Thesis (M.A. (Human Rights))--Mahidol University, 2006. / LICL has E-Thesis 0018 ; please contact computer services.

Apresentamos idéias geográficas contidas em Geografia é destino? (livro publicado em 2003 pelo Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento) e fontes afins. Focamos em David Landes, Jared Diamond e Jeffrey Sachs, considerados neste livro como líderes da redescoberta da geografia. Eles se diferenciam da nova geografia econômica de Paul Krugman por terem abordagens menos matemáticas e mais focadas na história, na biologia e na política, respectivamente. Diamond nos leva a Darwin, Landes discute certa noção de influência climática sobre desenvolvimento, e Sachs sintetiza essas abordagens para compor a parte geográfica de sua nova sociologia do desenvolvimento econômico. Diamond, Landes e Sachs levam, cada um por caminhos diferentes, a uma dicotomia entre zona tropical e zonas temperadas. Concluímos com algumas observações céticas acerca destas redescobertas da geografia. / We look at geographic ideas contained in Is geography destiny? (a book published in 2003 by the Inter-American Development Bank) and in related sources. We focus on David Landes, Jared Diamond and Jeffrey Sachs, who are considered as champions of the rediscovery of geography in this book. Their approaches differ from the new economic geography of Paul Krugman in being less mathematical and more focused on history, biology and policy, respectively. Diamond brings us to Darwin, Landes discusses a certain notion of climatic influence on \"development\", and Sachs makes a synthesis of the aforementioned approaches in order to compose the geographical part of his new sociology of economic development. Diamond, Landes and Sachs lead, each in different ways, to a dichotomy between the tropics and temperate zones. We conclude with some sceptical observations about these rediscoveries of geography.

Exclusion has become a popular term in the recent two decades which is used to designate to the relatively disadvantageous people, groups, parties in different societies. Given the fact that concepts are not innocent, there is a need to think on the question of what &ldquo / exclusion&rdquo / as a concept excludes and includes different from other relevant concepts such as poverty, marginalization, and/or underclass. This thesis will try to answer these questions by focusing on the Inter- American Development Bank&rsquo / s (IDB) discourse on exclusion in Latin America. It will argue that the IDB&rsquo / s discourse on exclusion aims to reproduce the dominant neoliberal ideology in its post-Washington version. For by differentiating &ldquo / exclusion&rdquo / from &ldquo / poverty&rdquo / by associating the former with the practices, acts and cultures of social and political institutions specific to particular societies and states, IDB&rsquo / s exclusion discourse creates a legitimate ground to proceed with the neoliberal transformations of states and societies in line with good governance. Keywords: Exclusion, Inclusion, New Poverty, Inter-American Development Bank

Apresentamos idéias geográficas contidas em Geografia é destino? (livro publicado em 2003 pelo Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento) e fontes afins. Focamos em David Landes, Jared Diamond e Jeffrey Sachs, considerados neste livro como líderes da redescoberta da geografia. Eles se diferenciam da nova geografia econômica de Paul Krugman por terem abordagens menos matemáticas e mais focadas na história, na biologia e na política, respectivamente. Diamond nos leva a Darwin, Landes discute certa noção de influência climática sobre desenvolvimento, e Sachs sintetiza essas abordagens para compor a parte geográfica de sua nova sociologia do desenvolvimento econômico. Diamond, Landes e Sachs levam, cada um por caminhos diferentes, a uma dicotomia entre zona tropical e zonas temperadas. Concluímos com algumas observações céticas acerca destas redescobertas da geografia. / We look at geographic ideas contained in Is geography destiny? (a book published in 2003 by the Inter-American Development Bank) and in related sources. We focus on David Landes, Jared Diamond and Jeffrey Sachs, who are considered as champions of the rediscovery of geography in this book. Their approaches differ from the new economic geography of Paul Krugman in being less mathematical and more focused on history, biology and policy, respectively. Diamond brings us to Darwin, Landes discusses a certain notion of climatic influence on \"development\", and Sachs makes a synthesis of the aforementioned approaches in order to compose the geographical part of his new sociology of economic development. Diamond, Landes and Sachs lead, each in different ways, to a dichotomy between the tropics and temperate zones. We conclude with some sceptical observations about these rediscoveries of geography.

<p>This research aims to assess the role of Social Funds&rsquo / organizational and institutional characteristics for community participation processes in development projects. The research is based on a case study of the Peruvian Social Fund, FONCODES, and utilizes a qualitative data collection approach. It mainly relies on semi-structured interviews with FONCODES&rsquo / staff and community members, unstructured interviews with experts, and analysis of operational documents. The research concludes that several organizational and institutional characteristics affect community participation in FONCODES projects but the direction of this influence depends on how specific areas of the organization&rsquo / s context are structured as well as on political variables in the institutional environment.</p>

<p>This research aims to assess the role of Social Funds&rsquo / organizational and institutional characteristics for community participation processes in development projects. The research is based on a case study of the Peruvian Social Fund, FONCODES, and utilizes a qualitative data collection approach. It mainly relies on semi-structured interviews with FONCODES&rsquo / staff and community members, unstructured interviews with experts, and analysis of operational documents. The research concludes that several organizational and institutional characteristics affect community participation in FONCODES projects but the direction of this influence depends on how specific areas of the organization&rsquo / s context are structured as well as on political variables in the institutional environment.</p>

Magister Administrationis - MAdmin / This research aims to assess the role of Social Funds' organizational and institutional characteristics for community participation processes in development projects. The research is based on a case study of the Peruvian Social Fund, FONCODES, and utilizes a qualitative data collection approach. It mainly relies on semi-structured interviews with FONCODES' staff and community members, unstructured interviews with experts, and analysis of operational documents. The research concludes that several organizational and institutional characteristics affect community participation in FONCODES projects but the direction of this influence depends on how specific areas of the organization's context are structured as well as on political variables in the institutional environment. / South Africa

Submitted by Flavia Hennessey (flavia.hennessey2012@gvmail.br) on 2014-09-29T16:56:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Hennessey, Flavia - MPGI Thesis 2014.pdf: 1257612 bytes, checksum: 21e4c1ba5aa5f01e696e07c42f04ca51 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luana Rodrigues (luana.rodrigues@fgv.br) on 2014-09-29T18:27:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Hennessey, Flavia - MPGI Thesis 2014.pdf: 1257612 bytes, checksum: 21e4c1ba5aa5f01e696e07c42f04ca51 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-29T18:30:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hennessey, Flavia - MPGI Thesis 2014.pdf: 1257612 bytes, checksum: 21e4c1ba5aa5f01e696e07c42f04ca51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-19 / The Inter-American Development Bank, the World Bank, and other organizations conceive, design, and fund projects to foster development in the Latin America and Caribbean. Prior to the late 1980s, several of the projects and policies of these institutions lacked serious gender considerations and were criticized for this oversight (Flora, 1998). In 1987, the IDB published its Operating Policy on Women in Development and has since made efforts to institutionalize gender and to create indicators to measure gender impacts in its projects. The aim of this dissertation is to explore gender in the context of international development by looking at how the Inter- American Development Bank is including gender in its operations. After a literature review on the importance of gender and of development banks, this paper will explore the ways through which gender is included in IDB operations at an institutional level. The research will be based on documentation available to the public, internal documents and video interviews with staff members. After a thorough analysis of all data collected, recommendations on future action will be provided. / O Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento, o Banco Mundial, e outras organizações financiam iniciativas para acelerar o desenvolvimento da região da América Latina e Caribe. Antes do final da década de 80, vários projetos e políticas dessas instituições careciam de considerações ligadas à gênero e foram criticadas por essa falta (Flora, 1998). Em 1987, o BID publicou um documento sobre uma nova política operacional sobre mulheres e desenvolvimento e vem desde então buscando institucionalizar gênero e criar indicadores para medir os impactos relacionados à gênero em seus projetos. O objetivo dessa dissertação é explorar o tema de gênero no contexto do desenvolvimento internacional através de uma análise de como o Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento inclui gênero em suas operações. Após uma revisão literária sobre a importância de gênero e de bancos de desenvolvimento, essa dissertação irá analisar de que maneira gênero é incluído nas discussões dos projetos do Banco à nível institucional. A pesquisa será feita através de documentação disponível para o público geral, documentos internos e entrevistas em vídeo com pessoal do BID. Após uma análise dos dados coletados, recomendações para ações futuras serão dadas.

As reformas orientadas para o mercado realizadas no Brasil e no Equador a partir da década de 1980 e de 1990 diminuíram os gastos públicos e os recursos humanos das organizações nacionais de patrimônio cultural. Para suprir a demanda por tais recursos, surgiu, na arena política do patrimônio cultural, o agente financeiro internacional. Nesse contexto, esta dissertação busca compreender a relação de poder e as formas como são feitas as escolhas políticas entre os órgãos de patrimônio nacionais e a instituição multilateral que financia diversas políticas públicas culturais. Para tanto, partiu-se da experiência de dois países latino-americanos, o Brasil e o Equador, analisando em que medida os órgãos nacionais desobrigaram-se da realização das políticas públicas para o setor, sofrendo ingerência dos organismos financeiros internacionais. Estabeleceu-se como objeto de estudo três organizações o Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento (BID), o Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN), no Brasil, e o Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural (Instituto de Patrimônio Cultural) (INPC), no Equador e recorreu-se à pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo, bem como a entrevistas com gestores dos órgãos estudados. Confirmou-se a hipótese de que o processo de enfraquecimento das instituições nacionais de patrimônio cultural contribuiu decisivamente para que se retirasse, progressivamente, o poder de decidir, executar e avaliar políticas públicas de preservação do patrimônio cultural dos domínios do Estado. Entretanto, não se confirmou que as decisões se transferiram para organismos internacionais, mas sim para a iniciativa privada, buscando tornar os órgãos nacionais voltados àquele fim meros chanceladores de decisões tomadas fora deles. Verificou-se, ainda, que o processo de desmonte das instituições nacionais de patrimônio cultural brasileira e equatoriana se reverteu nos últimos anos com os governos dos presidentes Luis Inácio Lula da Silva e Rafael Corrêa, repercutindo, inclusive, na condução das políticas públicas financiadas pelo BID para o setor. / The market-oriented reforms carried out in Brazil and Ecuador from the 1980s and 1990s diminished the public expenses and the human resources in the national organizations of cultural heritage. In order to meet the demand for those resources, the international financial agent has come up in the arena of cultural heritage policy. In this context, this thesis aims at understanding the power relation between the national heritage organs and the multilateral institution, which supports several policies of cultural heritage, as well as the ways they choose their policies. To do so, starting with the experiences from two Latin American countries, Brazil and Ecuador, an analysis was held in order to determine to what extent the national organs relieved themselves of accomplishing the public policies for the sector, which caused them to undergo interference by the international financial organs. As the object of study, three organizations were chosen: the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), the Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (National Institute of Artistic and Historical Heritage) (IPHAN), in Brazil, and the Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural (National Institute of Cultural Heritage) (INPC), in Ecuador. The research has used related literature, documentary and field research, as well as interviews with the managers of the organs in study. The hypothesis confirmed was that the process of weakening of the national institutions of cultural heritage has contributed decisively to deprive, progressively, the power to decide, implement and evaluate public policies for the preservation of cultural heritage of the State domains. However, it has not been proved that the decisions had been transferred to international organs; rather, to the public initiative, seeking to turn the national organs focused on preservation of heritage into mere chancellors of the decisions made apart from them. It has also been observed that the process of dismantling the Brazilian and Ecuadorian national institutions of cultural heritage was reversed in the last years during the government of Luis Inácio Lula da Silva and Rafael Corrêa, echoing, also, in the conduct of public policies for the sector sponsored by the IDB.

As reformas orientadas para o mercado realizadas no Brasil e no Equador a partir da década de 1980 e de 1990 diminuíram os gastos públicos e os recursos humanos das organizações nacionais de patrimônio cultural. Para suprir a demanda por tais recursos, surgiu, na arena política do patrimônio cultural, o agente financeiro internacional. Nesse contexto, esta dissertação busca compreender a relação de poder e as formas como são feitas as escolhas políticas entre os órgãos de patrimônio nacionais e a instituição multilateral que financia diversas políticas públicas culturais. Para tanto, partiu-se da experiência de dois países latino-americanos, o Brasil e o Equador, analisando em que medida os órgãos nacionais desobrigaram-se da realização das políticas públicas para o setor, sofrendo ingerência dos organismos financeiros internacionais. Estabeleceu-se como objeto de estudo três organizações o Banco Interamericano de Desenvolvimento (BID), o Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN), no Brasil, e o Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural (Instituto de Patrimônio Cultural) (INPC), no Equador e recorreu-se à pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e de campo, bem como a entrevistas com gestores dos órgãos estudados. Confirmou-se a hipótese de que o processo de enfraquecimento das instituições nacionais de patrimônio cultural contribuiu decisivamente para que se retirasse, progressivamente, o poder de decidir, executar e avaliar políticas públicas de preservação do patrimônio cultural dos domínios do Estado. Entretanto, não se confirmou que as decisões se transferiram para organismos internacionais, mas sim para a iniciativa privada, buscando tornar os órgãos nacionais voltados àquele fim meros chanceladores de decisões tomadas fora deles. Verificou-se, ainda, que o processo de desmonte das instituições nacionais de patrimônio cultural brasileira e equatoriana se reverteu nos últimos anos com os governos dos presidentes Luis Inácio Lula da Silva e Rafael Corrêa, repercutindo, inclusive, na condução das políticas públicas financiadas pelo BID para o setor. / The market-oriented reforms carried out in Brazil and Ecuador from the 1980s and 1990s diminished the public expenses and the human resources in the national organizations of cultural heritage. In order to meet the demand for those resources, the international financial agent has come up in the arena of cultural heritage policy. In this context, this thesis aims at understanding the power relation between the national heritage organs and the multilateral institution, which supports several policies of cultural heritage, as well as the ways they choose their policies. To do so, starting with the experiences from two Latin American countries, Brazil and Ecuador, an analysis was held in order to determine to what extent the national organs relieved themselves of accomplishing the public policies for the sector, which caused them to undergo interference by the international financial organs. As the object of study, three organizations were chosen: the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB), the Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (National Institute of Artistic and Historical Heritage) (IPHAN), in Brazil, and the Instituto Nacional de Patrimonio Cultural (National Institute of Cultural Heritage) (INPC), in Ecuador. The research has used related literature, documentary and field research, as well as interviews with the managers of the organs in study. The hypothesis confirmed was that the process of weakening of the national institutions of cultural heritage has contributed decisively to deprive, progressively, the power to decide, implement and evaluate public policies for the preservation of cultural heritage of the State domains. However, it has not been proved that the decisions had been transferred to international organs; rather, to the public initiative, seeking to turn the national organs focused on preservation of heritage into mere chancellors of the decisions made apart from them. It has also been observed that the process of dismantling the Brazilian and Ecuadorian national institutions of cultural heritage was reversed in the last years during the government of Luis Inácio Lula da Silva and Rafael Corrêa, echoing, also, in the conduct of public policies for the sector sponsored by the IDB.