M. Tech. Business Information Systems / In this day and age, technology keeps advancing thereby enabling electronic libraries to be one of the most useful sources of information. Traditional, physical libraries are, however, still in existence and one would wonder what the impact of online library is on physical libraries. In this research, the impact of electronic libraries on physical libraries in a South African university is evaluated. The main purpose of this study was to explore the impact of electronic libraries on physical libraries. The goal of the study was to conceptualize a framework for understanding the impact of Electronic library on Physical library which was accomplished by finding out whether the number of physical library users had increased or decreased in terms of the usage of the physical library in the past five years, what challenges are being faced by physical libraries due to the availability of electronic libraries and finally by evaluating the impact of electronic libraries on physical libraries.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / O tema da dissertação é o direito humano de acesso à internet. O primeiro capítulo busca afirmar a existência desse direito e seu caráter essencial. Para isso, são apresentados fundamentos de quatro espécies. O primeiro é de direito internacional dos direitos humanos e baseia-se na análise de três documentos da Organização das Nações Unidas. O segundo é material e procura demonstrar que a internet tornou-se um instrumento indispensável à realização de diversos deveres e direitos, muitos deles humanos. Dessa forma, o acesso deve ser considerado um direito em si, dotado do mesmo status jurídico dos direitos dele dependentes. O terceiro fundamento é filosófico. Ressalta-se o aspecto comunitário da internet e demonstra-se que há um cidadão virtual que é titular de direitos e deveres na rede. Nesse momento, com base na lição de Hannah Arendt, é afirmado que se há uma dimensão digital da cidadania, deve haver um direito a adquiri-la, o que se dá pelo direito de acesso à internet. O quarto fundamento é positivo e direciona-se especificamente ao reconhecimento de um direito fundamental de acesso à internet na ordem constitucional brasileira, decorrente e não escrito. Após, é feito um estudo de direito comparado, analisando-se como a questão tem sido tratada pela lei e pela jurisprudência de diversos países. Ao final do primeiro capítulo, são apresentadas e refutadas as objeções mais comuns ao reconhecimento do direito humano de acesso à internet, incluindo a questão dos custos do direito. Afirmada a existência do direito, o segundo capítulo analisa seu conteúdo e seus limites jurídicos. Inicialmente, o direito é subdividido em uma dimensão de acesso à infraestrutura física e uma dimensão de acesso ao conteúdo. São apresentadas as principais políticas públicas brasileiras que visam a concretizar ambas as dimensões. Em um segundo momento, são estudadas hipóteses de violação do direito. Uma hipótese de lesão é a ausência do serviço em certas localidades. Outra hipótese é a censura virtual, que é dividida em função do método utilizado, se pelo hardware ou pelo software, e em função do agente que a realiza, se estatal ou privado. É analisada a constitucionalidade de penas de desconexão, perpétuas ou temporárias, e de medidas de interrupção total do serviço, em conjunto com a Lei 12.737/2012. São apresentados requisitos para que as filtragens de conteúdo na rede sejam lícitas. Coteja-se o estudado com o Projeto de Lei 2.126/2011, o chamado marco civil da internet. Por fim, é estudada a exigibilidade do direito com relação às duas dimensões. / The paper is about the human right to internet access. The objective of the first chapter is to affirm the existence of this right and its essentiality. To do so, fundaments of four different types are presented. The first is an international human rights law fundament and it is based on the analysis of three United Nations documents. The second is substantive, and seeks to demonstrate that the internet has become an instrument indispensable to the realization of many duties and rights, many of them human rights. Hence, the access itself must be considered a right, endowed with the same legal status of those dependant rights. The third fundament is philosophical. The focus is on the community aspect of the internet. It is demonstrate that there is a virtual citizen, bearer of rights and duties within the net. So, based on Hannah Arendts lesson, it is affirmed that if there is a digital dimension of the citizenship, there must be a right to acquire it. This is done by the right to internet access. The fourth fundament is positive and its specific objective is to identify a fundamental right to internet access within the Brazilian constitutional order, arising and unwritten. After, it is done a study of comparative law, analyzing how the subject has been dealt by the law and the jurisprudence of different countries. At the end of the first chapter, the most common objections to the existence of the human right to internet access are presented and refuted, including the issue about the costs of the right. Once the existence of the right is affirmed, the second chapter analyses its content and juridical limits. First, the right is divided in a dimension of access to the physical infrastructure and a dimension of access to the content. The main Brazilian public policies that aims to fulfill both aspects of the right are presented. In a second moment, it is studied how the right is violated. One alternative is if there is no offer of internet service in a place. The other alternative is by digital censorship. It can be done by hardware or by software, by the State or by private actors. Then, it is analyzed if disconnection sanctions and measures of total interruption of internet service can be accepted under the Brazilian constitutional order, together with the Law 12.737/2012. Requirements for content filtering are presented. The Bill 2.126/2011, known as the internet civil mark, is studied. In the end, the enforceability of the right is analyzed.

Les progrès récents des technologies de communication et la prolifération de l'informatique sans fil et des dispositifs de communication, ont induit 'a une surcharge dans l'utilisation du spectre radio. Cependant, les expériences de la Commission Fédérale de Communication (FCC) ont révélé que l'utilisation du spectre varie entre 15% et 85%. Par conséquent, les réseaux radios cognitifs (Cognitive Radio Networks ou CRNs) sont proposés afin d'utiliser le spectre radio d'une manière opportuniste. Dans ce type de réseaux radios cognitifs, où les fréquences de transmission sont sélectionnées d'une manière opportuniste - également sont appelés réseaux Ad-Hoc à radios cognitives -, la fiabilité de la dissémination des données est difficile 'a réaliser. D'abord, en plus des défis déjà connus dans les environnements sans fils, la diversité dans le nombre de fréquences qu'un noeud à radio cognitif a droit d'utiliser ajoute un autre défi, en limitant l'accessibilité à ses noeuds voisins. Deuxièmement, les noeuds à radio cognitif (CR) doivent conquérir les ressources de fréquences résiduelles avec les noeuds à radio primaire (PR), tout en essayent de les exploiter d'une manière opportuniste. En outre, les noeuds CR ne devraient pas perturber la qualité de réception des noeuds PR durant leur communication, et ce en limitant les interférences entre les deux de noeuds. Par conséquent, une nouvelle méthode de sélection de fréquences est requise afin de réduire le nombre d'interférences nuisibles aux noeuds PR, et maximiser les chances de délivrance des messages aux voisins récepteurs des noeuds CR, et augmenter ainsi la fiabilité des données disséminées. Dans cette thèse nous proposons SURF, une nouvelle méthode distribuée de sélection de fréquences pour la dissémination fiable de données dans un réseau radio cognitif multi-sauts. SURF classifie les fréquences radio disponibles en fonction de l'occupation des fréquences des noeuds à radio primaire et le nombre de noeuds 'a radio cognitive utilisant ces fréquences. Les résultats de simulation obtenus par NS-2 confirment que SURF est une stratégie efficace dans la sélection des meilleures fréquences de diffusion de données, comparée aux autres approches liées. Nous avons aussi constaté que les stratégies de sélection de fréquences sont considérablement influencées par l'activité des noeuds 'a radio primaire. Dans la suite ce cette thèse, nous étudierons et analyserons l'impact des modèles d'activités des noeuds PR sur les différentes stratégies de sélection de fréquences à travers des simulations basées NS-2. Nous avons remarqué que l'activité intermittente de PR est le cas où les solutions intelligentes doivent opérées. C'est dans ce cas où SURF donne les meilleures résultats et la région ciblée se serve des opportunités de communication. Enfin, dans cette thèse, nous allons encore plus loin en vérifiant l'applicabilité et la faisabilité de SURF. Dans cette perspective, d'abord, nous proposons une architecture d'accès à internet basse sur la radio cognitive pour les réseaux partiellement endommagés. Nous discutons les détails architecturaux et le principe de fonctionnement de l'architecture proposée. Nous avons également passé en revue les enjeux et les défis de déploiement de cette nouvelle architecture. Deuxièmement, nous discutons l'applicabilité de SURF dans le contexte de l'agrégation de fréquences et à cet égard, nous discutons une stratégie d'interférence basée sur l'agrégation de fréquences pour les réseaux radios cognitifs.

M. Tech. Business Information Systems / Although owners of Internet cafés extend the freedom to have Internet access to the community, they fail to tighten their computer security to safeguard the private information of their customers. This dissertation provides a conceptual framework for improving information security in the Internet Café, to help and ensure data privacy, data integrity, risk management and information security (IS) behaviour. The study investigated the information security issues that are faced by users of Internet cafés and explored the effects of these issues. The framework shows how users can improve their physical security to reach higher standards of information privacy over the Internet.

No description available.

The assumption that internet access is a means of building stronger communities is commonly found in a number of sectors, particularly in New Zealand government social services policy. In response to this assumed relationship between internet access and social cohesion, the present multiple case study research project examined the experience of free home internet access among families participating in New Zealand’s Computers in Homes scheme in low socioeconomic school communities between 2003 and 2005. The goal of the study was to assess how internet access and social cohesion are related in a free home internet scheme. Two propositions derived from a literature review underpinned the research goal: first, that internet access leads to ongoing use, and second, that internet access is positively related to social cohesion. The research was designed to test these propositions using a qualitative, constructivist approach with a mixed methodology. The principal method was interviews with adult Computers in Homes family members concerning their internet use and their sense of belonging to, and involvement in, the local community, across two waves of research about one year apart in two community settings. Additional data from observation, interviews and meetings with school principals and key informants such as Computers in Homes staff, provided context. Of thirty volunteer participants from among available Computers in Homes parents at two sites, twenty-six respondents took part in data collection at Time 1. Data from nine Case A and thirteen Case B participants contribute to the results. Nine of the original group participated at Time 2 one year later, seven from Case A and two from Case B. Internet use declined across the group as a whole, a negative outcome mitigated by positive experiences and individual success stories, and the emergence of ‘high-connector’ internet users. While evidence of social cohesion was found at both case study sites initially, it was noticeably associated with the activities and interpersonal influence of confident internet users at Case A where significantly greater retention of ongoing internet use also occurred. A key finding of the study is therefore that ongoing internet use was more successfully achieved in a setting where social cohesion was more readily apparent at the time the free internet scheme was implemented. Thus a positive relationship existed in this research between internet access and social cohesion in one case study of two, where conditions included the presence of opinion leaders and social solidarity. Opportunities for face to face social interaction and support such as are present in Computers in Homes practice are potentially significant for ongoing internet use. The Computers in Homes concept extends participants’ social experiences of community through the way it is structured and implemented. In combination with the mobilising behaviours of leader figures, these social experiences may be factors associated with longer term viability of a free home internet scheme as much as the presence of the internet itself. A range of significant barriers affecting individual internet users at home, and larger obstacles such as confused accountability when external agencies are involved in project management, is signalled in this research. Recommendations aimed at increasing the benefits of a free home internet scheme in terms of participant retention and social cohesion are proposed. Opportunities for further research arise from this study, in clarifying the conditions associated with positive social outcomes for internet interventions with a particular focus on the role of existing group cohesion and leadership dynamics.

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / O tema da dissertação é o direito humano de acesso à internet. O primeiro capítulo busca afirmar a existência desse direito e seu caráter essencial. Para isso, são apresentados fundamentos de quatro espécies. O primeiro é de direito internacional dos direitos humanos e baseia-se na análise de três documentos da Organização das Nações Unidas. O segundo é material e procura demonstrar que a internet tornou-se um instrumento indispensável à realização de diversos deveres e direitos, muitos deles humanos. Dessa forma, o acesso deve ser considerado um direito em si, dotado do mesmo status jurídico dos direitos dele dependentes. O terceiro fundamento é filosófico. Ressalta-se o aspecto comunitário da internet e demonstra-se que há um cidadão virtual que é titular de direitos e deveres na rede. Nesse momento, com base na lição de Hannah Arendt, é afirmado que se há uma dimensão digital da cidadania, deve haver um direito a adquiri-la, o que se dá pelo direito de acesso à internet. O quarto fundamento é positivo e direciona-se especificamente ao reconhecimento de um direito fundamental de acesso à internet na ordem constitucional brasileira, decorrente e não escrito. Após, é feito um estudo de direito comparado, analisando-se como a questão tem sido tratada pela lei e pela jurisprudência de diversos países. Ao final do primeiro capítulo, são apresentadas e refutadas as objeções mais comuns ao reconhecimento do direito humano de acesso à internet, incluindo a questão dos custos do direito. Afirmada a existência do direito, o segundo capítulo analisa seu conteúdo e seus limites jurídicos. Inicialmente, o direito é subdividido em uma dimensão de acesso à infraestrutura física e uma dimensão de acesso ao conteúdo. São apresentadas as principais políticas públicas brasileiras que visam a concretizar ambas as dimensões. Em um segundo momento, são estudadas hipóteses de violação do direito. Uma hipótese de lesão é a ausência do serviço em certas localidades. Outra hipótese é a censura virtual, que é dividida em função do método utilizado, se pelo hardware ou pelo software, e em função do agente que a realiza, se estatal ou privado. É analisada a constitucionalidade de penas de desconexão, perpétuas ou temporárias, e de medidas de interrupção total do serviço, em conjunto com a Lei 12.737/2012. São apresentados requisitos para que as filtragens de conteúdo na rede sejam lícitas. Coteja-se o estudado com o Projeto de Lei 2.126/2011, o chamado marco civil da internet. Por fim, é estudada a exigibilidade do direito com relação às duas dimensões. / The paper is about the human right to internet access. The objective of the first chapter is to affirm the existence of this right and its essentiality. To do so, fundaments of four different types are presented. The first is an international human rights law fundament and it is based on the analysis of three United Nations documents. The second is substantive, and seeks to demonstrate that the internet has become an instrument indispensable to the realization of many duties and rights, many of them human rights. Hence, the access itself must be considered a right, endowed with the same legal status of those dependant rights. The third fundament is philosophical. The focus is on the community aspect of the internet. It is demonstrate that there is a virtual citizen, bearer of rights and duties within the net. So, based on Hannah Arendts lesson, it is affirmed that if there is a digital dimension of the citizenship, there must be a right to acquire it. This is done by the right to internet access. The fourth fundament is positive and its specific objective is to identify a fundamental right to internet access within the Brazilian constitutional order, arising and unwritten. After, it is done a study of comparative law, analyzing how the subject has been dealt by the law and the jurisprudence of different countries. At the end of the first chapter, the most common objections to the existence of the human right to internet access are presented and refuted, including the issue about the costs of the right. Once the existence of the right is affirmed, the second chapter analyses its content and juridical limits. First, the right is divided in a dimension of access to the physical infrastructure and a dimension of access to the content. The main Brazilian public policies that aims to fulfill both aspects of the right are presented. In a second moment, it is studied how the right is violated. One alternative is if there is no offer of internet service in a place. The other alternative is by digital censorship. It can be done by hardware or by software, by the State or by private actors. Then, it is analyzed if disconnection sanctions and measures of total interruption of internet service can be accepted under the Brazilian constitutional order, together with the Law 12.737/2012. Requirements for content filtering are presented. The Bill 2.126/2011, known as the internet civil mark, is studied. In the end, the enforceability of the right is analyzed.

Medical records are being adjusted to match the practical way of understanding an illness as a disorder in the balanced state of the organism. This approach has also modified opinions regarding the form of medical documentation, the determination of necessary examinations and treatment. The progress in medicine along with the growing need for specific medical information made it necessary to look for new ways of making medical information available. One of these ways is to make the system of health care documentation electronic. The main tool of this system is an electronic health card. The objective of my work was to find out the following: the extent of utilization of electronic health cards; doctors´ opinions regarding the use of electronic medical documentation; the attitude of patients to medical documentation and the willingness of doctors to join the IZIP project of electronic health cards. Two hypotheses were checked for the purpose of the graduation work. Hypothesis no. 1 {--} Medical personnel expect that the project of electronic health cards will speed up the process of providing information about patients´ state of health. Hypothesis no. 2 {--} Health care facilities are willing to keep electronic documentation only if they receive compensation for increased administrative activities. To check the hypotheses, the author used the method of quantitative research. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire. The research was carried out between January and March 2009. The research was performed in health care facilities in South Bohemia represented by private doctors. 200 questionnaires were printed out. 152 of these could be fully used for the research. Hypothesis no. 1 was confirmed since 58% of the people who filled out the questionnaire agreed with the statement that the project of electronic health cards would accelerate the process of sharing information about patients´ state of health. Hypothesis no. 2 was not confirmed. There are two main problems preventing the use of IZIP; one of them is that patients are not interested and the other that doctors do not trust the system. That is why the necessary information is not always found in the IZIP since some health care facilities do not work with the system. Doctors would have to be forced or sufficiently motivated to transfer to the use of electronic medical documentation and they would have to change their negative attitude to modern technologies. This work could extend the information about medical documentation and electronic health cards among health care providers and the broader public and give feedback to people working in health care facilities.

The thesis focuses on customer satisfaction analysis of the company TEWECO GROUP s.r.o., which provides Internet connectivity in the district of Hodonin, and proposals to increase it. The theoretical part describes the problematics of marketing research. The practical part analyzes the results of marketing research of customers of TEWECO GROUP s.r.o. Based on this information, measures are proposed, which should increase customer satisfaction and bring higher revenue to the company.

This thesis was aimed to help TeliaSonera to work more consumer related. The purpose was to show the organization how consumer insights could be found and how valuable they are for the company. The assignment consisted of two parts, to develop a process methodology for TeliaSonera which could be used when a segment analysis is to be made in the future, and to study two specific consumer segments. Main focus was to be put on mobile Internet access.The Insights Process was designed based on literature studies, information from TeliaSonera and the consumer study. The process must help TeliaSonera to generate and verify actionable consumer insights, suit the organization and be possible to complete in one week. Via a current situation analysis and by testing methods to find perceptions and ways of conducting consumer studies, different concepts were generated, based on these a final process was established. The general idea was to utilize both in-house knowledge and consumer know-hows. The process consists of twelve steps, optional minitests and one regular follow-up session. The input should be a caught opportunity and output should be actionable insights. Through in-house studies at TeliaSonera perceptions were generated within the area mobile Internet access. These were later tested in a consumer study through a questioning in Telia stores and focus group sessions with the specific segments. The main trait from the group High Status Homeowners was control. Besides that, they requested simpler handling, they are always online, and they have a need of performance and of integrity. The main request from the group Educated Metropolitans was to simplify their everyday lives. Besides that, they have a need of control, they are cost-conscious and aware and they demand Internet access everywhere. This showed that the perceptions generated from the beginning turned out to be rather true.The process turned out to be an agile tool, which will complement the current work at TeliaSonera. Enhanced with toolbox, documentation-aid and consequence guide for each step, the process is easy to follow. There is software programming that has to be done before the process can be launched / Syftet med examensarbetet var att hjälpa TeliaSonera att arbeta mer konsumentorienterat samt att visa organisationen hur man kan hitta konsumentinskikter och hur värdefulla dessa är för företaget. Uppdraget bestod av två delar, dels att utveckla en process för TeliaSonera att använda när en analys av ett kundsegment ska göras, dels att utföra en konsumentundersökning av specifika segment. Studieområdet för konsumentundersökningen var mobil internetaccess.Konsumentinsiktsprocessen baserades på litteraturstudier, information från TeliaSonera samt konsumentundersökningen som genomfördes. De krav som ställdes på processen var bland annat att den skulle hjälpa TeliaSonera att generera och verifiera användbara konsumentinsikter, vara anpassad med övrigt arbete inom organisationen samt vara möjlig att genomföra på en vecka. Processkoncept togs fram med hjälp av information från nulägesanalyser och metodtester för att identifiera spaningar och genomföra konsumentundersökningar. Processkoncepten utvärderades senare och en slutgiltig konsumentinsiktsprocess utvecklades. Grundidén med processen var att använda sig av både intern kunskap inom organisationen och konsumenternas egna kommentarer och attityder. Processen består av tolv steg, möjliga minitest och en regelbunden uppföljnings-session. Insteget i processen är en uppfångad möjlighet eller idé och utkomsten från processen är användbara konsumentinsikter. Genom interna undersökningar hos TeliaSonera hittades spaningar gällande mobil internetaccess. Dessa testades senare i konsumentundersökningar som frågeformulär i två Teliabutiker samt fyra fokusgruppsessioner med de specifika kundsegmenten. Resultatet från undersökningarna visade att det främsta behovet för segmentet High Status Homeowners var att ha kontroll. Utöver det krävde de även en enkel hantering, ständig uppkoppling, integritet och prestanda. Det främsta behovet för segmentet Educated Metropolitans var att ha ett enkelt vardagsliv. Utöver det har de också ett kontrollbehov, är kostnadsmedvetna, omvärldsmedvetna och kräver att alltid kunna vara uppkopplade mot internet överallt. Detta visar att spaningarna som identifierades internt i början av arbetet stämde överens med verkligheten. Processen utvecklades till ett agilt verktyg som kompletterar TeliaSoneras nuvarande arbete. Tack vare verktygslådor, dokumentationsformulär and konsekvensguider till varje steg är processen lätt att följa och genomföra. Innan processen kan lanseras återstår en del programmeringsarbete.