Many critics have examined the shifting nature of female friendship in Jane Austen’s Emma from cultural and historical angles. However, a comprehensive scientific analysis of female-female alliance and competition in the novel remains incomplete. The Literary Darwinist approach considers the motivations of fictional characters from an evolutionary perspective, focusing primarily on human cognition and behaviors linked to reproductive success, social control, and survival. While overt physical displays of male competition are conspicuous in the actions of the human species and those of their closest primate relatives, female aggression is often brandished psychologically and indirectly, which makes for a much more precarious study. In this paper, cultural criticism and evolutionary psychology work together to unravel the most complicated and arcane layers of intrasexual competition between women in Emma. Ultimately, this dual interpretation of the novel steers readers towards a deeper understanding of Emma Woodhouse’s imperiled friendships, and by extension, their own.

This thesis examines four translations and retranslations of novels by British female writers. They are Elizabeth Gaskell’s Cranford, Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice, George Eliot’s Silas Marner, and Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre. The translations and retranslations, eight target texts in total, are mapped onto the sociopolitical and sociocultural milieu of China from the late 1920s to 1930s. During the span of time when the eight translations were published, China was undergoing a special period of political turbulence intertwined with literary vibrancy. With the literary field of China segmented into various literary societies or political organizations subscribing to their respective doctrines and principles, Chinese intellectuals including translators from various backgrounds produced literature and translation within the agenda of their respective literary or political societies. The heart of this thesis’s theoretical framework is the role of agents of translation involved the practice of translation production. The interaction amongst the human and nonhuman agents: translators, patrons, intellectuals, literary institutions, publishers and more, are examined in order to identify the translation motivations of the translators. The seven translators covered in the present study are categorized into three distinctive groups: the leftists, the humanists and the commercial translators. A collective analysis of the translators’ behaviour should shed light on the general understanding of the intended social functions of these translated novels written by British female writers published during Republican China.

Money factors into the lives of all of Jane Austen’s heroines and, in many of her novels, the heroines struggle on the marriage market. Austen concludes every one of her novels with the marriage of the heroine and, while Austen made the choice to become a writer instead of marrying, she is consequently very mindful of what marriage means for each of her heroines and who they ultimately choose for a husband. Given that economics is the social science concerned with how individuals and institutions make optimal choices under conditions of scarcity, knowledge of some of the basic concepts in economics and an understanding of the economic theory behind how people make choices can enhance readings of Sense and Sensibility and Pride and Prejudice. Through a survey of some of the existing economic literature on marriage, I demonstrate how one might apply economic theory to these two novels. Subsequently, I explore how there are limits on how far the economics of marriage can be extended to analyze Austen’s novels, but ultimately conclude that the theory presented nevertheless helps explain how many of the characters choose their future partner.

The thesis focuses on how literary texts of the so called "great tradition" can become parts of contemporary pop culture based on intertextual connections (a wide variety of them from explicit quotation to loose inspiration by the original) with the historical canonical texts, and especially on the changes occurring during such actualization in the narrative categories (storyline, space, time, characters, narrator). The theoretical part defines the concept of adaptation and related terms of intertextuality and intermediality and specifies relevant narrative categories. The analytic part focuses on two literary "giants", William Shakespeare to represent male literary oeuvre and Jane Austen as a representative of female writers' tradition, to show particular narrative modifications by comparing the original versions with their modernized adaptations that function as their pop cultural counterparts.

Submitted by Izabel Franco (izabel-franco@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-06T19:02:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCCCop.pdf: 1603085 bytes, checksum: c353e0d8d25b3cb8c9dc5881dc0b4775 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T19:38:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCCCop.pdf: 1603085 bytes, checksum: c353e0d8d25b3cb8c9dc5881dc0b4775 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Marina Freitas (marinapf@ufscar.br) on 2016-10-20T19:38:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCCCop.pdf: 1603085 bytes, checksum: c353e0d8d25b3cb8c9dc5881dc0b4775 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-20T19:38:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissCCCop.pdf: 1603085 bytes, checksum: c353e0d8d25b3cb8c9dc5881dc0b4775 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Jane Austen is one of the authors who owns a great prestige in the literary scenario, most notably for putting into the light aspects of the English society in which she was linked. Among many subjects described by the scholars, there is one that will be in this dissertation called into question, namely, the representative role of reading for fictional readers in two works written by her, Firstly the novel Sense and Sensibility (1811) whose selected aspect, is triggered by the disastrous reading that the heroin, Marianne Dashwood does; and, on the other hand we will point out a differentiated reading posture, in this case, in Pride and Prejudice (1813), whose tracking seems to indicate an ideal model of character as a reader, with the figure of the protagonist, Elizabeth Bennet. In both texts, we will intend to develop a literary analysis, which considers the political and social aspects, subordinating our work, to Jameson’s levels of interpretation. / Jane Austen é uma das autoras possuidoras de grande prestígio no cenário literário, principalmente por colocar em evidência aspectos da sociedade inglesa à qual estava ligada. Entre muitas questões descritas pelos acadêmicos, existe uma que estará nesta dissertação de mestrado sendo posta em discussão, a saber, o papel representativo da leitura para os leitores ficcionais de duas das obras por ela escrita. Primeiramente, o romance Razão e Sensibilidade (1811), cujo aspecto selecionado é deflagrado por meio da leitura nefasta da heroína, Marianne Dashwood; e, por outro lado, apontaremos uma postura de leitura diferenciada, nesse caso, em Orgulho e Preconceito (1813), cujo caminhar parece indicar um modelo ideal de personagem leitora, com a figura da protagonista, Elizabeth Bennet. Em ambos os textos, buscaremos desenvolver uma análise literária na qual se considera os aspectos políticos e sociais, subordinando nosso trabalho aos níveis jamesonianos de interpretação.

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Submitted by Geyciane Santos (geyciane_thamires@hotmail.com) on 2015-11-12T20:42:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Márcio Azevedo da Silva.pdf: 1600077 bytes, checksum: f6003f5f4724927713f895ba30aad228 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-11-16T18:47:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Márcio Azevedo da Silva.pdf: 1600077 bytes, checksum: f6003f5f4724927713f895ba30aad228 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2015-11-16T18:55:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Márcio Azevedo da Silva.pdf: 1600077 bytes, checksum: f6003f5f4724927713f895ba30aad228 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-16T18:55:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Márcio Azevedo da Silva.pdf: 1600077 bytes, checksum: f6003f5f4724927713f895ba30aad228 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-24 / FAPEAM - Fapeam - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / The purpose of this dissertation is to promote a dialogue between the novels Pride and Prejudice by the English writer, Jane Austen, and “Senhora”, written by the Brazilian writer José de Alencar from the Comparative Literature point of view of social mobility. Each novel is extremely relevant to the comprehension of the English and Brazilian societies the period in which the books were written. In the first chapter, we present the historical context that influenced the authors, considering the influence of the Georgian era in the work of Jane Austen, besides her strange choice not to join the Romanticism in vogue at the time. We highlight the Bourgeois Romance and its influences in the work of José de Alencar. In the second chapter, we present a comparison between both novels and their main characters based on the book Comparative Literature, by Sandra Nitrini. The third chapter presents an inter-semiotic dialogue between the 2005 movie Pride and Prejudice, directed by Joe Wright and the novel written by Jane Austen. It also brings an inter-semiotic dialogue between the 1976 movie ”Senhora”, directed by Geraldo Vietri, and the novel written by José de Alencar. Both dialogues aim to elucidate the specifications of literary narrative and filmic narrative. / A proposta desta dissertação é promover um diálogo, a partir da Literatura Comparada, sobre mobilidade social nos romances Orgulho e Preconceito, da escritora inglesa, Jane Austen, e Senhora, do escritor brasileiro José de Alencar. Cada romance é de extrema relevância para a compreensão das sociedades inglesa e brasileira do período em que os livros foram escritos. No primeiro capítulo, apresentamos o contexto histórico em que os autores estão inseridos, considerando a influência da era Georgiana na obra de Jane Austen, além de sua curiosa escolha por não aderir ao Romantismo em voga. Ressaltamos a respeito do Romance Burguês e suas influências na obra de José de Alencar. No segundo capítulo, apresentamos a comparação entre os dois romances e suas principais personagens, tendo como base teórica o livro Literatura Comparada, de Sandra Nitrini. O terceiro capítulo apresenta um diálogo intersemiótico entre o filme Orgulho e Preconceito, de 2005, dirigido por Joe Wright e o romance de Jane Austen, o mesmo acontecendo com o filme Senhora, de 1976, dirigido por Geraldo Vietri e o romance de Alencar, com o objetivo de elucidar as especificidades da narrativa literária e da narrativa fílmica.

Marriage is arguably one of the most important events and choices to be made in one’s life, especially for many of the female characters in Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen. Whether characters are searching for a husband for themselves or is searching for someone else, marriage is the source of many conflicts. Social class plays an important part in the marital process in Regency England and remains a point of tension in the novel. Moreover, the women seemingly have different yet similar experiences with the marriage process. This essay will analyze Catherine de Bourgh, Caroline Bingley, Mrs Bennet, Jane Bennet, Elizabeth Bennet as well as Charlotte Lucas, with the focus of the essay being their views and experiences with marriage through a characterization study in order of their social class. The essay will be positioned within classic Marxism due to the importance of social classes in Marx as well as in Neo- Marxism. The main part of the analysis consists of whether a female character acts in agreement or disagreement with the ISAs (Ideological State Apparatuses) as presented by Louis Althusser. It will be evident that some will be in agreement while others are in disagreement. Because of this the essay will also show that regardless of the social classand relation to the ISAs a woman’s main purpose in life is to be a wife and mother, even if Austen hints at characters breaking free from this ideology to make way for a new way of thinking.

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate Jane Austen’s illumination of Samuel Johnson’s moral precepts in seeking harmony in choice of life. Austen explores the various decisions of her characters and the effects of those choices on happiness through the use of free indirect discourse. Austen and Johnson both contend that marriage is a potential source of great happiness in an individual’s choice of life, and concordia discors between spouses offers the highest form of contentment in marriage. Johnson believed that the novelist had a moral duty to his or her reader to present characters with attainable virtue. Austen’s illumination of Johnson’s moral precepts and philosophies fulfills the standards Johnson set forth for the novel genre. This study traces the relationship between Johnson’s precepts in Austen’s Emma, Persuasion, Pride and Prejudice, and Sense and Sensibility.

Feminist scholars have focused on the Gothic as a medium for expressing the horrors of female experience in a patriarchal society. This study examines Gothic awareness in Jane Austen’s Northanger Abbey and Silvia Moreno-Garcia’s Mexican Gothic.The first part of the study focuses on Gothic awareness in relation to female sexuality and the threat of sexual violence from a feminist and psychoanalytic point of view.The second part of the analysis focuses on Gothic awareness in relation to domestic entrapment from a feminist point of view. In the third and final part of the study, Gothic awareness is analysed in relation to class and ethnicity from a Marxist and a postcolonial perspective. It is concluded that in Northanger Abbey, Catherine's lack of Gothic awareness stops her from becoming a victim, but also stops her from recognising the Gothic dangers surrounding her, whereas in Mexican Gothic, Noemí’s growing Gothic awareness enables her to take action against the Gothic dangers she faces. In both works, Gothic genre conventions are appropriated in order to convey the dangers faced by women in the worlds of the novels, but also subverted in order to show that women are more than passive victims.