Today, it is important for companies to deliver superior customer value in order to be successful on the market. There are two different ways of achieving this advantage; a company can either follow a market driven approach or a market driving approach. The difference between these two approaches is that a market driven company listens to the customers’ demand and create superior customer value of their needs. On the contrary, a market driving company reshapes the market and offer new superior needs to customers that will be seen as a need by them. Furthermore, there is a gap of the influence the internal factors have on the market driven and the market driving approach. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide an insight of how the three internal factors, structure, financial resources and organization culture, influence the two approaches in the luxury industry. A survey was conducted in order to gather data from different companies worldwide. Both explanatory and exploratory research strategies were used when the collected data was analyzed. Explanatory research was used to test the hypothesis and explain the research question. Exploratory research was used to further understand how the internal factors influence a company’s marketing strategy.  The result of this dissertation indicates that the three internal factors were not significantly connected with market driven or market driving approach. However, it can still be argued that the internal factor structure somehow is correlated with the market driven approach. Furthermore, the findings of this dissertation can be interesting for people who seek to investigate in both the concept of market orientation and how the internal factors influence it.

Measuring organizational input into value co-creation with customers by developing and testing theoretical models of co-creation empirically in Lithuanian financial e-business environment in order to provide managers with means for measuring co-creation. / Organizacijos indėlio į bendrą vertės su vartotojais kūrimą matavimas vystant ir išbandant teorinius modelius empiriškai Lietuvos finansinėje e. verslo aplinkoje, siekiant suteikti vadovams bendros vertės kūrimo matavimo bei vertinimo įrankius.

Darbo objektas: vartotojų elgsenos ypatumai. Darbo tikslas: nustatyti vartotojų elgsenos ypatumus sveikatingumo centre „Linija“. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Apžvelgti vartotojų elgsenos teorinius aspektus. 2. Pagrįsti vartotojų elgsenos tyrimo aktualumą. 3. Išanalizuoti vartotojų elgsenos ypatumus sveikatingumo centre „Linija“. Pagrindiniai rezultatai ir išvados Bakalauriniame darbe analizuojamos paslaugų vartotojų elgsenos savybės ir jai įtaką darantys veiksniai. Tema yra aktuali tuo, kad sveikatingumo paslaugos yra populiarios, perspektyvos, vis labiau naudojamos ir vertinamos, vartotojai vis daugiau laisvo laiko skiria tokioms paslaugoms. Apibendrinti tyrimo rezultatai parodė, jog vartotojų elgsenai įtaką daro daugelis veiksnių: kultūriniai, socialiniai, asmeniniai, psichologiniai faktoriai. Prieš įsigydamas prekę ar paslaugą kiekvienas pirkėjas pereina visus pirkimo proceso etapus, tačiau vieni užtrunka ilgiau, kiti trumpiau, kol galiausiai juos visus įveikia. / Determination of consumer behaviour features in health center “Linija”.

The aim of this Master´s Thesis is a strategic analysis of the company Český národní podnik s.r.o. It consists of external and internal analysis on the base of the strategic recommendations are made. The thesis itself is divided into theoretical and practical part. In the first one there is described the methodology. The second one is built on practical analysis. Analysis of external environment is consists of PESTLE analysis, Porter´s model of five competitive forces and description of the field. Internal analysis is built on application of VRIO analysis, value chain analysis, financial and portfolio analysis. Synthesis is carried out using the SWOT analysis. Final strategic recommendations are focused on the supporting the strengths of the company based on SWOT analysis and exploit the perspective opportunities.

Since the first peacekeeping operation in 1948, the global security environment has changed and the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali - MINUSMA - established in 2013, has come to represent the emerging practice of deploying peacekeeping operations to asymmetric conflicts. Where there are on-going counter-terrorist operations, and no peace to keep. In 2014, the Swedish parliament passed a decision, that Sweden was to contribute with troops to MINUSMA, and nowadays, there is a political ambition for a long-term participation. Thus, the objective of this research is to examine the experiences of Swedish peacekeeping soldiers’ who have served in Mali by conducting a qualitative interview study. To better understand how they perceive and experience their service period and how the factors outlined in the ‘model of UN soldiers’ experience of their daily service’ influence it. The results from the interviews indicate that even though all soldiers’ has their own perception and experience of their service period, there are also many similarities, thus, a number of patterns were possible to discover. Further, all comments could somehow be linked to the service environment, which indicate that how the soldiers’ experience their service environment is dependent on the other factors outlined in the model. Due to Swedens long and well-established experience with peacekeeping operations, future studies could look at other peacekeeping missions.

Scenario Planning as a tool for planning for the future has widespread use in the industry today and enjoys an envious status as the primary tool of futures thinking. However, the development in this field has been mired with confusion on its application and purpose. Since popularized by Shell in its use to anticipate the oil crisis in the 70s, scenario thinking has grown in use to aid public policy making, corporate strategic planning and even in the natural sciences. This paper attempts to study the scenario planning process design from a corporate perspective by studying its use in energy companies in Sweden. Energy companies present an ideal industry for this study as it is embroiled with obvious uncertainties in future power and carbon prices but also with subjective uncertainties tied to the political interest in the industry and the industry being in the centre of the climate change debate. Furthermore, the extremely long term nature of investment projects in this industry further exacerbates the need for deep insights into the future. This paper studies the nature of the scenario planning process based on two past papers; that have identified the key characteristics of scenarios. Firm specific internal factors are used to explain the differences in the process designs found in empirical data. Finally a framework to design a scenario planning process is proposed. This framework takes into account these internal factors to enable companies to leverage their internal resources and make full use of scenario planning as a tool.

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate how companies in third-party logistics operate within customized warehouse solutions to identify which factors affect the work processes.  Method – To fulfil the purpose of the study, a literature study was conducted to create a theoretical framework to obtain an understanding of the subject TPL. Furthermore, to fulfil the purpose, a case study was conducted at a TPL company. The case study consisted of interviews and observations in which generated the empirical data for the analysis. The outcome of the data was interpreted and analysed by triangulation in order to detect patterns from different perspectives.  Findings – It can be stated that the work conducted in TPL-companies with customized warehousing solutions varies, due to the fact that different customers, with different products are handled in different ways. Furthermore, it emerged that there are at least 11 factors, both external and internal, that are estimated to have a direct impact on the work process in TPL- companies with customized warehousing solutions.  Implications – The results of the study have contributed to increasing the understanding of how TPL-companies work with customized warehousing solutions and also contributed to identify a number of factors that affect the work processes. With the result obtained, the study has contributed to supplementing the lack of research concerning TPL from a TPL perspective.  By visualizing the work process in TPL companies with customized warehouse solutions and highlighting factors that affect the work process in customized warehouses, this study can contribute to support the internal work in TPL companies. Furthermore, the improvement measures presented for seven of the factors can be used as a tool for TPL companies.  Limitations – The limitations of the study are that only one TPL company was included in the case study and three of the case company’s employees participated in the empirical collection. If multiple TPL companies and respondents with different areas of responsibility, one could assume that more factors than the 11 found in this study, could have been identified. Thus, the generalizability is limited for the study.

The Swedish energy market consists of several different energy companies that possess different ownership structures. The strategical directions of the different energy companies are highly dependent on these ownership structures, due to the fact that the different owners decides the overall aim of the ownership which then is considered when creating a strategy. There are three dominant ownership structures for the energy companies within the Swedish energy market today which are; privately owned, governmentally owned and lastly energy companies owned by a municipality, often called regional energy companies. The strategical direction for the privately and governmentally owned energy companies are somewhat similar, where highprofitability often is prioritized combined with a sufficient sustainability. However, the strategical direction of the different regional energy companies differs greatly, depending on several different factors. The aim of this study is therefore to identify the strategical direction for 6 investigated regional energy companies, by examining different internal and external factors affecting this strategical direction.The study was based on 6 interviews with company representatives from each of the studied companies, where 5 of these representatives possessed the role as CEO and one possessed the role as senior advisor. These interviews was conducted in order to get a good understanding of the strategical direction of each company, and to identify the different internal and external factors affecting these.The results of this study identified several different external factors affecting the regional energy companies, which was then divided into 6 different categories; Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and lastly Legal. Different internal factors were also identified and categorized into five different areas, which were Politicians as owners, Aim of ownership, State of municipality, Risk management and Interpretation of municipal law. These factors was then used in order to identify the strategical directions of the studied regional energy companies, which differed substantially. However, there were areas within the different strategical directions that was similar to all investigatedcompanies. For example, all 6 investigated companies expressed the importance of aligning the energy companies and their offering with the changing customer demand that is highly connected to the increasing digitalization of the Swedish energy market.

Les résultats ont été analysés à l'aide du logiciel SPSS / Problématique : La transition à la retraite est une étape importante dans la vie des aînés. C’est une période de la vie caractérisée par plusieurs bouleversements tels que la fin du rôle de travailleur, une diminution considérable du revenu et un changement du mode de vie qui peuvent affecter le bien-être psychologique des retraités. Selon Atchley, le risque de détresse psychologique augmente lorsque la transition vers la retraite entraine une discontinuité dans les ressources internes et les ressources externes dont disposent les individus avant et après la retraite. Objectifs : L’objectif de ce mémoire était d’examiner l’évolution des ressources internes et externes des individus avant et après leur retraite et d’estimer l’influence de l’évolution de ces facteurs sur la détresse psychologique des retraités. Méthode : Les données proviennent de l’Enquête nationale sur la santé de la population (ENSP), une enquête populationnelle longitudinale conduite par Statistique Canada. L’échantillon était composé de 426 individus âgés de 55 ans et plus au moment de la retraite. La détresse psychologique était mesurée par le K6 de Kessler. Les variables indépendantes incluaient le sentiment de contrôle (facteur interne), le stress, le réseau social et le soutien social (facteurs externes). Les données ont été analysées par des analyses de régression linéaire. Résultats : La détresse psychologique des retraités augmente en fonction de leur niveau de détresse avant la retraite et du stress financier et général vécu après la retraite. Elle diminue en fonction du sentiment de contrôle ressenti après la retraite et du changement dans le réseau social et le sentiment de contrôle avant et après la retraite. Conclusion : Contrairement à ce qui était prédit par le modèle d’Atchley, la discontinuité des ressources internes et externes n’est pas nécessairement un facteur de risque de la détresse des retraités car la situation des individus après leur retraite peut aussi affecter leur santé mentale / Rationale : Retirement is an important step in seniors’ life. It is a period characterized by several changes such as the end of role of worker, a considerable decrease in income, and a change in the way of living that may affect the psychological well-being of retirees. According to Atchley, the risk of psychological distress increases when the transition to retirement leads to discontinuity in internal and external resources which are available to individuals before and after retirement. Objectives : To examine the evolution of internal and external resources of individuals before and after retirement and to estimate the influence of the evolution of these factors on psychological distress of retirees. Methods : Data come from the Canadian National Population Health Survey, a longitudinal population-based survey conducted by Statistics Canada. The sample was made up of 426 retirees aged 55 and over at the time of retirement. Psychological distress was measured by Kessler’s K6. Independent variables included the sense of control (internal factor), stress, social network and social support (external factors). Data were analyzed by linear regression analysis. Results : Psychological distress of retirees increases according to their level of distress before retirement and to the financial and general stress experienced after retirement. It decreases according to their sense of control felt after retirement and to the change in their social network and sense of control before and after retirement. Conclusion : Contrary to what was predicted by the model of Atchley, discontinuity of internal and external resources is not necessarily a risk factor for distress of retirees since their situation after retirement can also affect their mental health.

La presente investigación analiza los factores determinantes que influyeron en las exportaciones peruanas de Palta Hass a Estados Unidos en los periodos 2010-2011 y 2013-2014, los cuales representan la mayor variación porcentual entre los años 2010 al 2017. Las exportaciones de palta hass peruana a Estados Unidos aumentaron de USD $316 miles en el 2010 a USD 30,174 miles en el 2011, con una variación de 9,499%. Seguido del periodo 2013-2014, donde las exportaciones aumentaron de USD 50,700 miles en el 2013 a USD 160,470 miles en el 2014, con un crecimiento porcentual de 228%. Al analizar estos dos momentos, se desea encontrar los factores determinantes que lograron este impacto en las exportaciones de palta hass y puedan ser retomadas o replicables a futuro. Como parte de la investigación, se realizaron entrevistas a los actores involucrados como entidades de El Estado, Académicos, ProHass y empresas exportadoras peruanas de palta hass a Estados Unidos durante ambos periodos. La información analizada indica que durante el primer periodo 2010-2011, existe una mayor relevancia de factores internos sobresaliendo el factor eliminación del tratamiento de frío. A diferencia del segundo periodo, donde los factores externos poseen más relevancia, resaltando el factor baja en la producción de la competencia, México y California. / The present investigation analyzes the determining factors that influenced the Peruvian exports of Palta Hass to the United States in the periods 2010-2011 and 2013-2014, which represent the highest percentage variation between 2010 and 2017. Peruvian avocado exports have The United States increased from USD $ 316 thousand in 2010 to USD 30,174 thousand in 2011, with a variation of 9.499%. Followed by the period 2013-2014, where exports increased from USD 50,700 thousand in 2013 to USD 160,470 thousand in 2014, with a percentage growth of 228%. When analyzing these two moments, we want to find the determining factors that have achieved this impact in avocado hass exports and can be resumed or replicated in the future. As part of the investigation, interviews were conducted with the actors involved such as the State, Academicians, ProHass and Peruvian companies exporting avocados to the United States during both periods. The analyzed information indicates that during the first period 2010-2011, there is a greater relevance of internal factors, excelling the factor of elimination of cold treatment as an outstanding factor. Unlike the second period, where external factors have more relevance, highlighting the factor of low in the production of the competition, Mexico and California. / Tesis