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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
101

Origins and dispersal of the sweet potato and bottle gourd in Oceania : implications for prehistoric human mobility : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Plant Biology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. EMBARGOED till 31 December 2011

Clarke, Andrew Christopher Unknown Date (has links)
Mr Clarke used molecular genetic techniques to determine the origins of the sweet potato (kumara) and the bottle gourd in Oceania. Both are thought to have been introduced into Oceania by Polynesian voyagers who collected them from South America about 1,000 years ago (the word kumara is used by indigenous South Americans). Using new and improved DNA techniques, Mr Clarke analysed several hundred varieties of sweet potato and about 40 varieties of bottle gourd. The results are consistent with a pre-European introduction of these crops into Polynesia from South America, and have revealed something about their dispersal patterns within Polynesia, including New Zealand.
102

Origins and dispersal of the sweet potato and bottle gourd in Oceania : implications for prehistoric human mobility : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Plant Biology at Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. EMBARGOED till 31 December 2011

Clarke, Andrew Christopher Unknown Date (has links)
Mr Clarke used molecular genetic techniques to determine the origins of the sweet potato (kumara) and the bottle gourd in Oceania. Both are thought to have been introduced into Oceania by Polynesian voyagers who collected them from South America about 1,000 years ago (the word kumara is used by indigenous South Americans). Using new and improved DNA techniques, Mr Clarke analysed several hundred varieties of sweet potato and about 40 varieties of bottle gourd. The results are consistent with a pre-European introduction of these crops into Polynesia from South America, and have revealed something about their dispersal patterns within Polynesia, including New Zealand.
103

Molecular resolution of genetic variability of major sweetpotato viruses and improved diagnosis of potyviruses co-infecting sweetpotato /

Tairo, Fred, January 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2006. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.
104

Sele??o de clones de batata-doce com potencial de utiliza??o na alimenta??o humana e animal. / Selection of sweet potato clones with potential for use in human and animal feed.

Figueiredo, Jos? Altair January 2010 (has links)
Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T13:30:32Z No. of bitstreams: 5 license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) 20.pdf: 296814 bytes, checksum: 27fb71ee580d123540c238ee8b4b7b23 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 23422 bytes, checksum: b145eda3d84bdc4f56b389c0ab98d368 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-27T16:34:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) 20.pdf: 296814 bytes, checksum: 27fb71ee580d123540c238ee8b4b7b23 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 23422 bytes, checksum: b145eda3d84bdc4f56b389c0ab98d368 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-27T16:34:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) 20.pdf: 296814 bytes, checksum: 27fb71ee580d123540c238ee8b4b7b23 (MD5) license_url: 49 bytes, checksum: fd26723f8d7edacdb29e3f03465c3b03 (MD5) license_text: 20904 bytes, checksum: e09bf99e64678e4285abf3ef3e05412d (MD5) license_rdf: 23422 bytes, checksum: b145eda3d84bdc4f56b389c0ab98d368 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, selecionar clones de batata-doce com potencial de utiliza??o na alimenta??o humana e animal. O trabalho foi realizado no setor de Olericultura e nos Laborat?rios de T?cnicas Diet?ticas e Tecnologia de Biomassa do Cerrado do Campus JK da UFVJM, em Diamantina-MG. Foram avaliados a produtividade total de ra?zes, produtividade comercial de ra?zes, peso m?dio de raiz comercial, formato de ra?zes, resist?ncia a insetos do solo, teor de mat?ria seca das ra?zes e caroten?ides totais. Al?m dessas caracter?sticas foram avaliadas tamb?m as caracter?sticas f?sicas e sensoriais: colora??o da polpa, textura e maciez, do?ura da polpa, tempo de cozimento e aceitabilidade das ra?zes aos clones de batata-doce. Para estudo do potencial de utiliza??o na alimenta??o animal foram avaliados a produtividade de massa verde, o teor de mat?ria seca e a produtividade de massa seca das ramas. J? a silagem das ramas foi avaliada quanto ao teor de mat?ria seca, prote?na bruta, FDA, FDN, NDT, pH, F?sforo, C?lcio e S?dio. O experimento foi conduzido em blocos ao acaso (DBC), compreendendo 12 clones e 4 repeti??es. As parcelas constaram de uma fileira de 4,5 m de comprimento, utilizando o espa?amento de 1,0 m entre fileiras, por 0,30 m entre plantas, totalizando 15 plantas por parcela. Para a an?lise sensorial foram utilizados 40 provadores, n?o treinados, para cada clone. Os clones avaliados fazem parte do banco de germoplasma da UFVJM, sendo: BD-06, BD-25, BD-15, BD-38, Cambraia, BD-31-TO, BD-67, BD-45, BD-42, BD-54 e as cultivares Brazl?ndia Branca e Brazl?ndia Rosada. Foram observadas diferen?as significativas entre os clones para as caracter?sticas de produtividade comercial de ra?zes, resist?ncia a insetos, teor de mat?ria seca e caroten?ides totais das ra?zes dos clones de batata-doce. Os clones avaliados apresentaram caracter?sticas de produ??o comparadas ?s cultivares comerciais Brazl?ndia Branca e Brazl?ndia Rosada. Os clones BD-25, BD-54, BD-31-TO e Cambraia obtiveram notas para avalia??o quanto ? resist?ncia a insetos de solo abaixo de 2,0, sendo considerados resistentes a insetos de solo. Os clones BD-54, BD-31-TO, Cambraia e BD-45 apresentaram alto teor de mat?ria seca nas ra?zes. J? o maior conte?do de caroten?ides nas ra?zes foi obtido pelo clone BD-67. Os clones BD-06, BD-38, Cambraia, BD-31-TO, BD-67, BD-42, BD-54 e as cultivares Brazl?ndia Branca e Brazl?ndia Rosada apresentaram ?ndice de aceitabilidade acima de 70%, sendo aceitos pelos consumidores. Os clones avaliados apresentaram produtividade de massa verde e de massa seca das ramas comparadas ?s cultivares comerciais Brazl?ndia Branca e Brazl?ndia Rosada. N?o houve diferen?a na produtividade de massa verde e de massa seca das ramas entre os clones de batata-doce. N?o foram encontradas diferen?as entre os clones quanto ao teor de prote?na bruta da silagem de ramas. As ramas de batata-doce da maioria dos clones estudados apresentam potencial de utiliza??o na alimenta??o animal, tanto na forma fresca como na forma de silagem. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to select clones of sweet potato with potential for use in human and animal feed. The work was carried out at the Vegetable and Dietetic Techniques Laboratory and Biomass Technology of Cerrado of Campus JK - UFVJM in Diamantina-MG. We evaluated the total yield of roots and commercial yield of roots, average weight of commercial roots, shape of roots, soil resistance to insects, dry matter content of roots and total carotenoids. Besides these characteristics there were also evaluated the physical and sensorial characteristics: the squash color, texture and softness, sweetness of the squash, cooking time and acceptability of sweet potato clones in the roots. In the aim to study the potential use of these clones in animal feed there were evaluated the yield of green matter, dry matter content and yield of dry mass of branches. The silage of the branches was evaluated for dry matter, crude protein, ADF, NDF, TDN, pH, Phosphorus, Calcium and Sodium. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD), including 12 clones and 4 replications. The plots consisted of one row 4.5 m long, using the 1.0 m spacement between rows by 0.30 m between plants, totaling 15 plants per plot. For the sensorial analysis were used 40 untrained tasters for each clone. The clones are part of the germplasm bank of UFVJM, as follows: BD-06, BD-25 BD-15 BD-38, Batiste, BD-TO-31, BD-67 BD-45 BD-42, BD-54 and Pink and White Brazlandia. There were observed significant differences between the clones for the characteristics of commercial yield, resistance to insects, dry matter content and total carotenoids in roots of sweet potato clones. The evaluated clones showed similar characteristics of yield when compared to commercial cultivars Pink and White Brazlandia. The clones BD-25 BD-54 BD-31-TO and Batiste scored in evaluation for resistance to insects of soil below 2.0 and were considered resistant to soil insects. Clones BD-54 BD-31-TO, Batiste and BD-45 had high dry matter content in roots. The highest content of carotenoids in roots was obtained by clone BD-67. Clones BD-06, BD-38, Batiste, BD-TO-31, BD-67 BD-42 BD-54 and Pink and White Brazlandia had a level of acceptability above 70%, being accepted by consumers. The clones showed productivity of green mass and dry mass of branches similar to Pink and White Brazlandia commercial cultivars. There was no difference in yield of green mass and dry weight of branches among the clones of sweet potato. There were no differences between the clones on the crude protein content of silage forms. The branches of sweet potatoes in the majority of the clones showed potencial use for animal feed, either as fresh as in the form of silage.
105

Glyphosate, suas combinações com outros herbicidas e formulações no controle de plantas daninhas importantes na cultura da soja

Ferreira Neto, Mario Eduardo [UNESP] 06 March 2011 (has links) (PDF)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-03-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:16:34Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ferreiraneto_me_me_jabo.pdf: 1445654 bytes, checksum: b179a42d4eeb46cdbbec60b82a6761b5 (MD5) / Monsanto / A adoção da tecnologia Roundup-Ready® de controle de plantas daninhas na cultura da soja foi bastante rápida e extensa expondo-a a uma grande diversidade de situações de composição especifica de comunidades infestantes, características edáficas e climáticas e de práticas agrícolas. Em alguns anos, passaram a serem identificadas plantas daninhas com maiores dificuldades de controle pelo glyphosate e que passaram a ser selecionadas e suas importâncias aumentadas nos agroecossistemas. Com o objetivo de estudar o controle de plantas daninhas em soja geneticamente modificada para tolerância ao glyphosate dois ensaios foram conduzidos um a campo e outro em condições de casa de vegetação. O ensaio de campo foi conduzido no Pontal do Paranapanema e foram avaliados os controles de plantas daninhas e seletividade à cultura da soja do glyphosate aplicado isolado e em combinação com diclosulam, cloransulam-methyl, flumioxazin e s-metolachlor. Foram dois grupos de tratamentos: um com aplicação única e outro com aplicação seqüencial de glyphosate. No campo, o experimento obedeceu ao delineamento em blocos ao acaso. Os resultados mostraram que aplicações seqüenciais proporcionaram melhor controle de Commelina benghalensis, mas não incrementaram o de Ipomoea triloba. Os melhores níveis de produtividade foram obtidos nas parcelas tratadas com a combinação de flumioxazin ou s-metolachlor com glyphosate, com ou sem aplicação seqüencial. Um segundo grupo de ensaios foi conduzido em vasos com o objetivo de avaliar a atividade biológica de diferentes doses e formulações do glyphosate em Macroptilium lathyroides, Euphorbia heterophylla e Senna obtusifolia em estádio de desenvolvimento em que regularmente há dificuldade de controle nas condições de campo. Todos os ensaios obedeceram ao delineamento... / The adoption of the Roundup-Ready® technology for weed control in soybeans was very quick and extensive. With the geographic expansion, the Roundup-Ready® soybeans met a big diversity of situations of weed composition, spil and climate features, and agronomic practices. After some years, certain weeds were identified as more tolerant to glyphosate and were selected in Roundup-Ready® soybean growing areas. So, two assays were carried out aiming to evaluate the weed control in Roundup-Ready® soybean. The first experiment was conducted under field conditions and the use of glyphosate alone or mixed with diclosulam, cloransulammethyl, flumioxazin, and s-metolachlor were evaluated under two situations: single spraying or followed of a complementary spraying of glyphosate, 14 days after the first one. The complementary application of glyphosate increased the Commelina benghalensis control, but did not change Ipomoea triloba control. The better productivity levels were achieved using the treatments with flumioxazin or s-metolachlor + glyphosate, with or without the complementary applicatrin. The second group of assays was carried under pot conditions out aiming to evaluate the biological activity of different doses and formulations of glyphosate in the control of Macroptilium lathyroides, Euphorbia heterophylla and Senna obtusifolia at growth stage in which some control difficulties were reported, under field conditions. A greenhouse essay was carried out under for each weed in the completely randomized experimental design with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a 3 x 4 factorial design considering three commercial formulations (Roundup Original®, Roundup-Ready® e Roundup Ultra®) and four doses (2,32; 1,68; 1,15 e 0,57 kg.ha-1) of glyphosate. Additionally, a control plot without chemical control was considered. The results showed that the three weeds had differential... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
106

Produtividade e características físico-químicas de acessos de batata-doce procedentes de comunidades quilombolas do Vale do Ribeira / SP / Productibidad y cararcteristicas físico-químicas de acesos de Camote procedentes de comunidades quilombolas do Vale do Ribeira /SP

Solano Mendoza, Juan David [UNESP] 22 February 2017 (has links)
Submitted by JUAN DAVID SOLANO MENDONZA null (juan.solanomendoza@gmail.com) on 2017-04-19T18:30:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertaçao JUAN MENDOZA.pdf: 1111206 bytes, checksum: 0b4a862173ec55a33d92959d7331d935 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-04-19T19:56:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 solanomendoza_jd_me_bot.pdf: 1111206 bytes, checksum: 0b4a862173ec55a33d92959d7331d935 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-19T19:56:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 solanomendoza_jd_me_bot.pdf: 1111206 bytes, checksum: 0b4a862173ec55a33d92959d7331d935 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-22 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A batata-doce é uma das principais hortaliças cultivadas no mundo, as suas raízes tuberosas têm múltiplos usos na alimentção humana e animal e na produção industrial de farinha, amido e etanol. Os teores de compostos biativos, caracteristicas fisico-quimicas de quailidade pós-colheita e produtividade, podem diferir entre genótipos e idade da planta. O Vale do Ribeira é uma região de comunidades tradicionais que mantêm diferentes acessos de batata-doce. Este estudo foi realizado de fevereiro a outubro de 2015, o objetivo principal foi realizar a caracterização físico-química e de produtividade de três acessos de batata-doce pertencentes ao Banco de Germplasma da Universidade Estadual Paulista.Registro. As análises do experimento foram feitas nos acessos VR 13-01 (casca roxa e polpa roxa fortemente pigmntada), VR13-11 (casca rosa e polpa branca) e VR13-50 (casca creme e polpa branca). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com seis repetições por tratamento e cada parcela tinha 5 plantas.O espaçamento de plantio entre plantas foi de 0,25 m e 0,80 m entre linhas. As avaliações das analises físico-químicas, compostos bioativos e produtividade foram feitas aos 120,150 e 180 dias após o plantio. Foram determinados a produçao total de matéria fresca da parte aérea, produçao total de matária seca da raiz, produtividade total de raizes, produtividade comercial de raízes, produção de raizes não comercias , teor de sólidos solúveis , teor de amido, comteúdo de compostos fenólicos totais, flavonoides totais, antocianinas totais e capacidade antioxidante. As características selecionadas pela PCA foram submetidas a análise de variância, complementadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott, a 5% de probabilidade. Considerou-se significativo quando p<0,05. Comparando os três acessos o VR 13­ 01 mostrou os maiores teores de sólidos solúveis (16,6 ° Brix), antocianinas totais (111,6 mg 100 g;1 e o VR13­50 apresentou o maior teor de amido (25,3%) e produtividades mais elevadas ( 43.011kg ha-1). / The sweet potato is one the most grown vegetable crops in the world, its storage roots have multiple uses as human and animal foods and in industrial production of flour, starch and ethanol. The starch and sugar content may differ genotypes and harvest season. The Vale do Ribeira region has traditional communities keep different accessions of sweet potato. This study was conducted from February to October 2015, and main objetive was the physico-chemical characterization, bioactive compounds and productivity of three accessions of sweet potato belonging to the Germplasn Bank of Universidad Estadual Paulista. Accession were VR 13-01 (purple skin and strongly purple pulp).VR13-11( lightly purple skin and white pulp) and VR13-50 ( cream skin and white pulp).The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replications per treatment and each plot had 5 plants. The planting distance between plants was 0.25 m and 0.80 m between rows. The biochemical , physico chemical characterization and production yields was made 120,150 and 180 days after planting. The total productions yield, soluble solids content, and starch content were determined and significant differences among accessions obtained by ANOVA and means separated by a Scott-Knott test. Comparing all three accessions. VR13-01 showed highhest soluble solid content (16,6° Brix), anthocyanin content (111,6 mg 100-1 and accessions VR13-50 showed the highest starch content (25,3 %) and the highest production yields (43.011 Kg ha 1).
107

Produção de clones de batata-doce em função de ciclo de cultivo

Oliveira, Alisson Marcel Souza de 26 July 2013 (has links)
Sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] is technically a perennial plant, cultivated and explored as an annual crop. Thus, the identification of the cultivation cycle and sweet potato clones is important for a better utilization of this crop, in both, human and animal nutrition, as for ethanol production. The aim of this work was to evaluate the performance of sweet potato clones grown in different cultivation cycles. The experimental design was a randomized block design, in a split-plot scheme, with three replications. We tested in the plots three cultivation cycles (3, 5 and 7 months), and in the split plots, six sweet potato clones (accessions IBP-007, IBP-038, IBP-075, IBP-079 and IBP-149, and cultivar Brazlândia Rosada). The experiment was carried out at the Research Farm "Campus Rural da UFS", located in the municipality of São Cristovão-SE. The analyzed variables were: survival, damages caused by soil insects, fresh and dry weight of the aerial part, total root yield, content of root dry matter, starch and amylose, and yield of starch and ethanol. All variables were subjected to analysis of variance with the F test, and when significant, the means were compared by the Skott-Knott test at 5% probability. The lowest survival rates occurred in the seventh month of cultivation (51.11%), together with the greatest damage caused by soil insects (4.29), where the clones IPB-038 (2.84), IPB-075 (3.01) and IPB-149 (2.88) showed resistance at the seven month cultivation cycle. Clone IPB-007 presented high values of fresh (14.07 t.ha-1) and dry weight (2.81 t.ha-1) of the aerial part in all the cultivation cycles, presenting also high yield of roots (33.16 t.ha-1), starch (6.63 t.ha-1) and ethanol (4,379 L.ha-1). For content of root dry matter (38.32%) and starch (26.70%), and ethanol yield (176.26 L.t-1), the clone IPB-149 stood out. There was no significant difference in amylose content. The starch content (13.94%) and the yield of roots (7.53 t.ha-1), starch (1.64 t.ha-1) and ethanol (1,034 L.ha-1 and 92.04 L.t-1) were lower for most of the clones evaluated with three months of cultivation. We recommend the use of the cultivation cycle of five months. / A batata-doce [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] é tecnicamente uma planta perene, plantada e explorada como anual. Sendo assim, a identificação do ciclo de cultivo e de clones de batata-doce é importante para um melhor aproveitamento dessa cultura, tanto na alimentação humana e animal, como para produção de etanol. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de clones de batata-doce cultivados em diferentes ciclos de cultivo. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com três repetições. Foram testados nas parcelas três ciclos de cultivo (3, 5 e 7 meses), e nas subparcelas, seis clones de batata-doce (acessos IBP-007, IBP-038, IBP-075, IBP-079 e IBP-149, e a cultivar Brazlândia Rosada). O experimento foi implantado na Fazenda Experimental Campus Rural da UFS , localizada no Município de São Cristovão-SE. As variáveis analisadas foram: sobrevivência, danos causados por insetos de solos, massa fresca e seca de parte aérea, produtividade total de raízes, teor de matéria seca de raiz, amido e amilose e rendimento de amido e etanol. Todas as variáveis foram submetidas à análise de variância com teste F e, quando significativa, as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Skott-Knott ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Os menores índices de sobrevivência ocorreram no sétimo mês de cultivo (51,11%), juntamente com os maiores danos causados por insetos de solo (4,29), onde os clones IPB-038 (2,84), IPB-075 (3,01) e IPB-149 (2,88) apresentaram resistência no ciclo com sete meses. O clone IPB-007 apresentou elevados valores de massa fresca (14,07 t.ha-1) e seca (2,81 t.ha-1) de parte aérea, em todos os ciclos de cultivo, apresentando também, alta produtividade de raiz (33,16 t.ha-1), amido (6,63 t.ha-1) e etanol (4.379 L.ha-1). Já para teor de matéria seca de raiz (38,32%) e amido (26,70%) e rendimento de etanol (176,26 em L.t-1), o clone IPB-149 se destacou. Não houve diferença significativa para o teor de amilose. O teor de amido (13,94%) e o rendimento de raiz (7,53 t.ha-1), amido (1,64 t.ha-1), e etanol (1.034 L.ha-1 e 92,04 L.t-1) foram menores para a maioria dos clones avaliados no ciclo com três meses de cultivo. Recomenda-se usar o ciclo de cultivo de cinco meses.
108

Cultivo in vitro de batata-doce / In vitro culture of sweet potato

Masiero, Daniele de Souza, Masiero, Daniele de Souza 27 June 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Maria Beatriz Vieira (mbeatriz.vieira@gmail.com) on 2018-06-11T16:27:45Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) resumo_dissertacao_daniele_de_souza_masiero.pdf: 23649 bytes, checksum: 3c666bef05b41b7c3704d03fde630a6b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-06-11T16:56:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) resumo_dissertacao_daniele_de_souza_masiero.pdf: 23649 bytes, checksum: 3c666bef05b41b7c3704d03fde630a6b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-11T16:56:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) resumo_dissertacao_daniele_de_souza_masiero.pdf: 23649 bytes, checksum: 3c666bef05b41b7c3704d03fde630a6b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-27 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / O cultivo in vitro é uma importante ferramenta para a propagação da batata-doce e diferentes fatores podem interferir na exequibilidade desta técnica, como a composição do meio de cultura e o microambiente no qual as plantas são expostas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho das cultivares BRS Amélia, BRS Cuia e BRS Rubissol de batata-doce, cultivadas in vitro em duas concentrações de sacarose, duas combinações de espectro luminoso e dois sistemas de cultivo. Para isso o trabalho foi dividido em três experimentos: no primeiro, testou-se duas concentrações de sacarose em biorreator de imersão temporária configurado na combinação de espectro vermelho e branco; no segundo utilizou-se duas concentrações de sacarose em biorreator de imersão temporária configurado na combinação de espectro vermelho e azul; no terceiro, testou-se duas concentrações de sacarose em meio semissólido configurado na combinação de espectro vermelho e branco. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2x3: duas concentrações de sacarose (15g L-1 ou 30g L-1) e 3 cultivares (BRS Amélia, BRS Cuia e BRS Rubissol). As variáveis analisadas foram: comprimento de parte aérea, número médio de folhas, número e comprimento de raízes, número e comprimento de brotações, índices de clorofila a, b e total e porcentagem de aclimatização. Para os três experimentos o uso de 30g L-1 de sacarose no meio de cultivo resultou nas maiores médias em todas as variáveis analisadas e a cultivar BRS Cuia foi a que apresentou o melhor desempenho nas condições estudadas. No sistema semissólido foi possível verificar um grande número e comprimento de raízes, enquanto que no sistema de imersão temporária foi verificada presença de brotações em todas as cultivares e maiores médias de comprimento de parte aérea. Concluiu-se que a concentração de 30g L-1 de sacarose no meio de cultura proporciona taxas satisfatórias de crescimento e aclimatização das três cultivares em estudo, sendo recomendada para a micropropagação da espécie. A combinação de espectro luminoso vermelho e azul proporciona maior comprimento de parte aérea, número de folhas e comprimento de raiz quando comparado ao espectro vermelho e branco. A „BRS Rubissol‟ tem melhor desempenho no sistema convencional, a „BRS Amélia‟ no sistema de imersão temporária, enquanto a „BRS Cuia‟ desenvolve-se igualmente independente do sistema de cultivo utilizado. / In vitro cultivation is an important tool for the propagation of sweet potatoes and different factors may interfere with the feasibility of this technique, such as the composition of the culture medium and the microenvironment in which the plants are exposed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of BRS Amélia, BRS Cuia and BRS Rubissol sweet potato cultivars grown in vitro in two concentrations of sucrose, two combinations of light spectrum and two cultivation systems. For the work in division in three experiments: in the first, two concentrations of sucrose in temporary immersion bioreactor configured in the combination of red and white spectrum were tested; In the second, two concentrations of sucrose in a temporary immersion bioreactor configured in the combination of red and blue spectrum are used; In the third, two concentrations of sucrose in semisolid medium configured in the red and white spectrum combination were tested. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 2x3: two concentrations of sucrose (15g L-1 or 30g L-1) and 3 cultivars (BRS Amélia, BRS Cuia and BRS Rubissol). The analyzed variables were: shoot length, number of leaves, number and length of roots, number and length of buds, chlorophyll a, b and total rate and percentage of acclimatization. For the three experiments, the use of 30g L-1 of sucrose in the culture medium resulted in the highest averages in all analyzed variables and the cultivar BRS Cuia was the one that presented the best performance under the conditions studied. In the semisolid system it was possible to verify a large number and length of roots, whereas in the temporary immersion system, the presence of sprouts was verified in all the cultivars and larger averages of shoot length. It was concluded that the concentration of 30 g L-1 of sucrose in the culture medium provides satisfactory rates of growth and acclimatization of the three cultivars under study, being recommended for the micropropagation of the species. The combination of red and blue light spectrum provides greater shoot length, number of leaves and root length when compared to the red and white spectrum. 'BRS Rubissol' performs better in the conventional system, 'BRS Amelia' in the temporary immersion system, while 'BRS Cuia' is also developed independent of the culture system used.
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Antibacterial activity of plants that are used in the treatment of heartwater in livestock and the isolation and identification of bioactive compounds from Petalidium Oblongifolium and Ipomoea adenioides

Mokwala, Phatlane William 08 June 2007 (has links)
The general antibacterial activity of Drimia delagoansis, Petalidium oblongifolium and Ipomoea adenioides was determined using selected Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Only extracts or compounds with high antibacterial activity were then tested against the causative agent of heartwater, Ehlrichia ruminantium, since the latter requires specialised culturing conditions. The crude aqueous extract of D. delagoansis had low antibacterial activity with its highest MIC against Gram-negative bacteria being 20.0 mg ml-1 while the crude methanolic extracts of P. oblongifolium and I. adenioides had their highest antibacterial activity against Gram-negative bacteria at MIC's of 5.0 and 10.0 mg ml-1 respectively. Two compounds were isolated and identified from I. adenioides and an unidentified one was isolated from P. oblongifolium. The two compounds from I. adenioides proved to be caffeic acid with MIC's of 0.8 and 1.0 mg ml-1 against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria respectively; and ethyl caffeate with MIC's of 0.4 and 1.0 mg ml-1 against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria respectively. Synergism between the two compounds increased the respective MIC's to 0.4 and 0.2 µg ml-1 against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The unidentified compound isolated from P. oblongifolium had a very low MIC of 2.5 µg ml-1 against E. ruminantium. / Thesis (PhD (Botany))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Plant Science / unrestricted
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Glyphosate, suas combinações com outros herbicidas e formulações no controle de plantas daninhas importantes na cultura da soja /

Ferreira Neto, Mario Eduardo. January 2011 (has links)
Orientador: Robinson Antonio Pitelli / Banca: Ricardo Victória Filho / Banca: Silvano Bianco / Resumo: A adoção da tecnologia Roundup-Ready® de controle de plantas daninhas na cultura da soja foi bastante rápida e extensa expondo-a a uma grande diversidade de situações de composição especifica de comunidades infestantes, características edáficas e climáticas e de práticas agrícolas. Em alguns anos, passaram a serem identificadas plantas daninhas com maiores dificuldades de controle pelo glyphosate e que passaram a ser selecionadas e suas importâncias aumentadas nos agroecossistemas. Com o objetivo de estudar o controle de plantas daninhas em soja geneticamente modificada para tolerância ao glyphosate dois ensaios foram conduzidos um a campo e outro em condições de casa de vegetação. O ensaio de campo foi conduzido no Pontal do Paranapanema e foram avaliados os controles de plantas daninhas e seletividade à cultura da soja do glyphosate aplicado isolado e em combinação com diclosulam, cloransulam-methyl, flumioxazin e s-metolachlor. Foram dois grupos de tratamentos: um com aplicação única e outro com aplicação seqüencial de glyphosate. No campo, o experimento obedeceu ao delineamento em blocos ao acaso. Os resultados mostraram que aplicações seqüenciais proporcionaram melhor controle de Commelina benghalensis, mas não incrementaram o de Ipomoea triloba. Os melhores níveis de produtividade foram obtidos nas parcelas tratadas com a combinação de flumioxazin ou s-metolachlor com glyphosate, com ou sem aplicação seqüencial. Um segundo grupo de ensaios foi conduzido em vasos com o objetivo de avaliar a atividade biológica de diferentes doses e formulações do glyphosate em Macroptilium lathyroides, Euphorbia heterophylla e Senna obtusifolia em estádio de desenvolvimento em que regularmente há dificuldade de controle nas condições de campo. Todos os ensaios obedeceram ao delineamento... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The adoption of the Roundup-Ready® technology for weed control in soybeans was very quick and extensive. With the geographic expansion, the Roundup-Ready® soybeans met a big diversity of situations of weed composition, spil and climate features, and agronomic practices. After some years, certain weeds were identified as more tolerant to glyphosate and were selected in Roundup-Ready® soybean growing areas. So, two assays were carried out aiming to evaluate the weed control in Roundup-Ready® soybean. The first experiment was conducted under field conditions and the use of glyphosate alone or mixed with diclosulam, cloransulammethyl, flumioxazin, and s-metolachlor were evaluated under two situations: single spraying or followed of a complementary spraying of glyphosate, 14 days after the first one. The complementary application of glyphosate increased the Commelina benghalensis control, but did not change Ipomoea triloba control. The better productivity levels were achieved using the treatments with flumioxazin or s-metolachlor + glyphosate, with or without the complementary applicatrin. The second group of assays was carried under pot conditions out aiming to evaluate the biological activity of different doses and formulations of glyphosate in the control of Macroptilium lathyroides, Euphorbia heterophylla and Senna obtusifolia at growth stage in which some control difficulties were reported, under field conditions. A greenhouse essay was carried out under for each weed in the completely randomized experimental design with four replications. The treatments were arranged in a 3 x 4 factorial design considering three commercial formulations (Roundup Original®, Roundup-Ready® e Roundup Ultra®) and four doses (2,32; 1,68; 1,15 e 0,57 kg.ha-1) of glyphosate. Additionally, a control plot without chemical control was considered. The results showed that the three weeds had differential... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

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