Vi har gjort en kvalitativ studie där vi undersökt maskulinitetsnormer och maskulinitetsideal i förhållande till mäns psykiska ohälsa på ett internetforum för incels. Vi har analyserat hur användarna beskriver sin bild av sig själva, sociala relationer och hur känslor diskuteras för att sedan analysera det utifrån ett maskulinitetsperspektiv. Vårt empiriska material består av 20 trådar från forumet incels.is och har sedan analyserats genom en tematisk innehållsanalys. Till vår hjälp i analysen har vi förhållit oss till tidigare forskning om mäns psykiska ohälsa och maskulinitetsnormer. För att skapa en djupare förståelse kring användarna på forumets beskrivningar, har vi använt oss utav Raewyn Connells maskulinitetsteori med betoning på begreppet hegemonisk maskulinitet. Genom att använda oss av en tematisk innehållsanalys har vi kunnat urskilja tre teman av vårt insamlade empiriska material: Att vara underordnad andra män, hur maskulinitetsnormer påverkar sociala relationer och psykisk ohälsa utifrån känslohantering.  Utifrån vårt resultat så framkommer det att användarnas bild av sig själva präglas av tankar om att de är oattraktiva i jämförelse med andra män, som besitter de allra mest önskvärda idealen för en man. På grund av att de inte uppbär det rätta utseendet så påverkas deras chanser till sociala relationer. Användarnas brist på sexuella och sociala relationer beskrivs skapa depression och ensamhet vilket leder till att de ofta diskuterar hanteringen av dessa känslor i form av att rätta till sitt utseende eller begå självmord. Resultatet av vår studie motsäger inte tidigare forskning men belyser att det handlar mer om yttre ideal än om inre ideal, såsom personlighet kopplat till hur du ska vara som man. Det framkommer också i tidigare forskning att psykisk ohälsa och depression har en koppling till sammanhang där man talar om maskulinitet på ett negativt sätt, vilket vår studies resultat även belyser. Vi vill med vår studie öka kunskapen och förståelsen för maskulinitetsnormer och maskulinitetsideal i förhållande till mäns psykiska ohälsa. Konsekvenserna av obehandlad psykisk ohälsa bland män påtalas i tidigare forskning kunna leda till sociala problem som självmord, våld mot kvinnor och psykisk ohälsa. Detta påvisas i resultatet av vår studie och återfinns på det forum vi studerat.

The purpose of the study is to make a netnographic comparison between the groups of Incels and Forever Alone Women in a way that has not been done before. With the study, we want to shine new light on how online interactions take place and how these affect people. The study uses Collins' theory of interaction rituals to highlight how people create bonds and feelings for each other through written language and how these affect them even when the computer is turned off. The study was carried out through a non-participation in the forums Incels.is and Reddit.com, where the focus has been on the use of language and repetitions of the language. The collected material has then been analyzed through a thematic analysis to then carry out a comparison between the groups to demonstrate similarities and differences. The results and analysis demonstrate how the interactions that take place online have a major impact on the participants' self-images and the ways in which conversations take place in the forums. The study has been able to show how the groups discuss similar topics but how the conversations look completely different between the forums. Collins' theory was helpful in creating an understanding of causality, that is, the cause and effect of why the interactions look the way they do in the specific groups. The response participants receive to their posts has proven to be of great importance in understanding why they continue to participate and reproduce what is written in the forums. The closeness that is created in the forums gives rise to an emotional energy and a feeling of similarity to the other participants, which has proven to be of great importance in order to stay in the forums. The conclusion is that two groups that suffer from the same kind of exclusion deal with it in different ways.

Involuntary celibates (Incels) are an online community of men who struggle to find sexual and romantic relationships. Some members of the Incel community have increasingly become extreme misogynists and have committed lethal attacks across North America and Europe in response to their sexual frustration and loneliness. Scholars have argued that there is a lack of recognition by political and judicial actors of the potential security threat that Incels pose. This lack of recognition could subsequently result in a lack of securitization of the threat and allow the community to continue to grow. The transnational consequences, through the use of online platforms for radicalization, if Incels are not recognized and securitized provide a relevant International Relations topic. The aim of this research was to determine whether relevant security agents in the US, Canada, and Europe had, over the past years, recognized Incels as a security threat and if a process of securitization had been initiated. The results were that only the EU could be determined to have initiated a securitization process of Incels, Canada’s security agent to a large degree recognized the threat Incels may pose but had not initiated a securitization process, and the US could not be determined to have fully recognized the threat nor initiated a process of securitization.

Scholars often consider ideology a crucial factor for radicalisation, but some groups appear radical even though they have been described as lacking clear ideologies. This thesis will explore why members of the incel community appear radical despite the community’s lack of a rigid ideology. I explore this through a narrative analysis focusing on collective identities and emotions as narrated and potential driving forces of radicalisation. My study has identified two narratives, the incel as inferior and the incel as superior. The analysis shows that radicalisation is more prominent in the second narrative. In the first narrative, the victimhood and hopelessness serve as a foundation for the expressions of violence found in the second one based on perceived injustices. My findings suggest that the narration of collective identities and emotional dimensions is crucial for the radicalisation of members of the incel community since collective identities create a sense of belonging to the community and guide actions based on “emotional batteries”.

We live in a globalized world that is changing rapidly. We interconnect between cultures in different ways. But what if we want to go global with a performance to go around the world, without modifying the piece? Is that possible? How to be international but without losing the here and now by reading subtitles? The diversity of sounds when speaking on stage can embrace otherness, the audience's encounter with a language that may not be familiar to them. This is my journey through creating a play to broaden the audiences I can reach as much as possible.

We live in a globalized world that is changing rapidly. We interconnect between cultures in different ways. But what if we want to go global with a performance to go around the world, without modifying the piece? Is that possible? How to be international without losing the hear and now by reading subtitles? The diversity of sounds when speaking on stage can embrace otherness, the audience's encounter with a language that may not be familiar to them. This is my journey through creating a play to broaden the audiences I can reach as much as possible.