Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:30:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aurea Lucia Magalhaes Cardoso.pdf: 1484578 bytes, checksum: f28a47fce4b565618c130682c2366c38 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-26 / The present study aimed to analyze the role of language in its highest psychological function in mediating the formation of indigenous teaching process, seeking to understand their influence on the way of being and acting of individuals and the processing and maintenance of culture. Through the indicators of meaning, we seek to understand the aspects involved in training for the teaching that takes place mainly with non-native teachers, using the English language as a mediator of the process. This study is located within the School Psychology spectrum, and adopted as a theoretical and methodological contribution to Historic-Cultural Psychology,whose main representative Vigotski. The context researched was from the Course Teaching Indigenous Tam?'kan in the State of Roraima, and the form of construction of the information with the students in classroom were observed and semi- structured interviews with 10 students of the course, subjects in this study and three interviews with three leaders of the course in question, which we call informants . The process that analyzing elects contextual clipping that participants tall about experience as a guiding principle of our postulations and focusing on family, school life, training in teaching of professional activities. The results indicate positive meaning about teaching profession and the great appreciation of teachers who are committed and able to transform the reality they experience in educational communities as well as community action and themselves. As a result, it was found that the settings of meanings about teaching are forged by numerous contradictions experienced by students from an early age, embracing the influence of history and cultures that permeate their experiences and life. These contradictions descends from attribution that indigenous community and society give the teachers on the one hand, and the community and society they collect of these same professionals on the other hand, such as knowing different themes; remain committed to their communities, to have mastery of the indigenous language and strive for building habits and universal behavior. / A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar o papel da l?ngua enquanto fun??o psicol?gica superior na media??o do processo de constitui??o da doc?ncia ind?gena, buscando compreender sua influ?ncia no modo de ser e agir dos sujeitos e na transforma??o e manuten??o da cultura. Por meio dos indicadores de sentidos, buscamos compreender os aspectos implicados na forma??o para o magist?rio, que se realiza em grande parte por professores n?o ind?genas, utilizando-se da l?ngua portuguesa como mediadora do processo. Este estudo se localiza dentro do espectro da Psicologia Escolar, e adotou como aporte te?rico-metodol?gico a Psicologia Hist?rico-cultural, que tem como principal representante Vigotski. O contexto da pesquisa foi o Curso Magist?rio Ind?gena Tam? kan, no Estado de Roraima, e a forma de constru??o das informa??es com os estudantes foram observa??es de aulas e dez entrevistas semiestruturadas com os estudantes do curso, sujeitos desta pesquisa e tr?s entrevistas com tr?s dirigentes do curso em quest?o, os quais denominamos de informantes. Como procedimento de an?lise, elegemos recortes contextuais de que participam os sujeitos tomando a viv?ncia como eixo norteador de nossas postula??es e focalizando a fam?lia, a vida escolar, a forma??o no magist?rio e a atividade profissional. Os resultados sinalizam sentidos positivos sobre a profiss?o de professor e a grande valoriza??o da doc?ncia como a??o compromissada e capaz de transformar a realidade educacional que vivenciam nas comunidades, assim como a pr?pria comunidade e a si pr?prios. Ainda como resultados, constatou-se que as configura??es de sentidos sobre a doc?ncia s?o forjadas em meio a in?meras contradi??es vivenciadas pelos estudantes desde muito cedo, abarcando a influ?ncia da hist?ria e das culturas que permeiam suas experi?ncias e viv?ncias. Essas contradi??es derivam da atribui??o que a comunidade e a sociedade ind?gena conferem aos professores, por um lado, e da cobran?a desta mesma comunidade e sociedade a estes profissionais, tais como: conhecer diferentes temas, manter o compromisso com suas comunidades. ter o dom?nio da l?ngua ind?gena e primar pela constru??o de h?bitos e condutas universais.

The education reform efforts in Botswana have focused predominantly on teacher preparation, recruitment and compensation. Recruitment efforts have resulted in a significant number of expatriates working with indigenous teachers in many schools. However, as the schools are currently upgraded and restructured, the quality of the working relationships forged between indigenous and expatriate teachers represents one vital aspect in the reform effort that has gone almost unattended. Many teachers have become dissatisfied and concerned about these relationships, despite compensation and preparation. A decisive first step in attending to these relationships lies in understanding how they develop. The aim of this exploratory study was to identify and describe factors related to the development of working relationships between indigenous and expatriate teachers and illustrate how those factors contribute to the development of these relationships. The study employed a micropolitical perspective and through phenomenological interviews, observation and document analysis, indicated that cultural differences in language and communication, regard for time, handling of student discipline, work ethics and professionalism along with ambiguity and uncertainty, professional and interpersonal obligations, indigenous to expatriate teacher ratio and the interplay of micropolitics are related to the development of these relationships. Results, however, are specific to one school context and should not be generalized. The study recommends management strategies such as provision of programmes for cultural exchange, communication mode standardization, a dean of discipline system, faculty building and further research to redress the situation. / Further Teacher Education / M.Ed.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The training of indigenous teachers in Brazil comes to fill the gap of this professional in Basic Education in indigenous territories. In the Northern Region of Brazil, the initial training of these teachers is currently carried out by nine undergraduate courses; of these, eight courses offer, among others, the qualification in Ciências da Natureza (CN) [Natural Sciences]. This research aims to study the training proposed in the Projetos Pedagógicos de Curso (PPCs) [Pedagogical Course Projects] of the Licenciaturas Interculturais (LI) [Intercultural Bachelor’s degrees] for the training of indigenous teachers in CN in the Northern region of Brazil and the vision of the representatives of the national movement of the Educação Escolar Indígena (EEI) [Indigenous School Education], collaborators of this research, about this formation. The research uses a qualitative approach and the collections were performed through documentary analysis and interviews. In the documentary analysis we studied the PPCs of five LI of the North Region and the guidelines and referential for the training of indigenous teachers. The interviews were conducted with representatives of the Brazilian EEI movement, such as indigenous and non-indigenous intellectuals, indigenous teachers and IEE managers. These training proposals in CN indicate that in the elaboration of the PPCs it was sought to attend the indigenous specificities. Among these proposals we observe proximity between objectives and justifications, as well as in times and spaces. In the methodological and organizational aspects, we verified greater diversity in the proposals regarding the education arrengements, academic regime, curricular organization, activities and methodology. We find that in these PPCs political knowledge has a greater presence in general formation than in specific formation in CN, explaining that in most of these PPCs, about specific formation, there is some distance from the discussions about the social role of Science. Regarding the content knowledge, in two PPCs the contents are centered on the so-called universal knowledge; in others the universal knowledge is articulated with other knowledge, stressing indigenous wisdom. We verified that all training proposals seek to promote dialogue between knowledges, but it was not clear how will this proposal be implemented. On the collaborators point of view, we observe that they think of courses organized according to the aspirations of the indigenous peoples as a way of contributing with their corporate projects, configuring as spaces of struggle, that is, of political formation, with the participation of indigenous leaders and wise men in this formation. In their speeches we can notice the demand that indigenous teachers have a solid formation regarding scientific contents, however, this formation and practice cannot be separated from the dialogue with indigenous tradition. Thus, in comparison to the PPCs, it was spoken in defense of intercultural dialogue. The collaborators also make a critical analysis of the indigenous practices and the scientific contents to be worked on in the teacher training. We concluded that these proposals contemplate many aspects of the official documents and the indigenous movement’s agenda, since they announce a formation based on the specificities of the indigenous peoples. However, regarding the proposal of qualification in CN there is a certain approximation and detachment from the assumptions of intercultural education that were explained in the elements regarding curricular organization, in some projects with a disciplinary character, and the content centered on the so-called universal knowledge. / A formação de professores indígenas no Brasil surge para suprir a carência desse profissional na Educação Básica em territórios indígenas. Na Região Norte do Brasil, a formação inicial desses professores, atualmente, é feita por nove cursos de graduação; destes, oito cursos ofertam, entre outras, a habilitação em Ciências da Natureza (CN). Essa pesquisa tem como objetivo estudar a formação proposta nos Projetos Pedagógicos de Curso (PPCs) das Licenciaturas Interculturais (LI) para formação de professores indígenas em CN na região Norte do Brasil e a visão dos representantes do movimento nacional da Educação Escolar Indígena (EEI), especialistas informantes, desta pesquisa, sobre essa formação. A pesquisa tem abordagem qualitativa e as coletas foram realizadas por meio da análise documental e entrevistas. Na análise documental estudamos os PPCs de cinco LI da Região Norte e as diretrizes e referenciais para formação de professores indígenas. As entrevistas foram realizadas com representantes do movimento brasileiro da EEI, como intelectuais indígenas e não indígenas, professores indígenas e gestores da EEI. Essas propostas formativas em CN indicam que na elaboração dos PPCs buscou-se atender as especificidades indígenas. Entre essas propostas observamos proximidade entre os objetivos e justificativas, assim como nos tempos e espaços. Nos aspectos metodológicos e organizacionais, verificamos maior diversidade nas propostas quanto à modalidade de ensino, regime acadêmico, organização curricular, atividades e metodologia. Constatamos que nesses PPCs os saberes políticos estão mais presentes na formação geral do que na formação específica em CN, explicitando que na maioria desses PPCs, acerca da formação específica, há certa distância das discussões do papel social da Ciência. Referente aos saberes de conteúdo, em dois PPCs os conteúdos estão centrados nos saberes ditos universais; nos demais os saberes universais estão articulados com outros saberes, destacando os saberes indígenas. Verificamos que todas as propostas formativas buscam promover o diálogo entre saberes, mas não ficou evidente como será efetivada essa proposta. Sobre a visão dos especialistas, observamos que pensam em cursos organizados de acordo com as aspirações dos povos indígenas como forma de contribuir com seus projetos societários, configurando-se como espaços de luta, ou seja, de formação política, com a participação de sábios e lideranças indígenas nessa formação. Percebemos em suas falas a exigência de que os professores indígenas tenham uma sólida formação no que diz respeito aos conteúdos científicos, contudo, essa formação e atuação não podem ser desvinculadas do diálogo com a tradição indígena. De tal modo, em comparação com os PPCs, falaram mais na defesa do diálogo intercultural. Os especialistas fazem ainda uma análise crítica das práticas indígenas e dos conteúdos científicos a serem trabalhados na formação do professor. Concluímos que essas propostas contemplam muitos aspectos dos documentos oficiais e da pauta do movimento indígena, pois anunciam uma formação fundamentada nas especificidades dos povos indígenas. Contudo, no que diz respeito à proposta da habilitação em CN há certa aproximação e distanciamento dos pressupostos da educação intercultural que foram explicitadas nos elementos referentes à organização curricular, em alguns projetos com caráter disciplinar, e os conteúdos centrados nos conhecimentos ditos universais. / São Cristóvão, SE