både öst- och västeuropeiska samhällen i filmen präglas av anomi. Värden grupperade kring dikotomierna individualism/kollektivism, maskulinitet/femininitet och osäkerhetsundvikande framställs tydligast i filmen. Livsåskådningsanalys visade att en materialistisk verklighetsuppfattning dominerar i både Öst- och Västeuropa tillsammans med övervägande pessimistisk och negativ grundhållning, vilket i sin tur påverkar både karaktärernas människosyn och deras handlingar. Skillnader i livsåskådning mellan öst- och västeuropéer bygger på skillnader i de förhärskande kulturella värdena och därmed på skild människosyn. Kulturmöten mellan öst- och västeuropéer i filmen präglas av främlingsrädsla och främlingsfientlighet. De bygger på västeuropéernas koloniala föreställningar om Östeuropa och dess invånare som ociviliserade barbarer, som ska ”civiliseras” av Väst samt på östeuropéernas föreställningar om Västeuropa och dess invånare som Antikrist och ärkefiende som man ska skydda sig mot. Europas nutid framställs i filmen på ett dystert sätt. Det finns även scener som utgör paralleller till Oswald Spenglers verk Västerlandets undergångoch kan tyda på filmskaparens pessimistiska syn på Europas utveckling i riktning mot undergång.

Sturgeon fish (Acipenseriformes) is commercially used to produce high quality fish meat and highly priced caviar. In fact, all species of Sturgeon fish are integrated into CITES appendix. Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) is the most frequently bred/reared and the most commercial representative of its kind, not only in Europe but also in Asia. The aim of this final project is to evaluate international sturgeon trade while using CITES references from 1998-2012. The source of data(s) was commercial database CITES. Over the last 15 years, we have exported and imported almost 5000 tons and 32 million pieces of all species. During this monitored period the frequency/traffic of the trade increased. The mostly traded forms were fish eggs which were exclusively destined/designated for commercial purpose and came from those specimens which were reared in captivity - (94% from commercial activity). People mostly traded sturgeon in these forms : (1) eggs, (2) caviar, (3) extracts,(4) derivatives, (5) fish meat and others. In the last 3 years, the trade intensity in fish eggs markedly decreased. On the contrary, since 2008 there was an annual growth of/in the sale of caviar. France was not only the country of origin but also the country where there was the largest/greatest/biggest volume of market. Germany was one of the main export countries, while Armenia , if we take the quantity (kg) into account. On the other hand, The U.S. was the main import country. Sturgeon was exported in the greatest quantity to Moldavia. During the period of time mentioned above, The Czech Republic exported only twice (35 000 pieces) and imported (210 pieces) of living specimen.

雲端運算為近年來新興的熱門話題，強調只要透過網路就可以讓使用者依據實際需求彈性地使用計算資源並按照使用量的多寡計費。許多研究報告認為這種將計算、儲存資源以服務形式提供給使用者的租用模式，將有助於節省資訊投資成本而備受企業主矚目；除了節省成本誘因之外，採用雲端運算服務後可能衍生資訊安全、保密的疑慮，也是大家所關注的焦點，因此使用者如何於採用雲端運算服務的決策過程中取得利弊的平衡點相當重要。 本研究將以企業使用者的觀點，探討影響其使用雲端運算服務的決定因素內涵，範疇侷限於台灣的進出口業者。研究根據過去文獻資料，彙整出五個影響使用者決策因素的構面：知覺效益、安全與信任、創新認同程度、知覺有用性以及知覺易用性，並以問卷調查方式進一步瞭解影響企業使用決策的因素；經由問卷調查的結果發現，上述考量構面足以解釋台灣進出口業者使用雲端服務意願百分之六十的變異，而其中影響業者使用意願程度最高的因素為知覺有用性。 / Cloud computing which emphasizes cloud users can elastically leverage computing resources on demand through the internet has recently become a hot issue. Many studies claimed that this rental model of providing storage resources as a service to users would be good for business to save the cost of investing in information technology which attracts lots of business owners. On the other hand, adoption of cloud computing service may arise several concerns like data security, service reliability and so on. In all, it is really hard to strike a balance during the decision-making process whether should business adopt cloud services. In this research, we explored the determinants of using cloud service form business users’ viewpoints which limited to the import/export industry in Taiwan. Based on past literature, we adopted five dimensions in decision-making: perceived benefits, security and trust, recognition of innovation, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. Investigating the findings through questionnaire survey, we found that the above dimensions can explain 60% variation of the causes of adopting cloud services to business users and the most sufficient impact factor is perceived usefulness.

Tato disertacni prace je venovana tematu malych a strednich podniku v Syrii: Analyza - Management - Dovoz a Vyvoz. Syrsky trh je mezinarodnimu obchodovani pomerne otevreny. Obchodni smlouvy byly podepsany jiz s nekolika zememi. V rijnu 2004 Syrie podepsala take smlouvu o spolupraci s evropskou unii. Tato prace popisuje a analyzuje male a stredni podniky v Syrii pro pot.eby mezinarodniho obchodu i Syrskeho trhu. Ziskane vysledky jsou zpracovany a na jejich zaklade jsou stanovena doporuceni pro firmy hodlajici dovazet ci vyvazet do /ze Syrie.

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