This thesis synthesises theoretical and empirical knowledge from four strands of the innovation literature and then uses this knowledge to develop a framework for analysing the determinants of innovation. The framework is tested on one part of the New Zealand economy - the biotechnology sector - an area of rapid technological change where innovation is of particular significance. Theoretical approaches to the economics of innovation and technological change are reviewed with particular reference to the neo-classical, endogenous growth, evolutionary and systems of innovation approaches. Alternative methods of measuring innovation output and innovation rate are also discussed. This is followed by a series of hypotheses regarding the determinants of innovation and a review of their place in the innovation literature. The thesis includes a detailed description of the New Zealand biotechnology sector based on a re-analysis of the first comprehensive (1998/99) survey of biotechnology in New Zealand, data from an original (2002) survey conducted by the author, data from interviews with senior management in a sample of biotechnology firms and a detailed review of secondary sources. This material is used in chapter 5 to address the question 'Does New Zealand have an innovation system for biotechnology?' Count data regression models and data from the 1998/99 and 2002 surveys are then used to test the framework's innovation hypotheses. Hypothesis testing focuses on the effects of several determinants (firm size, firm type, conduct of R, involvement in modern biotechnology, specialisation, and alliances) on innovation output and the innovation rate. Results relating to the effect of demand, technological opportunity and appropriability are also reported. The analysis in this thesis confirms the importance of most of the innovation determinants included in the framework. It also provides a detailed examination of the biotechnology sector and empirical insights into the innovation behaviour of biotech enterprises in New Zealand. Prior to the analysis in this thesis, knowledge of the sector's parameters was very limited or absent.

<p>Around the world, regions are developing their knowledge-based assets in order to stay competitive in today's global economy. Europe alone is home to more than a thousand cluster initiatives. There are an overwhelming number of innovative regions and "valleys" competing to become the place to live and do business within a particular field. In this highly competitive environment, marketing directors and innovation system executives must develop and execute a well conceived branding strategy in order to survive and thrive. </p><p>    Regional innovation systems are complex constructions often involving a variety of clusters, agendas and business models across a large number of partners from the business world, academia and society, each with their own best interest at heart. Unlike a company with a business idea and a range of products, an innovation system encompasses a multitude of business ideas and offerings that, when taken in the aggregate, are often abstract in nature.</p><p>     The purpose of this study is to address some common challenges when building the brand of a regional innovation system and attempt to identify some possible solutions for how to successfully overcome those challenges. In doing so, a selection of eight experts and practitioners in the field of regional innovation systems have been interviewed. </p><p>      The four most important challenges in the branding of regional innovation systems are converting interested bystanders into committed stakeholders, juggling the brands of multiple stakeholders, communicating the complex subject of innovation and technology, and building and maintaining brand trust in a localized, close-knit environment. </p><p>     The findings in this report suggest that branding an innovation system requires a unique approach - different branding channels and skill sets - compared to traditional product branding.  As a result I recommend that regional innovation systems focus on four major brand strategies: setting and managing brand expectations, ambassador development, creating a <em>Branded Warehouse</em>, and storytelling.      </p><p>       First in setting and managing brand expectations, it is important to communicate clearly so that potential members understand what the initiative is all about and why they should be excited about it. Paint a vision specific enough to drive interest but not so specific that members feel they have no input into the mission. Once consensus has been reached it's important to manage the different brand expectations so that all members are satified.</p><p>      Suitable champions on a regional, national and international level can act as ambassadors of the regional innovation system, spreading the brand message in the right networks by the power of their own individual credibility. Brand managers should work proactively with the board to leverage their networks to the greatest extent possible. </p><p>    The findings in this paper suggest that the best approach for juggling multiple brands may be a <em>Branded Warehouse</em> model where a strong branded house is just as important to the success of the initiative as the strength of the brands inside that house. </p><p>    Identifying, creating and spreading the narratives that define the brand help people grasp the complex subject of a regional innovation system. For spreading the brand message both within and outside of the region, the media and ambassadors are unrivaled tools.  </p><p>          </p>

Introduction  With great deal of emphasis being placed at a company‘s ability to innovate for its continual survival, and the role the Innovation Cul-ture at a company plays in achieving that innovation, and translating the dream into reality, we set out to study a one such case, Al-Elm Information Security Company, in Riyadh Saudi Arabia, which had achieved phenomenal growth over the last 6 years through innova-tion. Therefore in this thesis will discuss and present the role of In-novation Culture in driving growth, particularly in Al-Elm‘s case, as our case study for this research paper.PurposeThe purpose of this research thesis is to study and analyze the role of innovation culture in Al-Elm Information Security Company‘s con-tinued survival and explosive growth.MethodTo fulfill the purpose of this thesis, we followed qualitative research and conducted semi structured and structured interviews with both open ended and closed ended questions through the means of fae-to-face on site interviews in Riyadh Saudi Arabia where Al-Elm is lo-cated, to collect the empirical data. For this study, we have included only seven interviews out of a total of twelve interviews we con-ducted for the purpose of this research, following purposive sam-pling. In the analysis, we analyzed Al-Elm‘s previous success based on Innovation, its current growth trajectory, as well as future projec-tions based on the Innovation Culture, providing insights based on both the empirical findings as well as literature. We deducted the conclusion that innovation culture is the vital source to keep the company, Al-Elm, continually survive and thrive, and grow fur-ther. Actually innovation culture is embedded in the company system and also is a habit for all the people within the organization. Innovation culture makes employee generate more useful ideas and then put them into practice for the company, which is why company has experienced phenomenal growth and has grown exponentially in terms of revenue and size.

Around the world, regions are developing their knowledge-based assets in order to stay competitive in today's global economy. Europe alone is home to more than a thousand cluster initiatives. There are an overwhelming number of innovative regions and "valleys" competing to become the place to live and do business within a particular field. In this highly competitive environment, marketing directors and innovation system executives must develop and execute a well conceived branding strategy in order to survive and thrive.      Regional innovation systems are complex constructions often involving a variety of clusters, agendas and business models across a large number of partners from the business world, academia and society, each with their own best interest at heart. Unlike a company with a business idea and a range of products, an innovation system encompasses a multitude of business ideas and offerings that, when taken in the aggregate, are often abstract in nature.      The purpose of this study is to address some common challenges when building the brand of a regional innovation system and attempt to identify some possible solutions for how to successfully overcome those challenges. In doing so, a selection of eight experts and practitioners in the field of regional innovation systems have been interviewed.        The four most important challenges in the branding of regional innovation systems are converting interested bystanders into committed stakeholders, juggling the brands of multiple stakeholders, communicating the complex subject of innovation and technology, and building and maintaining brand trust in a localized, close-knit environment.       The findings in this report suggest that branding an innovation system requires a unique approach - different branding channels and skill sets - compared to traditional product branding.  As a result I recommend that regional innovation systems focus on four major brand strategies: setting and managing brand expectations, ambassador development, creating a Branded Warehouse, and storytelling.              First in setting and managing brand expectations, it is important to communicate clearly so that potential members understand what the initiative is all about and why they should be excited about it. Paint a vision specific enough to drive interest but not so specific that members feel they have no input into the mission. Once consensus has been reached it's important to manage the different brand expectations so that all members are satified.       Suitable champions on a regional, national and international level can act as ambassadors of the regional innovation system, spreading the brand message in the right networks by the power of their own individual credibility. Brand managers should work proactively with the board to leverage their networks to the greatest extent possible.      The findings in this paper suggest that the best approach for juggling multiple brands may be a Branded Warehouse model where a strong branded house is just as important to the success of the initiative as the strength of the brands inside that house.      Identifying, creating and spreading the narratives that define the brand help people grasp the complex subject of a regional innovation system. For spreading the brand message both within and outside of the region, the media and ambassadors are unrivaled tools.

Purpose: The main purpose is to investigate how the two companies in a cross-national context pursue innovation particularly in the process of achieving eco-innovations practices in manufacturing operation Method: An in-depth interviewing approach was used conducting a face-to-face interview and an online video conference. Research question: " What are the key differences in the process of achieving eco-innovations in the production systems between two household refrigerator manufacturing companies in a cross-national context? " Sub-questions: 1. Why do the companies pursue eco-innovations? 2. How do the companies manage eco-innovations? 3. Who in the companies is involved in achieving eco-innovations? 4. What measurements are used to determine the success of eco-innovations? Findings: The results suggest that the organizations in each country respond to different demand and orientation. They also deploy differences in approach and involving actors towards achieving eco-innovation journey Limitations While the findings are induced from a case study of two companies in a particular industry in Thailand and Sweden, the generalizability of the findings is somehow limited

The topic of Regional Innovation System (RIS) is gradually emphasized. The RIS includes four compositions. They are local government, industry, university and public research organization. The RIS results in industry cluster and provides economic development in regions such as known Silicon Valley. Thus, many countries have begun to develop RIS. In recent days, Mainland China has put emphasis on regional technology development. The experience of regional innovation in Mainland China may provide a suggestion for Taiwan. However, how to evaluate regional innovation performance is attractive. The performance of RIS in Mainland China is examined in the context of a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model. The model is tested using data from a sample of 31 cities in Mainland China. This study will provide some important innovation suggestions for regional innovation activities.

Orientadores: Sérgio Luiz Monteiro Salles-Filho, José Luiz Pereira Brittes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Geociências / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T08:39:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pfitzner_MarianaSavedra_D.pdf: 3862118 bytes, checksum: 9a91b33404d084ed4ec0400408836816 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Esta tese analisa os Sistemas Setoriais de Inovação (SSIs) de energia e mineração brasileiros, comparando-os com os de outros três países (Canadá, Alemanha e Austrália) e mostra evidências de que os SSIs e seu respectivo modelo de gestão da inovação co-evoluem e são coerentes em seus níveis de desenvolvimento. Os SSIs são pautados pelas relações mercadológicas e não-mercadológicas entre seus atores, isto é, empresas, governos e Instituições de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICTs). A avaliação dos SSIs de energia e mineração aqui proposta está fundamentada em três eixos, que representam o macroambiente (externo à empresa), assim como no conjunto de estruturas (fatores determinantes), processos e ferramentas de gestão da inovação, pertencentes ao microambiente empresarial. Quanto ao macroambiente, o Eixo 1 constitui-se da dinâmica produtiva e de C,T&I do Brasil e demais países, derivada da análise das cadeias produtivas e da construção de indicadores setoriais de esforço e desempenho, os quais ajudam a caracterizar a densidade dos SSIs brasileiros vis-à-vis o Canadá, a Alemanha e a Austrália. O Eixo 2 descreve os grupos de atores comuns a todos os países e avalia seu protagonismo, presença, influência e dependência nos respectivos SSIs. O Eixo 3 analisa marcos e diplomas legais favoráveis à difusão da inovação. Por seu turno, a caracterização do microambiente empresarial é feita por intermédio de multiple case studies e de indicadores de esforço e desempenho em seis empresas brasileiras (Vale, Samarco, Cemig, CPFL, Furnas e Eletronorte). Na condução dos estudos de caso mapearam-se estratégias, processos de gestão da inovação, ferramentas, governança e aspectos da cultura empresarial que são comuns às empresas. Tem-se que a gestão da inovação nas organizações pesquisadas co-evolui com o macroambiente dos SSIs ¿ os quais não têm densidade ¿ e está adstrita ao desenvolvimento desses / Abstract: This PhD analyses the Brazilian Sectoral Systems of Innovation (SSIs) for energy and mining by comparing them with other countries (Canada, Germany and Australia) and it also shows evidences that the model of innovation management in organizations co-evolve coherently with the requirements of the SSI. The SSIs are based on market and non-market relations, including companies, government and Science and Technology Institutions (STIs). The proposed evaluation of the SSIs for energy and mining is based on three axes that represent the macroenvironment (outside companies¿ boarders) and a group of structures as well as innovation management processes and tools, which belong to the microenvironment. Regarding the macroenvironment, the first axis is formed by the productive and ST&I (Science, Technology and Innovation) dynamics particularly on the productive chains and performance indicators. This axis characterize Brazilian¿s SSIs density vis-à-vis the Canadian, German and Australian ones. The second Axis describes common groups of actors for the selected countries and evaluates their role, presence, influence and dependence regarding their SSIs. The third axis analyses the legal aspects that foster innovation diffusion. The characterization of the organizational microenvironment is carried by multiple case studies and indicators that measure effort and performance in six Brazilian companies (Vale, Samarco, Cemig, CPFL, Furnas and Eletronote). While analysing the case studies, the strategies, processes of innovation management, governance and aspects of the organizational culture that are common to the companies have been raised. Therefore, innovation management in organizations co-evolves with the macroenvironment of the Brazilian SSIs ¿ which do not have density ¿ and its development is attached to them / Doutorado / Politica Cientifica e Tecnologica / Doutora em Política Científica e Tecnológica

Biomethane (upgraded form of biogas) holds unlocked potential as a substitute to fossil natural gas, in terms of achieving climate reduction targets as well as developing a locally secured fuel supply. Biomethane is fully compatible with the existing natural gas grid infrastructure. Currently, nine countries in European Union are practicing natural gas grid injection. Remaining countries are in various phases of development concerning production and utilisation of biomethane. Successful deployment of a biomethane project requires coordinated action in terms of academic, industrial and economic co-operation. It demands established legal and political framework as well as supportive financial conditions. The thesis aims at researching how the state of development of biomethane generation and utilization gets affected by the support activities within a countries policy framework? To seek a solution, the theoretical framework of “Technological Innovation System (TIS)” is adapted. TIS provide a methodological approach to assess the development of an upcoming technology under the existing policies, regulatory and financial conditions. In the given study, the framework of TIS is adapted to the technology of “biomethane generation and injection into natural gas grid”. This adaptation led to the development of: Detailed overlapping matrix of the main structural components i.e. Actors, Networks and Institutions and their corresponding activities across the value chain. Development of a set of diagnostic questions and performance indicators, enabling an assessment of the dynamics of the technological system, eventually leading to the identification of strengths and weaknesses in the system. The adapted technological system analysis framework is further applied on two countries “Germany and UK” as case studies. With the aid of diagnostic questions, the dynamic system characteristics are evaluated in each country context. Germany reveals a well-functioning biomethane TIS. Considerable knowledge base and experience is available, appropriate policies and financial incentives are in place, dedicated organisations are established to address the technological and industrial issues. Germany currently has a market promoting biomethane utilisation via CHP applications. Further growth can be expected by addressing resource mobilisation to fulfill a larger share of heat demand and application as renewable transport fuel. Biomethane industry is in its nascent stage in the UK. At the time of thesis research two upgrading plants are in operation. Analysis of the system functions within UK, signals a healthy biogas industry, but there is lack of activity within the “biomethane” context. The industry is in the stage of knowledge development. Biomethane production is well communicated within national strategies. The key technical issues being encountered by the industry are the focus of research. A balanced market formation would require increasing the resource mobilisation in terms of availability of skilled manpower as well as providing access to financial capital. The industry is experiencing pilot trials and subsequent dissemination of information of the results of these trials to the stakeholders in the value chain is recommended. Overall, Technological Innovation System (TIS) has been an effective tool to evaluate the national approach towards development and deployment of biomethane as a technology .Moreover TIS assists in systematic identification of the strengths and weaknesses of the system. It provides a methodological approach to statically and dynamically analyse biomethane development strategy within a given region and can also assist in benchmarking the development conditions in more than one region. / European Project Titled "GreenGasGrids"

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2017-09-28T13:48:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Samuel Martim de Conto_.pdf: 7491691 bytes, checksum: 80110bf6960d9ac867d4989bbe145ffc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-28T13:48:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Samuel Martim de Conto_.pdf: 7491691 bytes, checksum: 80110bf6960d9ac867d4989bbe145ffc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-30 / Nenhuma / A formação histórica da economia do Rio Grande do Sul está alicerçada na produção primária em geral, com predomínio das pequenas propriedades rurais. Atualmente, a característica do setor industrial gaúcho é distinto da maior parte dos demais Estados do pais, como por exemplo São Paulo. Dessa forma, com o constante aumento da competitividade e tendo no RS o predomínio de micro, pequenas e médias empresas de capital nacional, faz-se necessário compreender as estruturas de apoio no desenvolvimento e introdução de inovações nas empresas. Assim, esta tese teve como objetivo geral compreender a dinâmica de relacionamento das empresas gaúchas com os Sistemas de Inovação Regional e Nacional tendo em vista a promoção da inovação. Para atender ao objetivo de estudo, foi utilizado um procedimento metodológico do tipo pesquisa quantitativa descritiva, através da realização de pesquisa junto à 83 empresas da indústria de transformação, localizadas nas cinco maiores regiões do RS em número de estabelecimentos industriais, a saber: Metropolitano Delta do Jacuí, Paranhana – Encosta da Serra, Serra, Vale do Rio dos Sinos e Vale do Taquari. Foi utilizado o teste não-paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis para identificar com quais atores dos Sistemas de Inovação as empresas tiveram mais interações nos anos de 2015 e 2016. Os resultados gerais apontaram que as empresas industriais participantes da pesquisa, em relação ao Sistema Nacional de Inovação, a interação está associada com a obtenção de financiamento público através, principalmente, dos atores BNDES, FINEP e Banco do Brasil. Já quanto ao relacionamento das pequenas, médias e grandes empresas gaúchas com o Sistema Regional de Inovação, ocorreram principalmente com o ator Universidades, particularmente as regionais, que tem um amplo conhecimento das necessidades e demandas da região onde atuam. Por fim, são apresentadas sugestões de melhorias no dinamismo dos Sistemas de Inovação, sobretudo, na ampliação das políticas de apoio ao desenvolvimento da inovação no ambiente empresarial, bem como, das fontes de financiamento e agências de fomento voltadas à inovação. / The historical formation of the economy of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) state is based mainly on primary sector with a predominance of small rural properties. Currently, the characteristics of the industrial sector of Rio Grande do Sul are distinct from most of the other states of the country, such as São Paulo for example. With the constant increase in the competitiveness and the predominance of micro, small and medium enterprises with national capital, it becomes necessary to understand the support structures required for the development of innovation into the companies of RS. The general objective of this work is understanding the dynamics of relationship between the companies and the Regional and National Innovation Systems in order to promote innovation. For obtaining the study goals, a descriptive and quantitative research was performed through a survey made in 83 companies from the manufacturing sector, all of them located in the five largest state regions in number of industrial establishments (Metropolitano Delta do Jacuí, Paranhana - Encosta da Serra, Serra, Vale do Rio dos Sinos and Vale do Taquari). Still, the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was made to identify which actors of the Innovation Systems the companies had more interactions in the years of 2015 and 2016, respectively. The general results pointed out that these companies that participated in the survey, in relation to the National System of Innovation, had more interaction associated with the purpose of obtaining public financing through mainly the BNDES (Brazilian Development Bank), FINEP (Funding Authority for Studies and Projects) and Bank of Brasil actors. Regarding to the relationship between small, medium and large companies in Rio Grande do Sul state and the Regional Innovation System, they were mainly universities, particularly regional ones, with a large background of the regional needs and demands where they operate. Finally some suggestions are presented for improvements in the dynamism of Innovation Systems, especially in the expansion of suport policies for the development of innovation in the business environment, as well as funding sources and innovation agencies.

Inovacijos yra plačiai vertinamos kaip ekonomikos augimo ir konkurencingumo varomoji jėga. Regioninė inovacinė sistema gali būti suvokiama kaip inovatyvių tinklų ir institucijų sistema, veikianti tam tikrame regione, ir per nuolatinį bei stiprų vidinį sąveikavimą užtikrinanti regiono įmonių novatoriškumą. Regioninės inovacijų sistemos koncepcija akcentuoja sąveikos ir bendradarbiavimo tarp įvairių veikėjų, tokių kaip: įmonės, viešos mokslinių tyrimų ir plėtros institucijos, įskaitant universitetus, vieši ar privatūs technologijų perdavimo centrai, svarbą. Autorės darbe atliktas Klaipėdos regiono bendradarbiavimo inovacinėje srityje empirinis tyrimas ir pritaikant tyrimo duomenis sudaryta Klaipėdos regiono inovacijų sistemos SSGG analizė. Tyrimo objektas – verslo įmonių bendradarbiavimo veiksmai Klaipėdos regiono inovacinėje sistemoje. Tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti Klaipėdos regiono įmonių tarpusavio bei bendradarbiavimo su mokslinių tyrimų ir plėtros institucijomis ryšius inovacinėje veikloje ir atsižvelgiant į tyrimo rezultatus pateikti rekomendacijas Klaipėdos apskrities regioninės inovacinės sistemos tobulinimui. Pirmoje darbo dalyje analizuojami regioninės inovacinės sistemos ir resursais grįstos regioninės plėtros ir žinių persiliejimo koncepcijų teoriniai aspektai, taip pat inovatyvumo lygis Lietuvoje. Antroje dalyje pateikiama tyrimo metodologija ir metodai. Trečioje dalyje atliekamas Klaipėdos regiono verslo įmonių tarpusavio bei bendradarbiavimo su mokslo ir plėtros... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Innovations are widely seen as the driving force of economic growth and competitiveness. The regional innovation system can be understood as a system of innovative networks and institutions located within a certain region, with a strong internal interaction that promotes the innovativeness of the region’s companies. The concept of an innovation regional system stresses the role of the interaction and co – operation between various agents such as companies, public research and development institutions including universities, scientific institutes and public or private technology transfer centers. The author of the paper undertook research into the regional innovation system of Klaipeda’s county. The object of this research is to analyze the interactions between enterprises and different research institutions in the region regarding innovation activities. The survey of enterprises measured different types of linkages which characterize firms’ innovation activity. The aim of the research is to analyze the interaction and co – operation in innovation activity between enterprises and public or private scientific research and development institutions in Klaipeda’s county, based on the results of the research to provide the recommendations on how to improve Klaipeda’s regional innovation system. The first part of the thesis analyzes the theoretical aspects of the regional innovation system, the resources - based regional development and the distribution of knowledge concepts and... [to full text]