The unpredictability of Semiconductor Industry Cycle and high business risk from high Capital Expenditure (in short Capex) result in IDM¡¦s (Integrated Devices Manufacturer) preference in ¡§Asset Lite¡¨ strategy. The key approaches are reducing Capex in in-house facilities, joint-venture Fab with other semiconductor companies, sell production facilities to foundry or SATS (Semiconductor Assembly and Test Service), spin-off part of semiconductor division to have better differentiation and even joint-venture with SATS, in one word, the structure of semiconductor industry is in transition stage. This study is to review the evolution process of semiconductor industry from only IDM in 60 year ago to the rise of Fabless company who is playing a very key role in some semiconductor devices. IDM had started to do outsource business and decided to increase the business volume. We are going to understand what influence Fabless had caused in the industry and how IDM could adjust itself toward outsourcing strategy.

Les travaux de cette thèse portent sur la conception et la réalisation de nanopinces optiques intégrées basées sur l’utilisation du champ proche pour piéger des nanoparticules de taille inférieure à 1 µm.Le dispositif proposé exploite l’existence d’un couplage fort entre un guide d'onde SOI et une chaîne d’ellipses d’or afin d’exciter efficacement des plasmons de surface localisés et ainsi créer une énergie potentielle suffisamment intense pour piéger des billes de polystyrène.Des simulations par la méthode FDTD permettent d’optimiser la géométrie de la structure et d’extraire des valeurs de constante de raideur et de potentiel d’énergie de piégeage. L’efficacité ainsi que la stabilité de piégeage du système sont évaluées en présence de particules de taille comprise entre 20 nm et 1 µm. Les travaux mettent en évidence qu’avec une simple ou une double chaîne plasmonique, des billes de polystyrène sont piégées de manière efficace lorsqu’elles ont une dimension comprise entre 50 et 250 nm de rayon avec une puissance incidente de 10 mW. Utiliser seulement deux ellipses d’or au-dessus d’un guide d’onde SOI localise mieux le champ électrique entre elle. Cette structure peut alors être utilisée comme capteurs et détecter le changement d’indice optique du milieu environnant ou encore la variation de la taille de la bille à piéger. Le piégeage de billes métalliques de dimension supérieure à 15 nm de rayon est également présenté. Il est aussi possible de concevoir des dispositifs permettant de contrôler la position d’une particule piégée le long d’une chaîne d’ellipses d’or en faisant varier la longueur d’onde de la lumière injectée dans le guide.Des dispositifs de piégeage sont fabriqués en salle blanche en exploitant les résultats obtenus par simulation et sont caractérisés sur un banc d'optique guidée. Des mesures de transmission optique détermine la longueur d'onde de résonance de la chaîne plasmonique, qui se traduit par une forte diminution de la transmission. Des expériences de piégeage optique mettent en évidence la possibilité de piéger de manière stable des nanoparticules diélectriques. Le suivi de la trajectoire des particules en fonction du temps permet de tracer des histogrammes de position et ainsi d’extraire les valeurs de l'énergie potentielle et de la constante de raideur du piège. Ces valeurs, déterminées expérimentalement, sont plus faibles que celles attendues par simulation. Cet écart peut être expliqué par la présence de vibrations mécaniques du banc de caractérisation optique.Ce dispositif de piégeage ouvre des perspectives d’applications dans le domaine des capteurs tout intégrés de taille nanométrique à faible puissance incidente. / This work is focused on the conception and the realisation of an integrated nano-tweezers based on the near field effect to trap nanoparticles smaller than 1 µm.The proposed device exploits the strong coupling between a SOI waveguide and a gold elliptic chain to excite the localized surface plasmon and to create a deep energy potential well to trap polystyrene beads.FDTD simulations are used to optimize the geometry of the structure and to extract the stiffness values and the potential energy. The efficiency and the trapping stability are evaluated with particles having size between 20 nm and 1 $upmu$m. This work shows that polystyrene beads with a radius between 50 and 250 nm are efficiently trapped thanks to single and double plasmonic chain with an injected power of 10 mW. The electric field is more localized when two gold elliptic nanocylinders on top of a SOI waveguide are considered. This structure can be used as a sensor to detect the shift of the optical index or the variation of the bead size. The tweezing of metallic beads having radius higher than 15 nm is also presented. It is also possible to control the position of the trap particle along a gold elliptic chain by varying the injected wavelength into the waveguide.Trapping device are fabricated in clean-room based on the simulations results of the geometry optimisation and are characterized on an optical bench. Optical measurements of transmission enable to determine the resonance wavelength of the plasmonic chain. Optical trapping experiment highlight the efficient tweezing of dielectric nanoparticles. With time resolved tracking method of the particle, position histograms can be plotted to extract potential energy and stiffness value. These experimentals results are not as good as the simulations results which can be explain by mechanic vibrations of the optical bench.This trapping device opens news applications in all integrated nanometric sensors with a small injected power.

<p> High index contrast optical waveguides have recently attracted much attention as a promising platform for ultradense photonic integrated circuits. The vector nature and fine geometry of such waveguiding structures impose new challenges for numerical modeling. By introducing the high-order finite-difference method, highly accurate and efficient modeling techniques have been developed in this thesis for simulation and design of high index contrast waveguiding structures with compact size.</p> <p> High-order mode solving techniques are first presented for modal analyses. Their advantages in accuracy have been demonstrated for high index contrast optical waveguides and bent waveguides with small bending radius.</p> <p> Later, a class of high-order propagation algorithms, including the paraxial and wide-angle beam propagation methods, reflective operator method and bidirectional beam propagation method, have been developed for modeling longitudinally slow-varying structures, single waveguide discontinuity and piecewise z-invariant structures, respectively. All the proposed propagation algorithms have been shown to provide significant improvement in accuracy and efficiency in comparison with conventional methods, especially when simulating high index contrast structures with small feature size.</p> <p> Accurate modeling of evanescent waves is critical for the simulation of strongly reflecting structures with high longitudinal index contrast. Various rational approximations to square root operators used in the bidirectional beam propagation method have been comprehensively assessed. Useful guidelines for accurate modeling of evanescent and propagating modes are provided.</p> <p> Finally, the efficient high-order bidirectional beam propagation method is introduced for the design of Bragg gratings on high index contrast and plasmonic waveguides. Good performance is achieved.</p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

En autorisant de nouveaux services centrés sur l'utilisateur (navigation indoor contextuelle, surveillance/inventaire de biens personnels, etc.), les nouvelles fonctions de radiolocalisation sont en passe de modifier en profondeur les usages liés à la mobilité. Dans ce contexte, la technologie radio ultra large bande impulsionnelle (IR-UWB), qui permet en théorie d'apprécier le temps de vol des impulsions transmises à l'échelle de la nanoseconde et donc, la distance séparant l'émetteur du récepteur avec une précision de l'ordre de quelques dizaines de centimètres seulement, a été régulièrement mise en avant ces dix dernières années. En dépit de ces bonnes dispositions, l'obstruction des liens radio par le(s) corps ou les obstacles (murs, mobilier...) donne toutefois lieu à des erreurs significatives sur les distances mesurées, dégradant d'autant les performances de positionnement, en particulier en environnements fermés (ex. indoor). Dans le cadre de cette thèse, on se proposait d'exploiter une architecture intégrée de récepteur IR-UWB, permettant d'estimer la réponse du canal multi-trajets dans son ensemble, afin d'améliorer la fonction de localisation. Une étude détaillée de ce canal radio mobile, tel que perçu par le récepteur, a d'abord été menée, débouchant sur une interprétation déterministe (c'est-à-dire géométrique) de l'évolution temporelle relative des composantes multi-trajets, ainsi qu'à une modélisation de leur interférence mutuelle. En s'appuyant sur l'étude précédente, des algorithmes de détection, d'association et de suivi des impulsions reçues (ex. batterie de filtres de Kalman à hypothèses multiples) ont alors été proposés. Ces différentes propositions tirent profit des spécificités de l'architecture du récepteur, en visant d'une part, à exploiter la cohérence spatio-temporelle des composantes multi-trajets résolues en réception, et d'autre part, à minimiser l'effet néfaste de leurs collisions au sein de canaux mobiles particulièrement denses (ex. via une estimation de canal multi-bandes). Les solutions apportées permettent en particulier, pour chaque lien radio en situation de non-visibilité, de corriger le temps d'arrivée des trajets directs manquants à partir de trajets secondaires suivis, tout en autorisant l'utilisation d'une structure de filtre classique pour la poursuite du mobile (c'est-à-dire, alimenté par plusieurs liens radio ainsi "corrigés" vis-à-vis de différentes balises fixes). Ces développements algorithmiques ont d'abord été validés par le biais de simulations (à partir d'un outil semi-déterministe, incluant un modèle de récepteur complet), avant d'être appliqués à un jeu de données réelles, issues de dispositifs radio IR-UWB commercialisés par la société BeSpoon. / By making possible unprecedented user-centric services (monitoring/smart inventory of personal goods, context-aware indoor navigation, etc.), new radiolocation capabilities are on the verge of modifying in depth mobility-based usages. In this context, the impulse radio - ultra wideband technology (IR-UWB), which theoretically enables to estimate the arrival time of transmitted pulses at the nanosecond scale and hence, the relative distance between a transmitter and a receiver within a few tens of centimeters, has been regularly put forward for the last past decade. In spite of these good intrinsic properties, the obstruction of radio links, either by the carrying body itself or by surrounding obstacles (walls, pieces of furniture. . . ), can result in significant errors on unitary range measurements, degrading the overall positioning performance accordingly, in particular in confined environments (e.g., indoor). In the frame of this PhD work, the main idea was to rely on an integrated IR-UWB receiver architecture, which has the capability to finely estimate the entire multipath profile, in order to improve the localization functionality. An in-depth study of the mobile multipath channel, as perceived by the previous receiver, has been conducted first, leading to the deterministic interpretation (i.e., from a geometric point of view) of the relative temporal evolution of multipath components, as well as to the modelling of their mutual interference. Based on these preliminary investigations, adapted multipath detection, association and tracking algorithms have been proposed (e.g., multi-hypothesis Kalman filters in parallel). All these proposals benefit from the receiver specificities, aiming at capturing the space-time correlation of multipath components under mobility, while minimizing harmful interference effects in dense channels (e.g., by means of combined multi-band channel estimations). In particular, for each non-line-of-sight link independently, the previous solutions allow to correct the estimated arrival time of the missing direct path out of the tracked secondary paths, while enabling the use of a conventional structure for the mobile tracking filter (i.e., fed by several "corrected" links with respect to distinct base stations). These algorithmic developments were first validated by means of simulations (using a semideterminist tool including a complete model of the receiver), before being applied to a measurement data set issued by IR-UWB devices commercialized by the BeSpoon company.

Waterborne or foodborne diseases are caused by consuming contaminated fluids or foods. The presence of pathogenic microorganisms can contaminate food or drinking water. These microorganisms can cause sickness even if they are present in minimal concentrations. The World Health Organization (WHO) has defined the standards for clean drinking water as the absence of E. coli in a 100 mL collected volume. Contaminated water or food can cause many diseases, and diarrhea is one of a prominent disease. Early detection of contamination in food or drinking water is critical. Conventional culture-based methods are time-consuming, labour intensive, and not suitable for on-site testing. Nucleic acid-based tests are sensitive and can rapidly detect pathogens. Microfluidic technology can play a significant role to develop low-cost, rapid, integrated, and portable nucleic acid-based detection devices. Microfluidic systems for isothermal amplification assays can be classified into two groups such as droplet-based and chamber-based systems. In this thesis, both droplet-based and chamber-based approaches were used to build the microfluidic methods for isothermal amplification assays. First, a simple electromechanical probe (tweezers) was developed that can manipulate a small aqueous droplet in a bi-layer oil phase. The tweezer consisted of two needles positioned close to each other and used polarization of the aqueous droplet in an applied electrical field to confine the droplet between the needles with minimal solid contact. AC electric potential was applied to the two metal electrodes. Droplet acquired a charge from the high voltage electrode and consequently performed an oscillatory motion with the same electrode. This droplet motion was controlled using two parameters of electric potential and frequency of the applied signal. Initially, electrically actuated droplet (0.3 µL) motion was investigated for a range of applied potential (400-960 Volts) and frequencies (0.1-1000 Hz). The droplet motion with high voltage electrode was characterized into three modes such as detachment, oscillation, and attachment. Mechanical motion of tweezer was used to transport droplet to various positions. Consequently, operations such as transportation, extraction, and merging were demonstrated. First, droplet (5 µL) transportation was characterized under the applied potential of 2000 Volts at various frequencies (5 to 1000 Hz). The droplet was successfully transported to the speed of 15 mm/s at higher frequencies (100 or 1000 Hz). Droplets of various volumes (12-80 µL) were extracted by increasing applied electric potential, from 0 to 6000 Volts at 5 Hz. Then, the operation of droplets merging was demonstrated using operational conditions for electrical tweezer. Finally, electrical tweezer was used to prepare samples for isothermal amplification assays. Two droplets consisted of various reagents of isothermal amplification assays, were transported and merged using the electrical tweezer. Then, a merged droplet (25 µL) was transported and immobilized in the amplification zone. The temperature of the amplification zone (~65°C) was maintained using an in-situ heater. DNA amplification was verified by measuring the off-chip end-point fluorescence intensity of isothermal assays. Second, an integrated microfluidic device has been developed to prepare a sample for isothermal amplification assays. And in-situ real-time amplification assays were performed to detect bacteria. The device consisted of two chambers (lysis and amplification) connected through a microchannel. A low-cost fabrication method was introduced to embed two resistive wire heaters around both chambers. Initially, bacteria cells were thermally lysed in the lysis chamber at 92°C for 5 min. Then, DNA was electrophoretically transported from lysis to the amplification chamber. The electric potential of 10 Volts was applied for 10 min for DNA transportation. Next, transported DNA was amplified at 65°C and DNA amplification was detected by measuring in-situ fluorescence intensity in the real-time format. The operation of the integrated microfluidic device was demonstrated in three steps. 1) Operation of individual components. 2) Operation of two components in a coupled format. 3) Integrated operation of three components with measurement of fluorescent intensity in a real-time format. The bacteria samples with the concentration of 100 CFU/mL were detected in less than one hour. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

[EN] The present PhD thesis deals on the model, design and experimental demonstration of Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) with advanced features. Firstly, building upon existing AWG formulations, design equations are provided, libraries developed and all this is experimentally validated with devices in Indium Phosphide (InP) and Silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technologies. Next, a model and experimental validation is reported for an Interleave-Chirped Arrayed Waveguide Grating (IC-AWG), which is able to process optical signals as WDM demultiplexer, polarization splitter and phase diversity component all in a single device. This device was fabricated and tested in InP technology. The second innovative AWG demonstrated in this thesis, a Reflective type (R-AWG), whose layout allows for tailoring the pass-band shape and to change the spectral resolution. A demonstration of design and fabrication for this device is provided in SOI technology. The last AWG with innovative concepts is one driven by Surface Acoustic Waves (AWG-SAW), where the spectral channels can be tuned by means of acousto-optic effect. The device was fabricated in Aluminium Gallium Arsenide (AlGaAs) technology, and measurements are provided to validate the concept and design flow. In parallel this thesis has resulted in the development of different AWG layouts for a wide number of (generic) technologies and foundries, coded into design libraries, of use in a de-facto standard software employed for the design of photonic integrated circuits. These design libraries have been licensed to the UPV spin-off company VLC Photonics S.L. / [ES] La presente tesis se ha centrado en el modelado, diseño y demostración experimental del dispositivo Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) con funcionalidades avanzadas. Primero, usando la formulación existente sobre AWGs se aportan ecuaciones y librerías de diseño, y se validan experimentalmente por medio de dispositivos fabricados en tecnologías de Indium Phosphide (InP) y Silicon-on-insulator (SOI). Después, se reporta un modelo y demostración experimental para un Interleave-Chirped Arrayed Waveguide Grating (IC-AWG), el cual es capaz de procesar señales ópticas como demultiplexor WDM, divisor de polarización y componente de diversidad de fase en un único dispositivo. Este dispositivo fue fabricado y probado en tecnología de InP. El segundo AWG innovador demostrado en esta tesis es de tipo Reflectante (R-AWG), cuyo diseño permite modificar la forma espectral del canal y cambiar su resolución espectral, incluyendo una demostración de diseño y fabricación de este dispositivo en tecnología de SOI. El último AWG que incluye conceptos innovadores es uno sintonizable por Acoustic Waves (AWGSAW), donde los canales espectrales pueden ser sintonizados por medio del efecto acusto-óptico. Dicho dispositivo fue fabricado en tecnología de Aluminium Gallium Arsenide (AlGaAs), y se han incluido medidas experimentales para validar el concepto y el flujo de diseño. En paralelo junto con esta tesis se han desarrollado diferentes diseños para el AWG en un amplio número de tecnologías (genéricas) y plataformas de fabricación, implementadas en unas librerías de diseño para uno de los softwares m¿as utilizados para el diseño de circuitos integrados ópticos, siendo actualmente el estándar de facto. Dichas librerías de diseño han sido licenciadas a la compañía VLC Photonics S.L., spin-off de la UPV. / [CAT] La present tesi ha estat centrada en el modelatge, disseny i demostració experimental del dispositiu Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) amb funcionalitats avançades. Primer, usant la formulació existent sobre AWGs s'aporten equacions i llibreries de disseny, i es validen experimentalment per mitjà de dispositius fabricats en tecnologies de Indium Phosphide (InP) i Silicon-on-insulator (SOI). Després, es reporta un model i demostració experimental per a un Interleave-Chirped Arrayed Waveguide Grating (IC-AWG), el qual és capaç de processar senyals òptiques com demultiplexor WDM, divisor de polarització i component de diversitat de fase en un únic dispositiu. Aquest dispositiu va ser fabricat i provat en tecnologia de InP. El segon AWG innovador demostrat en aquesta tesi és de tipus Reflector (R-AWG), amb un disseny que permet modificar la forma espectral del canal i canviar la seua resolució espectral, incloent una demostració de disseny i fabricació d'aquest dispositiu en tecnologia de SOI. L'últim AWG que inclou conceptes innovadors és un sintonitzable per Acoustic Waves (AWG-SAW), on els canals espectrals poden ser sintonitzats per mitjà de l'efecte acusto-òptic. Aquest dispositiu va ser fabricat en tecnologia de Aluminium Gallium Arsenide (AlGaAs), i s'han inclòs mesures experimentals per validar el concepte i el flux de disseny. En paral.lel juntament amb aquesta tesi s'han desenvolupat diferents dissenys per al AWG en un ampli nombre de tecnologies (genèriques) i plataformes de fabricació, implementades en unes llibreries de disseny per a un dels programaris més utilitzats per al disseny de circuits integrats òptics, sent actualment l'estàndard de facto. Aquestes llibreries de disseny han estat llicenciades a la companyia VLC Photonics S.L., spin-off de la UPV. / Gargallo Jaquotot, BA. (2016). Advanced arrayed waveguide gratings: models, design strategies and experimental demonstration [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/74646 / TESIS

Ce travail porte sur la réalisation d'un microspectromètre SWIFTS (Stationary Wave Integrated Fourier Transform Spectrometer) incluant des compteurs de photons SNSPD (Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detector). Il met en œuvre un interféromètre intégré à guide d'onde en arête bouclé, en SiN, sous lequel sont disposés 24 nanofils supraconducteurs SNSPD en NbN échantillonnant les interférences au pas de 160nm, à une longueur d'onde centrée sur 1.55µm. La conception, l'étude des composantes optique et électronique, la fabrication et la caractérisation à 4.2K sont décrites, jusqu'à la mise en évidence d'une modulation de puissance lumineuse dans le guide conformément à la formation attendue d'interférences. Le SWIFTS-SNSPD constitue le premier dispositif optoélectronique supraconducteur à part entière, doublement intégré. Sa capacité unique d'échantillonnage direct de franges d'interférences ouvre de nombreuses perspectives, pour des applications allant de l'astrophysique aux télécoms. / This work presents the realization of a SWIFTS (Stationary Wave Integrated Fourier Transform Spectrometer) micro-spectrometer with SNSPD (Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detector) photon counters. The device features an integrated interferometer made of a SiN loop ridge-waveguide, with an array of 24 NbN-nanowire SNSPD underneath that samples at a 160nm period the interferogram of a laser light, at a wavelength centred on 1.55µm. The conception, preliminary studies of integrated optics and electronics, fabrication and characterization at 4.2K of the final device are described, in particular the observation of the detected signal modulation in the waveguide in agreement with the expected interference formation. The SWIFTS-SNSPD constitutes the first stand-alone, fully integrated superconducting optoelectronic device. Its unique capability of direct sampling of light interferogram opens numerous perspectives, with possible applications ranging from astrophysics to telecommunications.

[ES] Esta tesis aborda la caracterización de circuitos fotónicos integrados (PIC) usando interferometría óptica en el domino de las frecuencias (OFDI). OFDI tiene una implementación razonablemente simple e interroga al dispositivo bajo test (DUT) proporcionando su respuesta en el dominio del tiempo, en la que los distintos caminos ópticos seguidos por la luz se manifiestan en contribuciones que contienen información de posición, amplitud y fase. Junto con un "setup" OFDI construido en nuestros laboratorios y estructuras de test integradas que involucran anillos resonantes, interferómetros, etc., proponemos e implementamos técnicas para obtener parámetros ópticos cruciales tales como el índice de grupo, dispersión cromática, rotación de polarización y pérdidas de propagación en guías de onda. También para caracterizar acopladores ópticos. Se realizan evaluaciones directas de fase óptica en diferentes experimentos para, entre otras aplicaciones, caracterizar efectos de calor en chips. En la culminación de la tesis, se aborda la integración conjunta de los interferómetros de OFDI junto con el DUT, concibiéndolo como una estructura de caracterización integrada. El uso de guías de onda integradas proporciona una alta estabilidad y adaptación al DUT, además de un mecanismo inherente de compensación de la dispersión. Se realiza un análisis y prueba de concepto experimental caracterizando un "arrayed waveguide grating" en tecnología de nitruro de silicio. Seguidamente, se da un paso adelante proponiendo una arquitectura interferométrica de tres brazos novedosa que permite reducir la complejidad de la medida. Se lleva a cabo una validación experimental amplia usando distintos equipos de laboratorio, acoplamiento horizontal y vertical al chip, y diferentes DUTs en tecnologías de nitruro de silicio y "silicon-on-insulator". / [CAT] Aquesta tesi aborda la caracterització de circuits fotònics integrats (PIC) usant interferometria òptica al domini de les freqüències (OFDI). OFDI té una implementació raonablement simple i interroga el dispositiu sota test (DUT) proporcionant la seva resposta en el domini del temps, en què els diferents camins òptics seguits per la llum es manifesten en contribucions que contenen informació de posició, amplitud i fase. Juntament amb un "setup" OFDI construït als nostres laboratoris i estructures de test integrades que involucren anells ressonants, interferòmetres, etc., proposem i implementem tècniques per obtenir paràmetres òptics crucials com ara l'índex de grup, dispersió cromàtica, rotació de polarització i pèrdues de propagació en guies d'ona. També per caracteritzar acobladors òptics. Es fan avaluacions directes de fase òptica en diferents experiments per, entre altres aplicacions, caracteritzar efectes de calor en xips. A la culminació de la tesi, s'aborda la integració conjunta dels interferòmetres d'OFDI juntament amb el DUT, concebent-ho com una estructura de caracterització integrada. L'ús de guies d'ona integrades proporciona una alta estabilitat i adaptació al DUT, a més d'un mecanisme inherent de compensació de la dispersió. Es realitza una anàlisi i prova de concepte experimental caracteritzant un "arrayed waveguide grating" en tecnologia de nitrur de silici. Seguidament, es fa un pas avant proposant una arquitectura interferomètrica de tres braços nova que permet reduir la complexitat de la mesura. Es du a terme una validació experimental àmplia usant diferents equips de laboratori, acoblament horitzontal i vertical al xip, i diferents DUTs en tecnologies de nitrur de silici i "silicon-on-insulator". / [EN] This PhD thesis covers the characterization of complex photonic integrated circuits (PIC) by using Optical Frequency Domain Interferometry (OFDI). OFDI has a fairly simple implementation and interrogates the device under test (DUT) providing its time domain response, in which the different optical paths followed by light manifest in contributions with position, amplitude and phase information. Together with a working OFDI setup built in our laboratory and integrated test structures involving devices such as ring resonators, interferometers, etc., we propose and implement techniques to get crucial optical parameters such as waveguide group refractive index, chromatic dispersion, polarization rotation, and propagation loss. Also, to characterize optical couplers. Direct optical phase assessment is made in different experiments permitting, amongst others, the characterization of on-chip heat effects. In the culmination of the thesis, the co-integration of the OFDI interferometers with the DUT is addressed, conceiving it as an integrated characterization structure. The use of integrated waveguides provide high stability and adaptation to the DUT, as well as an inherent dispersion de-embedding mechanism. It is provided analysis and experimental proof of concept with an arrayed waveguide grating as DUT in a silicon nitride platform. A considerable leap forward is then taken by proposing a novel three-way interferometer architecture, reducing the measurement complexity. Wide experimental validation is carried out using different laboratory equipment, horizontal and vertical chip coupling, and different DUTs in silicon nitride and silicon-on-insulator. / Bru Orgiles, LA. (2022). Optical Frequency Domain Interferometry for the Characterization and Development of Complex and Tunable Photonic Integrated Circuits [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/181635 / TESIS