Cette recherche a pour objectif de mieux explorer la problématique de l’intégration sociale et scolaire des jeunes immigrants, en nous penchant spécifiquement sur le vécu d'adolescents iraniens récemment arrivés au Québec. Nous tentons, entre autres, d’identifier les conflits de valeurs entre les parents et les adolescents d’une part, et de cerner les stratégies identitaires de ces adolescents face à ces conflits, d’autre part. Enfin, elle essaie de comprendre la perception des parents de ces adolescents envers ces enjeux. Dans cette étude, l’intégration sociale est principalement abordée sous l’angle des stratégies d’acculturation par le biais d’entrevues qualitatives auprès de quatorze jeunes de 13 à 18 ans ainsi que leurs parents (neuf). L’analyse des données démontre que ces jeunes ont un discours positif sur leur intégration scolaire et sociale. Le vécu familial et leurs choix de vie sont influencés essentiellement par leur milieu familial. L’influence de leurs amis – en général d’origine diversifiée – se limite à l’utilisation de leur temps libre. Ils croient aux valeurs traditionnelles iraniennes, tout en essayant d’être indépendants, libres et d’adopter un style de vie influencé par la société d’accueil qui peut conduire à des conflits potentiels avec leurs parents. Lorsque cela est le cas, les principales stratégies identitaires de ces jeunes sont celles de la cohérence complexe ou de la cohérence par modération des conflits de codes de vie. Par ailleurs, nous avons noté que le développement chez ces jeunes d’un sentiment d’appartenance à leur pays d’accueil repose principalement sur leur scolarisation. En résumé, nous pouvons constater que les jeunes d'origine iranienne, récemment arrivés au Québec, s’adaptent relativement facilement à leur nouvel environnement de vie tout en conservant leur attachement à leur culture d’origine. Ceci nous permet de conclure que leur processus d’intégration correspond peu à l’aliénation des jeunes musulmans maintes fois décrite dans la littérature internationale et nationale. Mots-clés : Intégration sociale et scolaire, conflits de valeurs, stratégies identitaires, adolescents, immigrants iraniens. / This exploratory research aims to study academic and social integration of teenagers of Iranian origin recently arrived in Québec. It attempts to identify conflicts of values between parents and these teenagers and to discover identity strategies of these teenagers vis-a-vis these conflicts. It also tries to identify the strategies used by these teenagers to attain social and academic integration in school. Moreover, we try to understand the perception of the parents of these teenagers towards these issues. In this study, social integration is mainly approached with respect to strategies of acculturation by conducting qualitative interviews with fourteen adolescents ages 13-18 and their parents (nine). The analysis of gathered data shows that these young people adapt easily to their new environment while preserving their attachment to their culture of origin. Their life choices are influenced essentially by their family environment. The influence of their friends, generally from diverse origins, mainly affects their leisure and use of free time activities. They believe in the Iranian traditional values while trying to be independent and free with a modern lifestyle, which can lead to potential conflicts with their parents. The preferred identity strategies of these teenagers are primarily those of complex coherence or coherence by moderation of the conflicts of codes. These young people have a positive opinion about their studies and do not seem to feel any conflict in their academic environment. In short, we can state that Iranian youth, recently arrived in Quebec, adapts relatively easily to their new living environment while conserving their attachment to their culture of origin. This enables us to conclude that their process of integration has little similarities with the alienation of Moslem youth often mentioned and described in the international and national literature. Keywords: Social and academic integrations, value conflict, identity strategies, adolescents, Iranian immigrants.

Le retournement temporel exploite la réversibilité temporelle de l’équation d’onde dans les milieux sans perte. Cela implique qu’une onde émise par une source peut rebrousser chemin et se focaliser sur sa source originale par le biais d’un miroir à retournement temporel. Cette focalisation permet de situer l’emplacement de cette source. Le but de cette thèse est d’exploiter le phénomène de retournement temporel d’ondes électromagnétiques en vue de la localisation et la caractérisation partielle d’objets diffractants enfouis dans un milieu sans perte. Notre étude est menée dans le domaine temporel large bande en se basant sur une modélisation numérique par la technique d’intégration finie.Le domaine temporel est un domaine assez peu exploré dans la littérature contrairement au domaine fréquentiel. La principale problématique est la détermination de l’instant de focalisation qui nous permet de choisir la distribution des champs à partir de laquelle les objets diffractants seront localisés. Nous introduisons dans ce manuscrit un critère de choix d’instant de focalisation qui est comparé tout au long des études entreprises au critère du minimum d’entropie.La démarche empruntée exploite l’analyse de cartographies d’énergie électromagnétique en deux et trois dimensions. Elle est validée dans un premier temps par l’analyse de configurations canoniques exploitant des données synthétiques obtenues par simulation. L’influence de divers paramètres relatifs aux objets diffractants est étudiée de même que l’impact du nombre d’émetteurs récepteurs du miroir à retournement temporel. Dans une seconde étape une expérimentation contrôlée en chambre anéchoïque à SUPELEC est réalisée en utilisant des antennes en régime harmonique et en régime impulsionnel. / Time reversal is, as is now well-known, exploiting the temporal reversibility of the wave equation in assumed lossless media. To summarize, it implies that a wave emitted by a given source may turn back and thereupon focus onto its original source by means of a so-called Time Reversal Mirror (TRM), which operation, properly simulated from field data acquired in a given measurement domain, could enable us to locate the source indeed. The aim of this thesis is to exploit the phenomenon of time reversal for the localization and the partial characterization, whenever possible, of diffracting objects (dielectric and conducting scatterers, in which sources are induced by given antennas, usually dipole-like) that are buried in a lossless medium (it can be a free space or a half-space) within a fully 3-D transient electromagnetic context. Time-domain certainly is a less explored area in the literature than frequency-domain, and this 3-D context (even if some 2-D validation studies are led also in the present work) is particularly demanding, computatinally speaking as well as at the level of real laboratory experiments. In addition, it requires that we be able to accurately compute the vector electromagnetic field in this time domain in an appropriate wideband situation, as well as whatever field is time reversed during the experiments, which are tasks performed via a full-wave Finite Integration Technique (FIT) developed at LGEP as is validated and discussed in some length in the manuscript. The main problem however is the determination of the moment of focus which would enable us determine the location of the scatterers at least to some extent. Here, to that effect, we introduce and discuss in depth a new criterion of choice of the instant of focus, which is in particular compared throughout the studies undertaken to the usually employed minimum entropy criterion. Influences of the various parameters of the scatterers themselves and of the measurement set-ups are thoroughly discussed on the way. Let us emphasize that what matters to us is the behavior of the (time-reversed) electromagnetic energy and not only of the electric field as standard, that is, the approach taken builds and uses the analysis of energy maps obtained by the aforementioned 3-D numerical modeling. Beyond the modeling of pure synthetic field data and discussions thereof, much attention is also given to leading controlled experiments on canonical targets using both transient and frequency-diverse time-harmonic sources within an anechoic chamber which was made available to us in SUPELEC.

No description available.

This work is concerned with the applicability of several approximation methods (finite section method, Galerkin and collocation methods with maximum defect splines for uniform and non uniform meshes) to operators belonging to the closed subalgebra generated by operators of multiplication bz piecewise continuous functions and convolution operators also with piecewise continuous generating function.

Cette recherche a pour objectif de mieux explorer la problématique de l’intégration sociale et scolaire des jeunes immigrants, en nous penchant spécifiquement sur le vécu d'adolescents iraniens récemment arrivés au Québec. Nous tentons, entre autres, d’identifier les conflits de valeurs entre les parents et les adolescents d’une part, et de cerner les stratégies identitaires de ces adolescents face à ces conflits, d’autre part. Enfin, elle essaie de comprendre la perception des parents de ces adolescents envers ces enjeux. Dans cette étude, l’intégration sociale est principalement abordée sous l’angle des stratégies d’acculturation par le biais d’entrevues qualitatives auprès de quatorze jeunes de 13 à 18 ans ainsi que leurs parents (neuf). L’analyse des données démontre que ces jeunes ont un discours positif sur leur intégration scolaire et sociale. Le vécu familial et leurs choix de vie sont influencés essentiellement par leur milieu familial. L’influence de leurs amis – en général d’origine diversifiée – se limite à l’utilisation de leur temps libre. Ils croient aux valeurs traditionnelles iraniennes, tout en essayant d’être indépendants, libres et d’adopter un style de vie influencé par la société d’accueil qui peut conduire à des conflits potentiels avec leurs parents. Lorsque cela est le cas, les principales stratégies identitaires de ces jeunes sont celles de la cohérence complexe ou de la cohérence par modération des conflits de codes de vie. Par ailleurs, nous avons noté que le développement chez ces jeunes d’un sentiment d’appartenance à leur pays d’accueil repose principalement sur leur scolarisation. En résumé, nous pouvons constater que les jeunes d'origine iranienne, récemment arrivés au Québec, s’adaptent relativement facilement à leur nouvel environnement de vie tout en conservant leur attachement à leur culture d’origine. Ceci nous permet de conclure que leur processus d’intégration correspond peu à l’aliénation des jeunes musulmans maintes fois décrite dans la littérature internationale et nationale. Mots-clés : Intégration sociale et scolaire, conflits de valeurs, stratégies identitaires, adolescents, immigrants iraniens. / This exploratory research aims to study academic and social integration of teenagers of Iranian origin recently arrived in Québec. It attempts to identify conflicts of values between parents and these teenagers and to discover identity strategies of these teenagers vis-a-vis these conflicts. It also tries to identify the strategies used by these teenagers to attain social and academic integration in school. Moreover, we try to understand the perception of the parents of these teenagers towards these issues. In this study, social integration is mainly approached with respect to strategies of acculturation by conducting qualitative interviews with fourteen adolescents ages 13-18 and their parents (nine). The analysis of gathered data shows that these young people adapt easily to their new environment while preserving their attachment to their culture of origin. Their life choices are influenced essentially by their family environment. The influence of their friends, generally from diverse origins, mainly affects their leisure and use of free time activities. They believe in the Iranian traditional values while trying to be independent and free with a modern lifestyle, which can lead to potential conflicts with their parents. The preferred identity strategies of these teenagers are primarily those of complex coherence or coherence by moderation of the conflicts of codes. These young people have a positive opinion about their studies and do not seem to feel any conflict in their academic environment. In short, we can state that Iranian youth, recently arrived in Quebec, adapts relatively easily to their new living environment while conserving their attachment to their culture of origin. This enables us to conclude that their process of integration has little similarities with the alienation of Moslem youth often mentioned and described in the international and national literature. Keywords: Social and academic integrations, value conflict, identity strategies, adolescents, Iranian immigrants.

An exogenous retrovirus (XRV) that integrates into a germ cell may be inherited as a Mendelian gene; it becomes an endogenous retrovirus (ERV). The human genome consists of up to 8% HERVs. The gammaretroviral (ERV class I) HERV-H, with 926 members, is the largest ERV group. Despite millions of years since integration, it has polymorphic envelope open reading frames in at least three loci. Selections for functional envelopes are indicated on chromosomes 1 and 2. However, envelopes were present only in a fraction of the total HERV-H. Mutated polymerases, indicating old ERVs, contradicted relatively intact long terminal repeats. To explain this, we formulated a “Midwife” element theory where proteins are complemented in trans. A phylogenetic analysis did not support separate HERV-H and -F groups. The new taxonomy included HERV-H like (RGH2-like and RTVLH2-like subgroups) and Adjacent HERV-H like. A bioinformatic reconstruction of a putative ancestral HERV-H exposed novel traits. Two nucleocapsid zinc fingers and a pronounced nucleotide bias for C in the HERV-H like were unique among the gammaretroviruses. Two recently integrated gammaretroviral groups (PtNeo-I[PTERV1] and -II) were found in chimpanzees but not in humans. The PtNeo groups were most similar to baboon ERVs and a macaque sequence, but neither to other chimpanzee nor to any human gammaretroviruses. The pattern was consistent with cross-species transfer via predation. To advance the retroviral taxonomy, we projected structural markers over sequence phylogenetic trees. A number of markers were useful to distinguish between genera and to delineate groups. Basic retroviral knowledge is vital to understand emerging infections. Phylogenetic analyses of taxonomically improved sequences, facilitates the search for common retroviral denominators to target. This thesis provided new insights in retroviral evolution and taxonomy using the ERVs, with special focus on the large gammaretroviral HERV-H group, as an additional source of information next to that of XRVs.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-03-16T12:48:08Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Filipe_Versao_Final_Pos_Defesa_Deposito.pdf: 1855793 bytes, checksum: 366a64a51c618d78933bc62349a182cc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-16T12:48:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Filipe_Versao_Final_Pos_Defesa_Deposito.pdf: 1855793 bytes, checksum: 366a64a51c618d78933bc62349a182cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-21 / Hoje as organizações de T.I. estão enfrentando um sério desafio, por um lado temos mercados cada vez mais competitivos, com mudanças quase que rotineiras nos softwares e uma variedade imensa de dispositivos e sistemas operacionais; por outro, os sistemas ficam cada vez mais complexos, integrados a outros serviços e exigindo um alto grau de confiabilidade e disponibilidade dos mesmos, exigindo assim um processo de implantação cada vez mais eficiente e robusto. Nos últimos anos o termo DevOps – colaboração entre desenvolvimento e operação - e suas práticas foram amplamente usados e discutidos sob diferentes aspectos. Assim como no movimento ágil, DevOps também nasceu na indústria e a partir da necessidade da mesma. Por mais que várias organizações já adotem práticas que ficaram conhecidas como DevOps, seu uso ainda não é prescritivo, existindo assim uma variedade de diferentes manifestações de uso em termos de definição e padrão dentre as organizações. Diante disso, esta dissertação teve por objetivo realizar um mapeamento sistemático da literatura e um survey em busca do movimento DevOps, áreas de concentração dos estudos, os principais autores da área e as principais práticas e formas de uso de DevOps nas organizações. Como contribuição, esta pesquisa identificou que dentre as principais áreas de DevOps podem-se destacar (i) entrega, (ii) integração, (iii) e testes contínuos, além da (vi) automação da infraestrutura. Como principais práticas foram possíveis destacar: (a) implantações através de máquinas virtuais, (b) visibilidade do pipeline de implantação, (c) processos robustos de roolbacks, além de técnicas como (d) canary release, (e) toogled features e (f) blue-green deployments. / Today's IT organizations are facing a serious challenge, on the one hand we increasingly competitive markets with routine software’s changes and a wide variety of devices and operating systems; on the other hand, the systems are increasingly complex, integrated with other services and requiring a high degree of reliability and availability requiring a deploy process increasingly efficient and robust. In recent years the DevOps term - a clipped compound of development and operations - and DevOps’s practices were widely used and discussed under different aspects. As agile movement, the DevOps term was also born in the industry’s need. Today many organizations already adopt practices that became known as DevOps its use is not prescriptive, so there is a variety of different manifestations of use in terms of definition and standard among organizations. Therefore, this work aimed to carry out a mapping study and a survey in search of the state of the art DevOps movement, concentration areas of study, the main authors of the area and the main practices and the use of DevOps in organizations. As a contribution, this research found that among the main DevOps area can highlight: (i) continuous delivery; (ii) continuous integration; (iii) continuous testing; and (vi) infrastructure’s automation. Additionally, we can emphasize the main practices in the DevOps adoption: (a) deploys through virtual machines; (b) visibility’s deployment pipeline; (c) robust processes roolbacks, and techniques such as (d) canary release, (e) toogled features and (f) blue-green deployments.

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-03-16T14:48:51Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Filipe_Versao_Final_Pos_Defesa_Deposito.pdf: 1855793 bytes, checksum: 366a64a51c618d78933bc62349a182cc (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-16T14:48:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Filipe_Versao_Final_Pos_Defesa_Deposito.pdf: 1855793 bytes, checksum: 366a64a51c618d78933bc62349a182cc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-21 / Hoje as organizações de T.I. estão enfrentando um sério desafio, por um lado temos mercados cada vez mais competitivos, com mudanças quase que rotineiras nos softwares e uma variedade imensa de dispositivos e sistemas operacionais; por outro, os sistemas ficam cada vez mais complexos, integrados a outros serviços e exigindo um alto grau de confiabilidade e disponibilidade dos mesmos, exigindo assim um processo de implantação cada vez mais eficiente e robusto. Nos últimos anos o termo DevOps – colaboração entre desenvolvimento e operação - e suas práticas foram amplamente usados e discutidos sob diferentes aspectos. Assim como no movimento ágil, DevOps também nasceu na indústria e a partir da necessidade da mesma. Por mais que várias organizações já adotem práticas que ficaram conhecidas como DevOps, seu uso ainda não é prescritivo, existindo assim uma variedade de diferentes manifestações de uso em termos de definição e padrão dentre as organizações. Diante disso, esta dissertação teve por objetivo realizar um mapeamento sistemático da literatura e um survey em busca do movimento DevOps, áreas de concentração dos estudos, os principais autores da área e as principais práticas e formas de uso de DevOps nas organizações. Como contribuição, esta pesquisa identificou que dentre as principais áreas de DevOps podem-se destacar (i) entrega, (ii) integração, (iii) e testes contínuos, além da (vi) automação da infraestrutura. Como principais práticas foram possíveis destacar: (a) implantações através de máquinas virtuais, (b) visibilidade do pipeline de implantação, (c) processos robustos de roolbacks, além de técnicas como (d) canary release, (e) toogled features e (f) blue-green deployments. / Today's IT organizations are facing a serious challenge, on the one hand we increasingly competitive markets with routine software’s changes and a wide variety of devices and operating systems; on the other hand, the systems are increasingly complex, integrated with other services and requiring a high degree of reliability and availability requiring a deploy process increasingly efficient and robust. In recent years the DevOps term - a clipped compound of development and operations - and DevOps’s practices were widely used and discussed under different aspects. As agile movement, the DevOps term was also born in the industry’s need. Today many organizations already adopt practices that became known as DevOps its use is not prescriptive, so there is a variety of different manifestations of use in terms of definition and standard among organizations. Therefore, this work aimed to carry out a mapping study and a survey in search of the state of the art DevOps movement, concentration areas of study, the main authors of the area and the main practices and the use of DevOps in organizations. As a contribution, this research found that among the main DevOps area can highlight: (i) continuous delivery; (ii) continuous integration; (iii) continuous testing; and (vi) infrastructure’s automation. Additionally, we can emphasize the main practices in the DevOps adoption: (a) deploys through virtual machines; (b) visibility’s deployment pipeline; (c) robust processes roolbacks, and techniques such as (d) canary release, (e) toogled features and (f) blue-green deployments.

Orientador: Shiguenoli Miyamoto / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T10:06:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antiquera_DanieldeCampos_M.pdf: 1223976 bytes, checksum: b8117290cd5c1f3a54124d4c42ef46dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Este trabalho analisa o Tratado de Cooperação Amazônica, assinado por Brasil, Bolívia, Colômbia, Equador, Guiana, Peru, Suriname e Venezuela em 1978, e suas transformações até se converter numa organização internacional (2002). O estudo busca relacionar essas mudanças no TCA com os diferentes momentos da política externa brasileira, visando em primeiro lugar a avaliar a importância da Amazônia para a política exterior do Brasil, e também a compreender o peso que a posição brasileira representa na evolução do Tratado. A partir do fim da década de 1980 há uma renovação no impulso dado ao TCA, que culmina com o protocolo de emenda, assinado em 1998, e a instalação de uma secretaria permanente, em Brasília, em 2002. Tal processo tem poucos estudos, embora indique uma renovação de expectativas sobre o Tratado. O trabalho foi feito por meio da análise de bibliografia sobre o TCA e a política externa, bem como sobre documentação oficial de ambas: discursos, atas de reuniões, declarações, estrutura jurídica. As informações foram complementadas com entrevistas realizadas com atores relevantes para o andamento do Tratado. A contribuição que este trabalho possa vir a dar é acrescentar outra perspectiva às leituras tradicionalmente liberais (no sentido de centrarem-se na cooperação e nos interesses comuns) que em geral são feitas sobre o objeto. Ao mesmo tempo, pretende-se chamar a atenção para a Amazônia e o norte da América do Sul como um espaço específico e importante das relações internacionais do Brasil / Abstract: This work analyzes The Amazon Cooperation Treaty, signed down by Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Equador, Guiana, Peru, Suriname e Venezuela in 1978, and its transformations until converting into international organization (2002). The study intends to establish a relation between those changes on ACT and different moments in brazilian foreign policy, looking for value amazonian role in this policy as well as for the brazilian role on the evolution of the Treaty. Since the end of the 80¿s, new strengths focused on ACT lead up to a renew¿s protocol, signed in 1998, and a permanent secretariat at Brasília, in 2002. There are few studies about these processes even than it indicates new expectations about the Treaty. The work was made analyzing the bibliography of ACT and of the foreign policy, as well as the official documentation of both of them. Also interviews have been made with important people involved in the Treaty. The eventual contribution of these research is offering a new perspective of the usually liberals (that focus on cooperation and common interests) points of view of the study¿s object. At the same time, there is the intention of getting attention for Amazon and for the north of South America as important areas of brazilian¿s international relations / Mestrado / Política Externa / Mestre em Relações Internacionais

This work is concerned with the applicability of several approximation methods (finite section method, Galerkin and collocation methods with maximum defect splines for uniform and non uniform meshes) to operators belonging to the closed subalgebra generated by operators of multiplication bz piecewise continuous functions and convolution operators also with piecewise continuous generating function.