Orientador: Rogério Lopes Vieites / Banca: Elisangela Marques Jeronimo Torres / Banca: Flavia Queiroga A. de Almeida / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver uma geleia light de maná cubiu adoçada com sucralose, avaliar sua composição e aceitabilidade. No fruto in natura e na polpa branqueada de maná cubiu foram realizadas as seguintes análises físico-químicas (Sólidos Solúveis, pH, Acidez Titulável, açúcar redutor), quantificação da cor instrumental e análises bioquímicas (Compostos Fenólicos Totais e Atividade Antioxidante pelo método DPPH). As geleias foram preparadas com uma concentração de 60:40 (polpa:açúcar cristal) para a convencional e 60:40 (polpa:açúcar cristal + sucralose) para as geleias light. Para que ocorresse a geleificação das mesmas, foi utilizada pectina cítrica. A geleia foi envasada à quente em embalagens de vidro com capacidade para 320g, previamente esterilizadas fechadas e invertidas. Após o envase as geleias foram resfriadas naturalmente e estocados à temperatura ambiente. Nas geleias foram feitas as seguintes análises: físico-químicas (Sólidos Solúveis, pH, Acidez Titulável, açúcar redutor e açúcar redutor total), quantificação da cor instrumental, análises bioquímicas (Compostos Fenólicos Totais e Atividade Antioxidante pelo método DPPH), análise microbiológica e análise sensorial, durante o período de armazenamento de 120 dias. Os teores de Sólidos Solúveis aumentaram durante o tempo de armazenamento. Os tratamentos que apresentaram adição de edulcorante (formulações light), ocasionou pequena elevação do valor do pH quando comparados com a geleia convencional. Durante o período de armazenamento houve pequena elevação nos teores de Acidez Titulável, principalmente nas formulações light. Os Compostos Fenólicos Totais apresentaram redução significativa nos primeiros quinze dias de armazenamento para todos os tratamentos, já o antioxidantes não sofreram alterações ... / Abstract: The objective of this work was to develop a light jelly manna cubiu sweetened with sucralose, evaluate its composition and acceptability. In the fresh fruit and bleached pulp manna cubiu were held the following physico-chemical analysis (soluble solids, pH, Acidity, reducing sugar), quantification of instrumental color and chemistries (Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Totals by DPPH method). The jellies were prepared with a concentration of 60:40 (pulp crystallized sugar) for conventional and 60:40 (pulp: Crystal + sucralose sugar) for light jellies. For gelation thereof occur, citrus pectin was used. The jelly was bottled in the hot glass containers with a capacity of 320g, pre-sterilized closed and inverted. After filling the jellies were cooled naturally and stored at room temperature. Jelly were asked the following analyzes: Physical and chemical (soluble solids, pH, Acidity, reducing sugar and total reducing sugar), quantification of instrumental color, biochemical (Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Totals by DPPH method), and microbiological analysis sensory analysis for the storage period of 120 days. The Soluble Solids content increased during the storage time. The treatments showed that the addition of sweetener (formulations light) caused a small increase of the pH value when compared with the conventional jelly. During the storage period, there was a small increase in Titratable Acidity levels, especially in light formulations. The Phenolic Compounds Total fell significantly in the first fifteen days of storage for all treatments, as the antioxidants did not change significantly during storage. The results of the gel did not show any microbiological contamination until 120 days of storage, appearing in satisfactory sanitary conditions. The Jelly Light 2 (60% + 28% sucrose pulp + 12% sucralose), showed greater acceptance and according to the assessment of purchase ... / Mestre

No description available.

Sediment material around the base of a bridge pier is moved by the flow velocity and associated turbulence. This phenomenon is generally termed as local scour and can lead to undermining the structure and increase its possibility of failure. Numerous factors can affect bridge pier scour and they have been investigated for decades. Debris jams, one of these factors, could significantly contribute to bridge failure as some field examples and experimental investigations pointed out. Woody debris accumulation on the front of either single or multiple bridge piers can result in deeper pier scour and extra load exerted on the pier. Several studies have already investigated the influence of woody debris on pier scour in terms of static woody debris. In addition, HEC-18 (2012) also proposed a design code to estimate scour depth in the presence of woody debris jam. However, in these studies, the woody debris jam was considered to be static, whereas a woody debris jam accumulates piece by piece, growing to a debris jam with a shape most akin to a half-cone, and then may even eventually break up and be carried in pieces downstream. Therefore, this research investigated the evolution of the loading onto and scouring around a bridge pier in the presence of dynamic debris jams. In this study, the temporal evolution of the bridge pier scours was monitored during the development of dynamic debris jams. Experimental modeling was conducted to explore the influence of dynamic debris jam on bridge pier scour using a scale of 30 by employing both dowels and seedling trees. It was found that the dynamic debris jam of dowels could last 10-20 minutes and reach a critical size, then fail and subsequently reform. In addition, the first debris jam had an obvious influence on scour depth which correlated to the blockage generated by the debris jam; however, the influence of the subsequent debris jam depended on its size compared to the previously formed one. For the dynamic debris jam using seedling trees, the debris jam lasted for a longer time once it formed, and it could lead to twice the maximum scour depth compared to that generated in the absence of the debris jam, which is the same with dowels debris jam. In addition, the hydraulic head induced by the debris jam was correlated to the blockage of the debris jam and the flow Froude number irrespective of whether the dynamic debris jam was made of dowels or seedling trees. Additionally, blank control tests in the absence of a debris jam were used along with previous data gleaned from the literature to develop and test new multigene genetic programming (MGGP) models for the temporal evolution of scour. The MGGP model, using the non-dimensional variables from the empirical equations, can reach a better accuracy than the empirical equations, which indicates the ability of the model to optimize the empirical equations. The temporal evolution of load exerted onto the bridge pier with a dynamic debris jam was also measured. Experimental tests were performed to investigate the additional debris jam drag force exerted onto the bridge pier using both dowels and seedling trees in the presence of a fixed flume bed. Likewise, the dynamic debris jam of dowels lasted for about 10-20 mins, while those formed by the seedling trees, once formed, could last over 50 mins. The investigation demonstrated that the drag coefficient of the seedling trees jam was higher than that of the dowels jam. More importantly, a spike in the drag force was also observed irrespective of whether the jams were formed by dowels or seedling trees. Detailed investigation of the flow field around the debris jam and pier provided insight into the mechanics of debris jams. Three half-cone-shaped debris jams of the same dimensions were designed and built. The three jams were fabricated using: a) 20 cm long dowels, b) 30 cm long dowels, or c) a 3D printer. For each jam, four sections were measured using an Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter (ADV). The results indicated that the flow fields around the 20 cm length dowel jam and the 30 cm length dowel jam were similar. In addition, the section behind the pier and debris jam showed divided zones termed herein as the accelerated high-velocity zone, the high shear transition zone, and the wake dead zone. As for the drag coefficient, the 20 cm length dowels jam and 30 cm length dowels jam shared a very close magnitude of 1.7, but the drag coefficient of the 3D printer debris jam was only 0.88 which indicated the debris jam built by individual pieces behaved differently than the block jam.

The purpose of this intrinsic case study was to understand the function and significance of Java Jam--an annual music performance event at a public high school in which students select and rehearse music to perform. Five questions guided the study: How do different groups of Pikeford High School community members view Java Jam? How does Java Jam influence music-making? What are the successes and failures of Java Jam? What are the connections between Java Jam participants and school music? And, how does Java Jam affect the Pikeford High School community? In this study, I provide a detailed description of Java Jam through the perspective of 24 participants representing varied roles among PHS community members: students, teachers, parents, and alumni. The study was bound by both time and place, and data were collected at Pikeford High School during the 2013-2014 school year. Data used in this study consist of personal interviews, a focus group session, observations, and archival data submitted by participants. The research results are presented as both a personal narrative and case description from participant perspectives. This study provides an example of extracurricular alternative music making in which students engage in self-directed learning and peer learning. This study impacts the field of music education in that it demonstrates positive outcomes from an event such as Java Jam, including increased student autonomy, space for musical creativity, and increased confidence among student participants. I present additional implications for the field of music education, music teacher education, and future research to close the study. / Music Education

L’adhésion, la migration cellulaire et l’environnement stromal sont intimement liés pour garantir l’homéostasie du système immuno-hématopoïétique. Néanmoins, nos connaissances des mécanismes responsables du maintien de ce processus fonctionnel restent fragmentaires. Notre étude a permis de mieux caractériser le stroma ganglionnaire et médullaire dans lesquels nous avons démontré de nouveaux rôles immuno-régulateurs des molécules d’adhésion jonctionnelle JAM-B et JAM-C. Dans la zone T des ganglions lymphatiques, les cellules réticulaires fibroblastiques (FRC) sécrètent des composés de la matrice extracellulaire et des chimiokines homéostatiques, nécessaires à la migration intranodale des lymphocytes T naïfs. La génération de nouveaux anticorps monoclonaux a permis d’identifier une diversité phénotypique et fonctionnelle au sein de la population FRC. L’un d’entre eux reconnaît la Thrombomoduline permettant d’identifier une population de FRC exprimant les protéines JAM-C et PDGFRα. Cette population cellulaire, dénommée FRCDP (Double Positive) sécrète des chimiokines homéostatiques, ce qui la distingue de la population FRCDN (Double Negative). Les souris sauvages traitées avec l’anticorps anti-JAM-C présentent une diminution significative du taux intranodal des chimiokines CXCL12, CCL19, CCL21 affectant la recirculation des cellules T naïves. De façon similaire, les cellules stromales des niches hématopoïétiques fournissent un environnement fonctionnel, nécessaire à l’homéostasie du système hématopoïétique. Les molécules d’adhésion sont connues pour contrôler ces mécanismes. JAM-C est exprimée à la surface des cellules souches hématopoïétiques (CSH) mais son rôle dans l’hématopoïèse reste inconnu. Notre étude montre que la molécule JAM-B est exprimée par l’environnement médullaire et interagit spécifiquement avec JAM-C sur les CSH. Les souris déficientes pour le gène jam-b présentent une diminution du nombre de CSH quiescentes et une réponse accrue aux agents mobilisants, démontrant ainsi que le couple JAM-B/JAM-C est nécessaire au maintien et à la rétention des CSH dans la moelle osseuse. / Homeostasis of the immune and hematopoietic system is dependent of cell adhesion, cell migration and stromal environment. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms involved in the crosstalk between hematopoietic and stromal cells have remained elusive. Our studies allowed to better characterize lymph node (LN) and bone marrow (BM) stromal compartments through the demonstration that expression of junctional adhesion molecules (JAM) in these compartments is necessary for the maintenance of immune and hematopoietic homeostasis. In the T cell zone (LN), extracellular matrix and homeostatic chemokines are secreted by fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC) which control naive T cell migration. We have identified new FRC subsets using a monoclonal antibody based approach to identify new cell surface markers of stromal cells. We have found that the FRC population expressing JAM-C, Thrombomodulin and PDGFRα (FRCDP, for Double Positive) secretes homeostatic chemokines such as CCL21, CCL19 and CXCL12. In contrast, FRCDN (Double Negative) that lack JAM-C and Thrombomodulin expression do not. Functionally, we have shown that JAM-C controls the secretion of CCL21, CCL19 and CXCL12 by FRCDP and that anti-JAM-C treated mice exhibit a decrease of intranodal chemokine contents. These results suggest that JAM-C may regulate homeostasis through the control of homeostatic chemokine secretion. We therefore asked the question whether similar function for JAM-C or its ligand JAM-B may be identified in the bone marrow. In the BM, Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSC) are maintained quiescent and undifferentiated in specific stromal structures called HSC niches. HSC/niche interactions via adhesion molecules and chemokines are known to be active player of HSC homeostasis. Recently, JAM-C expression by HSC has been reported, but its role in hematopoiesis has remained elusive. We have demonstrated that HSC interact with JAM-B expressed by BM stromal cells in a JAM-C dependent manner. Moreover, we have observed a decreased pool of quiescent HSC in jam-b deficient mice. Finally, we have found that jam-b deficient mice exhibit an increase in intramedullary CXCL12 content and an exacerbated response to mobilizing agents. Collectively, these data demonstrate that JAM-B and JAM-C play a dual function in lymph node and bone marrow microenvironments through the regulation of leuko-stromal adhesion and chemokine secretion.

Šių dienų miestai darosi itin dideli, o automobilių kiekis juose dar didesnis. Didelis automobilių kiekis kelia didžiules transporto spūstis, o dėl jų miesto gyventojų susisiekimas pasidaro svarbi problema. Transporto spūstys taip pat yra milžiniška taršos problema, kuri sukelia Globalinį atšilimą ir sveikatos sutrikimus. Šiame Bakalauro darbe yra mažinamos transporto spūstys skaičiuojant į sankryžas atvažiuojančius automobilius ir generuojant skirtingus šviesoforo signalų ciklo laikus atsižvelgiant į jų skaičių. Darbas susideda iš kelių dalių, tarp kurių programiniai automobilių skaičiavimo sprendimai, mikrovaldiklio pasirinkimas, šviesoforo signalų valdymo programos kūrimas, kameros prijungimas. / Nowadays modern cities becoming very large and the quantity of vehicles in them are even larger. The large number of vehicles leads to huge traffic jams and because of them communication for residents became a serious problem. Traffic jams are also a major pollution problem which causes Global warming and health illness. In this Bachelor's Thesis we are reducing traffic jams by counting the amount of vehicles approaching crossroads and generating different cycle times of the traffic light signals. The Thesis consists of several parts including possible programming solutions for vehicle count, the choice of microcontroller, creation of traffic light signals program, camera connection.

<p>Abstract (in English)</p><p>The task for the diploma work was to develop methods for measuring of moisture content by the Karl Fischer method, in jam, jelly sweets, and fudge.</p><p>The start premises was a for the company whole new equipment, which should be started up. Then programs should be developed for different kind of samples.</p><p>In the task it was as well included to develop methods for dissolving the different kind of samples, since the Karl Fischer method demands completely dissolved sample material.</p>

Magistro baigiamajame darbe atliekama vaiko priežiūros atostogų teisinio reguliavimo analizė bei identifikuojami svarbiausi praktinio taikymo probleminiai aspektai, pateikiami pasiūlymai problemų sprendimui. Darbe apžvelgiamas dabartinis vaiko priežiūros atostogų teisinis reguliavimas, dėmesį sutelkiant ties šių atostogų samprata ir subjektais, turinčiais teisę į vaiko priežiūros atostogas. Siekiant geriau suprasti nagrinėjamus teisės aktus, susijusius su vaiko priežiūros atostogomis, ir teismų praktiką taikant juos, atlikta teisės aktų istorinės raidos apžvalga. Praktinio taikymo probleminių aspektų tyrimo metu nagrinėjamas darbo sutarties nutraukimas, darbuotojui esant vaiko priežiūros atostogose, probleminius aspektus rūšiuojant pagal darbo sutarties pasibaigimo pagrindą. Be to, įvardintos darbuotojo teisės ir socialinės garantijos vaiko priežiūros atostogų metu bei piktnaudžiavimo teise, naudojantis teisės aktų spragomis, problemos. Pabaigoje aptariama darbo, grįžus po vaiko priežiūros atostogų, kol darbuotojo vaikui nėra suėję treji metai, problematika. / The thesis provides an analysis of the legal regulation of child care leave and highlights fundamental problems as regards practical application as well as suggests possible means by which a relevant solution could be developed. This paper reviews the existing child care legal regulation including the general clause and subjects who are eligible to take child care leave. In order to further understand the legislation related to child care leave the historical overview of legal development is covered. The thesis examines the employment contract termination while employee is in child care leave. The problem issues are being sorted on the basis of the employment contract termination. Moreover, rights, social guarantees of the employee in child care leave and problems, which arise due to violation of law by using legal loopholes, are considered. The final chapter of the thesis discusses the issues as regards employees’ work after they return from child care leave (taking into account that employee’s child is under three years).

This essay describes the work to document and evaluate tools for front-end development at the company B3 Consulting Group. The methods that are evaluated is AMP-stack and JAM-stack. AMP-stack uses Apache, MySQL and PHP, Wordpress is used to build with that method. JAM-stack uses JavaScript, API and Markup, for that method GatsbyJS and Contentful is used. The evaluation is done both through user tests and how the methods are percived from a developer perspective. The project also includes work with customers at the company the project is done, Wordpress is used for those web pages. / Denna rapport beskriver arbetet med att dokumentera och utvärdera verktyg för frontend-utveckling vid företaget B3 Consulting Group. Metoderna som utvärderas är AMP-stack och JAM-stack. AMP-stack bygger på Apache, MySQL och PHP, för att bygga med den metoden har Wordpress använts. JAMstack bygger på JavaScript, API samt Markup, för den metoden har GatsbyJS samt Contentful använts. Utvärdering sker både genom användartester och hur metoderna upplevs ur ett utvecklarperspektiv. I arbetet ingår även arbete med kunder till företaget projektet utförts hos, för deras webbplatser har Wordpress använts.

This thesis contributes to debates concerning the role of the Muslim Brotherhood and the study of political systems in transition, with a focus on Egypt following the 25 January 2011 revolution. Orthodox studies on political systems within Political Science, including scholarship on large-scale transitions and (liberal) democratisation, often focus on political institution-building, regime elites, civil/political rights, and purely structuralist approaches as explaining political dynamics and change. This study argues that discourse, power relations, and forms of resistance indicate and shape political processes, including change and transition. The originality of this work thus derives from its focus on discourse and power dynamics, analysed within the narrative accounts of informal political actors collected during Egypt's transition. This thesis also argues that the pillars of (liberal) democratisation have made possible the analytical location of the Brotherhood within these debates. For example, political systems have been measured on a (sometimes linear) scale from authoritarian to liberal democracy and this has made possible the framing of Islamic political movements on a scale from 'radical' to 'moderate', or constructed binaries in which movements like the Brothers are categorised. Through this work's analytical and empirical approach, these categories are shown to be simplistic and fragile. Two central themes are developed in relation to discourse, power relations, and the Brotherhood: democratisation as discourse and political violence. Through this study's framework political change and transformation are studied beyond the level of the regime and political elite, as is often the focus within political systems/transitions literature. Conceptions of Egypt's political transition and of the Brothers are grounded in empirical research and the experiences of political actors on the ground.