The main purpose of this report is to analyze a practical method of design while doing an innovation project connected to a specific armchair. The aim is to re-vitalize the pre-existing product. This project is done within the context of a specific furniture producer. This report describes theories about practical methods of design and how the practical intellect is used in a creative process. It also contains background research about classics. The background research is based on a brief literature review on the subject as well as interviews with professionals within the field of furniture design.  A few factors that can be said to characterize what makes a classic are suggested. The development of a specific armchair is described. Earlier projects where practical methods of design have been used are also described. The practical methods of design used in this project are described. The main method for this is making physical models by hand together with hand sketching.  The design process of developing a new product is described and discussed. As a final result visualizations and a description of a suggestion of how one can re-vitalize the specific armchair are shown. The outcomes and learning from using a practical method of design are discussed. The final suggestion is analyzed according to the factors suggested in the background research to characterize what makes a classic.

This thesis interprets the concept of human being in the work of Maimonides and ibn Rushd, two representatives of major Arab and Jewish medieval philosophy. It combines the ancient Greek philosophical tradition, especially Aristotle, with a religious context. When Maimonides and Ibn Rushd tried to harmonize these two traditions, they had to deal with many opposite views, that stemmed from the difference between religious and ancient world. Behind this intellectual ground have they created the original thesis and approaches to grasping reality, the world and the human being in it. The issue of human being is analyzed in three levels. The first level consists of the relationship between human being and creation, which addresses the question about origin of the world the human soul and the resurrection. The second level, i.e. the man and the world, is devoted to describing a scheme of the world, human knowledge and the theory of prophecy. Ethical and political views are analyzed on the third level, which represents the position of human being in relation to the polis. Keywords Ibn Rushd, Maimonides, Aristotle, Plato, neoplatonism, philosophy, religion, The Koran, Torah, human being, world, creation, eternity, soul, resurrection, emanation, knowledge, illumination, active intellect, prophecy, politics,...

Heterodox master of liberal arts and theirs discussions with Thomas Aquinas Mgr. Miroslav Severa Summary: The proposed thesis deals with two important issues discussed by Tomas Aquinas in connection with the averroistic controversy that occurred in the second half of the thirteenth century in Paris. The topics are On the eternity of the world and On the unity of intellect. Its author defends the position that concerning the problem On the eternity of the Word is the solution proposed by Thomas Aquinas closer to the position of heterodox masters of liberal arts then to the attitude of some orthodox theologians. The heterodox teaching On the unity of intellect is by Thomas sufficiently disproven. The doctrine of Thomas Aquinas doesn't need to always constitute an irreconcilable antithesis against the attitude of heterodox masters as it is described by some authors. The thesis also deals the two topics on the historical background of the condemnations issued by the Parisian bishop Stephan Tempier in the years 1270 and 1277. Although the heterodox masters of liberal arts are in their philosophizing strongly influenced by the Arab philosopher Averroes theirs position concerning the relationship between fides and ratio is different. Averroes says that when the conflict between reason and revelation occurs than...

This presented paper is a parallel reading of two works which both connect a philosophical perception of time and memory with an actual narration. The first is one of the earliest spiritual autobiographies of late antiquity - Confessions - and the second is a modern novel - In Search of Lost Time. A distinctive (originally Neoplatonic) understanding of eternity as simultaneity opens a line of questioning which both Confessions and In Search of Lost Time have in common: What is the relation between time and eternity (extra-temporality in Proust's case) and is it possible at all for a time being to have a relation to something what is eternal? In both works, the mediating role between time succession and timeless simultaneity is played by narration and memory. Part I of the paper (Chapter 1) deals with Augustine's understanding of time which can be found not only in Book XI of Confessions but also throughout the whole work including its narrative passages; it also partly takes into consideration Book VI of De musica. It tries to answer a more general question, i.e. whether Augustine in his autobiography concentrates only on subjective time or whether he is interested in time as such (in contrast to eternity). The answer is intended to be found through the analysis of questions the author of...

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-05-31T19:49:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gilvonete Schimitz Do Prado.pdf: 1451148 bytes, checksum: 3bad5bbcf2fcf65698a4f8dea9525f4b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-31T19:49:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gilvonete Schimitz Do Prado.pdf: 1451148 bytes, checksum: 3bad5bbcf2fcf65698a4f8dea9525f4b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-22 / The purpose of this study is to look at the path of the making of professional practice under the bias of the teaching intelligentsia of two teachers from the state public network that would allow us to build an understanding of teaching as an intellectual function, as advocated by Giroux (1997; 1999) the theoretical framework we adopted. In this perspective, the analysis of paths was based on two distinct schools of investigation: a) With respect to forming elements suggesting a disqualification of the teacher's work and freeing her from critical and purposeful features, namely those from the models training and acting markedly homogenizing and linked to the educational policies and interests committed to standards of international organizations and the state’s political party programs. b) On the other hand, other current research explores the intellectual concept and claims it is possible to make this reference also to teachers. As to research methodology, we chose to develop in light of studies by Lahire (2004; 2005), about the construction of sociological portraits with regard to the interest of explicit trajectories of life and work to learn the provisions built from many socialization contexts that teachers, the subjects of this study, have been submitted to in life and because of that to meet the research objectives listed, which include: learning which provisions have been built and as configured by teachers in different socialization processes during their professional careers, so that the grasping of these provisions would allow us to affirm or not the power of a teaching intelligence taking them the design of a teacher as an intellectual as defended by Giroux. In the example of socializing experience, we highlight the participation of teachers in Practice Seminar organized by SEE-SP in 2013, while formative experience in this way, it was also our intention to examine to what extent the experience of the teachers surveyed at the seminar in question allowed them to apply to themselves and the work they have done on occasion, traits that they attributed themselves qualifying teachers as intellectuals. From the results of the survey, we highlight the following: engagement and commitment; clarity of their political and social function as well as their theoretical beliefs, recognizing their potential as scholars and active and reflective professionals. These provisions, built on the job of teaching, are presented as a work of these teachers differential which enabled visibility in them. Thus, participation in the Good Practice Seminar reinforced what they believed about education, expanding the look of the universe of activity in which they were inserted and giving them a greater awareness of themselves and the work they performed that could be exposed and employed with this experience. / La investigación propone una mirada acerca de la trayectoria de la constituición de la actuación profesional bajo la perspectiva intelectual de dos profesoras de la red pública de enseñanza educacional del estado de São Paulo, lo que nos permitió construir y comprender la enseñanza como una función intelectual, así como se propone en Giroux (1997; 1999) como marco teórico adoptado . En esta perspectiva, el análisis de las direcciones que se basan en dos hincapiés distintos de investigación: a) Acerca de la formación de los elementos que sugieren una descalificación del trabajo del profesor y la disminución de puntos críticos como los modelos de formación de profesores uniformes vinculados a los intereses y políticas educacionales con reglas de entidades internacionales y programas de partidos políticos del estado. La otra línea de investigación examina el concepto intelectual y asegura la posibilidad en hacer referencia también al profesor. En cuanto a la metodología que se aplica en la investigación, se optó por desarrollar los estudios por Lahire (2004; 2005), en relación con la construcción de modelos sociológicos relacionados con el interés de las trayectorias explícitas de la vida y el trabajo con el fin de aprender las disposiciones construidas a partir de diversos contextos de socialización en que las profesoras, como sujetos de la investigación, se han sometido a cumplir con los objetivos de la pesquisa citados, que incluyen: aprender cuales disposiciones fueron construida y configuradas por ellas en distintos procesos de socialización durante su carrera profesional, las disposiciones nos permiten afirmar el poder de la intelectualidad docente, o no, acercándose a las concepciones de profesor como intelectual defendida por Giroux. Como ejemplo de experiencia de sociabilización, destacamos la participación de las profesoras en el Seminario de Buenas Prácticas organizado por SEE-SP en 2013, mientras experiencia formativa en el trayecto, hay también una intención en examinar en qué medida la experiencia de las profesoras investigadas con el Seminario en cuestión les permitió reflexionar sobre sí mismos y el trabajo que han hecho en alguna ocasión, los rasgos que atribuyeron a la calificación docente como intelectual. A partir de los resultados de la encuesta, podemos destacar las siguientes disposiciones: participación y el compromiso; claridad de su función política y social, además de sus creencias teóricas, reconociendo su potencial como académicas y profesionales activas y reflexivas. Las disposiciones construidas a lo largo del recorrido sobre la constitución acerca de la función del profesor, se presenta como un diferencial en el trabajo de las maestra lo que nos permitió también una la visibilidad a respecto de ellas. Así, la participación en el Seminario de Buenas Prácticas reforzó lo que se creían acerca de la educación, ampliando la observación del universo de la actuación en que la cual estaban inseridas, además de darles una mayor conciencia de sí mismos y del trabajo ejecutado, y que pudieron ser expuestos y explorado con experiencia. / Esta pesquisa propôs um olhar para o percurso de constituição da atuação profissional de duas professoras que atuam na educação básica I na rede estadual paulista, sob o viés da intelectualidade docente, que nos permitisse a construção de um entendimento do trabalho docente como uma função intelectual, conforme defendido por Giroux (1997; 1999) nosso referencial teórico adotado. Nesta perspectiva, a análise dos percursos se pautou em duas linhas de investigação distintas: a) Uma que diz respeito aos elementos de conformação que sugere uma desqualificação do trabalho do professor e seu alijamento de traços críticos e propositivos, a saber, aqueles provenientes de modelos de formação e atuação docentes marcadamente homogeneizadores e ligados aos interesses e políticas educacionais comprometidos com normas dos organismos internacionais e programas político-partidários de estado. b) Por outro lado, outra corrente de investigação que explora o conceito de intelectual e afirma ser possível fazer essa referência também ao professor. Quanto à metodologia de pesquisa, optamos por desenvolvê-la à luz dos estudos desenvolvidos por Lahire (2004; 2005), no que tange à construção de retratos sociológicos no que se refere ao interesse de explicitar trajetórias de vida e de trabalho de modo a apreender as disposições construídas a partir dos diversos contextos de socialização a que as professoras, sujeitos desta pesquisa, estiveram submetidas ao longo da vida que desse conta de atender aos objetivos de pesquisa elencados, os quais destacamos: apreender quais disposições foram construídas e como se configuraram pelas professoras nos diferentes processos de socialização, durante seu percurso profissional, de modo que a apreensão destas disposições nos permitissem afirmar a potência de uma intelectualidade docente, ou não, aproximando-as à concepção de professor como intelectual defendida por Giroux. À exemplo de experiência socializadora, destacamos a participação das professoras no Seminário de Boas Práticas organizado pela SEE-SP, em 2013, enquanto experiência formativa dentro deste percurso, deste modo, também foi nossa intenção analisar em que medida a experiência das professoras pesquisadas com o Seminário em questão permitiu que elas tecessem, sobre si mesmas e sobre o trabalho que desenvolveram na ocasião, traços que lhes atribuíssem qualificativos de professor como intelectual. Dos resultados obtidos da pesquisa, destacamos as seguintes disposições: engajamento e compromisso; clareza da sua função política e social bem como de suas convicções teóricas, reconhecimento de suas potencialidades enquanto estudiosas e profissionais ativas e reflexivas. Tais disposições, construídas ao longo do percurso de constituição da função docente, apresentavam-se como um diferencial do trabalho destas professoras o que possibilitou visibilidade sobre elas. Deste modo, a participação no Seminário de Boas Práticas reforçou aquilo em que acreditavam sobre educação, ampliando o olhar sobre o universo de atuação em que estavam inseridas e conferindo-lhes uma maior consciência sobre si mesmas e sobre o trabalho desempenhado que pôde ser exposto e explorado com tal experiência.

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / There have been many endeavors to design humanoid robots that have human characteristics such as dexterity, autonomy and intelligence. Humanoid robots are intended to cooperate with humans and perform useful work that humans can perform. The main advantage of humanoid robots over other machines is that they are flexible and multi-purpose. In this thesis, a human-like robotic arm is designed and used in a task which is typically performed by humans, namely, catching a ball. The robotic arm was designed to closely resemble a human arm, based on anthropometric studies. A rigid multibody dynamics software was used to create a virtual model of the robotic arm, perform experiments, and collect data. The inverse kinematics of the robotic arm was solved using a Newton-Raphson numerical method with a numerically calculated Jacobian. The system was validated by testing its ability to find a kinematic solution for the catch position and successfully catch the ball within the robot's workspace. The tests were conducted by throwing the ball such that its path intersects different target points within the robot's workspace. The method used for determining the catch location consists of finding the intersection of the ball's trajectory with a virtual catch plane. The hand orientation was set so that the normal vector to the palm of the hand is parallel to the trajectory of the ball at the intersection point and a vector perpendicular to this normal vector remains in a constant orientation during the catch. It was found that this catch orientation approach was reliable within a 0.35 x 0.4 meter window in the robot's workspace. For all tests within this window, the robotic arm successfully caught and dropped the ball in a bin. Also, for the tests within this window, the maximum position and orientation (Euler angle) tracking errors were 13.6 mm and 4.3 degrees, respectively. The average position and orientation tracking errors were 3.5 mm and 0.3 degrees, respectively. The work presented in this study can be applied to humanoid robots in industrial assembly lines and hazardous environment recovery tasks, amongst other applications.

I den här uppsatsen, vilken är skriven som en vetenskaplig essä, undersöker jag konstnärens praktiska kunskap med utgångspunkt i en situation där jag målar. Vad jag intresserar mig för är hur tänkandet påverkar den kroppsliga handlingen. Henri Bergson, Erich Fromm och japansk zenbuddhism är perspektiv jag använt mig av för att titta närmare på temat. Fromm har synliggjort att kärlek är en attityd som innebär att jag är koncentrerad i mötet med andra. Att kunna vara koncentrerad och att kunna älska ändamålsenligt är liktydigt. För att undvika plagiera mina tidigare arbeten behöver jag älska att arbeta. Bergson har visat att intuition och intellekt är två medvetandeformer jag kan agera utifrån och erfara verkligheten på. Två former av kunskap. Om jag planerar vad jag ska måla utgår jag från intellektet och hämmar mitt arbete. Utgår jag istället från intuition låter jag nuet tillföra arbetet något nytt. Vad zen påvisat och betonat, är att mitt beteende indikerar huruvida jag är närvarande eller inte. Att praktiskt öva på att vara närvarande i nuet möjliggör att du kan reagera spontant på verkligheten istället för att planera ditt agerande. De teoretiska perspektiven enas kring vikten av närvaro i nuet. Men också att det viktiga inte är att välja det ena eller andra. Vad som är väsentligt är både och. Mötet mellan mig och andra. Intuition och intellekt. Samt ett beteende som reagerar spontant och planerar. Vad som framkommit genom essän är att det råder en obalans mellan kunskapsformerna intellekt och intuition i en västerländsk kontext. En summerande fråga essän ställer är: vad innebär det för människan som biologisk varelse om ett naturligt sätt att erfara verkligheten på, inte bejakas? / In this essay, which is written as a scientific essay, I examine the artist's practical knowledge based on a situation where I paint. What I am interested in is how thinking affects bodily action. Henri Bergson, Erich Fromm and Japanese Zen Buddhism are perspectives I use to survey the theme. Fromm has made clear, that love is an attitude that means I am concentrated in the meeting with others. Being able to concentrate and the ability to make love an end in itself, is synonymous. To avoid plagiarizing previous work, I need to love working. Bergson has shown that intuition and intellect are two forms of consciousness and fundamental in the experience of reality. Two forms of knowledge. If I plan what I am going to paint, my point of departure is the intellect which inhibit the work. If I instead start from intuition, I let the present time add something new to the work. What Zen has shown and emphasized, is that my behavior indicate whether I am present or not. Practically practicing being present enables you to react spontaneously on reality instead of planning your actions. The theoretical perspectives agree on the importance of being present. And also, what is important is not to choose one or the other. What is essential is both. The meeting between me and others. Intuition and intellect. As well as a behavior that reacts spontaneously and plans. What the essay has shown is that there is an imbalance between the two forms of knowledge, intellect and intuition, in a Western context. A summary question the essay asks is: what impact does it have on man as a biological being if a natural way of experiencing life, is not affirmed?