No description available.

Objetivo: Medir a expressão da integrina av~3 no endométrio de mulheres usuárias do DIUT200. Desenho: Estudo observacional controlado. Local realizado: Centro de saúde secundário e laboratório universitário. Pacientes: Treze mulheres sadias e férteis (controles) e treze usuárias do DIUT200 (casos). lntervençao: Biópsia endometrial realizada entre o 6°-1 0° dia pós-ovulatório do ciclo menstrual. Principal Desfecho Avaliado: A expressão da integrina av~3 através do HSCORE em amostras endometriais criopreservadas. Resultados: O HSCORE das usuárias do DIUT200 foi 0,9 ± 0,7 (média± DP), enquanto que o dos controles foi 2,13 ± 0,7 (média ± DP) (p = 0.001 Teste-t de Student). Todos os controles foram positivos para a expressão da integrina av~3. mas as usuárias do DIUT200 não apresentou positivdade para a integrina av~3 em 38,5% dos casos (p = 0,03 Teste Exato de Fisher). Conclusao: Os resultados apoiam a teoria que o DIUT200 de cobre também tem um mecanismo de ação que interfere diretamente com a receptividade uterina e a implantação. / Objective: To measure the expression of avf33 integrin in the endometrium of IUDT200 users. Design: Observational controlled study Setting: Secondary health care center and University laboratory Patients: Thirteen healthy fertile women (contrais) and thirteen IUDT200 users (cases). lntervention: Endometrial biopsy on postovulatory day 6-1 O of the menstrual cycle. Main Outcome Measure: The expression of avJ33 by HSCORE on cryopreserved endometrial sections. Results: The HSCORE for IUD users was 0.9 ± 0.7 (mean ± SEM), while for contrais was 2.13 ± 0.7 (mean ±SEM) (p < 0.001 Teste-t de Student). Ali contrais were positiva for avJ33, but women with IUD did not express avl33 integrin in 38.5% of the cases (p < 0.03 Fisher's exact test). Conclusion: These results support the theory that copper IUD T200 also has a mechanism of action that is directed at interference with uterine receptivity and implantation.

Endometriosis is a chronic disease that is thought to potentially begin at menarche and progress through a woman’s reproductive years. Adolescents with endometriosis present with dysmenorrhea and chronic pelvic pain. Endometriosis can be treated with medical and surgical management. Levonorgestrel intrauterine devices (LNG-IUD) are an effective option for medical management in adolescents. The primary objective of this study was to determine the rate of IUD insertion after laparoscopy for endometriosis in adolescents. The secondary objective was to compare the characteristics of the adolescent population with and without an IUD placed at the time of surgery. The medical records of 109 adolescent patients </= 21 years old were retrospectively reviewed for patient demographic information and surgical information. In our cohort, 36% of patients had an IUD placed at the time of laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis. Patients with an IUD placed at the time of surgery had a significantly higher BMI than patients who did not have an IUD placed (p = 0.004). The most reported symptoms were dysmenorrhea (77.1%) and chronic pelvic pain (94.5%). Patients with an IUD placed had higher rates of excision of endometriosis while patients who did not have an IUD placed had higher rates of ablation of endometriosis (p = 0.003, p = 0.05). Dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain are commonly reported by adolescent patients with endometriosis. LNG-IUDs are often placed at time of excision of endometriosis surgery for adolescents and further studies are warranted to see if they are effective in the long term postoperative medical management of adolescents who have completed surgery.

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-04-16T19:27:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA DAS NEVES GUEDES CAVALCANTI BEZERRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPG-CEMat 2014..pdf: 1961977 bytes, checksum: 48356976ff3729c606e179600ae156ad (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-16T19:27:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARIA DAS NEVES GUEDES CAVALCANTI BEZERRA - DISSERTAÇÃO PPG-CEMat 2014..pdf: 1961977 bytes, checksum: 48356976ff3729c606e179600ae156ad (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-30 / A pesquisa teve como objetivo realizar análise comparativa entre os contraceptivos DIU`s utilizados comercialmente. Dentro desse objetivo buscou-se: propor bases comparativas entre composição dos DIU TCu 380 A e endoceptivos hormonais; determinar a possível oxidação dos DIU‟s de Cobre; determinar o tipo de polietileno utilizado em ambos os DIU‟s. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no Laboratório de Avaliação e Desenvolvimento de Biomateriais do Nordeste - CERTBIO, localizada na Unidade Acadêmica de Engenharia de Materiais, na Universidade Federal de Campina Grande/UFCG. Foram utilizadas duas amostras de Dispositivos Intrauterinos usualmente utilizados, descritos adiante: DIU TCu 380 A e Endoceptivo Medicamentos. Foram avaliadas as composições químicas dos DIU‟s e o tipo de polietileno, através das seguintes técnicas: Microscopia Óptica (MO), Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura (MEV/EDX), Espectroscopia na Região de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier (FTIR), Difração de Raios X (DRX) e Calorimetria Exploratória Diferencial (DSC). Pode-se comprovar também a partir da análise de EDS a presença do sulfato de bário em ambos os DIU‟s, onde o mesmo é utilizado para tornar o DIU visível em raios X. Comprovou-se a presença de silício e oxigênio no tronco do DIU com levonorgestrel indicando ser o mesmo constituído por uma polidimetilsiloxano como informado pelo fabricante. Pode-se comprovar pela análise de FTIR, que o material formador dos corpos principais de ambos os DIU‟s era polietileno pela análise do espectograma. A análise de DRX corroborou com os resultados obtidos na análise de FTIR, que indicavam que o material dos dispositivos se tratava de polietileno, apresentando um espectograma típico de PE. Pode-se comprovar também, que o fio e os anéis do DIU TCu 380 A eram compostos por cobre. A análise de DSC mostrou ser o polietileno constituinte de ambos os DIU‟s, um polietileno de baixa densidade (LDPE). Diante do exposto podese concluir que ambos os DIU‟s possuem corpo formado por polietileno de baixa densidade, porém, possuem processamentos diferentes, onde a estrutura do DIU levonorgestrel apresenta superfície com acabamento mais refinado em relação ao DIU TCu 380 A. / The research aims to perform comparative analysis between contraceptives - IUD`s used commercially. Within this objective we sought: to propose a comparative basis between composition of TCu 380A IUD and Hormonal Endoception; determine the possible oxidation of copper IUDs; determining the type of polyethylene used in both IUD's. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Biomaterials Evaluation and Development of the Northeast - CERTBIO, located in the Academic Unit of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande / UFCG. TCu 380A and Sterile Endoception: two samples of intrauterine devices commonly used, as described below were used. Chemical compositions of IUDs and type of polyethylene were evaluated using the following techniques: Optical Microscopy (OM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM / EDX) Spectroscopy in the Region with Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). It can also prove from the EDS analysis the presence of barium sulphate in both IUD's, where it was used to make the IUD visible on x-rays proved the presence of silicium and oxygen in the stem of the IUD levonorgestrel indicating that it comprises a polydimethylsiloxane as reported by the manufacturer. Can be proved with FTIR analysis of the forming material of the principal of both bodies was polyethylene IUD‟s for examining the spectrogram. XRD analysis corroborated the results obtained with FTIR analysis of the material indicated that the devices it was polyethylene having a typical PE spectrogram. One can also show that the wire rings and the TCu 380 were composed of copper. The DSC analysis showed to be a constituent of both polyethylene IUDs Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE). Given the above it can be concluded that both IUDs have bodies formed of low density polyethylene, but have different processing, where the structure of the IUD levonorgestrel has finer surface finish compared to TCu 380 A.

Kvinnor har länge använt olika metoder för att skydda sig mot graviditet. Omkring 1,1 miljarder kvinnor världen över är i behov av preventivmedelsrådgivning och familjeplanering. Ett av de vanligaste reversibla preventivmedlen är intrauterina preventivmedel. Det är ett säkert preventivmedel och ett allt mer populärt sådant. Samtidigt florerar negativa uppfattningar och erfarenheter kring preventivmedlet vilket gör att kvinnor inte vill använda det. Trots att det finns kunskap om ämnet finns det begränsat med kunskap om vilka faktorer som påverkar kvinnans val av preventivmetod. Genom att identifiera olika faktorer kan detta bidra till en förbättrad sexuell och reproduktiv hälsa för kvinnor. Syftet är att beskriva och sammanfatta faktorer som påverkar kvinnors beslut om att använda och inte använda intrauterina preventivmedel. Systematisk litteraturöversikt valdes som metod, där tretton artiklar med kvalitativ och kvantitativ design granskades. Två huvudteman med tillhörande subteman identifierades; Faktorer som relaterar till beslut om att använda intrauterina preventivmedel och Faktorer som relaterar till beslut om att inte använda intrauterina preventivmedel. Faktorerna kategoriserades vidare in i subteman och benämns som ett säkert preventivmedel, en trygg relation till vårdpersonal, rädsla för preventivmetodens egenskaper, negativ påverkan från samhället och kunskapsbrist hos patient och professionell vårdare. Resultaten visar att flera olika faktorer spelar in i kvinnans val gällande att använda eller inte använda intrauterina preventivmedel som preventivmetod. Ojämlikhet rörande ansvarstagande inom preventivmedel kan ses. Delaktighet och informerat val behövs för att skapa en god vårdrelation. / Women have used various methods to protect themselves against pregnancy. Around 1.1 billion women worldwide are in need of contraceptive counseling and family planning. One of the most common reversible contraceptives is intrauterine contraception. This contraceptive is a safe method and an increasingly popular one. At the same time, negative perceptions and experiences about the contraceptive abound, which means that some women do not want to use it. Although there is in-depth knowledge of the subject, there is limited knowledge about the factors that influence a woman's choice of contraceptive method. By identifying various factors, it can contribute to improved sexual and reproductive health for women. The aim of this study is to describe and summarize factors that influence women's decisions to use and non-use intrauterine contraceptives. A systematic literature review was selected where thirteen articles with qualitative and quantitative design have been reviewed. Two main themes and associated sub-themes were identified; Factors related to decisions to use intrauterine contraceptives and Factors related to decisions to not use intrauterine contraceptives. The factors were further categorized into sub-themes and are referred to as a safe contraceptive, a trusting relationship with healthcare staff, fear of the qualities of the contraceptive method, negative impact from society and lack of knowledge among patients and professional careers. The results show that several different factors play a role in a woman’s choice to use or non-use intrauterine contraceptives as a method of contraception. Inequality regarding responsibility in contraception can be seen. Participation and informed choice are needed to create a good care relationship.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado. / Objective: Systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effects of uterine or paracervical lidocaine application on pain control during IUD insertion. Methods: PubMed and five other electronic research databases were searched through 15 November 2017 for RCTs comparing lidocaine treatment vs. a control (placebo or no-intervention) to prevent pain during IUD insertion. Searched terms included ‘IUD insertion’, ‘lidocaine’ and ‘randomised controlled trial’. RCTs evaluating lidocaine treatment before IUD insertion without restriction of language, age and IUD type. Pain measured by visual pain scales at tenaculum placement, IUD insertion and immediate post-IUD insertion. Results of random effects meta-analyses were reported as mean differences (MDs) of visual pain scale (VPS) scores and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Eleven RCTs (n = 1458 women) reporting paracervical lidocaine block or uterine mucosa lidocaine application before IUD insertion. Lidocaine produced lower VPS scores during tenaculum placement (MD −0.99, 95% CI: −1.73 to −0.26), IUD insertion (MD −1.26, 95% CI: −2.23 to −0.29) and immediate post-IUD insertion period (MD −1.25, 95% CI: −2.17 to −0.33). Conclusion: Lidocaine treatment was associated with modest reduction of pain during tenaculum placement and after IUD insertion. / Revisión por pares

No description available.

Teenage childbearing is considered a societal ill, despite the evidence failing to demonstrate a causative link between teenage childbearing and negative consequences for teens or their children. This thesis argues that the strongly held assertion that teenage childbearing is detrimental to teens and society is rooted in racist eugenics theories and histories of reproductive coercion. Today, social scientists, health care providers, and public health professionals develop and celebrate programs that reduce rates of teen pregnancy, particularly programs that provide Long Acting Reversible Contraceptives (LARCs) to teens in marginalized communities. While these efforts are well-intentioned, they fail to recognize their perpetuation of histories of reproductive coercion of young women of color. This paper recommends ways in which the medical community can be better informed and respect reproductive autonomy in caring for teens from marginalized communities. / Urban Bioethics

Use of long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) is a highly effective strategy for preventing pregnancy. Methods of LARC include the intrauterine device (IUD) and the contraceptive implant; the latter is currently unavailable in Canada. Less than 5% of Canadian women use LARC as their contraceptive method. Exploration of women’s experiences with methods of LARC can shed light on the factors and dynamics influencing information and use. Understanding these dynamics may also inform efforts to increase awareness of the contraceptive implant, once it is approved for use in Canada. This multi-methods study aimed to assess Ontario women’s knowledge of and attitudes toward methods of LARC and identify avenues to improve information and services related to LARC in the province. The study comprises two components: an anonymous online bilingual survey and a telephone/Skype interview with a subset of survey participants. Our results suggest that the main factors influencing LARC use are its ease of use, efficacy, and recommendation by a health care professional. Most survey respondents were satisfied with the information provided by their health care provider when they were first prescribed LARC. However, Franco-Ontarian participants we interviewed faced challenges obtaining reproductive service in French. Participants highlighted a number of ways that LARC could be improved and new methods of LARC could be introduced in Canada. This study provides insight into opportunities to improve counselling to Ontarian women and highlights areas that should be routinely discussed with contraceptive patients about methods of LARC.