Cette thèse propose d’étudier l’oeuvre tant cinématographique que télévisuelle d’un cinéaste singulier, Jacques Rozier, au regard des différents dialogues qu’elle engage entre l’art et la vie afin de questionner ce couple conceptuel. Auteur d’une oeuvre prolifique et figure emblématique de la Nouvelle vague avec Adieu Philippine (1963), Rozier constitue un modèle de cinéaste atypique tant par ses méthodes de création par la forme que prend son parcours du milieu des années 1950 à aujourd’hui. Son rapport à l’écriture cinématographique se caractérise notamment par une conception de la création comme aventure justifiant l’invention de conditions de tournage susceptibles de faire advenir l’imprévisible. Ces méthodes engagent ainsi un type de relation au réel, à la technique, aux acteurs, au tournage, soit plus généralement à la mise en scène, qu’il s’agira de qualifier. Naviguant au gré du vent, il ne cesse d’effectuer des va-etvient entre long et court métrage, fiction et documentaire, cinéma et télévision, culture savante et culture populaire. En s’intéressant à l’ensemble de ces objets autant du point de vue de l’étude esthétique que de l’analyse génétique en passant par la compréhension des modalités de fabrication ou de réception par le spectateur, il s’agit de définir une stylistique et d’interroger le fonctionnement des différents mécanismes d’interactions, de circulations et de débordements en jeu dans ce travail. / This doctoral dissertation aims to investigate the cinematographic as well as televisual work of a singular filmmaker, Jacques Rozier, in the light of the different dialogues it engages between art and life in order to interrogate this conceptual couple. Author of a prolific work and emblematic figure of the French New wave with Adieu Philippine (1963), Rozier represents an atypical template of filmmaker, both because of the ways he used to create and of the shape taken by its career from the mid-1950s until today. His relationship with cinematographic writing is notably characterised by the conception of creation as an adventure, justifying the invention of a shooting environment allowing the unpredictable to happen. Such methods thus engage a kind of association with reality, with technique, with performers, with shooting, infact more generally with mise-en-scène, which is going to be characterised here. Sailing with the wind, he is continually going back and forth between long and short films, between fiction and documentary, between cinema and television, between intellectual and popular culture. By focusing on all these items in terms of aesthetic study as well as genetic analysis, and through an understanding of the terms of creation or reception by the viewer, it is about defining stylistics and interrogating the operations of the different mechanisms of interactions, of motions and of overflows involved in this work.

Some of Jiří Kylián’s later works reveal a distinct detectable baroque influence. They also manifest a baroque quality that resists precise explanation. This partly derives from extensive references to the baroque style and period. However, not all references are the same, and some are more easily recognisable than others. Costumes, music and props openly reference the Baroque, whereas less obvious allusions can be found in lighting design or in the way a performance ‘addresses’ the audience. This thesis thus sets out to offer a terminology to describe these phenomena and provide a framework for analysing Kylián’s reworking of baroque sources. The analysis first addresses what is understood by ‘baroque’, then moves to describe various referencing practices, before applying the newly found framework to three of Kylián’s works that take the Baroque as a source of inspiration. Central to my discussion of the Baroque and its contemporary reappearance is the work of cultural theorists and art critics Omar Calabrese and Mieke Bal. Particularly important to my argument is Bal’s emphasis on the tendency in baroque art to involve the viewer’s physical presence in the experience of art. My discussion of referencing is, on the other hand, centred on ideas developed by the literary theorists Gérard Genette, Andreas Böhn, Irina Rajewski and Werner Wolf. Genette’s intertextual model is expanded to include a more precise understanding of the nature of quotation as developed by Böhn. The plurimedial nature of dance, or the co-presence in dance of more than one medium, is addressed by introducing Rajewski’s and Wolf’s notion of Intermediality. As well as analysing how referencing functions in dance and how it participates in meaning-making, this thesis also highlights the evolution of Kylián’s referencing practice over time and explains the function of the Baroque in Kylián’s oeuvre.

This dissertation examines Raphael's Galatea (1512-13), located in the Villa Farnesina in Rome, and the role of viral transmission in relation to the iconic status and exclusivity of this fresco, and how its meaning and reception was shaped over time by its subsequent dissemination through print. The approach considers how human motivations and sensibilities drive and shape response, proposing that printed image and text participated in and amplified a process of social transmission. As such, prints can be examined, along with the objects they seek to interpret or mediate, using the contemporary notion of going viral. Printed images and text leave us traces of how ideas traversed time, place, audience, and culture, decontextualizing and then re-contextualizing works of art for distant audiences. Along the way, they shaped thoughts about those works as creators and consumers pursued agendas of their own. These portable objects offer us artifacts of the nuanced process of viral transmission that often includes a response to the original space and the insider discourses concealed on the larger market. As many details fell away, others solidified and remain with us today. Itself a response to predecessors in both literature and art, Raphael's Galatea inspired interpretations by others and became a work apart. After exploring the stories that evolved about the Villa Farnesina, its patron Agostino Chigi, and Raphael, this case study then turns to the creation and experience of the frescoes in the Loggia of Galatea. It sheds new light upon Raphael's fresco as a remarkable response to the holistic experience of Agostino Chigis villa and the intertextual and intermedial dialogue taking place amongst the various works. The final content chapter offers a re-evaluation of related engravings by Marcantonio Raimondi, Marco Dente, Hendrick Goltzius, and others, from the more familiar to the more obscure. This examination reveals an insider dialogue lost over time, illuminating how viral transmission shaped attitudes about art and artists, ultimately contributing to the formation of a canon. / Art History

This thesis investigates the poetical interplays of the contemporary magical realist computer game Kentucky Route Zero. Through the notion of literariness coined by the Russian formalists, the work centers on the ways the game operates with the established conventions of magical realism. The theory of intermediality, with its concepts of media modalities, media representation and transmediation, introduced by Lars Elleström, foregrounds the underlying connectedness of Kentucky Route Zero with older media – early instances of computer games – and with the discussed literary style. Text-world theory, outlined by Alison Gibbons and Sarah Whiteley, allows locating and analyzing the idiosyncratic presence of magical realism in the game. As the analysis demonstrates, the realization of magical realism in the game performs a subversive role by destabilizing the aspects of linearity and progression, important for games of the same genre. This, in turn, composes an overarching theme of Kentucky Route Zero – nostalgia; the theme that runs both through the stylistic features of the game and through its content.

No / Maurizio Nichetti¿s comedy, Ladri di saponette/The Icicle Thief (1989) has been read as a mordant satire on commercial television and the world of consumerism it represents in late-1980s Italy. The context in which Nichetti¿s cinema was originally created and consumed is examined here in some detail. This is followed by an analysis of how a new frame of reference (the television screening of the film on commercial UK television in the 1990s) impacted on this work and what this can tell us about spectatorship and the problematic intermedial relationship between film, television and advertising.

This paper focuses on intermedial relations between music and literature of European Modernism and early Avant-garde, and monitors the impact of music on literary texts, literature as a whole, and the essentially literary medium - the book. "Musical work", in this case, refers to Richard Wagner's music dramas and theoretical texts that outlined Wagner's artistic-aesthetic concept of Gesamtkunstwerk as a total work of art uniting all the arts. This paper follows the meta-aesthetic line of intimate, synaestheticly oriented intracompositional literary Gesamtkunstwerk in selected literary texts by Charles Baudelaire, Stéphane Mallarmé, Marcel Proust, and in The Blaue Reiter Almanac. It reveals the essence of analogies between music and literature, various manifestations of musicalization, and their significance for literary works and literature as a whole. It additionally emphasizes that the selected texts have also been influenced by already "literarized" music, as well as by esoteric teachings on speculative music, and highlights the gradual disintegration of boundaries between the arts, which led to their abstraction.

Dès lors qu’elle autorise une étude menée sur le long terme, embrassant aussi bien des textes qui relèvent de la documentation impériale que des glossaires contemporains, l’évocation d’une tentation encyclopédique vise à l’étude d’un continuum heuristique entre les ères coloniales et postcoloniales : elle conduit en effet à mettre en évidence l’évolution d’un discours érudit spécifique, caractérisé par une position de surplomb classificatrice ainsi que par une prédilection pour la collection et « l’inventaire culturel » de l’inconnu.Si l’encyclopédisme permet donc de nourrir l’analyse épistémologique d’un « africanisme » contesté et d’interroger les modalités de sa subversion potentiellement « indisciplinée », notre propos est avant tout de le considérer comme un outil d’analyse des formes plastiques et romanesques – et plus spécialement comme un point d’entrée pour évoquer des productions apparentées à ce que Bernard Mouralis nomme les « contre-littératures ». L’attention prêtée aux tentations encyclopédiques chez Paul Hazoumé, Georges Ngal et Frédéric Bruly Bouabré, mais aussi chez Théodore Monod, Alain Mabanckou ou Hassan Musa, permet de relire ces œuvres au prisme d’une porosité entre savoir et création.Combinant l’exercice de la citation érudite et l’élan d’une puissance spéculative tournée vers l’avenir, l’encyclopédie pose l’hypothèse d’une mise à plat qui autoriserait la juxtaposition libératrice d’éléments a priori hétérogènes. Dans un contexte de concurrence agonistique des savoirs postcoloniaux, elle offre un espace de rencontre arasé et pacifié, dont le revers douloureux s’incarne dans des figures encyclopédiques marginales et contestées. Mettant en scène un savoir labile et un individu hypertrophié, l’encyclopédisme est un phénomène romanesque de notre temps et il constitue à cet égard un terrain commun aux littératures françaises et francophones contemporaines. / As it induces a long-term study embracing both imperial literature and contemporary glossaries, the evocation of an encyclopaedic temptation aims to examine a heuristic continuum between colonial and postcolonial eras. It highlights the evolution of a specific scholarly discourse, characterized by an overarching position of classification as well as a predilection for the “cultural inventory” of the unknown. If encyclopaedism thus allows to nourish the epistemological analysis of "africanism" and to question the modalities of its “undisciplined” adaptations, we shall essentially consider it as a tool for the analysis of plastic and literary forms – especially as a point of entry to what Bernard Mouralis called “counter-literatures”. The attention paid to encyclopaedic temptations experienced by Paul Hazoumé, Georges Ngal and Frédéric Bruly Bouabré, but also by Théodore Monod, Alain Mabanckou or Hassan Musa, allows to re-read these works as the expression of a porosity between knowledge and creation. Combining the exercise of the scholarly quotation with a speculative impetus towards the future, the encyclopaedia sets the hypothesis of a flattening perspective allowing the free juxtaposition of heterogeneous elements. In a context of agonistic rivalry surrounding postcolonial knowledge, it offers a leveled and pacified encounter space, the painful setback of which is embodied by marginal and contested encyclopaedic figures. Staging a labile knowledge and a hypertrophied individual, encyclopaedism is indeed a phenomenon of our time and therefore offers a common ground for contemporary French and Francophone literatures.

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A presente pesquisa teórico-prática apresenta uma análise interdisciplinar da poética de obras de performance audiovisual, multimídia e intermídia, com ênfase em como a performatividade e a presença do artista na execução de sua obra estão imbricados na forma do trabalho, cuja composição é permeada por questões relacionadas ao seu dispositivo técnico. Ao abordar situações específicas de obras que imprimem movimento à forma final, a partir das quais consideramos evidenciarse a manifestação da \"mente corporificada\" do criador e inventor como ponto de conexão entre poética e meios empregados para sua execução, chegamos ao princípio das modalidades de presença poética, a partir do qual discutimos as relações entre corporalidade, performatividade e dispositivo técnico. Através de processo laboratorial de instauração de poética de trilogia de performances multimídia intitulado #LiveLivingPerformanceProject chegamos aos pontos teóricos relevantes do trabalho, entre eles os conceitos de mente corporificada (embodied mind), duplo digital (digital double), digital self e audiovisualidade sincrética digital. O projeto artístico multimídia resultante da pesquisa erige-se em um simbolismo transcendental, de livre adaptação e interpretação de arquétipos de mitologias femininas afrobrasileiras e a partir de especificidades da sabedoria dos povos originários, todos relacionados com os elementos da natureza, que serão foco central de instauração de poética do projeto. Calcados nos elementos da natureza, como forças fundantes de personificações simbólicas e psíquicas, demonstraremos como chegamos ao cerne da poética instaurada em #LiveLivingPerformanceProject ao longo do processo de investigação. Ao experimentar variadas interfaces digitais e sistemas audiovisuais, cruzando nossa experiência prática com observação de processos de instauração de trabalhos de performance, formamos nossa análise através da coesão entre processos práticos e operacionalização de conceitos de diferentes campos da filosofia, das artes das imagens em movimento e das performance arts que discutem questões como visibilidade, multimidialidade, intermedialidade, dispositivo técnico, poética, presença e duplo digital. / This practice-based thesis introduces an interdisciplinary analysis of the poetics of audiovisual performance, multimedia and intermedia works. Emphasizing on how the performativity and the presence of the artist in the execution of his work are intertwined in the form of the work; whose composition is permeated by issues related to its technical device. When discussing specific work situations that attach movement to the final shape; from which we consider evidencing the manifestation of the creator / inventor\'s \"embodied mind\" as the connection point, between poetic and the means employed for its execution, we come to the principle of presence modalities, from which we discuss the relationship between corporeality, performativity and technical device. By means of a laboratorial process to establish the trilogy of multimedia performance poetics, entitled #LiveLivingPerformanceProject, we come to the theoretical points that are relevant to the work, as embodied mind, digital double, digital self and digital syncretic audiovisuality. The multimedia artwork that results from the research is built in a transcendental symbolism. Of free adaptation and interpretation of the mythology of female African- Brazilian archetypes, as well as influences of the knowledge of native American peoples; all related to the elements of nature, that will be the central focus of the introduction of the poetics of the project. Paved with the elements of nature as the psychic and symbolic personifications founding forces, we will demonstrate how we got to the heart of the poetics, which is established throughout the research process. When experimenting with various digital interfaces and audiovisual systems, crossing our practical experience by observing establishment processes of performance projects, we form our analysis through the cohesion between practical processes, and operational concepts from different fields of philosophy, arts of moving images and performance arts, which discuss issues such as visibility, multimediality, intermediality, technical device, poetics, presence and digital double.

Ao apresentar criticamente ao público de língua portuguesa a obra da escritora irlandesa contemporânea Eavan Boland, por meio de uma seleção poética traduzida, que privilegia a visualidade e a ekphrase, este trabalho tece uma leitura intermediática (artes visuais e literárias) e verifica os efeitos de sentido da intermedialidade na construção do lirismo poético. Pressupondose a inevitável incomunicabilidade da linguagem, esta tese examina a intermedialidade, presente no processo de escrita entre as fronteiras do nacional e do cosmopolita e, sobretudo, do privado ao público e deste àquele, enquanto um recurso artístico, característico da pluralidade identitária da poesia, capaz de alcançar graus de comunicabilidade mais amplos, ou seja, menos deficitários. Por fim, a seleção de poemas aqui recolhidos traça o percurso íntimo da produção artística de Eavan Boland, momento em que os graus de articulação lingüística (seja por meio visual, verbal ou intermediático) assistem a uma suspensão de sua incomunicabilidade, e conseguem atingir esferas mais densas de sucesso comunicativo, fazendo vir à tona a natureza lírica da escrita: os movimentos concomitantes entre as esferas pública e privada referem-se à busca da interioridade, da subjetividade do eu-lírico, o auto-retrato da poetisa. Portanto, a partir do exercício interpretativo das traduções poéticas, bem como do estudo da intermedialidade, lê-se aqui a ekphrase como recurso poético na obra de Eavan Boland, capaz de metonimizar o transitar da voz poética na tradição irlandesa a partir de onde a poetisa fala, a nação irlandesa e a ruptura com essa tradição, a busca ao encontro do feminino, da voz da mulher e, acima de tudo, da voz poética enunciadora do fluxo comunicativo. / While presenting the work of the Irish, contemporary writer Eavan Boland to the public of Portuguese readers, by means of a poetic selection that privileges visuality and ekphrasis, this thesis establishes an intermediatic reading (visual and literary arts) and verifies intermediality´s effects of meaning in the construction of poetic lyricism. While presupposing language´s inevitable incommunicability, this thesis bears witness to the intermediality present in the process of writing in the frontiers of the national and the cosmopolitan and, above all, of the private and public and vice-versa, as an artistic tool, characteristic of poetry´s plural identity, which is capable of reaching broader, less deficient levels of communicability. Ultimately, the selection of poems here presented heeds to the intimate trajectory of Eavan Boland´s artistic production, which reveals levels of linguistic articulation (being them visual, verbal or intermediatic) that suspend its incommunicability and, then, are able to reach deeper spheres of communicative success, as it brings up the lyric nature of writing. The movements that go from the public to the private spheres of subjectivity refer to the search for interiority, for the self, the self-portrait in poetry. Therefore, from the interpretative exercise of the poetic translations, as well as from the study of intermediality, ekphrasis is here read as a poetic tool in the work of Eavan Boland, metonimic of the poetic voice´s transit within the Irish tradition, from where the poet speaks, the Irish nation and the rupture with such tradition, in search of the encounter with the Female, the woman´s voice and, above all, the poetic voice as enunciator of the communicative flow.